WO2000021730A1 - Method and apparatus for blow moulding - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for blow moulding Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000021730A1 WO2000021730A1 PCT/FI1999/000841 FI9900841W WO0021730A1 WO 2000021730 A1 WO2000021730 A1 WO 2000021730A1 FI 9900841 W FI9900841 W FI 9900841W WO 0021730 A1 WO0021730 A1 WO 0021730A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- regulating
- regulating cavity
- cavity
- volume
- piston
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
- B29C48/33—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles with parts rotatable relative to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
- B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/12—Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
- B29C48/325—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92514—Pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/9258—Velocity
- B29C2948/926—Flow or feed rate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92609—Dimensions
- B29C2948/92647—Thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92904—Die; Nozzle zone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
- B29C49/04—Extrusion blow-moulding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/22—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or parisons
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for blow moulding, in which method an annular parison is formed, the annular parison is fed into a mould and air is blown into the parison.
- the invention further relates to a blow moulding apparatus comprising an extruder to form an annular parison, means for feeding the annular parison into a mould and means for blowing air into the parison.
- blow moulding hollow articles, such as bottles, are manufactured.
- an annular parison is fed into a mould and air is blown into the parison in order to produce an article whose outer surface is shaped by the mould.
- the wall thickness of the article is determined by the width of a die opening in the blow moulding apparatus. If the wall thickness of the article needs to be varied on different sections of the article, a cone- shaped object is arranged in connection with the die, which object is moved back and forth to change the width of the flow outlet of the die.
- the regulation of the width of the die opening affects the counterpressure of the material in the apparatus, whereby the optimal operation of the apparatus is disturbed by pressure fluctuation.
- Said cone-shaped object cannot be applied in connection with a curved die, whereby in case of holding the mould in the vertical position preferable for the filling of the mould, the extruder of the apparatus must also be held in the vertical position, and the treatment, disassembly and cleaning of the extruder become fairly difficult.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus to avoid the above disadvantages.
- the method of the invention is characterized by feeding material into a connecting channel to form the annular parison and there being a regulating cavity in the connecting channel, the volume of which regulating cavity is regulated in such a manner that when increasing the volume of the regulating cavity, more material is left in the regulating cavity, whereby exit flow decreases, and when decreasing the volume of the regulating cavity, more material is extruded from the apparatus, and the exit flow increases.
- the apparatus of the invention is further characterized in that the extruder includes a connecting channel, to which material is arranged to be fed by means of feeding means and in which connecting channel there is a regulating cavity, whereby the extruder is provided with a regulating piston ar- ranged to move in a reciprocating manner to regulate the volume of the regulating cavity in such a manner that when moving the regulating piston away from the regulating cavity, the volume of the regulating cavity increases and more material is left in the regulating cavity and thus the exit flow decreases, and when pushing the regulating piston towards the regulating cavity, the volume of the regulating cavity decreases and thus more material is extruded from the apparatus.
- the essential idea of the invention is that a connecting channel of the blow moulding apparatus, to which channel the extruder of the apparatus feeds material, is provided with a regulating cavity with a variable volume, which volume is regulated by moving the regulating piston of the apparatus back and forth.
- a connecting channel of the blow moulding apparatus to which channel the extruder of the apparatus feeds material
- a variable volume which volume is regulated by moving the regulating piston of the apparatus back and forth.
- the invention provides the advantage that the amount of exit flow and preferably the thickness profile of the wall of an article to be manufactured can be regulated quickly, simply and efficiently, and in such a manner that pressure fluctuations are not produced in the extruder of the apparatus.
- the invention also allows the use of a curved die in the apparatus, whereby the mould can be in the vertical position and yet the extruder in the horizontal position, whereby the treatment, disassembly and cleaning of the extruder are easily implemented.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic, cross-sectional side view of an apparatus of the invention and Figures 2a and 2b show schematic, cross-sectional frontal views of alternative solutions for a regulating piston to be used in the apparatus of Figure 1.
- Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional side view of the blow moulding apparatus of the invention.
- the apparatus comprises an extruder 1 and a die 2 connected to the end of the extruder.
- the material is fed as an annular parison into a mould and air is blown into it in a manner known per se to form the walls of the article into a shape determined by the mould.
- the mould is shown schematically by broken lines.
- the extruder 1 comprises an outer stator 3 and an inner stator 4, and as adapted between them, there are an outer rotor 5 and on its inner side, an inner rotor 6. Between the outer rotor 5 and the inner rotor 6 there may also be a central stator 7.
- Helical grooves are adapted to the rotors and/or the stators, and when the rotors 5 and 6 are rotating, they feed the material fed between them further forwards.
- means for feeding material between the rotors and the stators and rotating means of the rotors are not shown in the attached figure.
- the rotors 5 and 6 and the stators 3, 4 and 7 are formed as cone-shaped at least on their facing surfaces in such a manner that feed gaps that have a shape of a convergent cone are formed between the rotors and the stators.
- a mandrel 8 On the inner side of the inner stator 4, a mandrel 8 is also arranged. The material flows from the feed gaps shaped as convergent cones to a connecting channel 9. The end section of the connecting channel 9 forms a regulating cavity 10. Outside the mandrel 8, a regulating piston 11 is arranged. By moving the regulating piston 11 in the axial direction of the extruder 1 , the volume of the regulating cavity 10 can be regulated.
- the wall thickness of the article to be manufactured is mainly determined by the size of a die opening 12 of the die 2.
- the volume of the regulating cavity 10 can be increased.
- material to be extruded by the extruder 1 accumulates in the regulating cavity, and at the same time the amount of material flowing out de- creases, and preferably by suitably regulating the simultaneously supplied air flow, which makes the wall of the article to be extruded thinner.
- the regulating piston 11 in Figure 1 When the regulating piston 11 in Figure 1 is moved to the left, the regulating cavity 10 contracts and at the same time the regulating piston 11 extrudes the material in the regulating cavity 10 out of the apparatus, whereby the amount of material flowing out increases and preferably by suitably regulating the air flow that is supplied simultaneously, the wall of the article to be manufactured thus becomes temporarily thicker.
- the regulating piston 11 can be made to move very fast, whereby the thickness profile of the wall of the article to be manufactured can be regulated very quickly during the process.
- the die 2 can be made to have a curved shape so as to change the direction of the material flow. Most preferably, the direction of the material flow is turned by 90°, whereby the mould can be in the vertical direction and its filling direction is from the top to the bottom, and the extruder 1 for its part can be located in the horizontal direction.
- the regulating piston 11 can be hydraulically moved back and forth.
- pressure fluid is supplied through a pressure fluid channel 14 to the first pressure fluid chamber 15.
- pressure fluid is exhausted through the second pressure fluid channel 16 from the second pressure fluid chamber 17.
- pressure fluid flows are reversed in the opposite direction.
- Means for supplying and controlling pressure fluids are obvious for a person skilled in the art, and for the sake of clarity they are not shown in the attached figure.
- Rotating means 18 are adapted to the extruder 1 to rotate the regulating piston 11.
- the rotating means 18 may comprise e.g. an electric motor rotating a cogwheel by means of an axle, whereby notches fitted to the cogwheel are adapted to the regulating piston 11 , and thus when the cogwheel is rotating, it thus rotates the regulating piston 11.
- any other solution known per se can be used as the rotating means 18 of the regulating piston 11.
- the centricity of all its stators 3, 4 and 7 and thus the thickness symmetry of the wall of the material to be extruded can be thermally regulated very easily.
- Several, at least three heating elements 19, e.g. electric resistors, are adapted to each stator 3, 4 and 7 as equally distributed around the circumference of a concentric circle.
- the heat- ing element 19 is capable of regulating the temperature of each stator section and thus of regulating the shape of the stator by utilizing heat expansion of a material. This way the centricity of the stators can be regulated in a very efficient and precise manner.
- the regulating piston 11 has an asymmetrical cross-section.
- the location can be moved where the regulating cavity 10 is at its largest, i.e. the wall thickness variation of the article can thus be regulated in the direction of the circumference.
- the walls can be made in some places thinner, which thin structures form in the thicker structures of the regulating piston 11.
- a regulating piston having a different shape has also a different kind of effect on the thickness profile when the regulating piston 11 is moved back and forth.
- a regulating piston 11 can also be made as replaceable, whereby a different kind of regulating piston 11 is used when manufacturing different articles.
- the regulating piston 11 can thus be adapted to the extruder 1 by means of threads, whereby the regulating piston 11 is moved back and forth by rotating, i.e. a back and forth movement and rotating can be imple- mented by one means. Further, the direction of rotation of the regulating piston 11 can be constantly changed, i.e. the regulating piston 11 may rotate in an oscillating manner. The oscillating distance may be suitably chosen and it can also be clearly shorter than a full round.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000575674A JP2002527257A (en) | 1998-10-12 | 1999-10-11 | Blow molding method and apparatus |
KR1020017004563A KR20010075624A (en) | 1998-10-12 | 1999-10-11 | Method and apparatus for blow moulding |
EP99949033A EP1156917A1 (en) | 1998-10-12 | 1999-10-11 | Method and apparatus for blow moulding |
PL99347155A PL347155A1 (en) | 1998-10-12 | 1999-10-11 | Method and apparatus for blow moulding |
AU62056/99A AU6205699A (en) | 1998-10-12 | 1999-10-11 | Method and apparatus for blow moulding |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI982216A FI107896B (en) | 1998-10-12 | 1998-10-12 | Blow molding method and device |
FI982216 | 1998-10-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000021730A1 true WO2000021730A1 (en) | 2000-04-20 |
Family
ID=8552696
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FI1999/000841 WO2000021730A1 (en) | 1998-10-12 | 1999-10-11 | Method and apparatus for blow moulding |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1156917A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002527257A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20010075624A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1323255A (en) |
AU (1) | AU6205699A (en) |
FI (1) | FI107896B (en) |
PL (1) | PL347155A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000021730A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1366884A1 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-03 | NDH Medical Inc. | Apparatus and method of extruding tubing having a variable wall thickness |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8408439B2 (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2013-04-02 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Surgical stapling instrument with an articulatable end effector |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3624025A (en) * | 1968-09-09 | 1971-11-30 | British Insulated Callenders | Method and apparatus for obtaining constant cross section extrudates without making measurements thereon |
US3819317A (en) * | 1972-10-30 | 1974-06-25 | Haskon Inc | Apparatus for blow molding and injecting cooling gas |
US4959001A (en) * | 1988-03-24 | 1990-09-25 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Blow molding machine with accumulator waiting time control |
US5330342A (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 1994-07-19 | Ossberger-Turbinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. | Apparatus for and method of manufacturing of preforms having a longitudinal wall with a variable cross section |
-
1998
- 1998-10-12 FI FI982216A patent/FI107896B/en active
-
1999
- 1999-10-11 CN CN99812029A patent/CN1323255A/en active Pending
- 1999-10-11 WO PCT/FI1999/000841 patent/WO2000021730A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-10-11 KR KR1020017004563A patent/KR20010075624A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-10-11 JP JP2000575674A patent/JP2002527257A/en active Pending
- 1999-10-11 EP EP99949033A patent/EP1156917A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-10-11 AU AU62056/99A patent/AU6205699A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-10-11 PL PL99347155A patent/PL347155A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3624025A (en) * | 1968-09-09 | 1971-11-30 | British Insulated Callenders | Method and apparatus for obtaining constant cross section extrudates without making measurements thereon |
US3819317A (en) * | 1972-10-30 | 1974-06-25 | Haskon Inc | Apparatus for blow molding and injecting cooling gas |
US4959001A (en) * | 1988-03-24 | 1990-09-25 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Blow molding machine with accumulator waiting time control |
US5330342A (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 1994-07-19 | Ossberger-Turbinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. | Apparatus for and method of manufacturing of preforms having a longitudinal wall with a variable cross section |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1366884A1 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-03 | NDH Medical Inc. | Apparatus and method of extruding tubing having a variable wall thickness |
US6926509B2 (en) | 2002-05-31 | 2005-08-09 | Ndh Medical, Inc. | Apparatus for extruding tubing having a variable wall thickness |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU6205699A (en) | 2000-05-01 |
KR20010075624A (en) | 2001-08-09 |
CN1323255A (en) | 2001-11-21 |
PL347155A1 (en) | 2002-03-25 |
FI982216A0 (en) | 1998-10-12 |
JP2002527257A (en) | 2002-08-27 |
FI982216A (en) | 2000-04-13 |
EP1156917A1 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
FI107896B (en) | 2001-10-31 |
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