WO2000009924A1

WO2000009924A1 - Cold fluid transportation equipment

Info

Publication number: WO2000009924A1
Application number: PCT/JP1999/002514
Authority: WO
Inventors: Naoshige Kubo; Hiroshi Iwahashi; Shuji Yamamoto; Kazuhiro Ogawa; Masao Akiyama; Hiroaki Masatomo; Hiroharu Komori; Setsuji Kishimoto; Nobuyoshi Takeuchi
Original assignee: Osaka Gasu Kabushiki Kaisha; Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd.; Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority date: 1998-08-11
Filing date: 1999-05-13
Publication date: 2000-02-24
Also published as: JP2000055285A; AU3730599A

Abstract

A cold fluid transportation equipment, wherein a transportation piping installed on the cold fluid transportation equipment comprises a low thermal expansion part formed of a Fe-Ni low thermal expansion coefficient alloy, whereby the transportation piping is not provided with such a loop pipe as arranged in a conventional piping or is provided with a minimum number of loop pipes.

Description

Specification

Equipment for transporting low-temperature fluids

[Technical field]

The present invention relates to a facility for transporting a low-temperature fluid having a pipe for transporting a low-temperature fluid such as LNG (liquefied natural gas).

[Background technology]

Conventionally, low-temperature fluid transport piping (hereinafter abbreviated as “low-temperature piping”) in equipment for transporting low-temperature fluids such as LNG is conventionally made of austenitic stainless steel such as SUS304. It had been. Such stainless steel does not become brittle even at low temperatures, and is suitable as a material for low-temperature piping.

Here, since the stainless steel has a large coefficient of thermal expansion, the amount of expansion and contraction caused by a change in the temperature of the pipe is large, and when the pipe is cooled to a low temperature by passing a low-temperature fluid, the pipe contracts. If they do not have a mechanism to absorb thermal contraction, they will generate thermal stress in the piping that exceeds the allowable stress. Therefore, conventional low-temperature piping has loop pipes interposed in some places, and by providing a large number of such loop pipes, thermal shrinkage of the piping can be absorbed.

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a portion where a loop pipe of a conventional low-temperature pipe is arranged. In the conventional low-temperature pipe 51, loop pipes 52 shown in FIG. 3 are arranged at various places of the low-temperature pipe 51. Further, the pipe 51 is installed via a support portion 56 provided between adjacent loop pipes 52.

By the way, the conventional SUS low-temperature pipe formed by providing a large number of the loop pipes 52 has the following problems.

That is, the loop pipe 52 is formed by welding and connecting a large number of pipes at a large number of locations 54, 55, etc. This causes an increase in pipes and welds. Further, in order to form the loop tube 52, an especially expensive elbow tube 53 is required. In addition, cold insulators are provided along the outer circumference of low-temperature pipes, but it is difficult to install cold insulators in loop pipes. In transporting the low-temperature fluid through the low-temperature pipe, the direction of the flow of the fluid passing through the pipe is changed by the loop pipe, so that the pressure loss increases.

Furthermore, since the low-temperature pipe has a protruding portion of the loop pipe, the pipe laying space is required by that amount, and especially when the pipe needs to be laid in a tunnel, the loop pipe must pass through. There is a problem that the diameter of the tunnel must be increased to the extent that it is possible to do so, which causes an increase in the cost of constructing piping facilities. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature fluid transport facility that does not have a loop pipe, or that has a transport pipe formed by minimizing the number of loop pipes.

[Disclosure of the Invention]

The equipment for transporting low-temperature fluid of the present invention is characterized by having a transportation pipe comprising a low thermal expansion part formed of an Fe—Ni-based low thermal expansion coefficient alloy.

Thereby, the transport pipe can reduce the loop pipe as much as possible. The reason for this is that the transport pipe consisting of the low thermal expansion part has a very small deformation due to low-temperature shrinkage when transporting the low-temperature fluid.Therefore, a large number of loop pipes like conventional SUS pipe are used to absorb such deformation. This is because the thermal stress acting on the pipe does not exceed the allowable stress without providing the pipe. ―

Therefore, the number of loop pipes can be reduced as much as possible, and furthermore, it is possible to provide no loop pipes at all, thereby reducing the number of welding points and pipes. In addition, the work of providing cold insulation material becomes easy, The space for laying transportation piping can also be reduced. Furthermore, when cryogenic fluid transportation equipment is laid in a tunnel, it is possible to eliminate the need to increase the diameter of the tunnel in relation to the loop pipe.

From these facts, it is possible to reduce the construction cost of equipment.

Further, in the case where the first deformation limiting portion for suppressing and fixing the movement caused by the deformation due to the low-temperature shrinkage is provided at both ends of the low thermal expansion portion in the axial direction of the transport pipe, the following significance is provided. is there. That is, the reaction force due to the suppression of the low-temperature shrinkage between the first deformation restricting portions is completely supported by the first deformation restricting portion, and affects the non-low thermal expansion portion outside the first deformation restricting portion. However, the non-low thermal expansion portion can be applied to a normal structure as it is.

Also, at both ends of the low thermal expansion portion in the axial direction of the transport pipe, a second deformation restricting portion for fixing the both ends is provided when the fixed distance is moved while allowing a certain distance accompanying the low temperature shrinkage. In this case, the thermal stress in the low thermal expansion portion is relaxed by moving a certain distance during the low-temperature contraction, and the acting force on the second deformation restricting portion due to the low-temperature contraction can be reduced. Thereby, the supporting strength of the second deformation limiting portion can be reduced, and the structure for supporting the second deformation limiting portion can be simplified when constructing the equipment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a low-temperature fluid transport facility provided with a first deformation restricting portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a low-temperature fluid transport facility provided with a second deformation restricting portion according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a conventional pipe for transporting low-temperature fluid. [Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention]

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a side view of a part of a low-temperature fluid transport facility 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the side of an axial direction of a transport pipe 1 provided in the facility. . The low-temperature fluid transport facility 10 has a configuration in which transport pipes 1 are provided with first deformation limiting parts 4 and 5. The transport pipe 1 is used for transporting a low-temperature fluid such as a low-temperature liquefied gas (LNG, LPG, etc.). One end 2 of the pipe 1 is connected to a low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank 7 via a normal SUS pipe 6. Then, the low-temperature liquefied gas sent from the tank 7 is supplied to the pipe 1 from the end 2 of the pipe 1 through the pipe 6. The low-temperature liquefied gas sent from the other end 3 of the pipe 1 is supplied to each demand destination through a normal SUS pipe 8 connected to the end 3. The low temperature liquefied gas transported by the pipe 1 is extremely low temperature, and the inside of the pipe 1 is exposed to about 160 ° C.

The pipe 1 is a low thermal expansion portion formed of an Fe—Ni based low thermal expansion coefficient alloy called a so-called invar alloy. The Fe—Ni-based low thermal expansion coefficient alloy forming such a low thermal expansion portion weighs 30 to 45 weight. /. Of Ni and has a thermal expansion coefficient of about 1.5 X 10 ⁶ /. The coefficient of thermal expansion of such Fe—Ni-based low coefficient of thermal expansion alloy is about 1/10 compared to that of austenitic stainless steel such as SUS304 used for conventional piping. Therefore, when the transport pipe is formed using the Invar alloy, even when the low-temperature liquefied gas is transported, the deformation due to expansion and contraction can be significantly reduced compared to conventional SUS pipes, It is now possible to reduce the number of loop pipes that had to be provided in a large number of pipes as much as possible, and even if both ends of pipe 1 were fixed without providing loop pipes as shown in Fig. 1, Thermal stress generated in piping 1 does not exceed allowable stress.

This makes it possible to eliminate the projecting portion of the pipe 1 from the one end 2 to the other end 3 of the pipe 1, so that the installation space for the pipe 1 does not need to be large. Therefore, even if the pipe 1 shown in Fig. 1 is laid in the tunnel, it is not necessary to increase the diameter of the tunnel from the viewpoint of the space where the pipe 1 is laid, The required cost can be reduced. Further, since the number of loop pipes can be reduced, it is easy to provide a cooling material on the surface of the pipe 1.

The first deformation limiting portions 4 and 5 are provided at both ends 2 and 3 of the pipe 1, respectively. The first deformation restricting portions 4 and 5 fix and support both ends 2 and 3 of the pipe 1. Thereby, the axial movement caused by the deformation caused by the expansion and contraction of the pipe 1 is suppressed, and the pipe 1 is fixed. The fixing of the pipe 1 by the first deformation restricting portions 4 and 5 is the fixing of both ends 2 and 3 of the pipe 1, and the movement of the pipe 1 in the axial direction can be completely suppressed over the entirety. The thermal stress of the pipe 1 due to the suppression of the low-temperature shrinkage of the pipe 1 does not reach the SUS pipes 6 and 8. Further, even when the first deformation limiting portions 4 and 5 fix the both ends of the pipe 1 in this manner, the thermal stress does not exceed the allowable stress of the pipe 1.

Further, the equipment 10 is provided with support portions 26, 27, and 28 at various locations in the axial direction for supporting the pipe 1 as a structure and installing it on the ground or the like.

The support portion 26 is for fixing the pipe 1 in the axial direction to support the effect on the pipe 1 due to an earthquake or the like. As a result, the pipe 1 is supported by the first deformation restricting portions 4 and 5 and the supporting portion 26 against an action such as an earthquake in the axial direction.

The support portion 27 is for supporting the own weight of the pipe 1 in the vertical direction (up and down direction in FIG. 1), and the support portion 28 is for supporting the pipe 1 In the horizontal direction (perpendicular to the paper surface in Fig. 1).

In this way, the first deformation limiting portions 4 and 5 and the support portions 26 and the like can share and support the pipe 1 against the influence of the earthquake or the like acting on the pipe 1, so that the pipe 1 is stably supported. it can.

The support portions 26, 27, and 28 are provided at various locations in the axial direction of the pipe 1 as required for the installation of the pipe 1 in addition to the illustration in FIG. In providing these support portions, since a loop tube is not provided in the pipe 1, the support portion can be provided at an arbitrary position. That is, in the case of conventional SUS pipes, it was necessary to arrange a large number of loop pipes.Therefore, the position of the support part for supporting the pipes and installing them on the ground was changed to the position of many loop pipes When providing the force S and the support that had to be determined according to the requirements, the support can be provided at any position without being restricted by the position of the loop pipe. Thus, construction of the facility 10 can be facilitated.

Next, a low-temperature fluid transport facility 20 according to another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a side view of a part of the facility 20 as viewed from the side in the axial direction of the transport pipe 11 provided in the facility 20.

The low-temperature fluid transport equipment 20 has a configuration in which second deformation restricting sections 14 and 15 are provided in a transport pipe 11 composed of the low thermal expansion part. The second deformation restricting portions 14 and 15 are provided at both ends 12 and 13 of the transport pipe 11 respectively.

The second deformation restricting portions 14 and 15 move in the axial direction within a certain upper limit in accordance with the deformation so as to allow a certain range of axial deformation due to expansion and contraction of the pipe 11. be able to. As a result, when the pipe 11 is to be deformed due to expansion and contraction, the movement of both ends 12 and 13 due to the deformation is allowed, so that the thermal reaction generated in the pipe 11 is allowed. As a result, the force acting on the second deformation restricting portions 14 and 15 from the pipe 11 is reduced.

This makes it possible to lower the supporting strength of the second deformation restricting portions 14 and 15 of the equipment 20 and to change the support structure of the second deformation restricting portions 14 and 15 to the first deformation restricting portion. It can be simpler than the support structure of 4 and 5. When the second deformation restricting portions 14 and 15 move a fixed distance due to the deformation of the pipe 11, the ends 12 and 13 of the pipe 11 are fixed, so that the transport pipe is stably supported. You can also.

If the pipes 6 and 8 have little room to absorb the movement of the ends 12 and 13 of the pipe 11, a loop pipe or an elbow pipe (not shown) is provided as shown in FIG. The SUS pipe portions 17 and 18 may be provided outside the ends 12 and 13 to absorb the movement of the ends 12 and 13 of the pipe 11.

The pipe 11 is provided with the support portions 26 and the like (not shown) at various locations in the axial direction.

In FIGS. 1 and 2 described above, an example in which a loop pipe is not provided as a transport pipe is shown and described, but a loop pipe may be provided. As described above, when the transport pipe is configured to have a low thermal expansion portion, the contraction and expansion are extremely small. Therefore, even if a loop pipe is provided, the expansion and contraction can be absorbed by using a very small number of loop pipes and by using a loop pipe having a small loop size. This is because the installation space can be reduced.

In addition, in order to respond to the situation of the pipeline, the transportation pipeline may include a bent pipe or an elpo.

Further, the above description should be construed as an example of the equipment for transporting cryogenic fluid according to the present invention, and the purpose is to show what is called the best mode for those skilled in the art to carry out the present invention. I have. Therefore, the present invention In addition to the above-mentioned configuration, the low-temperature fluid transport equipment described in this section includes equipment for low-temperature fluid transport such as pipes for receiving vessels from a ship (loading arm) into tanks and pipes connecting tanks. Is also applicable.

[Industrial applicability]

As described above, the equipment for transporting low-temperature fluid of the present invention is provided with the transportation pipe including the low thermal expansion part, so that the construction of the equipment is easy and the cost can be reduced.

Further, even if the both ends of the transportation pipe are fixed by the deformation restricting portions, etc., the thermal stress generated in the transportation pipe does not exceed the allowable stress of the piping, so that the construction of the equipment is easy and the cost is reduced. Can be reduced.

Claims

The scope of the claims

A low-temperature fluid transport facility equipped with a transport pipe consisting of a low thermal expansion part formed of an Fe-Ni-based low thermal expansion coefficient alloy.

2. A first deformation restricting portion which is provided at both ends of the low thermal expansion portion in the axial direction of the transport pipe so as to suppress movement caused by deformation due to expansion and contraction and to fix and support the first deformation limiting portion. Ik iiffl for cryogenic fluid transport as described.

When both ends of the low thermal expansion portion in the axial direction of the transportation pipe are allowed to move by a certain distance due to deformation due to expansion and contraction, and when the two ends are moved by the certain distance, the both ends are fixed. The low-temperature fluid transport facility according to claim 1, further comprising: