WO2000009318A1 - Apparatus for reciprocal rotational motion - Google Patents
Apparatus for reciprocal rotational motion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000009318A1 WO2000009318A1 PCT/NZ1999/000132 NZ9900132W WO0009318A1 WO 2000009318 A1 WO2000009318 A1 WO 2000009318A1 NZ 9900132 W NZ9900132 W NZ 9900132W WO 0009318 A1 WO0009318 A1 WO 0009318A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- drum
- fruits
- juice
- linear reciprocating
- pressing
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/22—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using a flexible member, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
- B01F29/60—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers
Definitions
- This invention relates to an apparatus for inducing reciprocal rotational motion in a container.
- this invention relates to the apparatus when the container is a drum for pressing juices from fruits, especially grapes.
- Some of the commonly available commercial grape presses have a perforated drum which may be coupled at a concentric axle to a motor drive, and can be loaded or unloaded with a batch of produce through rather smallish doors, or badly positioned doors. Therefore there is some difficulty in providing an evenly loaded press and as a result the filling and emptying process may be rather ineffective.
- the purchaser has to construct a hopper if one is to be used.
- Other types of press include Archimedes screw types which can operate continuously.
- the release of juice from produce, and particularly grapes is attained by the repeated pressing of the grapes followed by movement or stirring of the marc.
- the stirring of the marc has, in the past, been achieved by the motorised rotation of the pressing drum.
- the invention provides an apparatus for inducing reciprocal rotational motion in a container including: a supporting framework, said container mounted thereon for reciprocal rotational movement about an axis, and at least one linear reciprocating actuator fixed at one end to the supporting framework and with the extendible-retractable component of the or each linear reciprocating actuator linked either directly or indirectly to an external point on the container off set from the axis of rotation.
- a supporting framework said container mounted thereon for reciprocal rotational movement about an axis
- at least one linear reciprocating actuator fixed at one end to the supporting framework and with the extendible-retractable component of the or each linear reciprocating actuator linked either directly or indirectly to an external point on the container off set from the axis of rotation.
- the linear reciprocating actuators are hydraulic rams.
- the two hydraulic rams are linked to a drive means, such as a drive chain which is adapted for connection to a pulley mounted on an axle about which the container is to rotate.
- a drive means such as a drive chain which is adapted for connection to a pulley mounted on an axle about which the container is to rotate.
- the unit to be agitated is a container enclosing materials to be stirred or moved.
- the hydraulic rams may be either single acting or double acting, although where just one hydraulic ram is used it must be a double acting ram.
- the hydraulic rams may be pivotally connected to the said point on the container.
- each ram is connected at one end to an end of a drive chain, the other end of each ram being connected to a the supporting framework.
- the drive chain is adapted for connection to a pulley, and while any means of connection is envisaged as within the scope of the invention in a preferred method a leaf chain is attached to a joiner link which has been welded into the pulley.
- the extension motion of the first actuator or ram is converted by into a rotation in a first direction of the container, through an angle which is determined by the length of the extendible- retractable portion of the actuator or ram, and at a speed determined by the circumference of the pulley and the capacity of the hydraulic power pack. Simultaneously the second actuator or ram is retracted.
- the invention provides an apparatus for pressing juice from fruits and the like including: a supporting framework and a drum provided with means for applying pressure to the fruits loaded therein, and mounted thereon for reciprocal rotational movement about an axis, and two linear reciprocating actuators each fixed at one end to the supporting framework and with the extendible-retractable component of each linear reciprocating actuator linked either directly or indirectly to an external point on the drum off set from the axis of rotation.
- the linear reciprocating actuators are hydraulic rams.
- the means for applying pressure to the fruit is a distendible bag which can be repeatedly inflated, using compressed air or the like, and deflated as required
- the fruit is grapes.
- the supporting framework also includes a hopper which may be moved into position to filll the drum as required, and a juice tray, which may be moved into position to catch the juice as it leaves the drum.
- the drum is mounted on a concentric axis about which the reciprocal rotational motion occurs.
- the drum is mounted on an off-centre or eccentric axis about which the reciprocal rotational motion occurs, the mounting means including bearing means mounted upon the frame so that the drum is capable of eccentric rotation about at least one co-axial shaft.
- the linear reciprocating actuators are capable when in use of causing the drum to be rotated through 180 degrees from a first or loading position to a second or unloading position, and back again from the second position to the first position.
- the drum is provided with an operable door along the full length of the drum, so that filling and emptying can be carried out effectively.
- the door coincides with a complementary aperture in the hopper when the hopper is moved into the filling position.
- the operable door is situated on the drum surface at a radial position close to the off-centre mounting means, so that when the drum is to be loaded the portion of the drum surface including the door is at a relatively low position, thus enabling the hopper to be situated above it with the hopper aperture in close proximity to the door of the drum, and so that when the drum is to be unloaded the portion of the drum surface including the door is at a relatively high position, thereby facilitating and unloading and cleaning.
- the apparatus provides a hopper capable of depositing grapes into the full length of the drum; the hopper having an operable aperture extending for substantially the full length of the drum.
- the operable aperture is capable of being opened by one or more actuators.
- the hopper is moveably mounted on the frame so that it can be advanced to a position above the drum for loading of the drum, and retracted away from the drum prior to rotation of the drum.
- the hopper is mounted on wheels capable of running along the frame.
- the hopper is moved by means of one or more linear actuators capable of providing automated movement of the hopper.
- the apparatus provides an elongated juice tray capable of receiving grape juice falling from the full length of the drum.
- the juice tray is moveably mounted on the frame so that it can be advanced to a position below the drum at any period during which juice may be received, and may be retracted away from the drum at any other period.
- the juice tray is mounted on wheels capable of running along the frame.
- the juice tray is moved by means of one or more linear actuators.
- the hopper may be used as a fillable carrier for material to be pressed, in which case it is provided with a closable aperture, loaded with the material when the aperture is closed and the contents of the hopper are then deposited into the drum when the aperture is opened.
- the movement of the linear reciprocating actuators is regulated by the command of a programme logic controller (PLC) module, and the actuators are fitted with limit switches for both directions so that the PLC module can determine when either ram has completed its action.
- PLC programme logic controller
- the movement of the linear reciprocating actuators is governed by any suitable manual method.
- the invention provides a method of pressing juice from fruits and the like including the steps of: (i) placing the fruits in the drum of an apparatus as previously described;
- a portion of the drum is perforated to allow the extracted juice to drain from the drum throughout the process.
- the extracted juice is collected within the drum and subsequently removed by way of a tap or the like.
- the pressing means is a distendible bag attached to the inside surface of the drum, and which can be repeatedly inflated by compressed air or the like, and deflated as required.
- the drum is agitated through an angle between 90° and 270° for up to 15 times between pressing steps.
- the cycle of steps from (ii) to (iv) is repeated between 20 and 30 times.
- Figures 1 to 4 relate to a press for grapes, or wine press in with two hydraulic rams which are pivitally connected to the drum, and in which:
- Figure 1 is a side view of a wine press, in a loading position.
- Figure 2 is a side view of a wine press, in a pressing position.
- Figure 3 is a side view of a wine press, in a rotating mode.
- Figure 4 is a side view of a wine press, in an emptying position.
- Figure 5 is a plan view of the hopper for the wine press of Figures 1 to 4.
- Figure 6 is a side view of the hopper above the wine press, also showing the drum.
- FIGS 7, 8 and 9 are side views of another aspect of a wine press in which the hydraulic rams are connected to a driving pulley by means of a drive chain, and in which the drum rotates about a concentric axle, and in which:
- Figure 7 shows the press in a loading position
- Figure 8 shows the press in an intermediate position
- Figure 9 shows the press in an emptying position.
- FIGS 10, 11 and 12 are side views of yet another aspect of a wine press in which the hydraulic rams are connected to a driving pulley by means of a drive chain, and in which the drum rotates about an eccentric axle, and in which:
- Figure 10 shows the press in a loading position
- Figure 11 shows the press in an intermediate position
- Figure 12 shows the press in an emptying position
- Figure 13 is a side view of a driving pulley with welded joiner link
- Figure 14 is a side view of the pulley of Figure 13
- Figure 15 is a plan view of the joiner link and chain showing connection means.
- This wine press as illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, and 6, is a member of the class that includes a perforated drum for holding the material to be pressed, and uses a distensible bag, pressing against the perforations, to apply the pressing force.
- a perforated drum for holding the material to be pressed
- a distensible bag pressing against the perforations, to apply the pressing force.
- the novel aspects of this wine press involve the use of an eccentric axis 102 about which the drum 101 may be reciprocally rotated.
- Other novel features and preferred methods of use have been introduced into the invention.
- This feature provides several advantages.
- the drum 101 of this press 100 rotates only through 180 degrees (in the example) and is made to rotate by the action of linear actuators; namely hydraulic rams 105 & 106, each capable of applying a torque against the axis using a corresponding crankshaft 107 & 108.
- linear actuators namely hydraulic rams 105 & 106
- Two opposing or antagonistic unidirectional rams are preferred, so that one ram can oppose the action of the other just as flexor and extensor muscles work against each other in a body.
- the ram that is pushing also empties hydraulic fluid from the other ram.
- the use of rams is a more reliable, simpler, and cheaper option than the prior- art electric motor with gearbox and brake.
- the rams are driven under command of a programme logic controller (PLC) module (not illustrated) and are fitted with limit switches (not illustrated) for both directions, so that the PLC module can determine when either ram has completed its action.
- PLC programme logic controller
- the press can adequately carry out a sequence including filling and emptying even though its rotation is limited to 180 degrees.
- variations on the invention may provide other limits to rotation.
- the hopper 104 from which grapes to be pressed are dropped into the empty press is an integrated part of the construction of this invention, although, of course, the eccentrically mounted drum itself, and operation of the press does not depend on an integral hopper. It is convenient to provide the hopper with wheels 109 so that it can conveniently be moved along the frame of the press between a rest position away from the drum (as in Fig 2), and a dumping position, directly above the drum. Generally the hopper is used as a funnel or guide. In that case it may be constructed without any form of closing means over its aperture. Alternatively it may be used to carry a load of grapes, which have been loaded at the "resting" end of the hopper's movement, while the press is working.
- Fig 6 shows the hopper 104 above the drum 101 of the press 100.
- the actual wheels may for example be flanged as for a railway vehicle or may run inside a groove.
- the hopper may be supported on a higher sub-frame 110 (Fig 1) or may not (Fig 6).
- the hopper may be pushed to and fro manually, or may be moved by some kind of actuator such as an electric motor or a hydraulic ram (not illustrated).
- the hopper is preferably also provided with a similar elongated aperture
- the aperture 501 of the hopper, and the door 103 or aperture of the drum may be opened by an actuator, or manually. Because the drum rotates to and fro through a predetermined fraction of a complete revolution it is feasible to couple power by means of cables or hoses to devices fixed on to the drum. Furthermore, coupling of an air hose to the internal pressing bag 202 is facilitated.
- the juice tray 112 is conveniently mounted on wheels so that it can slide along the frame 111 of the press between a receiving position directly under the drum (as in Figs 1, 2, and 3) and an out-of-the-way position (Fig.4) for use when the drum is being emptied of marc.
- the dimensions of the drum which is made of stainless steel, are: length 3 metres, diameter 1400 mm, and an axis 250 mm from centre.
- the drum uses stub axles which do not protrude into the interior of the drum.
- a distensible bag 202 preferably made of a flexible plastic, preferably polyethylene or the like, is attached to one side of the drum, and when distended pushes against the other side of the drum which is provided with a number of perforations.
- the frame is made of welded box section steel, approximately 3 metres long and 3.1 metres wide, with the main frame being about 1 metre high and a subframe used as a support for the hopper being about 1.5 metres high.
- One preferred method of using the press is as follows: the cleaned juice tray is moved to a position beneath the drum before the hopper is loaded with grapes, then the cleaned drum is rotated into the loading position. The hopper is placed over the drum, and the hopper door is opened so that the load within the hopper falls into the drum, whereupon the door is closed and the hopper is retracted.
- the drum is rotated into the pressing position - when the "bulge" is uppermost, and the internal distensible bag 202 is compressed with air (compressor and connections not illustrated) to perhaps a pressure of 0.5 bar and left for 10 minutes. This causes much of the juice to be squeezed out from the marc (the industry name for the residue of skin, stalks, etc) and to flow into the juice tray below.
- marc the industry name for the residue of skin, stalks, etc
- the juice tray is moved away and the door of the drum is opened while at the pressing position, in order to allow the marc (debris) to fall out.
- the pressing position has the door at the lowest part of the drum, and at the same time the press is raised to its highest possible point above the ground, the marc can be cleared onto the floor. Some marc will probably be retained. A step of rotating the drum with the door open will assist marc in falling out, and a second rotation with the bag partly distended will tend to push out the remainder of the marc.
- the drum 601 which has a section of the surface perforated (not shown) is strengthened at each end with webs 602 and is mounted on a concentric axle 603, within the supporting framework 600.
- the drum 601 is made to rotate by the co-operative action of the hydraulic rams 604 and 605, such that when ram 604 extends the ram 605 retracts and vice versa.
- the rams are connected to a drive chain 606 which is connected to the driving pulley 607 by means as detailed in Figures 13, 14 and 15.
- a joiner link 701 is welded on to the driving pulley.
- the chain 606, is a leaf chain and the joiner link is so dimensioned as to complement the drive chain, which has projections (606a) to fit into the recesses 701a, of the joiner link. Apertures are placed in the joiner link and chain links so that, when the two are joined, the apertures align to enable the insertion of a pin 702, to hold the parts together.
- any other suitable mechanism for connection of the chain to the driving pulley may be employed, such as the use of a link-chain and sprockets, it has been found that in regard to the size of the loads to be moved when the invention is used in conjunction with a wine press, that it is preferred to use this stronger method of attaching the chain to the pulley.
- a moveably mounted hopper 608 is able to be positioned over a door 609, running the full length of the drum and which corresponds to the aperture 610 of the hopper.
- the hopper is moved away from the drum, which can then be rotated, through 115° or thereabouts depending on where the section of perforations are on the drum surface.
- the perforations are positioned at the bottom when the drum is in the pressing position, into the pressing position. To achieve this position the ram 604 is extended to part of its length while ram
- a distendible bag within the drum is inflated by means of compressed air to press the grapes and release their juice.
- the bag is then deflated, optionally with the assistance of a vacuum pump, and the drum is reciprocally rotated through the preferred angle several times. In a most preferred option the drum is reciprocally rotated through 180° between the positions shown in Figures 7 and 9 between
- the pressing step is then repeated and the above sequence repeated about 15 times.
- the drum is then returned to the emptying position shown in Figure 9, by fully extending the ram 604 and fully retracting the ram 605.
- the door 609 can now be opened to remove the marc and allow for cleaning of the drum.
- the drum is perforated and the juice obtained falls through the perforations into a juice collection tray (not shown), during the course of the above procedure.
- the wine press according to this embodiment is decribed in Figures 10, 11 and 12.
- the supporting framework 800, of this example is essentially similar in operation to that described in Example Two but in this embodiment the axis of rotation 801 is off-centre and the driving chain 806 extends from hydraulic rams 804 to 805 by way of a driving cam 807. While it is possible to use a driving pulley in this position it has been found that the elongated shape of the driving cam is more effective because this shape, when at 90° from the loading position, enables the cam to exert more leverage than a pulley..
- the apparatus of the invention may include all types of linear reciprocating actuators and the container may be rotated through at least one 360 degree circle.
- the press may be driven entirely manually, without control means (PLC or the like) or powered actuators.
- the integrated hopper allows gentler, and more convenient handling of grapes or other material to be pressed.
- the full-length aperture in the drum allows the full length of the drum to be packed consistently with grapes.
- More than one object may be run by the hydraulic power pack used to drive the at least one hydraulic ram.
- more rams may be added to drive different components of the apparatus, such as the hopper, or juice tray, or other entirely different machines all from the same hydraulic power pack.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NZ509520A NZ509520A (en) | 1998-08-14 | 1999-08-16 | Stirring apparatus that provides reciprocal rotational motion by a linear reciprocating actuator linked to an off centre external point on a container |
AU54537/99A AU743314B2 (en) | 1998-08-14 | 1999-08-16 | Apparatus for reciprocal rotational motion |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NZ33140598 | 1998-08-14 | ||
NZ331405 | 1998-08-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000009318A1 true WO2000009318A1 (en) | 2000-02-24 |
Family
ID=19926885
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NZ1999/000132 WO2000009318A1 (en) | 1998-08-14 | 1999-08-16 | Apparatus for reciprocal rotational motion |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU743314B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000009318A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103468461A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2013-12-25 | 中法合营王朝葡萄酿酒有限公司 | Claret tank formed by transforming white grape tank and use method thereof |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5017017A (en) * | 1988-11-08 | 1991-05-21 | Fonderie & Ateliers Des Sablons | Stirring apparatus forming an accessory for selective stirring of the base colors on paint stirring machines |
WO1991008045A1 (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1991-06-13 | George Fethers & Co. Trading Pty. Ltd. | Mixing apparatus |
US5507575A (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1996-04-16 | Corob S.R.L. | Agitator having a rotational-orbital movement for mixing or blending various products |
-
1999
- 1999-08-16 AU AU54537/99A patent/AU743314B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-08-16 WO PCT/NZ1999/000132 patent/WO2000009318A1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5017017A (en) * | 1988-11-08 | 1991-05-21 | Fonderie & Ateliers Des Sablons | Stirring apparatus forming an accessory for selective stirring of the base colors on paint stirring machines |
WO1991008045A1 (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1991-06-13 | George Fethers & Co. Trading Pty. Ltd. | Mixing apparatus |
US5507575A (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1996-04-16 | Corob S.R.L. | Agitator having a rotational-orbital movement for mixing or blending various products |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103468461A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2013-12-25 | 中法合营王朝葡萄酿酒有限公司 | Claret tank formed by transforming white grape tank and use method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU5453799A (en) | 2000-03-06 |
AU743314B2 (en) | 2002-01-24 |
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