WO2000016006A1 - Illumination system using edge-illuminated hollow waveguide and lenticular optical structures - Google Patents

Illumination system using edge-illuminated hollow waveguide and lenticular optical structures Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000016006A1
WO2000016006A1 PCT/US1999/020710 US9920710W WO0016006A1 WO 2000016006 A1 WO2000016006 A1 WO 2000016006A1 US 9920710 W US9920710 W US 9920710W WO 0016006 A1 WO0016006 A1 WO 0016006A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
illumination system
light directing
recited
hollow waveguide
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1999/020710
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Han Zou
Karl W. Beeson
Original Assignee
Alliedsignal Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alliedsignal Inc. filed Critical Alliedsignal Inc.
Priority to AT99945624T priority Critical patent/ATE283447T1/de
Priority to JP2000570502A priority patent/JP2002525791A/ja
Priority to DE69922224T priority patent/DE69922224T2/de
Priority to AU58192/99A priority patent/AU5819299A/en
Priority to CA002343281A priority patent/CA2343281C/en
Priority to EP99945624A priority patent/EP1114278B1/en
Publication of WO2000016006A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000016006A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0096—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the lights guides being of the hollow type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S385/00—Optical waveguides
    • Y10S385/901—Illuminating or display apparatus

Definitions

  • This invention relates to illumination systems, and more particularly, to an edge-lit
  • illumination system including a hollow waveguide and one or two stackingly arranged
  • LDA transparent light directing arrays
  • Luminaires or illumination systems employed in an office environment must be
  • VDT terminal
  • VDT which include part of the ceiling in the field of view.
  • ceiling luminance should not exceed ten (10) times that of the VDT screen. See, e.g.
  • Ceiling luminaires may cause: image glare, where the viewer sees the image of the
  • VDT VDT
  • uniform glare which results in a reduction of the brightness and contrast of the
  • angular viewing range not exceed 850 cd/m 2 when viewed in the lengthwise and crosswise
  • Glare problems from ceiling luminaires are exacerbated by the continued
  • Illumination systems provide a means for redirecting light output from a light source
  • the light source emits either a cone (the ' 144 patent) or a
  • angular distribution of the light output is controlled by the limited angular output of the
  • references are suited only for light sources that emit narrow beams or columns of light.
  • Patent No. 5,676,453 to Parkyn, Jr. et al. discloses an illumination system
  • a collimating totally-internally-reflective lens that redirects light rays from a
  • cut-off angles of greater than approximately 60° are not possible.
  • a luminare having two generally orthogonally arranged corrugated sheets is
  • the present invention provides an illumination system having a hollow waveguide
  • first and second light directing arrays each having a plurality of generally
  • predetermined flux i.e. intensity
  • angular distribution i.e. intensity
  • invention by the LDAs to provide an illumination system that can be configured for various reasons
  • the illumination system includes a hollow waveguide having a light input side
  • the illumination system
  • first light directing array having a first light directing feature defined
  • the first and second light directing features are arranged generally orthogonally
  • the hollow waveguide may be generally rectangular, square,
  • a single, or a plurality of light sources may be optically coupled with the hollow waveguide of the present
  • the illumination system of the present invention may comprise a generally
  • rectangular hollow waveguide having a light input side through which light rays from a light
  • a second light directing array having a second light directing feature
  • the second light directing array comprises the light output side of the hollow
  • Fig. la is a cross-sectional view of an illumination system having a single light
  • a hollow waveguide two stackingly arranged light directing arrays each having a
  • Fig. lb is a cross-sectional view of an illumination system having a single light
  • a generally polygonal hollow waveguide two stackingly arranged light directing arrays each having a light directing feature defined thereon arranged generally orthogonally
  • Fig. lc is a cross-sectional view of an illumination system having a single light
  • polygonal hollow waveguide two stackingly arranged light directing arrays each having a
  • Fig. Id is a cross-sectional view of an illumination system having a single light
  • a light source a generally polygonal hollow waveguide, a light directing array having a light
  • Fig. 2a is a cross-sectional view of an illumination system having a single light
  • a generally rectangular hollow waveguide two stackingly arranged light directing
  • arrays each having a light directing feature defined thereon arranged generally orthogonally
  • Fig. 2b is a front view or normal angular view of the illumination system of Fig. 2a
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an illumination system having a single annular
  • a generally circular hollow waveguide two stackingly arranged light directing
  • arrays each having a light directing feature defined thereon arranged generally orthogonally
  • Fig. 4a is a cross-sectional view of an illumination system having a single point-like
  • a generally annular hollow waveguide two stackingly arranged light directing
  • arrays each having a light directing feature defined thereon arranged generally orthogonally
  • Fig. 4b is a cross-sectional view of an illumination system having a generally round
  • Fig. 4c is an isometric view of the illumination system of Fig. 4b showing a radial
  • prism light directing array stackingly arranged with an annular prism light directing array
  • Fig. 5a is a cross-sectional view of an illumination system having a single light
  • a generally triangular hollow waveguide two stackingly arranged light directing
  • arrays each having a light directing feature defined thereon arranged generally orthogonally
  • Fig. 5b is a front view of the illumination system of Fig. 5a having multiple
  • peripherally disposed light sources
  • Fig. 6a is a perspective view of a first light directing array constructed in accordance
  • Fig. 6b is a perspective view of a second light directing array constructed in
  • Figs. 7 is a side view of a light directing array showing the included angle
  • Fig. 8 is a graphical representation of the theoretical light output distribution
  • Figs. 9a - 9d are detailed views of various lenticular prism configurations in
  • Fig. 10 is a graphical representation of the included angle limitations for acrylic and
  • Fig. 11 is a graphical representation of the light output of an illumination having a
  • Fig. 12 is a graphical representation of the light output of an illumination having a
  • the present invention provides an illumination system having a hollow waveguide
  • first and second light directing arrays each having a plurality of generally
  • predetermined flux i.e. intensity
  • angular distribution i.e. intensity
  • angular distribution can each be . independently controlled in accordance with the present
  • invention by the LDAs to provide an illumination system that can be configured for various reasons
  • incident angle and exit angle refers to the angle a light ray
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an illumination system 10 in
  • a generally rectangular hollow waveguide 50 having a light input side 58 through
  • the back 52, light output side 56 and side 54 may be unitarily
  • these components may be separately fabricated and fastened together to form
  • the light source 20 is preferably located
  • the light source 20 may be located inside the hollow waveguide so that it's light
  • illumination system 10 is nonetheless controlled in accordance with the present invention
  • the back 52. side 54 and light output side 56 define a light channel 40 within which
  • the back 52 may be completely reflective
  • the back 52 may be partially reflective and partially
  • refractive i.e. diffusing reflective
  • LDA light directing array
  • the back 52 comprises an LDA 90 having a plurality of generally lenticular
  • prisms 94 defined longitudinally therealong which are oriented generally parallel to light
  • the prisms 94 of LDA 90 define an included
  • angle 96 that is preferably between approximately 105° and 115°, most preferably
  • the LDA 90 is
  • TIR totally internally reflective
  • illumination system 10 which is desirable for certain illumination system applications.
  • First and second light directing arrays (LDAs) 70, 80 control the passage of light
  • the second LDA 80 is a preferred embodiment of the second LDA 80
  • the LDAs 70, 80 are configured to control the angular distribution of the light output of the illumination system
  • the present invention provides a controllable and predeterminable angular distribution of
  • An example of the first LDA 70, shown also in Fig. 6a, is located within the light
  • channel 40 of the waveguide 50 and includes a plurality of generally longitudinal lenticular
  • prisms 74 as a first light directing feature 72 and a first light output surface 75 that faces
  • the prisms 74 are oriented substantially
  • the prisms 74 may also be oriented substantially parallel to the light
  • first LDA 70 i.e., the prism 74
  • the prism 74 is not independently critical, so long as the light directing
  • the first LDA 70 is defined on a surface of the first LDA 70 facing inwardly toward the light channel 40.
  • light input surface 78 comprises substantially the entire inwardly facing surface of the first
  • the light directing feature 72 of the first LDA 70 controls the
  • predetermined angular distribution pass from the first LDA 70 to the second LDA 80.
  • the first LDA 70 is configured to pass only certain light rays through to the second LDA 80,
  • waveguide 50 includes a reflective back 52, the light rays reflected by the first LDA 70 will
  • waveguide 50 includes a partially reflective/partially refractive back, i.e. a LDA 90, part of
  • the light rays reflected by the first LDA 70 will pass through the LDA 90 and exit through
  • Each lenticular prism 74 of the first LDA 70 is polystyrene, silicone, polyester, and nylon.
  • the desired cut-off angle emerge from the first LDA 70.
  • the desired cut-off angle is the desired cut-off angle
  • the included angle 76 of the prisms 74 of the first LDA 70 controls
  • the included angle 76 is determined by the
  • refractive index is approximately equal to 1.49, and for a light input angular distribution of
  • the included angle 76 ranges from between about 115° and 121°. It will be obvious to
  • the first LDA 70 may rest freely within the light channel 40 or it may be secured to
  • the hollow waveguide 50 such as by in a channel or groove 62 (see Fig. 2a) or by other
  • the second LDA 80 is located on an outer surface of the hollow waveguide 50 and
  • the second LDA 80 is preferably unitarily formed therewith.
  • the second LDA 80 may be formed
  • the second LDA 80 includes a plurality of generally
  • longitudinal lenticular prisms 84 as a second light directing feature 82 and a second light
  • the second light directing feature 82 is
  • the light source 20 is preferably a generally tubular device such as a fluorescent
  • tube but may also comprise, by way of non-limiting example, an array of incandescent
  • a reflector 30 surrounds the light source 20 and directs light rays from the light source 20
  • 0° can be controlled by choosing the back 52.
  • a mirrored back 52 will result
  • the hollow waveguide (i.e. from the illumination system 10) will be fairly uniform over the
  • the viewing angle beyond which no light is visually detectable is
  • the cut-off angle referred to herein as the cut-off angle.
  • the present invention controls the emergence of light rays from the hollow
  • the angular range of light output from the illumination system 10 can be
  • the light output distribution is uniform within the
  • the intensity of the light output from the illumination system 10 (i.e. positive or negative), the intensity of the light output from the illumination system 10
  • the cut-off angle may be changed.
  • FIG. 2a there is shown a second embodiment of the illumination system
  • proximate includes contacting as well
  • a reflector 30 surrounds the light source 20 and redirects light rays toward the solid light
  • the hollow waveguide 50 includes a light output side
  • first LDA 70 and a second LDA 80 each having generally
  • lenticular prisms 74, 84 defined thereon which define respective light directing features 72,
  • the first LDA 70 is arranged generally orthogonally with respect to each other.
  • the second LDA 80 is preferably unitarily
  • the hollow waveguide 50 which may be fabricated by extrusion, injection
  • the hollow waveguide 50 is formed by molding, or other similar forming and shaping processes.
  • a back 52 that may be reflective or alternatively, it may be partially reflective and
  • the back 52 comprises an LDA 90.
  • the back 52 rests in a groove or channel 64 defined in the solid light input side
  • Fig. 2a may also include up to three additional light sources
  • the illumination system 10 of this embodiment is
  • the additional light sources 200 provide additional light rays and the light
  • output intensity of this embodiment may be greater than the embodiment of Fig. 2a.
  • Fig. 2a applies equally to the embodiment of Fig. 2b.
  • FIG. 3 Still another embodiment of the present invention is depicted in Fig. 3, wherein the
  • light illumination system 10 includes a hollow circular waveguide 50 surrounded by a
  • the illumination system 10 of this embodiment is configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to be configured to produce a generally annular light source 20.
  • FIG. 4a Yet another embodiment of the present invention is depicted in Fig. 4a, wherein a
  • generally annular hollow waveguide 50 surrounds a generally point-like light source 20.
  • the light source 20 of this embodiment may comprise a single light or an array of lights.
  • the illumination system 10 of this embodiment is otherwise substantially functionally
  • illumination system 10 includes a circular waveguide 50 having a first LDA 70 having
  • features 72, 82 features or construction of each LDA may be varied.
  • specific light directing features 72, 82 in the LDAs may be constructed as clockwise and
  • Second and third light includes a triangular hollow waveguide 50 having a light source 20. Second and third light
  • the illumination system 10 may also be provided as depicted in Fig. 5b.
  • the illumination system 10 may also be provided as depicted in Fig. 5b.
  • the second LDA 80 may be unitarily
  • the hollow waveguide 50 may be separately formed and
  • directing feature 82 may be located either within the light channel 40, as shown in Fig. lb,
  • the light directing feature 82 is located within the light channel 40, the lenticular prisms 84 are
  • first and second light directing features 72, 82 that is defined by an angular
  • LDAs 70, 80, 90 have been disclosed herein as comprising a plurality of
  • prisms preferably include substantially straight side-walls 42 and a well-defined peak 44.
  • the prisms may include curved side-walls 42 and a substantially flat or planar
  • the prisms may also alternatively comprise curved side-walls 42 and a
  • the prisms may be
  • Light directing arrays 70, 80, 90 can be constructed from any transparent material.
  • Preferred materials have an index of refraction greater than or equal to about 1.30 and
  • the preferred materials ranges from between about 1.40 and 1.70. It will be obvious to persons skilled in the art that materials having greater or lesser refractive indices are also
  • the included angle is dependent upon the refractive index of the material from which the
  • LDA is fabricated, the desired angular light output distribution, and the input light angular
  • w included angle of the prism
  • n refractive index of prism material.
  • equation 2 requires that w > 1 12°.
  • the upper limit of w (depicted by the clear triangle graph) is approximately 1 18.1°.
  • included angle is therefore in the range of between approximately 112° and 118.1°.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
  • Overhead Projectors And Projection Screens (AREA)
PCT/US1999/020710 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 Illumination system using edge-illuminated hollow waveguide and lenticular optical structures WO2000016006A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT99945624T ATE283447T1 (de) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 Beleuchtungssystem mit einem kantenbeleuchteten hohllichtleiter und linsenförmigen optische strukturen
JP2000570502A JP2002525791A (ja) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 照明装置
DE69922224T DE69922224T2 (de) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 Beleuchtungssystem mit einem kantenbeleuchteten hohllichtleiter und linsenförmigen optische strukturen
AU58192/99A AU5819299A (en) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 Illumination system using edge-illuminated hollow waveguide and lenticular optical structures
CA002343281A CA2343281C (en) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 Illumination system using edge-illuminated hollow waveguide and lenticular optical structures
EP99945624A EP1114278B1 (en) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 Illumination system using an edge-illuminated hollow waveguide and lenticular optical structures

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/151,089 1998-09-10
US09/151,089 US6185357B1 (en) 1998-09-10 1998-09-10 Illumination system using edge-illuminated hollow waveguide and lenticular optical structures

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000016006A1 true WO2000016006A1 (en) 2000-03-23

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/US1999/020710 WO2000016006A1 (en) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 Illumination system using edge-illuminated hollow waveguide and lenticular optical structures

Country Status (10)

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US (1) US6185357B1 (US20050276830A1-20051215-C00018.png)
EP (1) EP1114278B1 (US20050276830A1-20051215-C00018.png)
JP (1) JP2002525791A (US20050276830A1-20051215-C00018.png)
KR (1) KR100637907B1 (US20050276830A1-20051215-C00018.png)
CN (1) CN1134606C (US20050276830A1-20051215-C00018.png)
AT (1) ATE283447T1 (US20050276830A1-20051215-C00018.png)
AU (1) AU5819299A (US20050276830A1-20051215-C00018.png)
CA (1) CA2343281C (US20050276830A1-20051215-C00018.png)
DE (1) DE69922224T2 (US20050276830A1-20051215-C00018.png)
WO (1) WO2000016006A1 (US20050276830A1-20051215-C00018.png)

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CA2343281C (en) 2006-07-11
CN1325484A (zh) 2001-12-05
EP1114278B1 (en) 2004-11-24
DE69922224D1 (de) 2004-12-30
KR20010086401A (ko) 2001-09-10
ATE283447T1 (de) 2004-12-15
US6185357B1 (en) 2001-02-06
CA2343281A1 (en) 2000-03-23
EP1114278A1 (en) 2001-07-11
DE69922224T2 (de) 2005-11-24
CN1134606C (zh) 2004-01-14
AU5819299A (en) 2000-04-03
KR100637907B1 (ko) 2006-10-24

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