WO2000045185A2 - Regulateur de tension continue bidirectionnel - Google Patents

Regulateur de tension continue bidirectionnel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000045185A2
WO2000045185A2 PCT/EP2000/000775 EP0000775W WO0045185A2 WO 2000045185 A2 WO2000045185 A2 WO 2000045185A2 EP 0000775 W EP0000775 W EP 0000775W WO 0045185 A2 WO0045185 A2 WO 0045185A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
capacitors
capacitor
input
connection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2000/000775
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2000045185A3 (fr
Inventor
David Ghawami
Original Assignee
G2-Giesel-Ghawami-Innovative Technik Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by G2-Giesel-Ghawami-Innovative Technik Gmbh filed Critical G2-Giesel-Ghawami-Innovative Technik Gmbh
Publication of WO2000045185A2 publication Critical patent/WO2000045185A2/fr
Publication of WO2000045185A3 publication Critical patent/WO2000045185A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bidirectional DC voltage divider and a method for setting its output voltage.
  • the transmission of a voltage from an input to an output side is usually done by magnetic transmission using a transformer.
  • a DC voltage to be set must first be converted into an AC voltage on the input side and rectified again on the output side.
  • this requires quite a bit of effort, on the other hand, there are so-called no-load losses in the transformer that are not inconsiderable.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a DC voltage divider that does not need to be converted into an AC voltage and that can be implemented with a small size and light weight and has low no-load losses, the output voltage should be adjustable within wide limits.
  • the object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of claims 1, 2, 8, 11 and 12 in cooperation with the features in the preamble. Appropriate embodiments of the invention are contained in the subclaims.
  • Output signal can be regulated in real time
  • Fig. 2 shows the reversal of the basic circuit as
  • FIG. 3 shows a module constructed from the basic circuit according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 5 shows the implementation of a changeover switch for the DC voltage regulator by means of a MOSFET
  • FIG. 7 shows a cascade connection of several modules according to FIG. 3,
  • 10 shows a digital / analog converter constructed from the basic circuit
  • 11 shows a single voltage stage according to the circuits according to FIG. 7 or FIG. 10,
  • FIG. 13 shows an analog circuit to FIG. 10,
  • 21A shows a further variant of the circuit according to FIG. 19,
  • FIG. 21B shows a variant of the circuit according to FIG. 21A
  • FIGS. 22 and 23 shows a variant of the circuit according to FIGS. 22 and
  • Fig. 1 shows the basic circuit of the DC voltage regulator using a capacitive voltage divider with two capacitors C1 and C2. the capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in series to a DC input voltage DC.
  • a switch SW1, SW2 is arranged in parallel with each capacitor C1, C2, and is used to produce a voltage tap on the output side either via capacitor C1 or capacitor C2. The output voltage is then applied to a load Rx.
  • the changeover switches SW1, SW2 are implemented by electronic circuit breakers which are connected to a clock generator (not shown here). They are switched in parallel at the same time.
  • Fig. 2 shows a reversal of the basic circuit of FIG. 1, so that it is suitable as a voltage multiplier.
  • the DC input voltage DC is present at switches SW3 and SW4, while the previous input side becomes the output side. In practice, the DC input voltage DC is doubled if the capacitors C1, C2 are of the same size.
  • the capacitor C1 or C2 is charged to the DC input voltage DC by the charging current. Since the load Rx is connected to the series connection of the two capacitors C1, C2, the double DC input voltage is present here.
  • Fig. 2 can be constructed as a module Wx with the inputs / outputs El, E2. By cascading such modules
  • Wx can be used for versatile DC voltage sources, as will be shown.
  • Fig. 4 shows a circuit for generating a plurality of isolated voltages, such as for a control circuit for the switch SW1, SW2 or SW3, SW4 are required.
  • the DC input control voltage is connected to capacitors C4 ... C9 via switches Ml ... M6 and M7 ... M12.
  • control voltages Q1 ... Q6 can be generated on the capacitors C4 ... C9, which are potential-free against each other.
  • Such tensions can e.g. B. for controlling a switch SW1, SW2 with a Mosfet, as shown in Fig. 5.
  • a Mosfet A2 is controlled by a microprocessor via an optocoupler AI, for which the potential-free control voltage Ql is required on the output side.
  • the Mosfet A2 is also provided with reverse polarity protection A3 with two diodes D2, D3.
  • IGBTs can also be used, which are also controlled with a voltage, but which have a higher resistance to saponification.
  • FIG. 6 shows the choke circuit of a module Wx.
  • inductors L1, L2, L3 By interposing inductors L1, L2, L3 in the current path, overvoltages that can occur during the switching processes can be reduced.
  • the output side is additionally supported by a charging capacitor C3.
  • FIG. 7 now shows the cascade connection of modules Wx already mentioned, in which the modules Wx both as voltage divider circuits and
  • the modules W4 and W5 are connected to the DC input voltage DC (32 V), from which voltage division with the other modules W3 to Wl and voltage multiplication with the Modules W6 to W8 output DC voltages are provided at a level represented by the row 2 n + i , where n is the number of modules.
  • DC input voltage DC 32 V
  • n the number of modules.
  • FIG. 9 shows a possible application in which a full-bridge inverter H1 is connected downstream of the DC voltage regulator in order to generate an AC voltage on the output side.
  • Fig. 10 the already mentioned digital / analog converter is shown, which is constructed analogously to the arrangement according to Fig. 7, but both the individual voltages of the modules Wl to W8 with voltage measuring elements UM2 to UM9 and the input and output voltages with the Measuring elements UM1, UM10, UM11 are measured and readjusted by a microprocessor. How the individual voltages of the Wx modules can be controlled will be shown with the help of further exemplary embodiments.
  • FIG. 11 shows once again a single voltage stage in accordance with the cascade circuits according to FIG. 7 or FIG. 10.
  • Fig. 12 shows a slightly different structure of a module.
  • the division or multiplication then takes place in several stages, here via a divider 2, divider 1 and divider 0. Smaller partial voltages are then obtained at the capacitors CIO to C12. The limits of the dielectric strength of electronic switches can thus be taken into account.
  • the DC output voltage U2 is in turn supported by a capacitor C15.
  • a further division of the input voltage can be achieved by further series connection of capacitors in the input divider and possibly further divider stages. Is z. B. in the divider 2, a fourth capacitor connected in series and a further changeover switch Sx added, a division of 4: 1 or a multiplication of 1: 4 can take place.
  • FIG. 13 shows an analog design for the circuit according to FIG. 10, here only with a single measuring point for the DC output voltage U2.
  • a resolution of 2 8 corresponding to 256 voltage steps, can be achieved with only eight stages, analogous to eight bits, so that any desired output voltage U2 can be achieved be generated.
  • the circuit Due to the bidirectional power transmission capability, the circuit is z. B. ideal for use in electric vehicles (recovery of braking power). Frequency and amplitude modulation is easily possible within wide limits.
  • the individual partial voltage sources In order to be able to interconnect the individual modules with one another, the individual partial voltage sources must be electrically isolated from one another, which can be done with a circuit as shown in FIG. 14.
  • the charge of the capacitors C16, C17 is transmitted cyclically via switches S10 - S13 to a capacitor C18, C19 of an intermediate stage. From there, the currently non-charging capacitor C18, C19 is cyclically discharged to a capacitor C20 via the changeover switches S14, S15.
  • the circuit enables a potential separation between the input and output of the bidirectional voltage regulator.
  • FIG. 18 A further possibility for potential isolation without an intermediate stage is shown in FIG. 18.
  • Switches S22, S23 - S26 and S27, S28 - S31 are provided in parallel to series connection.
  • the position shown shows the charging process of the capacitors C24, C25 and the discharge of the capacitors C22, C23 in series connection. With the circuit, voltage doubling in the ratio of 1: 2 and potential isolation are possible at the same time.
  • FIG. 1 An alternative to the basic circuit shown in FIG. 1 is in the fig. 19 to 21 B.
  • capacitors C48 ... C52 are used which are charged in parallel. With switches S79 ... S88, the capacitors C48 ... C52 can now be discharged to the load load individually or in groups of several capacitors, which means that different voltage values can be set on the output side.
  • the respective switching time and the optimal interconnection of the capacitors C48 ... C52 are in turn carried out by a microprocessor, which receives the necessary information about their state of charge, for example via analog / digital converters.
  • Fig. 21A shows the reversal of the circuit of Fig. 19 so that voltage division becomes possible.
  • the capacitors C53, C54, C55 are charged in parallel via switches S89 ... S94 and discharged via switches S95, S96 or S97, a different division ratio being achieved in each case.
  • the following exemplary embodiments show variants in which the basic circuit of the voltage regulator, as shown in FIG. 1, is supplemented in such a way that its output voltage can be regulated within certain limits by shifting the charge of auxiliary capacitors.
  • the mode of operation can be seen in FIG. 22.
  • the load can be switched between the voltages of the capacitors C27 and C26 + C29.
  • the auxiliary capacitors C28 and C29 have the task of storing auxiliary charges with which an operating point P can be kept stable at one value.
  • Table 4 for FIG. 22 shows how the charge of the auxiliary capacitors C28, C29 can be shifted so that the potential from the operating point P can be kept constant.
  • "X" stands for the switch position "ON".
  • the switching sequence is cyclic, i. H. after switching sequence 3, switching sequence 1 is started again.
  • clock rate and scanning range By varying the clock rate and scanning range, it is possible to regulate the output DC voltage within limits. It is essential that the time integral of the currents IC1 and IC2 is the same.
  • Measuring points on the capacitors make it possible to regulate the clock rate and scanning range using a microprocessor.
  • the circuit according to FIG. 23 represents an extension of the circuit according to FIG. 22. Due to a symmetrical structure, the electrical charges of those involved can Capacitors are shifted in such a way that the voltage value required at the output can be provided in each switching state by forming summations or differences without a recharging cycle being necessary.
  • the switching sequence is shown in Table 5.
  • the auxiliary capacitors C30, C31 always hold the necessary voltage value, which, when connected to the capacitors C32, C34, keeps the output voltage Ul at the desired value. They are reloaded every second switching cycle.
  • FIG. 24 An expansion of the circuit according to FIG. 23 is shown in FIG. 24. Again, the charge is held on the auxiliary capacitors C36 and C37, so that the capacitors C38, C39, C40 and C41 cannot discharge and are kept at a desired potential. Measuring elements (not shown here) on the capacitors and a microprocessor allow the DC output voltage to be regulated in real time. The associated switching sequence is listed in Table 6. The circuit makes it possible to theoretically regulate the output voltage in the entire range from Uin + to Uin-.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un régulateur de tension continue, réalisé par connexion en série d'au moins deux condensateurs pourvu chacun d'au moins un commutateur électronique monté en parallèle. Le régulateur selon l'invention, qui peut être monté en cascade, est caractérisé en ce que les commutateurs sont reliés à un synchroniseur et peuvent être commutés simultanément en parallèle de manière cadencée et en ce qu'au moins un condensateur ou un commutateur peut être sollicité par une tension d'entrée continue. L'invention concerne également un procédé pour la commande du régulateur d'un seul niveau de tension.
PCT/EP2000/000775 1999-01-29 2000-01-31 Regulateur de tension continue bidirectionnel WO2000045185A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19905081 1999-01-29
DE19905081.3 1999-01-29
DE19914191.6 1999-03-24
DE19914191 1999-03-24
DE19935750 1999-07-28
DE19935750.1 1999-07-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000045185A2 true WO2000045185A2 (fr) 2000-08-03
WO2000045185A3 WO2000045185A3 (fr) 2000-12-07

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PCT/EP2000/000775 WO2000045185A2 (fr) 1999-01-29 2000-01-31 Regulateur de tension continue bidirectionnel

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1562279A2 (fr) * 2004-02-06 2005-08-10 HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. Convertisseur continu-continu et programme
JP2009038969A (ja) * 2004-02-06 2009-02-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd Ｄｃ／ｄｃコンバータ、及びプログラム
CN103491934A (zh) * 2011-04-28 2014-01-01 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 温度控制组合物

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4578772A (en) * 1981-09-18 1986-03-25 Fujitsu Limited Voltage dividing circuit
US5057990A (en) * 1990-05-02 1991-10-15 Zdzislaw Gulczynski Bidirectional switching power apparatus with AC or DC output
US5768116A (en) * 1997-01-27 1998-06-16 Honeywell Inc. Bi-directional DC/DC voltage converter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4578772A (en) * 1981-09-18 1986-03-25 Fujitsu Limited Voltage dividing circuit
US5057990A (en) * 1990-05-02 1991-10-15 Zdzislaw Gulczynski Bidirectional switching power apparatus with AC or DC output
US5768116A (en) * 1997-01-27 1998-06-16 Honeywell Inc. Bi-directional DC/DC voltage converter

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Band 9611, Nr. 3(026), 31 MÛrz 1997; & JP 8-317666 A (MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC WORKS) 29 November 1996, *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1562279A2 (fr) * 2004-02-06 2005-08-10 HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. Convertisseur continu-continu et programme
EP1562279A3 (fr) * 2004-02-06 2005-11-02 HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. Convertisseur continu-continu et programme
US7292462B2 (en) 2004-02-06 2007-11-06 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. DC/DC converter having transistor switches with flywheel diodes and program for controlling the transistor switches
JP2009038969A (ja) * 2004-02-06 2009-02-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd Ｄｃ／ｄｃコンバータ、及びプログラム
CN103491934A (zh) * 2011-04-28 2014-01-01 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 温度控制组合物

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