WO2000008310A1 - Method and device for post-treatment of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method and device for post-treatment of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000008310A1
WO2000008310A1 PCT/EP1999/004187 EP9904187W WO0008310A1 WO 2000008310 A1 WO2000008310 A1 WO 2000008310A1 EP 9904187 W EP9904187 W EP 9904187W WO 0008310 A1 WO0008310 A1 WO 0008310A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
face
area
filter
rotation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1999/004187
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Axel König
Original Assignee
Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19850762A external-priority patent/DE19850762A1/en
Application filed by Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to JP2000563920A priority Critical patent/JP2002522684A/en
Priority to EP99931084A priority patent/EP1101019A1/en
Publication of WO2000008310A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000008310A1/en
Priority to US09/767,004 priority patent/US20010004831A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
    • B01D53/9454—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/88—Handling or mounting catalysts
    • B01D53/885—Devices in general for catalytic purification of waste gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/0214—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters with filters comprising movable parts, e.g. rotating filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
    • F01N3/0885—Regeneration of deteriorated absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. desulfurization of NOx traps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2290/00—Movable parts or members in exhaust systems for other than for control purposes
    • F01N2290/02—Movable parts or members in exhaust systems for other than for control purposes with continuous rotary movement
    • F01N2290/06—Movable parts or members in exhaust systems for other than for control purposes with continuous rotary movement driven by auxiliary drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/04—Sulfur or sulfur oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/12—Other methods of operation
    • F02B2075/125—Direct injection in the combustion chamber for spark ignition engines, i.e. not in pre-combustion chamber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for the aftertreatment of the engine exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, and in particular relates to a device and a method for the aftertreatment of soot particles and / or nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas stream.
  • Known NOx catalysts absorb the nitrogen oxides generated during the lean operation of an engine and reduce the stored NOx during rich operation of the engine, the known processes being discontinuous and the storage and reduction of the nitrogen oxides taking place in different phases.
  • the memory In order to be able to carry out such a method, the memory must be emptied after a certain time due to its finite absorption capacity. This either happens after a fixed predetermined time or the degree of filling of the catalyst must be determined. If the memory is regenerated after a predefined time has elapsed, this has the disadvantage that the storage capacity of the catalytic converter is not fully utilized for safety reasons, so that optimum engine operation with regard to consumption and exhaust gas behavior is not possible.
  • a minimum temperature of approximately 250 ° C. is required for a NOx storage catalytic converter to function adequately. If the exhaust gas coming from the engine is too cold, the process can only work if the catalytic converter is on it Minimum temperature is heated. This causes heat losses, which greatly increases the energy requirement.
  • soot particles occur in the exhaust gas of diesel engines that cannot be released into the environment.
  • the soot particles are retained in a known device and are cyclically replaced when the soot filter reaches a certain filling level, or the retained soot particles are ignited and burned with an appropriate heating device. Both approaches are unsatisfactory for continuous use.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a device and a method for treating the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine, which enable optimal engine operation.
  • the device according to the invention for the aftertreatment of the engine exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine has a body or monolith with channels through which the exhaust gas flows and which is rotatably arranged in the exhaust gas flow.
  • Monolith is understood here to mean a body which can be made in one piece from ceramic, from metallic carrier materials or from ceramic or metallic segments which are arranged in a receiving structure.
  • the device has an inflow channel which is in flow connection with a part (B1) of the channels of the body. Furthermore, a flow connection is provided, which is connected on the output side to the part B1 of the ducts flowed against by the inflow duct and connects this in terms of flow to a part B2 of the ducts which is not in flow connection to the inflow duct.
  • the body or monolith is preferably divided into two areas B1, B2, the exhaust gas entering the first area B1 on the front face of the body, exiting on the rear face of the first area B1, passing through the filter attached there, into one End face of the second area B2 enters and leaves the second area B2 on the other end face 2, the body 4 during the Flow around an axis essentially perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas stream.
  • the body preferably has a cylindrical shape, the channels extending in the radial direction.
  • the body has a cylindrical recess in the axial direction, in other words the cylinder is hollow in the axial direction.
  • the body can consist of metal or ceramic, whereby it can be formed in one piece or assembled from segments. If the body consists of segments, these are traversed by channels so that the channels extend in radial direction with respect to the axis of symmetry of the cylinder after the segments have been assembled.
  • the device comprises a filter which can be rotatably arranged, the filter in particular being able to rotate with the monolith, in the case of the cylindrical body with the axial cavity the filter being arranged therein.
  • the filter can be stationary or rotate with the body, the speed of rotation not having to be identical to the speed of rotation of the body.
  • the internal combustion engine has a direct fuel injection into the combustion chamber and / or is a diesel fuel engine.
  • the filter preferably has a heating element which serves to bring the filter to operating temperature after a cold start. After reaching the required temperature, the heating element can be switched off. In principle, additional heating is only provided if the engine conditions (exhaust gas temperature) do not lead to soot burn-off.
  • the temperature required for the conversion of pollutants can alternatively or in a supportive manner also be quickly achieved by suitably selected engine parameters (injection quantity, injection course, post-injection); here, too, the engine parameters are returned to their normal conditions when the desired temperature has been reached.
  • the body can be at least partially catalytically coated to reduce pollutants, in particular to reduce NOx, HC and / or CO.
  • the device also has a fixed housing (12) in which the body rotating about its longitudinal axis is arranged.
  • the housing is preferably made of a non-metallic material.
  • the body is preferably rotated by a drive unit.
  • the drive unit can be formed by an electric motor. It is also possible for the drive unit to be formed by an external magnetic field and magnets arranged inside the housing. Furthermore, the body can also be rotated through the exhaust gas flow in the manner of a turbine.
  • the speed of rotation of the body (4) is preferably approximately 0.3 to 10 rpm, the speed of rotation being selected so that the maximum of the temperature distribution which arises remains inside the body, preferably at the location of the filter.
  • the device can have a means for introducing additional fuel in order to bring about a reduction in the NOx exhaust gas component when the engine can be operated lean.
  • the means for introducing additional fuel is preferably arranged in the axis of rotation of the body.
  • the method according to the invention for the aftertreatment of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, a body being arranged in the exhaust gas flow and having channels in the exhaust gas flow direction and being divided into two areas, has the following steps:
  • the body is rotated about its axis at such a speed that heating of the second region by the exhaust gas flow leads to heating of the exhaust gas flow by the first region.
  • a retention of the soot particles of the exhaust gas flow is preferably effected on a filter which is arranged between the exhaust gas outlet side face of the first region and the exhaust gas inlet side end face of the second region, and the speed of rotation is selected such that the maximum of the temperature front approximately approaches the filter located.
  • the body used in the method is preferably at least partially catalytically coated, so that NOx storage of the exhaust gas is effected during the lean phases of the internal combustion engine.
  • a continuous NOx storage regeneration process can be brought about by adding reducing agents to the body.
  • the method according to the invention for desulfating the device according to the invention for aftertreatment of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, the device being designed as a NOx storage device, has the following steps:
  • FIG. 1a shows a horizontal cross-sectional view through a first embodiment of the device according to the invention for the aftertreatment of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine
  • Fig. 1b shows a vertical cross section through the device of Fig. 1a
  • FIG. 2 shows a horizontal cross-sectional view through a second embodiment of the device according to the invention for the aftertreatment of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine
  • FIG. 1a shows a horizontal cross section through a first preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention for the aftertreatment of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine.
  • Raw exhaust gas from an engine flows through an exhaust gas supply 1 into an outer end face 2, a first region B1 of a cylindrical body 4, which is traversed by channels 3.
  • the channels 3 run in the radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation 9 formed by the axis of symmetry of the cylinder.
  • the channels 3 arranged perpendicular to the axis of rotation 9 are at least partially catalytically coated, as has already been mentioned above.
  • the exhaust gas After the exhaust gas emerges from the inner end face 5 of the body 4, which is formed by an axial cavity 7 formed centrally in the body, the exhaust gas passes through a particle filter 6 arranged in the cavity 7 and passes through the outer end face 5 into an opposite second one Area B2 and enters an outflow channel 8 on the outer end face 2 of the second area B2.
  • 1 a shows that the first area and the second area are limited to three channels 3 by the inflow channel 1 and the outflow channel 8. This is not absolutely necessary.
  • Another construction of the housing 10 enclosing the body 4 can ensure that the inflowing and outflowing exhaust gas each reach a first and second region B1, B2 of a maximum of 180 °. In other words, the first and the second region can comprise at most half of the body 4.
  • FIG. 1b shows a vertical section through the device according to the invention.
  • the filter 6, which generally rotates synchronously with the body 4, is arranged in the interior of the body 4 through which the channels 3 pass.
  • the body 4 and the filter 6 are arranged in a corresponding housing 10. The rotation takes place about an axis of rotation 9, which can serve as the supply of additional fuel for combustion in a catalytically active filter or in the rotor matrix, ie the body 4.
  • the filter 6 flowing through the body 4 the temperature rises on the inlet side due to the catalytic conversion of CO and HC present in the exhaust gas during the passage through the catalytically coated channels 3.
  • nitrogen oxides can be chemically absorbed if the channels 3 are coated with a NOx-absorbing catalyst.
  • the temperature maximum is reached in the middle of the device, in the particle filter 6.
  • the exhaust gas releases its heat again and leaves the rotor 4 at approximately the same temperature as on the inlet side. Without rotation, the temperature front, i.e. the maximum temperature driven out of the device.
  • the temperature font is driven back into the system again and again.
  • a periodically stationary profile is created, the maximum of which lies in the area of the filter 6.
  • FIG. 2 shows a horizontal cross-sectional view through a second embodiment of the device according to the invention for the aftertreatment of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, in which the device is operated as a pure NOx storage catalytic converter.
  • Fig. 2 shows a body 4 rotating about its longitudinal axis, which is coated as a NOx storage catalytic converter, which is used as a regenerative heat exchanger.
  • the body 4 has a large number of fine channels 3 in the radial direction and the exhaust gas flows radially through it, namely the exhaust gas is supplied to it via an inflow channel 1 and is discharged via an outflow channel 8, as a result of which first and second regions B1, B2, as in the case of the first Embodiment are formed.
  • the body has an axial cavity 7 which is delimited by the inner end face 5 of the body 4. The axial cavity serves for the fluidic connection of the channels 3 of the first and the second region B1, B2.
  • the inner part, represented as a circular ring T1 of the channels 3 is equipped with a NOx-storing Coated catalyst.
  • the outer part of the channels, represented by a circular ring T2 is not coated and does not participate in the catalysis, it only functions as a heat exchanger. Due to the radial flow with simultaneous rotation, a temperature profile can be set in the body 4, which is located on the inlet and outlet sides of the outer end face 2 of the body approximately at the exhaust gas temperature and rises steeply towards approximately 350 to 400 ° C. towards the center . This means that part of the catalytic converter is always in an optimal temperature range for NOx storage.
  • the rotating arrangement of the catalyst ie the body 4, ensures the best possible heat recovery according to the regenerator principle. With ideal thermal insulation and correct dimensioning and rotation speed, the heat once entered will no longer leave the system. The heat losses actually occurring are compensated for by the heat of reaction which is released in the T1 area during the pollutant oxidation.
  • the ignition temperature of approx. 200 ° C must be reached in the catalytically active area T2.
  • an electrical heating element 11 can be provided in the middle of the body 4.
  • the temperature required for the conversion of pollutants can also be achieved by suitably selected engine parameters (in particular in the case of common rail injection, for example by varying the injection timing, the injection process, the injection quantity, and / or post-injection).
  • the measures are ended after the ignition temperature has been reached.
  • the further temperature increase only takes place by a brief increase in the pollutant concentrations, which raises the catalyst temperature through the heat of reaction released in the area T1 during the conversion of the pollutants. This increase in the pollutant concentration can either be done by a separate fuel metering in the middle of the body 4, or can also be brought about by motor parameters.
  • the rotation of the body 4 is realized by a suitable electrical or mechanical drive (not shown).
  • the body 4 is mounted on a rotatably mounted shaft or axis of rotation 9, which is set in rotation by the above-mentioned drive.
  • the additional fuel can also be introduced through this shaft 9.
  • the speed of rotation can be determined with the help of suitable information Engine control unit to be adapted to the operating state of the vehicle engine.
  • the body 4 is arranged in a suitable fixed housing 10.
  • the regeneration of the NOx storage catalytic converter takes place in the known manner by engine enrichment of the exhaust gas.
  • the catalyst must be desulfated from time to time, as has already been described above. This is done thermally at temperatures above 600 ° C. As already mentioned above, in the system described an almost arbitrary temperature increase can be achieved by increasing the pollutant concentration or its oxidation. By appropriately controlling the speed of rotation and the concentration of pollutants, the catalyst can be kept at the required high temperatures for the required time of several minutes. As already described above, the energy consumption is significantly lower compared to conventional systems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for post-treating the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. The inventive device comprises a body (4) through which exhaust gases flow and which is rotatably placed in the flow of said exhaust gases, as well as a filter (6) which can rotate with said body (4). The rotation speed of the body (4) is selected so that a major part of the temperature front which forms in the body remains in said body. Preferably, said body is in the form of a cylinder with an axial cavity (7) which houses the filter (6) and through which channels (3) extend in the radial direction (3). The rotation axis of said cylinder is perpendicular to the direction of flow of the exhaust gases. When the body is in the form of a NOx accumulating catalyst, removal of nitric oxide can be achieved by cyclic enrichment of the exhaust gases or by introduction of extra fuel in the inventive device. Thus, desulfurization of the catalyst is triggered by a corresponding command of rotation of said catalyst.

Description

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung der Motorabgase einer Device and method for the aftertreatment of the engine exhaust gases
BrennkraftmaschineInternal combustion engine
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung der Motorabgase einer Brennkraftmaschine, und betrifft insbesondere eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung von Rußpartikeln und/oder Stickoxiden im Abgasstrom.The invention relates to a device and a method for the aftertreatment of the engine exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, and in particular relates to a device and a method for the aftertreatment of soot particles and / or nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas stream.
Bekannte NOx-Katalysatoren absorbieren die während des Magerbetriebs eines Motors erzeugten Stickoxide und reduzieren das gespeicherte NOx während eines Fettbetriebs des Motors, wobei die bekannten Verfahren diskontinuierlich sind und das Speichern und Reduzieren der Stickoxide in zeitlich unterschiedlichen Phasen abläuft. Um ein derartiges Verfahren durchführen zu können, muß der Speicher nach einer gewissen Zeit aufgrund seiner endlichen Aufnahmekapazität entleert werden. Dies geschieht entweder nach Ablauf einer fest vorgegebenen Zeit oder es muß der Füllungsgrad des Katalysators bestimmt werden. Wird der Speicher nach Ablauf einer fest vorgegebenen Zeit regeneriert, so hat dies den Nachteil, daß aus Sicherheitsgründen die Speicherkapazität des Katalysators nicht voll ausgenutzt wird, so daß kein optimaler Motorbetrieb hinsichtlich Verbrauch und Abgasverhalten möglich ist. Wird der Speicher regeneriert, wenn ein bestimmter Füllungsgrad des Speichers erreicht ist, so hat dies den Nachteil, daß eine zusätzliche Vorrichtung benötigt wird, die den Füllungsgrad des NOx-Speicherkatalysators bestimmt. Dabei ist die exakte Bestimmung des Füilungsgrades des Speichers schwierig, so daß auch hier auf den regenerativen Betrieb umgeschaltet wird, wenn der Speicher noch nicht vollständig gefüllt ist. Dies führt letztlich ebenfalls zu einem nicht optimalen Betrieb des Motors. Ferner gilt für beide Verfahren, daß während des Fettbetriebs des Motors kein optimales Abgasverhalten erzielt und für den zyklischen Motorbetrieb eine komplizierte Motorsteuerung benötigt wird.Known NOx catalysts absorb the nitrogen oxides generated during the lean operation of an engine and reduce the stored NOx during rich operation of the engine, the known processes being discontinuous and the storage and reduction of the nitrogen oxides taking place in different phases. In order to be able to carry out such a method, the memory must be emptied after a certain time due to its finite absorption capacity. This either happens after a fixed predetermined time or the degree of filling of the catalyst must be determined. If the memory is regenerated after a predefined time has elapsed, this has the disadvantage that the storage capacity of the catalytic converter is not fully utilized for safety reasons, so that optimum engine operation with regard to consumption and exhaust gas behavior is not possible. If the storage is regenerated when a certain filling level of the storage is reached, this has the disadvantage that an additional device is required which determines the filling level of the NOx storage catalytic converter. The exact determination of the degree of filling of the memory is difficult, so that here too the switch is made to regenerative operation when the memory is not yet completely filled. Ultimately, this also leads to less than optimal operation of the engine. Furthermore, it applies to both methods that optimal exhaust gas behavior is not achieved during rich engine operation and complicated engine control is required for cyclic engine operation.
Ferner wird für eine hinreichend gute Funktion eines NOx-Speicher-Katalysators eine Mindesttemperatur von ca. 250°C benötigt. Ist das vom Motor kommende Abgas zu kalt, kann das Verfahren nur funktionieren, wenn der Katalysator auf diese Mindesttemperatur geheizt wird. Dabei treten Wärmeverluste auf, wodurch der Energiebedarf stark erhöht wird.Furthermore, a minimum temperature of approximately 250 ° C. is required for a NOx storage catalytic converter to function adequately. If the exhaust gas coming from the engine is too cold, the process can only work if the catalytic converter is on it Minimum temperature is heated. This causes heat losses, which greatly increases the energy requirement.
Ferner treten im Abgas von Dieselmotoren Rußpartikel auf, die nicht an die Umwelt abgegeben werden können. Zur Nachbehandlung derartiger mit Rußpartikeln behafteter Angase werden in einer bekannten Vorrichtung die Rußpartikel zurückgehalten und zyklisch mit dem Erreichen eines bestimmten Füllungsgrades des Rußfilters dieser entweder ausgewechselt oder die zurückgehaltenen Rußpartikel mit einer entsprechenden Heizvorrichtung entzündet und verbrannt. Beide Vorgehensweisen sind für einen kontinuierlichen Einsatz unbefriedigend.In addition, soot particles occur in the exhaust gas of diesel engines that cannot be released into the environment. For the aftertreatment of such gases containing soot particles, the soot particles are retained in a known device and are cyclically replaced when the soot filter reaches a certain filling level, or the retained soot particles are ignited and burned with an appropriate heating device. Both approaches are unsatisfactory for continuous use.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Behandlung des Abgasstroms einer Brennkraftmaschine zu entwickeln, die einen optimaleren Motorbetrieb ermöglichen.The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a device and a method for treating the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine, which enable optimal engine operation.
Die Erfindung wird durch die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 , 24 und 27 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The invention is solved by the features of claims 1, 24 and 27. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Nachbehandlung der Motorabgase eine Brennkraftmaschine weist einen Körper oder Monolithen mit vom Abgas durchströmten Kanälen auf, der im Abgasstrom drehbar angeordnet ist. Unter Monolith wird hier ein Körper verstanden, der einstückig aus Keramik, aus metallischen Trägermateriaiien oder aus keramischen oder metallischen Segmenten, die in einer Aufnahmestruktur angeordnet sind, bestehen kann.The device according to the invention for the aftertreatment of the engine exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine has a body or monolith with channels through which the exhaust gas flows and which is rotatably arranged in the exhaust gas flow. Monolith is understood here to mean a body which can be made in one piece from ceramic, from metallic carrier materials or from ceramic or metallic segments which are arranged in a receiving structure.
Ferner weist die Vorrichtung einen Zuströmkanal auf, der mit einem Teil (B1) der Kanäle des Körpers in Strömungsverbindung steht. Ferner ist eine Strömungsverbindung vorgesehen ist, die mit dem von dem Zuströmkanal angeströmten Teil B1 der Kanäle ausgangsseitig in Verbindung steht und diesen strömungsmäßig mit einem Teil B2 der Kanäle verbindet, der nicht mit dem Zuströmkanal in Strömungsverbindung steht.Furthermore, the device has an inflow channel which is in flow connection with a part (B1) of the channels of the body. Furthermore, a flow connection is provided, which is connected on the output side to the part B1 of the ducts flowed against by the inflow duct and connects this in terms of flow to a part B2 of the ducts which is not in flow connection to the inflow duct.
Vorzugsweise ist der Körper oder Monolith in zwei Bereiche B1 , B2 unterteilt ist, wobei das Abgas an der vorderen Stirnfläche des Körpers in den ersten Bereichs B1 eintritt, an der hinteren Stirnfläche des ersten Bereichs B1 austritt, durch den dort angebrachten Filter hindurchtritt, in eine Stirnfläche des zweiten Bereichs B2 eintritt und den zweiten Bereich B2 an der anderen Stirnfläche 2 verläßt, wobei der Körper 4 sich während der Durchströmung um eine Achse im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung des Abgasstroms dreht.The body or monolith is preferably divided into two areas B1, B2, the exhaust gas entering the first area B1 on the front face of the body, exiting on the rear face of the first area B1, passing through the filter attached there, into one End face of the second area B2 enters and leaves the second area B2 on the other end face 2, the body 4 during the Flow around an axis essentially perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas stream.
Vorzugsweise weist der Körper eine zylindrische Form auf, wobei die Kanäle sich in radialer Richtung erstrecken. Der Körper hat in axialer Richtung eine zylindrische Aussparung, mit anderen Worten, der Zylinder ist in axialer Richtung hohl. Dabei kann der Körper aus Metall oder Keramik bestehen, wobei er sowohl einstückig oder aus Segmenten zusammensetzbar ausgebildet sein kann. Besteht der Körper aus Segmenten, so sind diese so von Kanälen durchzogen, daß sich die Kanäle nach dem zusammensetzen der Segmente in radiale Richtung bezüglich der Symmetrieachse des Zylinders .erstrecken.The body preferably has a cylindrical shape, the channels extending in the radial direction. The body has a cylindrical recess in the axial direction, in other words the cylinder is hollow in the axial direction. The body can consist of metal or ceramic, whereby it can be formed in one piece or assembled from segments. If the body consists of segments, these are traversed by channels so that the channels extend in radial direction with respect to the axis of symmetry of the cylinder after the segments have been assembled.
Vorzugsweise umfaßt die Vorrichtung einen Filter, der drehbar angeordnet sein kann, wobei sich der Filter insbesondere mit dem Monolithen drehen kann, wobei im Falle des zylindrischen Körpers mit dem axialen Hohlraum der Filter in diesem angeordnet ist. Der Filter kann dabei feststehend sein oder sich mit dem Körper mitdrehen, wobei die Drehgeschwindigkeit nicht mit der Drehgeschwindigkeit des Körpers identisch sein muß.Preferably, the device comprises a filter which can be rotatably arranged, the filter in particular being able to rotate with the monolith, in the case of the cylindrical body with the axial cavity the filter being arranged therein. The filter can be stationary or rotate with the body, the speed of rotation not having to be identical to the speed of rotation of the body.
Ferner weist die Brennkraftmaschine eine direkte Kraftstoffeinspritzung in den Brennraum auf und /oder ist eine Dieselkraftstoffmaschine.Furthermore, the internal combustion engine has a direct fuel injection into the combustion chamber and / or is a diesel fuel engine.
Vorzugsweise weist der Filter ein Heizelement auf, das dazu dient, den Filter nach einem Kaltstart auf Betriebstemperatur zu bringen. Nach Erreichen der erforderlichen Temperatur kann das Heizelement abgeschaltet werden. Grundsätzlich ist eine zusätzliche Zuheizung nur dann vorgesehen, wenn die motorischen Bedingungen (Abgastemperatur ) nicht zu einem Rußabbrand führen. Insbesondere kann die erforderliche Temperatur zur Schadstoffumsetzung alternativ oder unterstützend auch durch geeignet gewählte motorische Parameter (Einspritzmenge, Einspritzverlauf, Nacheinspritzung) schnell erreicht werden, auch hier werden die motorischen Parameter auf ihre Normalbedingungen zurückgeführt, wenn die gewünschte Temperatur erreicht ist.The filter preferably has a heating element which serves to bring the filter to operating temperature after a cold start. After reaching the required temperature, the heating element can be switched off. In principle, additional heating is only provided if the engine conditions (exhaust gas temperature) do not lead to soot burn-off. In particular, the temperature required for the conversion of pollutants can alternatively or in a supportive manner also be quickly achieved by suitably selected engine parameters (injection quantity, injection course, post-injection); here, too, the engine parameters are returned to their normal conditions when the desired temperature has been reached.
Ferner kann der Körper zur Schadstoffreduzierung, insbesondere zur Reduktion von NOx, HC und/oder CO, zumindest teilweise katalytisch beschichtet sein. Femer weist die Vorrichtung ein feststehendes Gehäuse (12) auf, in dem der sich um seine Längsachse drehende Körper angeordnet ist. Vorzugsweise ist das Gehäuse aus einem nichtmetallischen Werkstoff.Furthermore, the body can be at least partially catalytically coated to reduce pollutants, in particular to reduce NOx, HC and / or CO. The device also has a fixed housing (12) in which the body rotating about its longitudinal axis is arranged. The housing is preferably made of a non-metallic material.
Die Drehung des Körpers erfolgt vorzugsweise durch eine Antriebseinheit. Die Antriebseinheit kann durch einen Elektromotor gebildet werden. Es ist auch möglich, daß die Antriebseinheit durch ein äußeres magnetisches Feld und innerhalb des Gehäuses angeordnete Magnete gebildet wird. Ferner kann der Körper auch nach Art einer Turbine durch den Abgasstrom gedreht werden. Vorzugsweise beträgt die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit des Körpers (4) ca. 0,3 bis 10 U/min, wobei die Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit so gewählt wird, daß das Maximum der sich einstellenden Temperaturverteilung innerhalb des Körpers, vorzugsweise am Ort des Filters, verbleibt.The body is preferably rotated by a drive unit. The drive unit can be formed by an electric motor. It is also possible for the drive unit to be formed by an external magnetic field and magnets arranged inside the housing. Furthermore, the body can also be rotated through the exhaust gas flow in the manner of a turbine. The speed of rotation of the body (4) is preferably approximately 0.3 to 10 rpm, the speed of rotation being selected so that the maximum of the temperature distribution which arises remains inside the body, preferably at the location of the filter.
Ferner kann die Vorrichtung ein Mittel zur Einbringung von zusätzlichem Kraftstoff aufweisen, um eine Reduktion des NOx-Abgasbestandteils zu bewirken, wenn der Motor mager betrieben werden kann. Vorzugsweise ist das Mittel zur Einbringung von zusätzlichem Kraftstoff in der Drehachse des Körpers angeordnet ist.Furthermore, the device can have a means for introducing additional fuel in order to bring about a reduction in the NOx exhaust gas component when the engine can be operated lean. The means for introducing additional fuel is preferably arranged in the axis of rotation of the body.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung des Abgases einer Brennkraftmaschine, wobei im Abgasstrom ein Körper angeordnet ist, der in Abgasströmungsrichtung mit Kanälen durchzogen und in zwei Bereiche unterteilt ist, weist die folgenden Schritte auf:The method according to the invention for the aftertreatment of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, a body being arranged in the exhaust gas flow and having channels in the exhaust gas flow direction and being divided into two areas, has the following steps:
Leiten des Abgasstroms in die vordere Stirnfläche eines ersten Bereiches,Directing the exhaust gas flow into the front end face of a first area,
Leiten des Abgasstroms an der hinteren Stirnfläche des ersten Bereiches in eine Stirnfläche eines zweiten Bereiches und Entlassen des Abgasstroms an der anderen Stirnfläche des zweiten Bereiches, undDirecting the exhaust gas flow at the rear end face of the first area into an end face of a second area and releasing the exhaust gas flow at the other end face of the second area, and
Drehen des Körper während des Betriebs um eine Achse, so daß die Kanäle vom ersten Bereich in den zweiten Bereich wechseln.Rotating the body around an axis during operation so that the channels change from the first area to the second area.
Ferner wird der Körper mit einer solchen Geschwindigkeit um seine Achse gedreht wird, daß eine Erwärmung des zweiten Bereichs durch den Abgasstrom zu einer Erwärmung des Abgasstroms durch den ersten Bereich führt. Vorzugsweise wird eine Retention der Rußpartikel des Abgasstroms an einem Filter bewirkt wird, der zwischen der abgasausgangseitigen Stirnfläche der ersten Bereichs und der abgaseingangsseitigen Stirnfläche des zweiten Bereichs angeordnet ist, und die Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit wird so gewählt, daß das Maximum der Temperaturfront sich in etwa an dem Filter befindet.Furthermore, the body is rotated about its axis at such a speed that heating of the second region by the exhaust gas flow leads to heating of the exhaust gas flow by the first region. A retention of the soot particles of the exhaust gas flow is preferably effected on a filter which is arranged between the exhaust gas outlet side face of the first region and the exhaust gas inlet side end face of the second region, and the speed of rotation is selected such that the maximum of the temperature front approximately approaches the filter located.
Vorzugsweise ist der in dem Verfahren verwendete Körper zumindest teilweise katalytisch beschichtet, so daß eine NOx-Speicherung des Abgases während der Magerphasen der Brennkraftmaschine bewirkt wird. Durch eine Zugabe von Reduktionsmitteln in den Körper kann ein kontinuierliches NOx-Speicher- Regenerationsverfahren bewirkt werden.The body used in the method is preferably at least partially catalytically coated, so that NOx storage of the exhaust gas is effected during the lean phases of the internal combustion engine. A continuous NOx storage regeneration process can be brought about by adding reducing agents to the body.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Desulfatierung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Nachbehandlung der Abgase einer Brennkraftmaschine, wobei die Vorrichtung als NOx-Speicher ausgelegt ist, weist die folgenden Schritte auf:The method according to the invention for desulfating the device according to the invention for aftertreatment of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, the device being designed as a NOx storage device, has the following steps:
Verlangsamen oder Aussetzten der Rotation des Körpers bei gleichzeitiger Erhöhung der Schadstoffmenge im Abgas zu Beginn der Desulfatisierung, bis ein entstehendes Temperaturmaximum in oder durch den zweiten Bereich, insbesondere nahe der abgasaustrittsseitigen Stirnfläche des zweiten Bereichs gewandert ist,Slowing or stopping the rotation of the body while simultaneously increasing the amount of pollutants in the exhaust gas at the beginning of the desulfation until a temperature maximum has migrated into or through the second region, in particular near the end face of the second region on the exhaust outlet side,
Drehen des Körpers bis der zweite Bereich die Stelle des ersten Bereichs zumindest überwiegend einnimmt, so daß das Temperaturmaximum überwiegend im ersten Bereich liegt, und Aussetzen der Rotation, bis das Temperaturmaximum zumindest in den zweiten Bereich gelangt ist,Rotating the body until the second area at least predominantly takes the place of the first area, so that the temperature maximum is predominantly in the first area, and suspending the rotation until the temperature maximum has reached at least the second area,
Heruntersetzen der Nacheinspritzung und erneute Drehung des Körpers.Decrease post-injection and re-rotate the body.
Dabei kann es notwendig sein, daß die Verlangsamung der Drehung bzw. der Stopp mehrmals wiederholt wird, bis im wesentlichen alle Bereiche entschwefelt sind. Die kontinuierliche Rotation des Körpers wird wieder aufgenommen, wenn das Temperaturmaximum sich in etwa an der Schnittstelle der beiden Bereiche befindet. Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert.It may be necessary to repeat the slowdown of the rotation or the stop several times until essentially all areas have been desulfurized. The continuous rotation of the body is resumed when the temperature maximum is approximately at the interface of the two areas. A preferred embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1a zeigt eine horizontale Querschnittsansicht durch eine erste Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Nachbehandlung des Abgases einer Brennkraftmaschine,1a shows a horizontal cross-sectional view through a first embodiment of the device according to the invention for the aftertreatment of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine,
Fig. 1b zeigt einen vertikalen Querschnitt durch die Vorrichtung der Fig. 1a, undFig. 1b shows a vertical cross section through the device of Fig. 1a, and
Fig. 2 zeigt eine horizontale Querschnittsansicht durch eine zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Nachbehandlung des Abgases einer Brennkraftmaschine2 shows a horizontal cross-sectional view through a second embodiment of the device according to the invention for the aftertreatment of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine
Fig. 1a zeigt einen horizontalen Querschnitt durch eine erste bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Nachbehandlung des Abgases einer Brennkraftmaschine. Rohabgas eines Motors (nicht dargestellt) strömt durch eine Abgaszuführung 1 in eine äußere Stirnfläche 2 einen ersten Bereich B1 eines zylinderförmigen Körpers 4, der mit Kanälen 3 durchzogen ist. Die Kanäle 3 verlaufen dabei in radialer Richtung bezüglich der durch die Symmetrieachse des Zylinders gebildete Drehachse 9. Die senkrecht zur Drehachse 9 angeordneten Kanäle 3 sind zumindest teilweise katalytisch beschichtet, wie dies oben bereits erwähnt wurde. Nach dem Austreten des Abgases aus der inneren Stirnfläche 5 des Körpers 4, die durch einen zentral in dem Körpers ausgebildeten axialen Hohlraum 7 gebildet wird, tritt das Abgas durch einen im Hohlraum 7 angeordneten Partikelfilter 6 und tritt durch die äußere Stirnfläche 5 in einen gegenüberliegenden zweiten Bereichs B2 ein und tritt an der äußeren Stirnfläche 2 des zweiten Bereichs B2 in einen Abströmkanal 8 ein. In der Fig. 1 a ist dargestellt, daß der erste Bereich und der zweite Bereich durch den Zuströmkanal 1 und den Abströmkanal 8 auf jeweils drei Kanäle 3 begrenzt ist. Dies ist nicht zwingend notwendig. Durch eine andere Konstruktion des den Körper 4 umschließendes Gehäuses 10 kann erreicht werden, daß das einströmende und ausströmende Abgas jeweils einen ersten und zweiten Bereich B1 , B2 von maximal 180° erreicht. Mit anderen Worten, der erste und der zweite Bereich kann maximal die Hälfte des Körpers 4 umfassen. Fig. 1b zeigt einen vertikalen Schnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung. Im Innern des von Kanälen 3 durchzogenen Körpers 4 ist der Filter 6 angeordnet, der sich i.a. synchron mit dem Körper 4 dreht. Der Körper 4 und der Filter 6 sind in einem entsprechenden Gehäuse 10 angeordnet. Die Drehung erfolgt um eine Drehachse 9, die als Zufuhr von zusätzlichen Kraftstoff zur Verbrennung in einem katalytisch aktiven Filter oder in der Rotormatrix, d.h. dem Körper 4, dienen kann.1a shows a horizontal cross section through a first preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention for the aftertreatment of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. Raw exhaust gas from an engine (not shown) flows through an exhaust gas supply 1 into an outer end face 2, a first region B1 of a cylindrical body 4, which is traversed by channels 3. The channels 3 run in the radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation 9 formed by the axis of symmetry of the cylinder. The channels 3 arranged perpendicular to the axis of rotation 9 are at least partially catalytically coated, as has already been mentioned above. After the exhaust gas emerges from the inner end face 5 of the body 4, which is formed by an axial cavity 7 formed centrally in the body, the exhaust gas passes through a particle filter 6 arranged in the cavity 7 and passes through the outer end face 5 into an opposite second one Area B2 and enters an outflow channel 8 on the outer end face 2 of the second area B2. 1 a shows that the first area and the second area are limited to three channels 3 by the inflow channel 1 and the outflow channel 8. This is not absolutely necessary. Another construction of the housing 10 enclosing the body 4 can ensure that the inflowing and outflowing exhaust gas each reach a first and second region B1, B2 of a maximum of 180 °. In other words, the first and the second region can comprise at most half of the body 4. 1b shows a vertical section through the device according to the invention. The filter 6, which generally rotates synchronously with the body 4, is arranged in the interior of the body 4 through which the channels 3 pass. The body 4 and the filter 6 are arranged in a corresponding housing 10. The rotation takes place about an axis of rotation 9, which can serve as the supply of additional fuel for combustion in a catalytically active filter or in the rotor matrix, ie the body 4.
Durch die Durchströmung des Körpers 4 mit dem Filter 6 steigt auf der Eingangsseite die Temperatur durch katalytische Umsetzung von im Abgas vorhandenem CO und HC während des Durchtritts durch die katalytisch beschichteten Kanäle 3 an. Gleichzeitig können Stickoxide chemisch absorbiert werden, falls die Kanäle 3 mit einem NOx- absorbierenden Katalysator beschichtet sind. Das Temperaturmaximum wird in der Mitte der Vorrichtung, im Partikelfilter 6 erreicht. Beim weiteren Durchtritt durch den Körper 4 oder Rotor gibt das Abgas seine Wärme wieder ab und verläßt den Rotor 4 mit etwa der gleichen Temperatur wie auf der Eingangsseite. Ohne Rotation würde die Temperaturfront, d.h. die Maximumtemperatur, aus der Vorrichtung hinausgetrieben. Durch die Drehung des Rotors 4 wird die Temperaturfont immer wieder in das System zurückgetrieben. Im Mittel entsteht ein periodisch stationäres Profil, dessen Maximum im Bereich des Filters 6 liegt.As a result of the filter 6 flowing through the body 4, the temperature rises on the inlet side due to the catalytic conversion of CO and HC present in the exhaust gas during the passage through the catalytically coated channels 3. At the same time, nitrogen oxides can be chemically absorbed if the channels 3 are coated with a NOx-absorbing catalyst. The temperature maximum is reached in the middle of the device, in the particle filter 6. Upon further passage through the body 4 or rotor, the exhaust gas releases its heat again and leaves the rotor 4 at approximately the same temperature as on the inlet side. Without rotation, the temperature front, i.e. the maximum temperature driven out of the device. By turning the rotor 4, the temperature font is driven back into the system again and again. On average, a periodically stationary profile is created, the maximum of which lies in the area of the filter 6.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine horizontale Querschnittsansicht durch eine zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Nachbehandlung des Abgases einer Brennkraftmaschine, in der die Vorrichtung als reiner NOx-Speicherkatalysator betrieben wird.2 shows a horizontal cross-sectional view through a second embodiment of the device according to the invention for the aftertreatment of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, in which the device is operated as a pure NOx storage catalytic converter.
Fig. 2 zeigt einen sich um seine Längsachse drehender Körper 4, der als NOx- Speicherkatalysator beschichtet ist, der als regenerativer Wärmetauscher eingesetzt wird. Der Körper 4 besitzt in radialer Richtung sehr viele feine Kanäle 3 und wird radial vom Abgas durchströmt, und zwar wird Ihm das Abgas über einen Zuströmkanal 1 zugeführt und über einen Abströmkanal 8 abgeleitet, wodurch erste und zweite Bereiche B1 , B2 wie im Fall der ersten Ausführungsform gebildet werden. Ferner weist der Körper einen axialen Hohlraum 7 auf, der von der inneren Stirnfläche 5 des Körpers 4 begrenzt wird. Der axiale Hohlraum dient zur strömungsmäßigen Verbindung der Kanäle 3 des ersten und des zweiten Bereichs B1 , B2. Vorteilhafterweise findet keine Strömungsumlenkung statt, wodurch der Druckverlust niedrig gehalten wird. Der innere Teil, dargestellt als Kreisring T1 , der Kanäle 3 wird mit einem NOx-speicherndem Katalysator beschichtet. Der äußere Teil der Kanäle, dargestellt durch einen Kreisring T2, wird nicht beschichtet und nimmt nicht an der Katalyse teil, er hat nur die Funktion des Wärmetauschers. Durch die radiale Durchströmung bei gleichzeitiger Drehung läßt sich in dem Körper 4 ein Temperaturprofil einstellen, das sich an den Ein- bzw. Austrittsseiten der äußeren Stirnfläche 2 des Körpers etwa auf Abgastemperatur befindet und zur Mitte hin steil auf ca. 350 bis 400°C ansteigt. Dadurch befindet sich ein Teil des Katalysators immer in einem optimalen Temperaturbereich für die NOx- Speicherung. Die rotierende Anordnung des Katalysators, d.h. des Körpers 4, sorgt für eine bestmögliche Wärmerückgewinnung nach dem Regeneratorprinzip. Bei idealer Wärmedämmung und richtiger Dimensionierung und Rotationsgeschwindigkeit wird die einmal eingetragene Wärme das System nicht mehr verlassen. Die real auftretenden Wärmeverluste werden durch die Reaktionswärme, die bei der Schadstoffoxidation im Bereich T1 frei wird, ausgeglichen.Fig. 2 shows a body 4 rotating about its longitudinal axis, which is coated as a NOx storage catalytic converter, which is used as a regenerative heat exchanger. The body 4 has a large number of fine channels 3 in the radial direction and the exhaust gas flows radially through it, namely the exhaust gas is supplied to it via an inflow channel 1 and is discharged via an outflow channel 8, as a result of which first and second regions B1, B2, as in the case of the first Embodiment are formed. Furthermore, the body has an axial cavity 7 which is delimited by the inner end face 5 of the body 4. The axial cavity serves for the fluidic connection of the channels 3 of the first and the second region B1, B2. Advantageously, there is no flow deflection, which keeps the pressure loss low. The inner part, represented as a circular ring T1, of the channels 3 is equipped with a NOx-storing Coated catalyst. The outer part of the channels, represented by a circular ring T2, is not coated and does not participate in the catalysis, it only functions as a heat exchanger. Due to the radial flow with simultaneous rotation, a temperature profile can be set in the body 4, which is located on the inlet and outlet sides of the outer end face 2 of the body approximately at the exhaust gas temperature and rises steeply towards approximately 350 to 400 ° C. towards the center . This means that part of the catalytic converter is always in an optimal temperature range for NOx storage. The rotating arrangement of the catalyst, ie the body 4, ensures the best possible heat recovery according to the regenerator principle. With ideal thermal insulation and correct dimensioning and rotation speed, the heat once entered will no longer leave the system. The heat losses actually occurring are compensated for by the heat of reaction which is released in the T1 area during the pollutant oxidation.
Zum Anfahren des kalten Systems muß in dem katalytisch aktiven Bereich T2 die Zündtemperatur von ca. 200°C erreicht werden. Hierfür kann in der Mitte des Körpers 4 ein elektrisches Heizelement 11 vorgesehen werden. Alternativ und/oder unterstützend kann die für die Schadstoffumsetzung erforderliche Temperatur auch durch geeignet gewählte motorische Parameter (insbesondere bei Common-Rail-Einspritzung beispielsweise durch die Variation des Einspritzzeitpunkts, des Einspritzverlaufs, der Einspritzmenge, und/oder Nacheinspritzung) erreicht werden. Nach Erreichen der Zündtemperatur werden die Maßnahmen beendet. Die weitere Temperaturanhebung findet nur noch durch eine kurzzeitig Erhöhung der Schadstoffkonzentrationen statt, die die Katalysatortemperatur durch die bei der Umsetzung der Schadstoffe im Bereich T1 freiwerdende Reaktionswärme anhebt. Diese Erhöhung der Schadstoffkonzentration kann entweder durch eine separate Kraftstoff-Eindosierung in der Mitte des Körpers 4 erfolgen, oder ebenfalls durch motorische Parameter herbei geführt werden.To start the cold system, the ignition temperature of approx. 200 ° C must be reached in the catalytically active area T2. For this purpose, an electrical heating element 11 can be provided in the middle of the body 4. As an alternative and / or as a support, the temperature required for the conversion of pollutants can also be achieved by suitably selected engine parameters (in particular in the case of common rail injection, for example by varying the injection timing, the injection process, the injection quantity, and / or post-injection). The measures are ended after the ignition temperature has been reached. The further temperature increase only takes place by a brief increase in the pollutant concentrations, which raises the catalyst temperature through the heat of reaction released in the area T1 during the conversion of the pollutants. This increase in the pollutant concentration can either be done by a separate fuel metering in the middle of the body 4, or can also be brought about by motor parameters.
Die Rotation des Körpers 4 wird durch einen geeigneten elektrischen oder mechanischen Antrieb (nicht dargestellt) realisiert. Dazu wird der Körper 4 auf einer drehbar gelagerten Welle oder Drehachse 9 montiert, welche vom oben genannten Antrieb in Rotation versetzt wird. Durch diese Welle 9 kann auch die zusätzliche Kraftstoffeinbringung vorgenommen werden. Bei Verwendung eines Elektromotors kann die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit mit Hilfe von geeigneten Informationen aus dem Motorsteuergerät an den Betriebszustand des Fahrzeugmotors angepaßt werden. Ferner ist der Körper 4 in einem geeigneten feststehenden Gehäuse 10 angeordnet.The rotation of the body 4 is realized by a suitable electrical or mechanical drive (not shown). For this purpose, the body 4 is mounted on a rotatably mounted shaft or axis of rotation 9, which is set in rotation by the above-mentioned drive. The additional fuel can also be introduced through this shaft 9. When using an electric motor, the speed of rotation can be determined with the help of suitable information Engine control unit to be adapted to the operating state of the vehicle engine. Furthermore, the body 4 is arranged in a suitable fixed housing 10.
Die Regeneration des NOx-Speicherkatalysators erfolgt auf die bekannte Weise durch motorisches Anfetten des Abgases.The regeneration of the NOx storage catalytic converter takes place in the known manner by engine enrichment of the exhaust gas.
Bei Verwendung von schwefelhaltigem Kraftstoff muß von Zeit zu Zeit eine Desulfatierung des Katalysators durchgeführt werden, wie dies im vorangegangenen bereits beschrieben wurde. Dies geschieht auf thermischem Wege bei Temperaturen oberhalb 600°C. Wie bereits oben erwähnt, kann in dem beschriebenen System eine fast beliebige Temperaturanhebung durch Erhöhung der Schadstoffkonzentration bzw. deren Oxidation erreicht werden. Durch geeignete Steuerung von Rotationsgeschwindigkeit und der Schadstoffkonzentration kann der Katalysator für die erforderliche Zeit von mehreren Minuten auf den benötigten hohen Temperaturen gehalten werden. Wie bereits oben beschrieben ist der Energieaufwand im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Systemen deutlich geringer.If sulfur-containing fuel is used, the catalyst must be desulfated from time to time, as has already been described above. This is done thermally at temperatures above 600 ° C. As already mentioned above, in the system described an almost arbitrary temperature increase can be achieved by increasing the pollutant concentration or its oxidation. By appropriately controlling the speed of rotation and the concentration of pollutants, the catalyst can be kept at the required high temperatures for the required time of several minutes. As already described above, the energy consumption is significantly lower compared to conventional systems.
Es sind daher die folgenden Ausführungsformen der oben anhand zweier Beispiele beschriebenen Vorrichtung möglich:The following embodiments of the device described above using two examples are therefore possible:
Vorrichtung mit einem im Abgasstrom drehbaren Körper 4 ohne katalytische Beschichtung und ohne Filter zum Erzeugen eines Temperaturmaximums in der Vorrichtung;Device with a body 4 rotatable in the exhaust gas flow without catalytic coating and without filter for generating a temperature maximum in the device;
Vorrichtung mit einem im Abgasstrom drehbaren Körper 4 und einem im Körper 4 angeordneten Filter 6 zum Rußabbrand der Rußpartikel;Device with a body 4 rotatable in the exhaust gas flow and a filter 6 arranged in the body 4 for burning off the soot particles;
Vorrichtung mit einem im Abgasstrom drehbaren Körper 4 und einer zumindest teilweisen katalytischen Beschichtung des Körpers 4;Device with a body 4 rotatable in the exhaust gas flow and an at least partial catalytic coating of the body 4;
Vorrichtung mit einem im Abgasstrom drehbaren Körper 4, sowie einem im Körper 4 angeordneten Filter 6 und einer zumindest teilweisen katalytischen Beschichtung des Körpers. BEZUGSZEICHENLISTEDevice with a body 4 rotatable in the exhaust gas flow, as well as a filter 6 arranged in the body 4 and an at least partial catalytic coating of the body. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Zuström kanal1 inflow channel
2 äußere Stirnfläche2 outer face
3 Kanäle3 channels
4 Körper oder Rotor4 bodies or rotor
5 innere Stirnfläche5 inner face
6 Filter6 filters
7 axialer Hohlraum7 axial cavity
8 Abström kanal8 outlet channel
9 Drehachse9 axis of rotation
10 Gehäuse10 housing
11 elektrisches Heizelement11 electric heating element
B1 erster BereichB1 first area
B2 zweiter BereichB2 second area
T1 innerer KreisringT1 inner ring
T2 äußerer Kreisring T2 outer ring

Claims

PATENTAN S PRÜC H EPATENTAN PRINTING
1. Vorrichtung zur Nachbehandlung der Motorabgase einer Brennkraftmaschine, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung einen Körper (4) mit vom Abgas durchströmten Kanälen (3) aufweist, der im Abgasstrom drehbar angeordnet ist.1. Device for the aftertreatment of the engine exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that the device has a body (4) with channels (3) through which the exhaust gas flows, which is rotatably arranged in the exhaust gas flow.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Zuströmkanal vorgesehen ist, der mit einem Teil (B1) der Kanäle (3) des Körpers (4) in Strömungsverbindung steht.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that an inflow channel is provided which is in flow connection with a part (B1) of the channels (3) of the body (4).
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Strömungsverbindung vorgesehen ist, die mit dem von dem Zuströmkanal angeströmten Teil (B1) der Kanäle (3) ausgangsseitig in Verbindung steht und diesen strömungsmäßig mit einem Teil (B2) der Kanäle (3) verbindet, der nicht mit dem Zuströmkanal in Strömungsverbindung steht.3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that a flow connection is provided which is connected on the outlet side to the part (B1) of the ducts (3) which is flown against by the inflow duct and which is in flow terms with a part (B2) of the ducts (3). connects that is not in flow connection with the inflow channel.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper (4) in zwei Bereiche (B1 , B2) unterteilt ist, wobei das Abgas an der vorderen Stirnfläche (2) des Körpers (4) in den ersten Bereichs (B1) eintritt, an der hinteren Stirnfläche (5) des ersten Bereichs (B1) austritt, in eine Stirnfläche (5) des zweiten Bereichs (B2) eintritt und den zweiten Bereich (B2) an der anderen Stirnfläche (2) verläßt, wobei der Körper (4) sich während der Durchströmung um eine Achse im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung des Abgasstroms dreht.4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (4) is divided into two areas (B1, B2), the exhaust gas on the front end face (2) of the body (4) in the first area (B1 ) occurs, exits at the rear end face (5) of the first area (B1), enters an end face (5) of the second area (B2) and leaves the second area (B2) at the other end face (2), the body (4) rotates about an axis substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the exhaust gas stream during the flow.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung einen Filter (6) aufweist.5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has a filter (6).
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Filter drehbar angeordnet ist, insbesondere zusammen mit dem Körper (4). 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the filter is rotatably arranged, in particular together with the body (4).
7. Vorrichtung Anspruch 4 und nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Filter (6) zwischen der hinteren Stirnfläche (4) der ersten Bereichs (B1) und der Stirnfläche (5) des zweiten Bereichs (B2) angeordnet ist.7. Apparatus claim 4 and according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the filter (6) between the rear end face (4) of the first region (B1) and the end face (5) of the second region (B2) is arranged .
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper (4) zur Schadstoffreduzierung, insbesondere zur Reduktion von NOx, HC und/oder CO, zumindest teilweise (T1) katalytisch beschichtet ist.8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (4) for pollutant reduction, in particular for the reduction of NOx, HC and / or CO, is at least partially (T1) catalytically coated.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper (4) eine zylindrische Form hat, wobei die Kanäle (3) sich in radialer Richtung erstrecken.7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (4) has a cylindrical shape, the channels (3) extending in the radial direction.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper (4) in axialer Richtung eine zylindrische Aussparung (7) aufweist,8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the body (4) has a cylindrical recess (7) in the axial direction,
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der zylindrischen Aussparung (7) der Filter (6) angeordnet ist.9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the filter (6) is arranged in the cylindrical recess (7).
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brennkraftmaschine eine direkte Kraftstoffeinspritzung in den Brennraum aufweist und /oder eine Dieselkraftstoffmaschine ist.10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal combustion engine has a direct fuel injection into the combustion chamber and / or is a diesel fuel machine.
11. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung ein Heizelement (11) aufweist.11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has a heating element (11).
12. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung ein feststehendes Gehäuse (12) aufweist, in dem der sich um seine Längsachse drehende Körper (4) angeordnet ist.12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has a fixed housing (12) in which the body (4) rotating about its longitudinal axis is arranged.
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse aus einem nichtmetallischen Werkstoff ist. 13. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the housing is made of a non-metallic material.
15. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper (4) durch eine Antriebseinheit (9) gedreht wird.15. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (4) is rotated by a drive unit (9).
16. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebseinheit (9) durch einen Elektromotor gebildet wird.16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the drive unit (9) is formed by an electric motor.
17. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebseinheit durch ein äußeres magnetisches Feld und innerhalb des Gehäuses angeordnete Magnete gebildet wird.17. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the drive unit is formed by an external magnetic field and magnets arranged within the housing.
18. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit des Körpers (4) ca. 0,3 bis 10 U/min beträgt.18. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotational speed of the body (4) is approximately 0.3 to 10 U / min.
19. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper (4) aus Metall oder Keramik ist.19. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (4) is made of metal or ceramic.
20. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper (4) ein Monolith ist.20. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (4) is a monolith.
21. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper (4) aus Segmenten besteht, die von Kanälen (3) durchzogen sind.21. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (4) consists of segments which are traversed by channels (3).
22. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung ein Mittel zur Einbringung von zusätzlichem Kraftstoff aufweist.22. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has a means for introducing additional fuel.
23. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mittel zur Einbringung von zusätzlichem Kraftstoff in der Drehachse (9) des Körpers (4) angeordnet ist.23. The device according to claim 19, characterized in that the means for introducing additional fuel is arranged in the axis of rotation (9) of the body (4).
24. Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung des Abgasstroms einer Brennkraftmaschine, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Abgasstrom ein Körper (4) angeordnet ist, der in Abgasströmungsrichtung mit Kanälen (3) durchzogen und in zwei Bereiche (B1,24. The method for aftertreatment of the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that a body (4) is arranged in the exhaust gas flow in the exhaust gas flow direction with channels (3) and in two areas (B1,
B2) unterteilt ist, der Abgasstrom in die vordere Stirnfläche (2) des ersten Bereiches (B1) geleitet wird, der Abgasstrom an der hinteren Stirnfläche (5) des ersten Bereiches (B1 ) in eineB2) is divided, the exhaust gas flow is directed into the front end face (2) of the first area (B1), the exhaust gas flow at the rear end face (5) of the first area (B1) into one
Stirnfläche (5) des zweiten Bereiches (B2) geleitet wird und an der anderenEnd face (5) of the second area (B2) is passed and on the other
Stirnfläche (2) des zweiten Bereiches (B2) austritt, und der Körper (4) während des Betriebs um eine Achse gedreht wird, so daß dieEnd face (2) of the second region (B2) emerges, and the body (4) is rotated about an axis during operation, so that the
Kanäle (3) vom ersten Bereich (B1) in den zweiten Bereich (B2) .wechseln.Change channels (3) from the first area (B1) to the second area (B2).
25. Verfahren nach Anspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper (4) mit einer solchen Geschwindigkeit um seine Achse gedreht wird, daß eine Erwärmung des zweiten Bereichs (B2) durch den Abgasstrom zu einer Erwärmung des Abgasstroms durch den ersten Bereich führt.25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that the body (4) is rotated about its axis at such a speed that heating of the second region (B2) by the exhaust gas flow leads to heating of the exhaust gas flow through the first region.
26. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 24 oder 25, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Retention der Rußpartikel des Abgasstroms an einem Filter (6) bewirkt wird, der zwischen der hinteren Stirnfläche (5) der ersten Bereichs (B1) und der abgaseingangsseitigen Stirnfläche (5) des zweiten Bereichs (B2) angeordnet ist, und die Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit so gewählt wird, daß das Maximum der Temperaturfront sich in etwa an dem Filter (6) befindet.26. The method according to any one of claims 24 or 25, characterized in that a retention of the soot particles of the exhaust gas flow is effected on a filter (6) which between the rear end face (5) of the first region (B1) and the exhaust gas inlet end face (5th ) of the second region (B2) is arranged, and the speed of rotation is selected so that the maximum of the temperature front is approximately at the filter (6).
27. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 24 bis 26, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine NOx-Speicherung an entsprechend katalytisch beschichteten Teilen (T1 ) des Körpers durchgeführt wird.27. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that NOx storage is carried out on correspondingly catalytically coated parts (T1) of the body.
28. Verfahren nach Anspruch 27, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch zusätzliche Zufuhr von Reduktionsmittel eine kontinuierliche Reduktion des gespeicherten NOx durchgeführt wird.28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that a continuous reduction of the stored NOx is carried out by additional supply of reducing agent.
29. Verfahren zur Desulfatierung einer als NOx-Speicherkatalysator ausgelegten Vorrichtung zur Nachbehandlung der Abgase einer Brennkraftmaschine nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zu Beginn der Desulfatisierung die Rotation des Körpers (4) bei gleichzeitiger Erhöhung der Schadstoffmenge im Abgas verlangsamt oder ausgesetzt wird, bis ein entstehendes Temperaturmaximum in oder durch den zweiten Bereich (B2), insbesondere nahe der abgasaustrittsseitigen Stirnfläche (2) des zweiten Bereichs29. A method for desulfating a device designed as a NOx storage catalyst for aftertreatment of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the beginning of the desulfation, the rotation of the body (4) is slowed down or suspended while increasing the amount of pollutants in the exhaust gas , to an emerging temperature maximum in or through the second area (B2), in particular near the exhaust gas outlet-side end face (2) of the second area
(B2) gewandert ist, der Körper (4) gedreht wird bis der zweite Bereich (B2) die Stelle des ersten(B2) has migrated, the body (4) is rotated until the second area (B2) takes the place of the first
Bereichs zumindest überwiegend einnimmt, so daß das Temperaturmaximum überwiegend im ersten Bereich liegt, und die Rotation ausgesetzt wird, bis dasRange occupies at least predominantly, so that the temperature maximum is predominantly in the first range, and the rotation is suspended until the
Temperaturmaximum zumindest in den zweiten Bereich (B2) gelangt ist, die Nacheinspritzung heruntergesetzt und der Körper (4) erneut gedreht wird.Temperature maximum has reached at least in the second area (B2), the post-injection is reduced and the body (4) is rotated again.
30. Verfahren nach Anspruch 29, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verlangsamung der Drehung bzw. der Stopp mehrmals wiederholt wird, bis im wesentlichen der Körper (4) entschwefelt sind.30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that the slowdown of the rotation or the stop is repeated several times until substantially the body (4) are desulfurized.
31. Verfahren nach Anspruch 29 oder 30, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die kontinuierliche Rotation des Körpers (4) wieder aufgenommen wird, wenn das Temperaturmaximum sich in etwa an der Schnittstelle der beiden Bereiche (B1 , B2) befindet. 31. The method according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that the continuous rotation of the body (4) is resumed when the temperature maximum is approximately at the interface of the two areas (B1, B2).
PCT/EP1999/004187 1998-07-31 1999-06-17 Method and device for post-treatment of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine WO2000008310A1 (en)

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JP2000563920A JP2002522684A (en) 1998-07-31 1999-06-17 Apparatus and method for post-treating exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine
EP99931084A EP1101019A1 (en) 1998-07-31 1999-06-17 Method and device for post-treatment of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine
US09/767,004 US20010004831A1 (en) 1998-07-31 2001-01-22 Device and method for post-treatment of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine

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DE19850762A DE19850762A1 (en) 1998-07-31 1998-11-04 Device and method for aftertreatment of engine exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine
DE19850762.3 1998-11-04

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CN105649728B (en) * 2016-01-06 2017-12-01 嵊州北航投星空众创科技有限公司 Durable type ternary catalyzing unit
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CN1311844A (en) 2001-09-05
US20010004831A1 (en) 2001-06-28
EP1101019A1 (en) 2001-05-23

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