WO2000044847A1 - Moisture-activated adhesive compositions - Google Patents
Moisture-activated adhesive compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000044847A1 WO2000044847A1 PCT/EP2000/000034 EP0000034W WO0044847A1 WO 2000044847 A1 WO2000044847 A1 WO 2000044847A1 EP 0000034 W EP0000034 W EP 0000034W WO 0044847 A1 WO0044847 A1 WO 0044847A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- moisture
- adhesive composition
- activated adhesive
- composition according
- polyol
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09J175/12—Polyurethanes from compounds containing nitrogen and active hydrogen, the nitrogen atom not being part of an isocyanate group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/50—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/5021—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen
- C08G18/5024—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen containing primary and/or secondary amino groups
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to rapid curing moisture-activated adhesive compositions and methods for their production and a process for bonding multiple substrates using said composition. More specifically, the present invention is directed to specific moisture-activated adhesive compositions which are cold curable in the presence of high moisture content cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrates.
- Engineered lumber products on the market today such as finger-jointed lumber, wood I- beams, and glue-laminated beams (glu-lams), utilize a variety of adhesive systems, including phenol - formaldeyhde (PF) based adhesives, polyvinylacetate (PVA) adhesives, and isocyanate - based emulsion adhesives.
- PF phenol - formaldeyhde
- PVA polyvinylacetate
- isocyanate - based emulsion adhesives Unfortunately, each of these adhesive systems has limitations, which compromises the effectiveness of the resultant engineered lumber composite.
- Isocyanate-crosslinked latex emulsion adhesives also have limitations in that these systems also suffer from the limitations of slow green strength development, and a dependency on a great deal of heat to ensure adequate bonding.
- Polyisocyanate based adhesive compositions have also been identified for composite wood applications. Examples are moisture curable urethane-modified polyisocyanate adhesives described in EP-B-723 561 which discloses urethane-modified polyisocyanate adhesives for use in plywood panel wood composites. These compositions contain auto catalytic species, designed to increase the reactivity of the polyisocyanate, enabling cure at ambient temperatures in a matter of minutes.
- the different processing requirements between panels and lumber becomes extremely important. As a consequence none of the existing polyisocyanate products, designed for relatively thin composite wood panels, exhibits sufficient reactivity to truly be cost-effective in relatively thick engineered lumber applications.
- These objectives are met by the present adhesive compositions, which demonstrate excellent adhesive properties with a prolonged pot life, accelerated cure, particularly at room temperature.
- the compositions according to the present invention provide equal performance than those compositions as described in EP 0 723 561.
- the present compositions are activated by the moisture present in the substrate with which they are being used and thus, they may be most effectively used with substrates having a relatively high moisture content, even as high as 20% or more. Accordingly, the present compositions are effectively used with various types of lignocellulosic materials and are particularly useful in the preparation of engineered lumber products as discussed above.
- the present invention relates to a moisture-activated adhesive composition
- a moisture-activated adhesive composition comprising the reaction product of (A) polyisocyanate selected from either (a) a blend of polymeric MDI and pure MDI and/or from (b) an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer.
- the polyisocyanate component is selected from either (a) a blend of polymeric MDI and pure MDI and/or (b) an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer.
- the blend of polymeric MDI and pure MDI have been found to provide improved penetration into the lignocellulosic substrate and higher wood failure as opposed to glueline failure.
- a commercially available pure MDI product suitable for use in the present invention is RubinateTM 44 available from ICI Americas Inc.
- the preferred blends contain polymeric MDI to pure MDI in ratios of 95:5 to 50:50 and preferably 60:40 to 80:20.
- isocyanate-terminated prepolymer includes the prepolymer as well as the pseudoprepolymer, i.e., a mixture of the prepolymer and the polyisocyanate from which the prepolymer is prepared.
- pseudoprepolymer i.e., a mixture of the prepolymer and the polyisocyanate from which the prepolymer is prepared.
- the polymeric polyisocyanate may be prepared by the reaction of an excess of a polyisocyanate and a polyol, including aminated polyols or imino/enamines thereof.
- Suitable polyols for preparing the isocyanate-terminated prepolymers include:
- polyether polyols (a) polyether polyols, thioether polyols and/or hydrocarbon-based polyols having a molecular weight of from 1000 to 6000 and an average hydroxyl functionality of from 1.8 to 4
- polyester polyols having a molecular weight of 1000 or more and an average hydroxyl functionality of from 1.9 to 4.
- Particularly preferred isocyanate-terminated prepolymers useful in the present invention are MDI prepolymers, which are the reaction product of an excess of polymeric MDI and polyether polyols.
- the polyether polyols are preferably diols or triols having hydroxyl values of 25 to 120.
- the polyol should have a number average molecular weight in the range of 1000 to 6000.
- Such prepolymers should generally have a free-NCO content of more than 10%, preferably more than 16% and most preferably 16 to 29% Suitable polymers are those in which the stoichiometric ratio of isocyanate (NCO) to hydroxyl (OH) exceeds 1:1.
- RubinateTM M available from ICI Americas is a suitable polymeric MDI composition useful in the present invention.
- the second component of the present compositions is an isocyanate-reactive component characterized in that the total ethylene oxide content by weight of the total adhesive composition is more than 2.5%. More preferably, at least 40% of the total ethylene oxide content is present as part of the reactant.
- Reactants suitable for the present invention are reactants comprising at least one aliphatic tertiary amine group-containing polyol having an ethylene oxide content of at least 1%.
- the ethylene oxide content of the reactant is from 1 to 90%, preferably 5 to 60.
- the aliphatic tertiary amine group-containing polyol provides and ethylene oxide content in the prepolymer of 0.01 to 27%, preferably 0.35 to 12%.
- the weight ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide in the total composition is at least 1 to 5, said propylene oxide or ethylene oxide being part of the reactant and/or from an additional polyol being present in the total composition.
- the aliphatic tertiary amine group-containing polyols are the known alkoxylation products of amines or aminoalcohols with at least two active hydrogen atoms with ethylene oxide and optionally propylene oxide.
- Suitable initiator molecules include: ammonia, ethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, methylamine, diaminodiphenyl methane, aniline, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, N-methyl diethanolamine, and tetrahydroxyl ethyl ethylenediamine.
- Suitable aliphatic tertiary amine group-containing polyols are those wherein the initiator comprises 1 to 18 and preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Suitable aliphatic tertiary amine group- containing polyols have an average molecular weight of about 1500 to 10,000 and preferably 1500 to 6000 and an average OH functionality of 1.8 to 6.0.
- Preferred amine group-containing polyols for use in the present invention includes those prepared from ethylene diamine, triethylene tetramine and triethanolamine.
- compositions comprise the reactant such as the aliphatic tertiary amine group- containing polyol component, in an amount of 1 to 50%, preferably 7 to 30% and most preferably 10 to 20% by weight based upon the total amount of isocyanate and polyol in the composition.
- the amine group-containing polyol is an ethylene diamine-based polyol containing ethylene oxide.
- Suitable ethylene diamine-based polyols are those having an ethylene oxide content of 1 to 90%, preferably 5 to 60%.
- the ethylene oxide content refers to the amount of ethylene oxide utilized in the preparation of the polyols as discussed above. During production, the ethylene oxide reacts with the initiator.
- the polyols should have a molecular weight in the range of 1500 to 6000.
- Suitable ethylene diamine-based polyols useful in the present compositions include those of the following formula:
- x is an integer of 1.0 to 29.0, preferably 4.0 to 20 and most preferably 4.0 to 14 and y is an integer of 0.1 to 10.0 and preferably 2.0 to 4.0.
- Suitable ethylene diamine-based polyols are available commercially, such as the "Synperonic T" series of polyols available from ICI Americas Inc.
- the total ethylene oxide content by weight of the total adhesive composition is more than 2.5%. Most preferred, at least 40% of the total ethylene oxide content is present as part of the reactant.
- Polypropylene oxide based reactants or additonal polypropylene oxide based polyols may be used for the present compositions , preferably whereby the weight ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide is at least 1 to 8, said propylene oxide being part of the reactant and/or from an additional polyol being present in the total composition.
- the concentration of nitrogen in the amine group-containing polyol is is 0.002 to 0.05 eqN/lOOg.
- the said adhesive composition may be produced in any number of ways such as, but not limited to: (i) Sequentially mixing the components at temperatures 25-80oC (with the proviso that when using pure MDI it is used above 42oC). Said mixtures are then allowed to react.
- Catalysts can additionally be incorporated into the present compositions to further enhance the cure rate of the compositions.
- appropriate catalysts are, e.g., tertiary amine catalysts. Suitable tertiary amine catalysts are available commercially, as Niax A-4, from Union Carbide and Thancat DMDEE, from Texaco. Most preferably, the Niax A-4 catalyst is used in the relatively slower cure systems.
- additives such as fungicides, tackifiers, UV stabilizers, viscosity reducers, plasticisers, fillers and extenders as well as surface tension modifying agents can be added depending on the specific application or manufacturing procedure.
- other adhesives such as, but not limited to, UF, PF and PRF can also be incorporated into the formulation.
- the adhesive compositions of the present invention have been found to have a pot life of approximately three months or more under moisture-free conditions when mixed prior to application to a substrate.
- the present compositions are also "cold curable", i.e., may be cured at a temperature of lOoC to room temperature although they can also be hot cured.
- the present compositions may be cured at temperatures of from lOoC to 250oC.
- the present compositions are cured at a temperature of 23oC to 125oC.
- most systems will cure at room temperature in 10-30 minutes.
- the adhesive compositions of the present invention may be used to bond many different types of moisture-containing substrates. It is preferred that at least one of the substrates be selected from the group consisting of wood, paper, rice hulls, cement, stone, cloth, grass, corn husks, bagasse, nut shells, polymeric foam films and sheets, polymeric foams and fibrous materials. Preferably, the present composition is used to fabricate multi-substrate composites or laminates.
- composites or laminates of particular interest being those comprising lignocellulosic or cellulosic materials, such as wood or paper, to prepare products such as finger joints, "Glulam” and I- Beams, plywood, wafer board, particleboard, fiberboard, chipboard, and oriented wood products, such as "Parallam”, available from McMillan Bloedell.
- the substrates As the present adhesive compositions are moisture-activated, it is important that the substrates have relatively high moisture contents. Specifically, the substrates should have moisture contents of at least 7%. Preferably, the substrates have moisture contents of 10 to 20% by weight and more preferably 12 to 15% by weight
- the present composition When used to bond multiple substrates together, the present composition is applied to a surface of a first substrate. A surface of a second substrate is then contacted with the surface of the first substrate containing the present composition. Pressure is then applied to the contacted surfaces and the adhesive compositions are allowed to cure.
- the surface of the second substrate against which the first substrate is contacted is generally not coated with the present adhesive composition. However, that surface may also be coated prior to contacting the substrates.
- the present invention is further directed to a process for bonding multiple substrates comprising (1) applying to a surface of a first substrate the present moisture-activated adhesive composition as defined above and contacting the surface of the first substrate with a surface of a second substrate
- additional water can be applied to in the following manner
- misting can optionally be used to increase the accessibility of water to the reactive isocyanate.
- the application levels of water should not exceed 5% of the resin loading.
- the present adhesive compositions also provide cold tack immediately after application to a substrate. This is particularly useful for pre-press operations where mechanical handling is often necessary. Cold tack is achieved naturally by the present composition adhesives, described in this invention.
- the present compositions may be used as additives to other resins and adhesives, which require improved tack properties.
- the present adhesive compositions may be applied to the surfaces of the substrates in any conventional manner.
- the surface may be coated with the composition by spraying, brushing, etc.
- Suitable means for applying the adhesive compositions to the surface of the substrate for a particular application will be evident to one skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
- pressure is applied thereto.
- the pressure should be sufficient to cause the surfaces to adhere to one another.
- the amount of pressure and the time period for which the pressure is applied are not limited and specific pressures and times will be evident to one skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
- a pressure of approximately 10 to 200 psi (equivalent to 69 to 1380 kPa) be applied for 10 to 20 minutes to cause appropriate adhesion for most substrates. Further processing can generally be conducted on the treated substrates in less than one hour.
- the MDI prepolymer had an NCO content of 24.9% and was prepared by reacting Rubinol F- 456 (a polyether diol available from ICI Americas Inc.) with a 69/31 blend of polymeric MDI to pure MDI.
- the polymeric MDI used was RubinateTM M and the pure MDI used was RubinateTM 44,both available from ICI America Inc.
- Polyol 1 was "Synperonic T 304" which is an ethylene diamine-based polyol available from ICI Americas Inc. Total EO % by weight of the total adhesive composition is 8%.
- the MDI prepolymer had an NCO content of 24.9% and was prepared by reacting Rubinol F- 456 (a polyether diol available from ICI Americas Inc.) with a 69/31 blend of polymeric MDI to pure MDI.
- the polymeric MDI used was RubinateTM M and the pure MDI used was RubinateTM 44,both available from ICI Americas Inc.
- Polyol 2 was "Synperonic T 701" which is an ethylene diamine-based polyol available from ICI Americas Inc. Total EO % by weight of the total adhesive composition is 2.2%).
- NiaxA- 4 is a suitable tertiary amine catalysts available from Union Carbide.
- Total EO % by weight of the total adhesive composition is 1.6%).
- the MDI prepolymer had an NCO content of 25.2% and was prepared by reacting Rubinol F- 456 (a polyether diol available from ICI Americas Inc.) with a 71.2/28.8blend of polymeric
- the polymeric MDI used was RubinateTM M and the pure MDI used was RubinateTM 44, both available from ICI Americas Inc.
- Polyol 1 was "Synperonic T 304" which is an ethylene diamine - based polyol available from ICI Americas Inc. Total EO % by weight of the total adhesive composition is 6%.
- the MDI prepolymer had an NCO content of 24.9% and was prepared by reacting Rubinol F- 481 (a polyether diol available from ICI Americas Inc.) with a 69/31 blend of polymeric MDI to pure MDI.
- the polymeric MDI used was RubinateTM M and the pure MDI used was RubinateTM 44, both available from ICI Americas Inc.
- Polyol 1 was "Synperonic T 304" which is an ethylene diamine - based polyol available from ICI Americas Inc. Total EO % by weight of the total adhesive composition is 12%.
- Total EO % by weight of the total adhesive composition is 8%.
- Formulations given in examples 1 and 4 were used to construct single lap joints using 150 x 25 x 3 mm tangentially cut aspen wood. Overlaps were 25 x 25 mm and resin loadings were 12 mg.m-2. The lap joints were cured at room temperature for 15 minutes and tested to failure. Two sets of samples were produced. In the first instance, the resin was applied to the wood of moisture content 10%. In the second case, after the application of the adhesive, an additional 5% (based on adhesive weight), water content was applied by spray onto the adhesive layer. The loads to failure were recorded. The results, listed below, show a much higher tensile shear strength and higher percentages of wood failure for the systems with added water.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002360097A CA2360097A1 (en) | 1999-01-27 | 2000-01-05 | Moisture-activated adhesive compositions |
EP00904875A EP1161509A1 (en) | 1999-01-27 | 2000-01-05 | Moisture-activated adhesive compositions |
BR0007755-0A BR0007755A (en) | 1999-01-27 | 2000-01-05 | Adhesive composition activated by moisture, multiple substrate bonding process, and engineered wood product |
AU26621/00A AU2662100A (en) | 1999-01-27 | 2000-01-05 | Moisture-activated adhesive compositions |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11741799P | 1999-01-27 | 1999-01-27 | |
US60/117,417 | 1999-01-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000044847A1 true WO2000044847A1 (en) | 2000-08-03 |
Family
ID=22372814
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2000/000034 WO2000044847A1 (en) | 1999-01-27 | 2000-01-05 | Moisture-activated adhesive compositions |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1161509A1 (en) |
AR (1) | AR022401A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2662100A (en) |
BR (1) | BR0007755A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2360097A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000044847A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003016368A1 (en) * | 2001-08-16 | 2003-02-27 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Fast-setting 1k-polyurethane glue |
US7601239B1 (en) | 2006-04-04 | 2009-10-13 | Comptek Structural Composites Of Colorado, Inc. | Liquid adhesive |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0063534A2 (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1982-10-27 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | A sag resistant two component adhesive |
JPS61228075A (en) * | 1985-04-02 | 1986-10-11 | Meisei Kogyo Kk | Adhesive composition |
WO1995010555A1 (en) * | 1993-10-14 | 1995-04-20 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc. | Moisture-activated adhesive compositions |
US5562148A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1996-10-08 | Ashland Inc. | Process for casting a metal |
-
2000
- 2000-01-05 CA CA002360097A patent/CA2360097A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-01-05 EP EP00904875A patent/EP1161509A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-01-05 AU AU26621/00A patent/AU2662100A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-01-05 BR BR0007755-0A patent/BR0007755A/en active Pending
- 2000-01-05 WO PCT/EP2000/000034 patent/WO2000044847A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-01-19 AR ARP000100238 patent/AR022401A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0063534A2 (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1982-10-27 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | A sag resistant two component adhesive |
JPS61228075A (en) * | 1985-04-02 | 1986-10-11 | Meisei Kogyo Kk | Adhesive composition |
US5562148A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1996-10-08 | Ashland Inc. | Process for casting a metal |
WO1995010555A1 (en) * | 1993-10-14 | 1995-04-20 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc. | Moisture-activated adhesive compositions |
EP0723561A1 (en) * | 1993-10-14 | 1996-07-31 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Moisture-activated adhesive compositions |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 106, no. 18, May 1987, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 139474h, TANAKA ET AL: "Thixotropic polyurethane adhesives" page 52; column 1; XP002114085 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003016368A1 (en) * | 2001-08-16 | 2003-02-27 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Fast-setting 1k-polyurethane glue |
US7253244B2 (en) | 2001-08-16 | 2007-08-07 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Fast setting 1k-polyurethane glue |
US7601239B1 (en) | 2006-04-04 | 2009-10-13 | Comptek Structural Composites Of Colorado, Inc. | Liquid adhesive |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2360097A1 (en) | 2000-08-03 |
BR0007755A (en) | 2001-11-13 |
AR022401A1 (en) | 2002-09-04 |
AU2662100A (en) | 2000-08-18 |
EP1161509A1 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
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