WO2000036441A2 - Enroulement de fibre optique et noyau a coefficients de dilatation correspondants - Google Patents

Enroulement de fibre optique et noyau a coefficients de dilatation correspondants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000036441A2
WO2000036441A2 PCT/US1999/026516 US9926516W WO0036441A2 WO 2000036441 A2 WO2000036441 A2 WO 2000036441A2 US 9926516 W US9926516 W US 9926516W WO 0036441 A2 WO0036441 A2 WO 0036441A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coil
hub
thermal expansion
optical fiber
fiber optic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1999/026516
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2000036441A3 (fr
Inventor
Andrew W. Kaliszek
Original Assignee
Honeywell Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honeywell Inc. filed Critical Honeywell Inc.
Priority to JP2000588625A priority Critical patent/JP2002532727A/ja
Priority to EP99971635A priority patent/EP1141752A2/fr
Priority to CA002354548A priority patent/CA2354548A1/fr
Publication of WO2000036441A2 publication Critical patent/WO2000036441A2/fr
Publication of WO2000036441A3 publication Critical patent/WO2000036441A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/4457—Bobbins; Reels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to fiber optic devices such as fiber optic rate sensors.
  • a fiber optic rate sensor is frequently used in advanced global positioning and inertial guidance systems to sense rotation.
  • a fiber optic rate sensor ordinarily comprises an interferometer which includes a light source, a beam splitter, a detector, and an optical path which is mounted on a platform.
  • Light from the light source is split by the beam splitter into two light beams which are directed to opposite ends of the optical path.
  • the two light beams counterpropagate around the optical path and, as the light beams exit the optical path, they are recombined.
  • the recombined light beams are applied to a detector.
  • the distance traveled by one of the light beams is greater than distance traveled by the other light beam, so that there will be a phase difference between the two light beams at their optical path exit points.
  • a sensing circuit connected to the detector determines this phase difference as an indication of the extent and direction of rotation.
  • the optical path of a fiber optic rate sensor is provided by an optical fiber which is coiled around a spool or hub to form a winding configuration.
  • the winding configuration usually has multiple layers where each layer contains multiple turns. Although many different winding configurations are known, coils used in fiber optic rotation sensors are typically wound as quadrupoles.
  • a first end of a continuous optical fiber is wound onto a first intermediate spool, and a second end of the continuous optical fiber is wound onto a second intermediate spool.
  • the optical fiber on the first intermediate spool is used to wind a first layer of turns in a clockwise direction around the hub
  • the optical fiber on the second intermediate spool is used to wind a second layer of turns in a counterclockwise direction over the first layer
  • the optical fiber on the second intermediate spool is used to wind a third layer of turns over the second layer of turns
  • the optical fiber on the first intermediate spool is used to wind a fourth layer of turns over the third layer of turns.
  • the resulting quadrupole winding pattern has a + - - + winding configuration, where + indicates a layer wound from the first end of the optical fiber and - indicates a layer wound from the second end of the optical fiber.
  • the length of optical fiber in the "+” layers is equal to the length of optical fiber in the "-" layers.
  • This quadrupole winding pattern may be repeated as often as desired for a fiber optic rate sensor. Accordingly, if a second quadrupole is wound with + - - + layers about the first quadrupole, the resulting two quadrupole arrangement has a + - - + + - - + winding pattern.
  • the reverse quadrupole has a + - - + - + + + - winding pattern and is generally referred to as an octupole.
  • This octupole winding pattern may be repeated as often as desired for a fiber optic rotation sensor.
  • a reverse octupole may be wound according to the following winding pattern: + - - + - + + + - - + + + - + - + - +.
  • one or more layers of the coil are wound as alternating turns from first and second ends of an optical fiber. Accordingly, in such a layer, odd numbered turns are wound from a first end of the optical fiber, and even numbered turns are wound from a second end of the optical fiber.
  • the result of such winding is that each turn (other than the outer turns) of an interleaved layer is wound from one end of an optical fiber and is sandwiched between two turns wound from the other end of the optical fiber. Not all layers of a coil having an interleaved winding pattern are required to be wound with the interleaved winding pattern.
  • all of the turns of the innermost layer of the coil can be wound from the same end of the optical fiber, or one or more groups of adjacent turns of the innermost layer of the coil can be wound from the first end of the optical fiber and one or more other groups of adjacent turns of the innermost layer of the coil can be wound from the second end of the optical fiber.
  • the direction of the axis running through the hub and about which the coil is wound is generally referred to as the axial direction of the coil, and the direction perpendicular to the axial direction is generally referred to as the radial direction of the coil.
  • Coils of optical fiber typically have a large thermal expansion rate in the axial direction and a much smaller thermal expansion rate in the radial direction. If these thermal expansion rates are not matched by the structure, such as the hub, which supports the coil, performance of a fiber optic coil may be significantly degraded.
  • the present invention is directed to an arrangement where a coil and the structure that supports the coil have matching thermal expansion rates.
  • a fiber optic device comprises a support structure and a coil supported by the support structure.
  • the coil is wound from an optical fiber, and the support structure and the coil have substantially matching coefficients of thermal expansion.
  • a fiber optic device comprises a hub and a coil.
  • the hub is formed at least partially from glass.
  • the coil is supported on the hub, the coil is wound from an optical fiber, and the glass of the hub and the optical fiber of the coil have substantially matching thermal expansion rates.
  • a method of making a fiber optic sensor having a coil supported by a hub comprises the following steps: a) winding an optical fiber into the coil, wherein the optical fiber has a coefficient of thermal expansion; and, b) forming the hub so that the hub is formed from a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially matching the coefficient of thermal expansion of the optical fiber and so that the hub supports the coil.
  • a fiber optic device comprises a low thermal expansion rate support structure, a fiber optic coil supported by the low thermal expansion rate support structure, and a compliant joint between the low thermal expansion rate support structure and the fiber optic coil.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the present invention in which a fiber optic coil is attached externally to a hub having thermal expansion rates substantially matching the thermal expansion rates of the fiber optic coil;
  • Figure 2 illustrates an end view of the first embodiment of the present invention illustrated in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention in which a fiber optic coil is attached internally to a hub having thermal expansion rates substantially matching the thermal expansion rates of the fiber optic coil;
  • Figure 4 illustrates an end view of the second embodiment of the present invention illustrated in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 illustrates a third embodiment of the present invention in which a fiber optic coil is attached externally to a hub having thermal expansion rates substantially matching the thermal expansion rates of the fiber optic coil;
  • Figure 6 illustrates a fourth embodiment of the present invention in which a fiber optic coil is attached to a hub having a glass fiber outer cylinder bonded with compliant adhesive to a low expansion inner support structure such that the hub's external interface has thermal expansion rates substantially matching the thermal expansion rates of the fiber optic coil;
  • Figure 7 illustrates a first exemplary winding pattern which may be used in connection with the fiber optic coils shown in Figures 1 - 6;
  • Figure 8 illustrates a second exemplary winding pattern which may be used in connection with the fiber optic coils shown in Figures 1 - 6;
  • Figure 9 illustrates a third exemplary winding pattern which may be used in connection with the fiber optic coils shown in Figures 1 - 6.
  • a fiber optic rate sensor 10 includes a sensing coil 12 wound around a hub 14 in any predetermined winding configuration.
  • the fiber optic rate sensor 10 has an axial direction 16 and a radial direction 18.
  • An optical fiber is used to wind the sensing coil 12 in multiple layers with each layer having multiple turns.
  • the coil 12 is suitably attached to the hub 14.
  • the hub 14 is formed from materials so as to have coefficients of thermal expansion substantially matching the coefficients of thermal expansion of the sensing coil 12 in both the axial direction 16 and the radial direction 18.
  • the hub 14 may be a mounting structure wound from a glass fiber which is the same as, or substantially similar to, the optical fiber that is used to wind the sensing coil 12.
  • the glass fiber used to wind the hub 14 may be coated with a buffer material and treated with adhesive so that, after curing, the hub 14 will be a rigid support structure upon which the sensing coil 12 can be wound.
  • the hub 14 may be a mounting structure having a plurality of glass laminations bonded together by epoxy.
  • the hub 14 has a thermal expansion rate which is the same as, or similar to, the thermal expansion rate of the sensing coil 12 in both the axial direction 16 and the radial direction 18. Because the thermal expansion rates of the sensing coil 12 and the hub 14 substantially match, performance of the fiber optic rate sensor 10 is not significantly degraded due to changing temperature conditions along the axial direction 16 and/or the radial direction 18.
  • An adhesive layer may be provided at the interface between the sensing coil 12 and the hub 14 in order to bond the sensing coil 12 to the hub 14.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a second embodiment of the present invention in the form of a fiber optic rate sensor 20.
  • the fiber optic rate sensor 20 has a sensing coil 22 attached internally to a hub 24.
  • the hub 24 may be formed from materials similar to the materials used to form the hub 14 of the fiber optic rate sensor 10. Accordingly, the thermal expansion rates of the sensing coil 22 and the hub 24 substantially match.
  • An adhesive layer may be provided at the interface between the sensing coil 22 and the hub 24 in order to bond the sensing coil 22 to the hub 24.
  • Figure 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention in the form of a fiber optic rate sensor 30.
  • the fiber optic rate sensor 30 includes a sensing coil 32 wound about a hub 34.
  • the hub 34 is in the shape of a spool having end flanges 36 and 38 and a center cylindrical section 40.
  • An adhesive layer may be provided between the sensing coil 32 and the end flanges 36 and 38 in order to bond the sensing coil 32 to the hub 34.
  • the adhesive layer may be provided between the sensing coil 32 and the center cylindrical section 40 of the hub 34 in order to bond the sensing coil 32 to the hub 34.
  • an adhesive layer may be provided between the sensing coil 32 and the end flanges 36 and 38 as well as the center cylindrical section 40.
  • the hub 34 may be formed from materials similar to the materials used to form the hubs 14 and 24.
  • FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention in the form of a fiber optic rate sensor 50.
  • the fiber optic rate sensor 50 includes a sensing coil 52 wound about a hub having an inner hub 54 and an outer hub 56.
  • the outer hub 56 may be formed by winding a glass fiber around the inner hub 54.
  • the optical fiber used to wind the outer hub 56 is preferably the same as, or substantially similar to, the optical fiber that is used to wind the sensing coil 52.
  • the optical fiber used to wind the outer hub 56 may be bonded to the inner hub 54 with a compliant adhesive.
  • the inner hub 54 may have a low thermal expansion rate and may be fabricated using (i) a sintered powder such as copper and tungsten, or copper and molybdenum, or the like, (ii) an alloy such as MonelTM or stainless steel or titanium, or the like, or (iii) co-fired ceramics such as MycorTM or the like.
  • a sintered powder such as copper and tungsten, or copper and molybdenum, or the like
  • an alloy such as MonelTM or stainless steel or titanium, or the like
  • co-fired ceramics such as MycorTM or the like.
  • the sensing coil 52 and the hub 54/56 have substantially matching thermal expansion rates.
  • Hub and coil configurations other than those shown in Figures 1-6 may be provided according to the present invention.
  • other materials may be used for the hub of a fiber optic rate sensor in accordance with the present invention as long as the thermal expansion rates of the hub substantially matches the thermal expansion rates of the coil of such fiber optic rate sensor.
  • the sensing coils of a fiber optic rate sensor may have various winding configurations. Three such winding configurations are shown by way of example in Figures 7, 8, and 9.
  • a winding configuration 60 shown in Figure 7 is generally referred to as a quadrupole winding arrangement.
  • the winding configuration 60 specifically comprises a plurality of quadrupoles wound sequentially about a center line 62.
  • Each layer of the winding configuration 60 represents a plurality of turns wound from an optical fiber.
  • the turns in a layer without x's represent turns wound from one end of the optical fiber, and the turns in a layer with x's represent turns wound from the other end of the optical fiber.
  • the turns of a first layer 64 are wound from a first end of an optical fiber
  • the turns of a second layer 66 are wound from a second end of the optical fiber
  • the turns of a third layer 68 are wound from the second end of the optical fiber
  • the turns of a fourth layer 70 are wound from the first end of the optical fiber to form a first quadrupole of the winding configuration 60.
  • a second quadrupole is wound about the first quadrupole.
  • the second quadrupole includes layers 72, 74, 76, and 78. As can be seen from Figure 7, the layers 72, 74, 76, and 78 are wound in the same configuration as the layers 64, 66, 68, and 70.
  • a winding configuration 80 is shown in Figure 8 and is an octupole winding configuration.
  • An octupole winding configuration generally has a first four layers wound as a conventional quadrupole, and a second four layer wound as a reverse quadrupole. Accordingly, the winding configuration 80 has layers 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, and 96.
  • Each layer comprises a plurality of turns wound from an optical fiber having first and second ends.
  • the turns of the layer 82 are wound from a first end of the optical fiber
  • the turns of the layer 84 are wound from a second end of the optical fiber
  • the turns of the layer 86 are wound from the second end of the optical fiber
  • the turns of the layer 88 are wound from the first end of the optical fiber
  • the turns of the layer 90 are wound from the second end of the optical fiber
  • the turns of the layer 92 are wound from the first end of the optical fiber
  • the turns of the layer 94 are wound from the first end of the optical fiber
  • a winding configuration 130 is shown in Figure 9 and is an interleaved winding configuration.
  • the winding configuration 130 includes layers 132, 134, 136, 138, 140, 142, 144, 146, and 148.
  • the turns of the layer 132 are wound from a first optical fiber, and the turns of the layers 134, 136, 138, 140, 142, 144, 146, and 148 are wound from a second optical fiber. Accordingly, the turns in the layer 132 are not a functional part of the winding configuration 130, although the turns in the layer 132 could be functional.
  • the first optical fiber that is used to wind the turns of the layer 132 has an outer diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the second optical fiber which is used to wind the layers 134, 136, 138, 140, 142, 144, 146, and 148.
  • the layers 134-148 include alternate turns wound from the first and second ends of the second optical fiber.
  • a specific interleaved winding pattern for the layers 134-148 is shown in Figure 9, although other interleaved winding patterns can be employed. Examples of interleaved winding patterns are taught in U.S. Application 08/668,485, which was filed on June 21, 1996, and which has been allowed by the U.S. patent and Trademark Office. The disclosure of U.S. Application 08/668,485 is incorporated by reference herein.
  • a sensing coil could be wound onto a low thermal expansion rate hub using a compliant joint between the sensing coil and the hub.
  • This compliant joint reduces stress on the sensing coil caused by differences in axial thermal expansion rates between the sensing coil and the hub.
  • the compliant joint may be a compliant adhesive.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de fibre optique comprenant un noyau qui supporte un enroulement. L'enroulement est effectué à l'aide d'une fibre optique possédant un certain coefficient de dilatation. Le noyau est formé d'un matériau dont le coefficient de dilatation correspond pratiquement au coefficient de dilatation de la fibre optique.
PCT/US1999/026516 1998-12-08 1999-11-09 Enroulement de fibre optique et noyau a coefficients de dilatation correspondants WO2000036441A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000588625A JP2002532727A (ja) 1998-12-08 1999-11-09 光ファイバコイル及び熱膨張の整合係数を有するハブ
EP99971635A EP1141752A2 (fr) 1998-12-08 1999-11-09 Enroulement de fibre optique et noyau a coefficients de dilatation correspondants
CA002354548A CA2354548A1 (fr) 1998-12-08 1999-11-09 Enroulement de fibre optique et noyau a coefficients de dilatation correspondants

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US20685598A 1998-12-08 1998-12-08
US09/206,855 1998-12-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000036441A2 true WO2000036441A2 (fr) 2000-06-22
WO2000036441A3 WO2000036441A3 (fr) 2000-11-23

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1999/026516 WO2000036441A2 (fr) 1998-12-08 1999-11-09 Enroulement de fibre optique et noyau a coefficients de dilatation correspondants

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP1141752A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002532727A (fr)
CA (1) CA2354548A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000036441A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006130397A1 (fr) * 2005-05-27 2006-12-07 Honeywell International Inc. Procede d'enroulement de bobine de detection et bobine de detection de gyroscopes a fibres optiques
WO2016170271A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Ixblue Procédé de fabrication d'une bobine de fibre optique, bobine de fibre optique et interféromètre à fibre optique

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5181270A (en) * 1991-08-09 1993-01-19 Hughes Aircraft Company Optical fiber canister
US5486922A (en) * 1994-12-20 1996-01-23 Litton Systems, Inc. Sensor coil with thermomechanically-matched spool for fiber optic gyroscope
EP0694761A1 (fr) * 1992-08-31 1996-01-31 Litton Systems, Inc. Bobine captrice d'un gyroscope à fibre optique
EP0747741A2 (fr) * 1995-06-07 1996-12-11 Hughes Missile Systems Company Dispenseur pour fibre optique avec couche de compensation de l'expansion thermique
US5657411A (en) * 1995-12-15 1997-08-12 Honeywell Inc. Negative trimming of fiber optic winding

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5181270A (en) * 1991-08-09 1993-01-19 Hughes Aircraft Company Optical fiber canister
EP0694761A1 (fr) * 1992-08-31 1996-01-31 Litton Systems, Inc. Bobine captrice d'un gyroscope à fibre optique
US5486922A (en) * 1994-12-20 1996-01-23 Litton Systems, Inc. Sensor coil with thermomechanically-matched spool for fiber optic gyroscope
EP0747741A2 (fr) * 1995-06-07 1996-12-11 Hughes Missile Systems Company Dispenseur pour fibre optique avec couche de compensation de l'expansion thermique
US5657411A (en) * 1995-12-15 1997-08-12 Honeywell Inc. Negative trimming of fiber optic winding

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006130397A1 (fr) * 2005-05-27 2006-12-07 Honeywell International Inc. Procede d'enroulement de bobine de detection et bobine de detection de gyroscopes a fibres optiques
US7369246B2 (en) 2005-05-27 2008-05-06 Honeywell Bnternational Inc. Method for winding sensing coils and sensing coil for fiber optic gyroscopes
WO2016170271A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Ixblue Procédé de fabrication d'une bobine de fibre optique, bobine de fibre optique et interféromètre à fibre optique
FR3035388A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-28 Ixblue Procede de fabrication d'une bobine de fibre optique, bobine de fibre optique et interferometre a fibre optique
US10189672B2 (en) 2015-04-21 2019-01-29 Ixblue Method for producing an optical fiber coil, optical fiber coil and optical fiber interferometer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002532727A (ja) 2002-10-02
CA2354548A1 (fr) 2000-06-22
WO2000036441A3 (fr) 2000-11-23
EP1141752A2 (fr) 2001-10-10

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