WO2000029525A1

WO2000029525A1 - Use of di- and triamines as lubricants

Info

Publication number: WO2000029525A1
Application number: PCT/EP1999/008390
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gerhard Crass
Original assignee: Clariant Gmbh
Priority date: 1998-11-17
Filing date: 1999-11-03
Publication date: 2000-05-25
Also published as: AU1269100A; DE19852964A1

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of compounds of formula (1) as lubricants, said compounds being in quantities of 0.001 to 5 wt. % in aqueous solution in relation to the final lubricant. R1 means a linear or branched C¿8?-C22-alkyl oralkenyl, R?2¿ means hydrogen, a radical of formula -(A-O)¿x?-H or a radical of formula -R?3¿-N[(A-O)¿x?H]2, A representing C2-C4-alkylene, R?3¿ means a linear or branched C¿1?-C8-alkylene and R?4 and R5¿ either both mean hydrogen or both mean a radical of formula -(A-O)¿x?-H, x being a whole number from 1 to 10 in each case, with the requirement that the compounds of formula (1) contain at least 2 groups of formula (A-O).

Description

Use of di- and triamines as lubricants

The present invention relates to the use of ethoxylated fatty alkyl diamines or triamines as lubricants, in particular chain lubricants.

Lubricants are used to coat surfaces of different materials, such as metal, glass etc. with a film and to minimize friction, for example in conveyor belts in filling systems (chain lubricants). Soaps, in particular potash-based soaps, are frequently used as chain lubricants, but they have the disadvantage of forming poorly soluble precipitates with cations, predominantly with the calcium ions present in hard water.

An alternative to the soaps for use as chain lubricants are amines, as described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 4,839,067, 4,521,321, 4604,720 and AU-A-10004/83. These are insensitive to cations, but with anions such as carbonate or sulfate ions they form precipitates which impair the sliding action.

EP-A-0 372 628 discloses the use of diamines which are not alkoxylated as chain lubricants. The document also discloses the use of alkoxylated diamines as dispersants in amounts of 0 to 1 wt .-%. The document contains no indication that the alkoxylated diamines are suitable as lubricants.

The task was therefore to develop high-performance lubricants which are insensitive to anionic and cationic salt-like components, such as calcium, sulfate and carbonate ions, but which should have a comparable lubricating effect.

Surprisingly, it was found that aqueous solutions containing ethoxylated di- and / or triamines have excellent chain lubricants reduced tendency to form precipitation. They also have a desired antimicrobial effect.

The invention thus relates to the use of compounds of the formula 1

R ¹ . - R ³ - N - R "

(1)

in amounts of 0.001 to 5% by weight in aqueous solution as a lubricant, based on the finished lubricant, in which R ^{1 is} linear or branched C ₈ -C ₂₂ alkyl or alkenyl,

R ^{2 is} hydrogen, a radical of the formula - (AO) _x -H or a radical of the formula

-R ³ denotes -N [(AO) _x H] ₂ , in which A represents C ₂ -C ₄ alkylene,

R ^{3 is} linear or branched C ₈ alkylene,

R ⁴ and R ⁵ either both represent hydrogen or both represent a radical of the formula - (AO) _x -H, x each represents an integer from 1 to 10, with the proviso that the

Compounds of formula 1 contain at least 2 groups of formula (A-O).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, R ^{1 is} linear or branched C10-C ₂₀ -, in particular linear or branched C ₂ -C 8 -alkyl. A preferably represents an ethylene group. R ³ preferably denotes a linear or branched C 1 -C 4 alkylene group. R ⁴ and R ⁵ are preferably a radical of the formula (AO) _x -H.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, compounds of the formula 2 are used as lubricants

(A-0) _x -H

_R ι. - R ³ - N ⁽²⁾

(A-0) _x -H (A-0) _x -H R ¹ , A and R ³ have the meaning given above. The degree of alkoxylation x can assume different values at the 3 alkoxylated positions. In a preferred embodiment, the total degree of alkoxylation, ie the sum of all alkoxy units, is an integer between 3 and 10.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, compounds of the formula 3 are used as lubricants.

R ¹ , A and R ³ have the meaning given above. The degree of alkoxylation x can assume different values at the 4 alkoxylated positions. In a preferred embodiment, the total degree of alkoxylation is an integer between 4 and 15.

According to the invention, the use of at least one compound of formula 1.

More than one compound of formula 1 can also be used.

If you use more than one such connection, it is

Total weight 0.001 to 5 wt .-%, based on the weight of the

Lubricant.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention 0.1 to 3, in particular 0.5 to 1 wt .-% of the compounds of formula 1 in aqueous

Solution used as a lubricant.

In addition to the amines described above, the aqueous preparations used according to the invention can contain further additives customary for lubricants, for example further fatty alkylamines, acids such as acetic acid for pH adjustment, dispersing agents, solvents or solubilizers, sequestering agents, antimicrobial agents, etc. Low tendency towards precipitation, little foaming and good antimicrobial properties of the aqueous preparations used according to the invention make it possible to keep the addition of further additives low. The cleaning of plants in which the composition according to the invention is used is only necessary at large time intervals.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, organic acids, for example formic acid, acetic acid, glutaric acid, are added to the aqueous solution of the compounds of formula 1 to improve the solubility of the fatty alkylamines used according to the invention. A pH in the range from 5 to 8, in particular 6 to 8, is preferably set by adding the acid (s). For this purpose, preferably 0.001% by weight to 1% by weight, in particular 0.005% by weight to 0.1% by weight, of acid, based on the aqueous preparation, is added.

Organic solvents, preferably monohydric or polyhydric alcohols with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, in particular isopropanol, ethanol, glycols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, can be used in amounts of 0 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight .-%, based on the finished agent used. Dispersants, for example triethanolamine, are preferably added to the aqueous lubricants in the amounts by weight of 0 to 1%, in particular 0.001 to 0.5%, particularly preferably 0.005 to 0.1%.

The lubricants are preferably produced as concentrates with 1 to 30% by weight of the compounds of the formula 1, based on the finished composition, and immediately before use with water or water-miscible solvents, such as ethanol, isopropanol, glycols or mixtures of these solvents and water, diluted.

Examples

Four different chain lubricants according to the invention were formulated and checked for their lubricating properties. The following diamines were used

10% by weight of aqueous solutions were prepared from the amines of Examples 1 to 4 and were neutralized with acetic acid. For the technical application test, the concentrate thus obtained was diluted 1: 300 by volume with tap water. The comparative soap-based lubricant was diluted with demineralized water.

The application-related testing of the sliding properties was carried out by measuring the pressure that a certain number of bottles exerts on a permanently installed balance on a bottle conveyor belt that was lubricated with the lubricant to be tested. The measured value obtained in grams is a measure of the friction of the bottle conveyor belt on its guide. The lower the measured value, the lower the friction. Measured values for the friction as a function of time and pH were recorded.

Example friction in g at No. pH 10 pH 7-8 pH 6.0

60 min start 5 min 10 min 30 min 60 min

1 3000 3250 4000 4750 - 5000

2 - 2000 - 1400 1350 -

3 2000 3250 1750 1750 - 3000

4 1600 2250 2250 2000 - 3000

5 1300 g after 60 min

Claims

Claims:

1. Use of compounds of formula 1

R ⁱ - N - R - N - R "d) R2 R ⁵

in amounts of 0.001 to 5% by weight in aqueous solution as a lubricant, based on the finished lubricant, in which

R ^{1 is} linear or branched C ₈ -C ₂₂ alkyl or alkenyl,

R ^{2 is} hydrogen, a radical of the formula - (AO) _x -H or a radical of the formula -R ³ -N [(AO) _x H] ₂ , in which A is C ₂ -C ₄ -alkylene,

R ³ denotes linear or branched Ci-Cs-alkylene,

R ⁴ and R ⁵ either both hydrogen or both a radical of the formula

- (AO) _x -H mean, x each means an integer from 1 to 10, with the proviso that the compounds of formula 1 contain at least 2 groups of formula (AO).

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that R ^{1 represents} a branched or linear C ^ -C ^ alkyl or alkenyl group.

3. Use according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that R ^{2 represents} an ethoxy group.

4. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that R ^{3 represents} a linear or branched C 1 -C ₄ alkylene group.

5. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the use of compounds of formula 2 (A-0) _x -H

R ⁱ - N - R - N (2)

(A-0) _x -H

wherein R ¹ , X, A and R ^{3 have} the meaning given in claim 1.

6. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the use of compounds of formula 3

wherein R ¹ , X, A and R ^{3 have} the meaning given in claim 1.

7. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that the degree of alkoxylation x can assume different values at each alkoxylated position, and the sum of all alkoxy units is a number between 3 and 10.

8. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that the degree of alkoxylation x can assume different values at each alkoxylated position, and the sum of all alkoxy units is a number between 4 and 15.

9. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized by a content of 0.1 to 3 wt .-% of compounds of formula 1 in the aqueous solution.

10. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized by a content of the aqueous solution of mono- or polyhydric alcohols with 1 to 8 carbon atoms of up to 20 wt .-%, based on the finished lubricant.

11. Use of a lubricant concentrate containing 1 to 30 wt .-% of compounds of formula 1 for the production of a lubricant.