WO2000030446A1 - Dosage formulations for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors - Google Patents
Dosage formulations for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000030446A1 WO2000030446A1 PCT/US1999/027481 US9927481W WO0030446A1 WO 2000030446 A1 WO2000030446 A1 WO 2000030446A1 US 9927481 W US9927481 W US 9927481W WO 0030446 A1 WO0030446 A1 WO 0030446A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- carbon atoms
- acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
- galanthamine
- groups
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/28—Dragees; Coated pills or tablets, e.g. with film or compression coating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/02—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for peripheral neuropathies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to dosage forms for cholinesterase inhibitors that will assist in obviating some of the undesirable side effects of use of such drugs and in methods of administering such drugs for this purpose.
- the object of the present invention is to time the release of acetylcholinesterase- inhibiting medication so as to provide it on a suitable physiological schedule, for example to ensure that it can be taken while a patient is awake in the evening and will be acting at the time of expected awakening in the morning and to provide dosage forms suitable for this purpose.
- the present invention provides dosage forms of a pharmaceutical composition which comprise an effective amount of an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor wherein the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor is formulated so as to delay its activity for a specified period. For example in one aspect such delay will be for a period of four to twelve hours so that a dose may be administered to the patient in the evening and allow a night's sleep before the acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor becomes active in the morning.
- the duration of delay chosen will depend upon the exact way in which it is chosen to administer the drug. For example if it is intended to administer the drug with an evening meal taken at, say 6:30 in the evening a twelve hour delay may be appropriate if one wishes the drug to be active the following morning. If the desired time of administration is bed time, however, a six or seven hour delay may be more useful.
- the present invention provides a method of treatment of a patient suffering from a disease or condition in which it is desirable to administer a centrally acting acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, such as Alzheimer's disease, which comprises administering a dosage form of a pharmaceutical composition which comprises an effective amount of an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor wherein the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor is formulated so as to delay its activity for a specified period prior to acetylcholinesterase inhibition being desired.
- a centrally acting acetylcholinesterase inhibitor such as Alzheimer's disease
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors of use in the present invention are those that have a central effect and have a medium duration of action (typically from 2 to 12 hours) for the treatment of diseases where acetylcholinesterase inhibiting activity in the brain is desired, especially in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
- Suitable acetylcholinesterase inhibitors will typically have a half life in the body of from 1 to 11 hours and once released from the dosage form will pass easily through the blood-brain barrier.
- the most suitable compounds for this purpose are galanthamine, lycoramine and their analogs wherein wherein at least one of the methoxy, hydro xy or methyl groups of the galanthamine or lycoramine is replaced as follows: the methoxy group by another alkoxy group of from one to six carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, hydrogen, an alkanoyloxy group, a benzoyloxy or substituted benzoyloxy group, a carbonate group or a carbamate group; the hydroxy group by an alkoxy group of from one to six carbon atoms, hydrogen, an alkanoyloxy group, a benzoyloxy or substituted benzoyloxy group, a carbonate group or a carbamate group; the N-methyl group by hydrogen, alkyl, benzyl, cyclopropylmethyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted benzoyloxy group.
- said group may be selected from alkyl or alkoxy groups of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, halo groups, and haloalkyl groups such as trifluoromethyl.
- One or more of the methoxy, hydroxy and methyl groups of galanthamine or lycoramine may be replaced by the groups noted above.
- Suitable analogs are described for example in International Patent Publication WO88/08708 and an article by Bores and Kosley in Drugs of the Future 21 : 621-631 (1996)
- Other useful pharmacologic agents for such preparations include rivastigmine, and other pharmacologic agents with half lives of 1-11 hours.
- Particularly useful analogs of galanthamine and lycoramine that are of use in the present invention include analogs thereof wherein the methoxy group of such compounds is replaced by a hydrogen, hydroxy or alkoxy group of from two to six carbon atoms or an acyloxy group, for example an alkanoyloxy or benzoyl group, of from one to seven carbon atoms or where methoxy group thereof is replaced by a mono or dialkyl carbamate or carbonate group wherein the alkyl groups contain from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably of from 4 to 6 carbon atoms or wherein the methoxy group thereof is replaced by an aryl carbamate or carbonate group wherein said aryl group is selected from phenyl, naphthyl, substituted phenyl and substituted naphthyl groups wherein said substituent is selected from alkyl and alkoxy groups of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, trifluoro methyl groups and halo groups.
- Other useful analogs include compounds wherein, independently of whether or not the methoxy group has been replaced, the hydroxy group is replaced by an alkoxy group of from one to six carbon atoms, hydrogen, an acyloxy group, for example an alkanoyloxy group, typically of from 1 to 7 carbon atoms, a benzoyloxy or substituted benzoyloxy group wherein said substituent is selected from alkyl and alkoxy groups of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, trifluoro methyl groups and halo groups, a carbonate group or a carbamate group which may be a mono or dialkyl or an aryl carbamate or carbonate wherein the alkyl groups contain from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably of from 4 to 6 carbon atoms or said aryl group is selected from phenyl, naphthyl, substituted phenyl and substituted naphthyl groups wherein said substituent is selected from alkyl and alkoxy groups of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, tri
- the present invention will be in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, it is also suitable for treatment of other diseases or conditions in which there is need for increased brain acetyl choline levels after a defined period. Thus it may find use, for example for healthy persons who have need for increased acetyl choline levels some specified time in the future, for example workers changing from a day shift to a night shift or vice- versa.
- Alzheimer's disease the primary and universal neurochemical abnormality is a deficit of acetylcholine.
- the normal pattern of brain acetylcholine is elevated release just before and during the time of activity, and reduced release during sleep.
- the brain content of acetylcholine exhibits a reciprocal relationship with release patterns, presumably representing stored neurotransmitter.
- acetylcholinesterase activity which keeps synaptic acetylcholine concentrations low, peaks during the subjective night, and is lowest during activity periods.
- Preparations for treatment of Alzheimer's disease may stimulate intestinal peristalsis as they are released, thus promoting their own passage through the gastrointestinal tract.
- a second, similarly timed tablet to deliver an anticholinergic agent designed to remain outside the blood brain barrier, in order to reduce gastrointestinal motility.
- the anticholinergic tablet might contain, for example, probanthine, 7.5-60 mg, or robinul 1 to 8 mg.
- a desirable formulation for an Alzheimer patient for whom sleeping hours of 11 pm to 7 am are desirable might be a pill which could be taken at bedtime and begin to release galanthamine at 5 am at a rate of 3 mg (measured as base) per hour for 4 hours, or 2 mg/hour for 6 hours beginning at 4 am. The same pill, taken at 7 am, would cover the daytime hours. This should allow the central nervous system to become relatively hypocholinergic at the time of desired sleep, as the half life of galanthamine has been reported to be 4.5-8 hours. (Thomsen, 1990 )
- a single pill may deliver a full day's medication, although there is some risk of dumping an excessive dose, which could be dangerous in the case of cholinergic medications.
- the delay before release of active medication could be chosen between one and 11 hours depending on whether the pill is to be taken at dinner or bedtime.
- pharmacologic agents for such preparations include galanthamine, rivastigmine, and other pharmacologic agents with half lives of 1-11 hours.
- Dosage units for twice daily administration should contain from 4-16 mg of galanthamine (as base), or 2-10 mg of rivastigmine, both of which should be doubled in the case of once per day dosage units.
- Dosages for other suitable agents can be determined by standard techniques such as those set out for example in Chapter 6 (by Benjamin Calesnick) of Drill's Pharmacology in Medicine (Fourth Edition Joseph R DiPalma ed, McGraw-Hill 1971 or in Chapter 6 ( by B. E. Rodda et al) of Biopharmaceutical Statistics for Drug Development (ed. Karl E.
- Anticholinergic agents could be probanthine, 7.5-60 mg, to be delivered at the same time as the cholinomimetic agents, or robinul (1 to 8 mg) or similar agents incorporated so that a typical dose is delivered within the time frame of the cholinomimetic release.
- Delayed action formulations for use in the present invention typically are those used for oral administration and include tablets, capsules, caplets and other convenient devices. Such dosage units may be prepared by methods well known to those skilled in the art, such as those described in Sustained Release Medications by J.C. Johnson, Noyes Data Corporation, 1980, and an article by Conte et al in Biomaterials 1993 vol 14 pages 1017 to 1023 entitled Press-coated tablets for time-programmed release of drugs, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- the active compounds may be coated or incorporated in a matrix which controls the elapse of between administration of the dose and the time at which release is desired.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000583344A JP5558648B2 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-11-19 | Administration formulation for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors |
CA002351347A CA2351347A1 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-11-19 | Dosage formulations for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors |
US09/856,282 US7939522B1 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-11-19 | Dosage formulations for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors |
EP99960513A EP1133230A4 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-11-19 | Dosage formulations for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors |
AU17388/00A AU1738800A (en) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-11-19 | Dosage formulations for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10961198P | 1998-11-23 | 1998-11-23 | |
US60/109,611 | 1998-11-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000030446A1 true WO2000030446A1 (en) | 2000-06-02 |
Family
ID=22328601
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1999/027481 WO2000030446A1 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-11-19 | Dosage formulations for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7939522B1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1133230A4 (en) |
JP (2) | JP5558648B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU1738800A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2351347A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000030446A1 (en) |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1272190A2 (en) | 2000-04-03 | 2003-01-08 | Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. | A use of galantamine for the treatment of alzheimer's disease; targeting the underlying cause of the disease |
EP1272192A2 (en) | 2000-04-03 | 2003-01-08 | Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. | A use of galantamine for the treatment of neuropsychiatric behaviour associated with alzheimer's disease |
WO2006013546A2 (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-09 | Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited | Process for the preparation of pure galantamine |
US7160559B1 (en) | 1998-12-24 | 2007-01-09 | Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. | Controlled release galantamine composition |
WO2008055945A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Probiodrug Ag | 3-hydr0xy-1,5-dihydr0-pyrr0l-2-one derivatives as inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase for the treatment of ulcer, cancer and other diseases |
WO2008065141A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2008-06-05 | Probiodrug Ag | Novel inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase |
WO2008104580A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 | 2008-09-04 | Probiodrug Ag | New use of glutaminyl cyclase inhibitors |
US7939522B1 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 2011-05-10 | Bonnie M Davis | Dosage formulations for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors |
WO2011100373A1 (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-18 | The Johns Hopkins University | Methods and compositions for improving cognitive function |
WO2011107530A2 (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-09-09 | Probiodrug Ag | Novel inhibitors |
WO2011110613A1 (en) | 2010-03-10 | 2011-09-15 | Probiodrug Ag | Heterocyclic inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase (qc, ec 2.3.2.5) |
WO2011131748A2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2011-10-27 | Probiodrug Ag | Novel inhibitors |
WO2012123563A1 (en) | 2011-03-16 | 2012-09-20 | Probiodrug Ag | Benz imidazole derivatives as inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase |
US20130210808A1 (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2013-08-15 | Galantos Pharma Gmbh | Cholinergic enhancers with improved blood-brain barrier permeability for the treatment of diseases accompanied by cognitive impairment |
WO2014144801A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Agenebio Inc. | Methods and compositions for improving cognitive function |
EP2865670A1 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2015-04-29 | Probiodrug AG | Thiourea derivatives as glutaminyl cyclase inhibitors |
EP2010158B1 (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2016-02-17 | Alphapharm Pty Ltd. | Controlled release formulations comprising uncoated discrete unit(s) and an extended release matrix |
US10154988B2 (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2018-12-18 | The Johns Hopkins University | Methods and compositions for treating schizophrenia |
US10159648B2 (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2018-12-25 | Agenebio, Inc. | Extended release pharmaceutical compositions of levetiracetam |
EP3461819A1 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-03 | Probiodrug AG | Inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase |
US10806717B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2020-10-20 | The Johns Hopkins University | Methods and compositions for improving cognitive function |
EP2961392B1 (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2020-10-28 | Lupin Limited | Pharmaceutical compositions of donepezil having specific in vitro dissolution profile or pharmacokinetics parameters |
EP2961393B1 (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2020-10-28 | Lupin Limited | Pharmaceutical compositions of donepezil having specific in vitro dissolution profile or pharmacokinetics parameters |
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JP5273731B2 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2013-08-28 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Biorhythm control agent |
CN114869920B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2024-02-20 | 暨南大学 | Huperzia serrata extract with acetylcholinesterase inhibition effect, and preparation method and application thereof |
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1999
- 1999-11-19 EP EP99960513A patent/EP1133230A4/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-11-19 JP JP2000583344A patent/JP5558648B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-19 WO PCT/US1999/027481 patent/WO2000030446A1/en active Application Filing
- 1999-11-19 CA CA002351347A patent/CA2351347A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-19 AU AU17388/00A patent/AU1738800A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-19 US US09/856,282 patent/US7939522B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-11-19 EP EP10011526A patent/EP2311441A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2011
- 2011-08-26 JP JP2011184664A patent/JP2012025754A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Cited By (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7939522B1 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 2011-05-10 | Bonnie M Davis | Dosage formulations for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors |
US7160559B1 (en) | 1998-12-24 | 2007-01-09 | Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. | Controlled release galantamine composition |
EP1272192A2 (en) | 2000-04-03 | 2003-01-08 | Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. | A use of galantamine for the treatment of neuropsychiatric behaviour associated with alzheimer's disease |
EP1272190A2 (en) | 2000-04-03 | 2003-01-08 | Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. | A use of galantamine for the treatment of alzheimer's disease; targeting the underlying cause of the disease |
WO2006013546A3 (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-05-11 | Ranbaxy Lab Ltd | Process for the preparation of pure galantamine |
WO2006013546A2 (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-09 | Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited | Process for the preparation of pure galantamine |
US10265325B2 (en) | 2005-09-22 | 2019-04-23 | Neurodyn Life Sciences Inc. | Cholinergic enhancers with improved blood-brain barrier permeability for the treatment of diseases accompanied by cognitive impairment |
US9763953B2 (en) | 2005-09-22 | 2017-09-19 | Neurodyn Life Sciences Inc. | Cholinergic enhancers with improved blood-brain barrier permeability for the treatment of diseases accompanied by cognitive impairment |
US20130210808A1 (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2013-08-15 | Galantos Pharma Gmbh | Cholinergic enhancers with improved blood-brain barrier permeability for the treatment of diseases accompanied by cognitive impairment |
EP2010158B1 (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2016-02-17 | Alphapharm Pty Ltd. | Controlled release formulations comprising uncoated discrete unit(s) and an extended release matrix |
WO2008055945A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Probiodrug Ag | 3-hydr0xy-1,5-dihydr0-pyrr0l-2-one derivatives as inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase for the treatment of ulcer, cancer and other diseases |
WO2008065141A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2008-06-05 | Probiodrug Ag | Novel inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase |
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US7939522B1 (en) | 2011-05-10 |
EP2311441A1 (en) | 2011-04-20 |
CA2351347A1 (en) | 2000-06-02 |
AU1738800A (en) | 2000-06-13 |
JP2012025754A (en) | 2012-02-09 |
EP1133230A1 (en) | 2001-09-19 |
JP2002530300A (en) | 2002-09-17 |
EP1133230A4 (en) | 2004-05-26 |
JP5558648B2 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
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