WO2000007313A1 - Procede et appareil de production d'un canal ameliore de communication de donnees en reseau optique synchrone - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de production d'un canal ameliore de communication de donnees en reseau optique synchrone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000007313A1
WO2000007313A1 PCT/US1999/016873 US9916873W WO0007313A1 WO 2000007313 A1 WO2000007313 A1 WO 2000007313A1 US 9916873 W US9916873 W US 9916873W WO 0007313 A1 WO0007313 A1 WO 0007313A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
communications channel
data communications
overhead
channel bits
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1999/016873
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English (en)
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WO2000007313A9 (fr
Inventor
Cypryan T. Ii Klish
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Nortel Networks Corporation
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nortel Networks Corporation filed Critical Nortel Networks Corporation
Priority to EP99937482A priority Critical patent/EP1101305A1/fr
Priority to CA002338812A priority patent/CA2338812A1/fr
Publication of WO2000007313A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000007313A1/fr
Publication of WO2000007313A9 publication Critical patent/WO2000007313A9/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/16—Time-division multiplex systems in which the time allocation to individual channels within a transmission cycle is variable, e.g. to accommodate varying complexity of signals, to vary number of channels transmitted
    • H04J3/1605—Fixed allocated frame structures
    • H04J3/1611—Synchronous digital hierarchy [SDH] or SONET

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the transmission of data in a synchronous optical network, and more particularly, to an overhead structure for a data frame in a synchronous optical network.
  • SONET Synchronous Optical Network
  • SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
  • a section concerns communications between two adjacent network elements, referred to as a section terminating equipment (STE) 110-1 through 110-6.
  • Regenerators 140-1 and 140-2 and add-drop multiplexers (ADM) 150-1 and 150-2 are examples of STE 110-3, 110-4, 110-2, and 110-5, respectively.
  • a line concerns communications between line terminating equipment (LTE) 120-1 through 120-4, such as add-drop multiplexers 150.
  • LTE line terminating equipment
  • a line includes one or more sections.
  • LTEs 120-1 through 120-4 perform line performance monitoring and automatic protection switching.
  • Regenerators generally are not LTEs, although add-drop multiplexers typically are both an STE and an LTE.
  • a path includes one or more lines which in turn include one or more sections.
  • SONET uses a basic transmission rate of STS-1 , which provides a data rate of 51.84 Mbps. Higher rate SONET signals are integer multiples of this base rate. For example, an STS- 3 has a data rate of 155.52 Mbps, or 3 x 51.84 Mbps.
  • the frame format of the STS-1 is shown in Figure 2.
  • the frame 210 is divided into two protions: transport overhead 220 and a synchronous payload envelope (SPE) 230.
  • SPE 230 is an 87 column by 9 row matrix, for a total of 783 bytes, and is divided into two parts: the STS path overhead 232 and the payload 234.
  • the transport overhead 220 is divided into section overhead 222 and line overhead 224.
  • Figure 3 provides a diagram of the transport overhead for the current SONET frame structure.
  • the first three rows of the transport overhead contain the section overhead and the final six rows contain the line overhead.
  • Z2 Growth byte - This byte is located in the first and second STS-1 frame of an STS-3 frame and the first, second, and fourth through N th STS-1 frame of an STS-N frame, where 12 ⁇ N ⁇ 48. These bytes are allocated for future growth.
  • E2 Orderwire byte - This byte provides a 64 kbps channel between LTEs for an express orderwire. It is a voice channel for use by technicians.
  • SONET standards have specified a number of management applications whose protocol data units (PDU) are characterized by their large size. These applications include the common management information protocol (CMIP) based Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) management (X.711 or ISO 9596), the file transfer access management (FTAM) based software download and remote back-up applications (ISO 8571-4), X.500 based directory services, and Tl .245 compliant registration management. Presently, these applications are assigned to the 192 kbps Section Data Communications
  • SDCC Secure Digital Channel
  • the LDCC is under-utilized. This is because, despite its bandwidth being triple that of the SDCC, standards have not assigned any management applications to the LDCC.
  • Methods and systems consistent with the present invention include a frame for carrying information over a communications channel that includes a section overhead and a line overhead.
  • LDCC bytes of the transport overhead are eliminated and added to the SDCC bytes, thus increasing the capacity of the SDCC.
  • such methods and systems comprise a network, including LTEs and STEs.
  • the LTEs and STEs include a framer that inserts a greater number of data communications channel bits into the section overhead than into the line overhead, thus increasing the capacity of the SDCC over the prior art.
  • such methods and systems comprise a network element that inserts a greater number of data communications channel bytes into the section overhead than the line overhead, thus increasing the capacity of the SDCC over the prior art.
  • the invention comprises a dual mode adapter that includes means for inserting data communications channel bytes into a frame with a higher capacity SDCC, means for inserting data communications channel bytes into a frame according to the prior art, and means for selecting between these two means.
  • Figure 1 is an illustration of a SONET architecture
  • FIG. 2 is an illustration of a SONET frame
  • Figure 3 is an illustration of a prior art transport overhead structure
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram of a prior art time slot interchange
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an add drop multiplexer, in accordance with methods and systems consistent with the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an illustration of a transport overhead structure, in accordance with methods and systems consistent with the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an illustration of a transport overhead structure, in accordance with methods and systems consistent with the invention.
  • Figure 8 is a block diagram of a framer, in accordance with methods and systems consistent with the invention
  • Figure 9 is a flow diagram illustrating a process for constructing an STS-1 frame with an overhead structure consistent with the prior art SONET standards
  • Figure 10 is a flow diagram illustrating a process for constructing an STS-N frame with an overhead structure consistent with the prior art SONET standards
  • FIG 11 is a flow diagram illustrating a process for constructing an STS-1 frame with an overhead structure in which the LDCC bytes are eliminated, in accordance with systems and methods consistent with the invention
  • Figure 12 is a flow diagram illustrating a process for constructing an STS-1 frame with an overhead structure in which the SDCC is larger than the LDCC, in accordance with systems and methods consistent with the invention
  • Figure 13 is a block diagram of a time slot interchange, in accordance with methods and systems consistent with the invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a dual mode adapter, in accordance with methods and systems consistent with the invention.
  • FIG. 5 provides a more detailed diagram of an ADM 150, such as illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the functional elements of ADM 150 may include STE 110, LTE 120, a framer 510, a de- framer 520, a payload processor 530, a time slot interchange (TSI) 540, and a management processor 550.
  • TSI time slot interchange
  • the line data communications channel bytes of the transport overhead are eliminated and combined with the section data communications channel bytes, thus creating a single SDCC of 12 bytes and 768 kbps capacity.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a transport overhead consistent with the present invention.
  • Data communications channel bytes D4 thru D12 are moved from the line data communications channel in the prior art transport overhead structure, which is shown in Figure 3, into the section data communications channel to create a single data communications channel.
  • the resulting data communications channel consists of 12 bytes and provides a 768kbps channel.
  • some, but not all of the LDCC bytes are combined with the SDCC bytes, as shown in Figure 7 , to create a larger SDCC.
  • the SDCC includes DCC bytes D1-D9, while the LDCC includes DCC bytes D10-D12. This results in a SDCC with a capacity of 576kbps and a LDCC with a capacity of 192kbps.
  • FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a framer 510 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • framer 510 includes means for inserting payload into a SONET frame 810, and a means for inserting overhead into the SONET frame 820.
  • framers are very complex and include many data mappings, dependencies on the STS-N signal rate (e.g., STS-1, STS-3, etc), and payload position variations based on pointers.
  • DCC Data Communications Channel
  • a prior art SONET framing device inserts the three section DCC bytes in the standards-defined position of row 3, columns 1, 2, and 3, as illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the three SDCC bytes occupy three consecutive bytes whose absolute byte location within the frame are 181, 182, and 183 (where the absolute byte location is determined by consecutively numbering the bytes starting with row 1 column 1), because the first three rows of the frame are 90 bytes.
  • the LDCC occupies, as defined by the SONET standards, the row 6 columns 1 through 3, row 7 columns 1 through 3, and row 8 column 1 through 3, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the LDCC thus occupies bytes 451 through 453, 541 through 543, and 631 through 633.
  • the DCC bytes are defined only for the first STS-1 of the frame. As such, in frames with a rate higher than STS-1, the DCC bytes are non-consecutive because the corresponding byte positions in the STS-Ns are undefined.
  • the Dl byte occupies the first column of row 3 as is the case with an STS-1, but D2 is in the fourth column of row 3 and D3 is in the seventh column of row 3.
  • the intervening bytes (part of STS #2 and STS #3) between the DCC bytes, the 2 nd , 3 rd , 5 th , 6 th , 8 th , and 9 th columns of row three are empty.
  • the three section DCC byte locations are the 541 st (Dl), 544 th (D2), and 547 th (D3) bytes of the frame.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a flow chart of an algorithm that can be used for constructing an STS- 1 SONET frame according to the transport overhead structure defined by today's SONET standards, as shown in Figure 3.
  • a framer inserts bits into the frame one row at a time.
  • First row 1 is inserted, which includes framing bytes Al and A2, STS identifier byte Cl, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead (S902).
  • the second row is inserted, which includes bytes Bl, El, FI, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead (S904).
  • the third row that includes bytes Dl, D2, D3, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is then inserted (S906).
  • the fourth row that includes bytes HI, H2, H3, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is inserted (S908).
  • the fifth row that includes bytes B2, Kl, K2, and 87 bytes of payload data and path over head is inserted (S910).
  • the sixth row that includes bytes D4, D5, D6, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is then inserted (S912).
  • the seventh row that includes bytes D7, D8, D9, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is inserted (S914).
  • the eighth row that includes bytes D10, Dl 1, D12, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is inserted (S916).
  • the ninth row that includes byte Zl, Z2, E2, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is then inserted (918).
  • all 9 rows are inserted into the STS-1 frame.
  • this process creates an STS-1 frame with the overhead structure of the prior art, in which SDCC bytes D1-D3 are inserted into row 3 of the frame (S906), and LDCC bytes D4- D6 are inserted into row 6 (S912), LDCC bytes D7-D9 are inserted into row 7 (S914), and LDCC bytes D10-D12 are inserted into row 8 (S916).
  • Figure 10 illustrates a flow chart for a process that can be used to create a STS-N frame according to the transport overhead structure defined by today's SONET standard.
  • a framer inserts bits into the frame one row at a time.
  • row 1 is inserted, which includes N Al framing bytes, N A2 framing bytes, N CI bytes, and N times 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead (SI 002).
  • the second row is inserted, which includes bytes Bl, El, Fl, and N times 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead (S1004).
  • the third row including bytes Dl, D2, D3, and N times 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is then inserted (S1006).
  • the fourth row which includes N HI bytes, N H2 bytes, N H3 bytes, and N times 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead, is inserted (SI 008).
  • the fifth row which includes N B2 bytes, the Kl byte, the K2 byte, and N times 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead, is inserted (SI 010).
  • the sixth row which includes bytes D4, D5, D6, and N times 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead, is then inserted (S1012).
  • the seventh row which includes bytes D7, D8, D9, and N times 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead, is inserted (S1014).
  • the eighth row which includes bytes D10, D11, D12, and N times 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead, is inserted (S1016).
  • the ninth row which includes N Zl bytes, N Z2 bytes, N E2 bytes, and N times 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is then inserted (1018).
  • all 9 rows are inserted into the STS-N frame.
  • the framer inserts SDCC bytes D1-D3 into row 3 of the STS-N frame (SI 006), LDCC bytes D4-D6 into row 6 (SI 010), LDCC bytes D7-D9 into row 7 (SI 012), and LDCC bytes D10-D12 into row 8 (S1014).
  • the SONET frame of a preferred embodiment has an increased capacity SDCC.
  • the changes to the framing algorithm preferably, include re-ordering of the rows without changing how each row is sequenced.
  • the changes also have no impact on the STS-N interleaving dependency either, i.e., the "N-l" and "N times 87" factors are unchanged.
  • all nine LDCC bytes are moved to the SDCC, totally eliminating the LDCC.
  • the twelve DCC bytes are placed in the first three columns of four consecutive rows beginning with row 3, the original starting row for the SDCC.
  • the corresponding byte positions are as follows for an STS-1 frame:
  • overhead rows 4 and 5 of the frame structure containing the pointer, parity, and protection switching overhead bytes are repositioned intact to rows 7 and 8.
  • Total line overhead is thus reduced from 6 rows by 3 columns or 18 bytes to 3 rows by 3 columns or 9 bytes.
  • the total number of section and line overhead bytes is not changed and remains at 27 (9 rows by 3 columns).
  • the number of section overhead bytes is increased from 9 bytes to a total of 18 bytes.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a flow chart of an algorithm that can be used for constructing an STS-1 frame according to a transport overhead in which all the LDCC bytes are eliminated and combined with the SDCC bytes to create a single DCC.
  • a framer of this embodiment inserts bits into the frame one row at a time.
  • First row 1 is inserted, which includes framing bytes Al and A2, STS identifier byte Cl, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead (SI 102).
  • the second row is inserted, which includes bytes Bl, El, FI, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead (SI 104).
  • the third row that includes bytes Dl, D2, D3, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is then inserted (SI 106).
  • the fourth row that includes bytes D4, D5, D6, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is then inserted
  • DCC bytes D1-D3 are inserted into row 3 of the frame (SI 106), D4-D6 are inserted into row 4 (SI 108), D7-D9 are inserted into row 5 (SI 110), and D10-D12 are inserted into row 6 (SI 112).
  • DCC bytes D4-D6 are inserted in row 4 columns 1-3 instead of row 6 columns 1-3.
  • DCC bytes D7-D9 are inserted in row 5 columns 1-3 instead of row 7 columns 1-3.
  • DCC bytes D10-D12 are inserted in row 6 column 1-3 instead of row 8 columns 1-3.
  • Pointer Bytes H1-H3 are inserted in row 7 column 1-3 instead of row 4 column 1-3. 5.
  • the B2, Kl, and K2 overhead bytes are inserted in row 8 column 1-3 instead of row 5 column 1-3.
  • a network element of a preferred embodiment may use the above described transport overhead structure to create a frame with a DCC but no LDCC.
  • the capacity of the SDCC is increased at the expense of the LDCC, without totally eliminating the LDCC, because it may be desirable to retain a small amount of LDCC capability while shifting the bulk of the LDCC capacity to SDCC.
  • Figure 12 illustrates a flow diagram of an algorithm for constructing a frame in which the SDCC capacity is tripled by moving six of the nine LDCC bytes to the SDCC.
  • a framer inserts bits into the frame one row at a time.
  • row 1 is inserted, which includes bytes Al, A2, Cl, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead (S1202).
  • the second row is inserted, which includes bytes Bl, El, FI, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead (S1204).
  • the third row including bytes Dl, D2, D3, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is then inserted (S1206).
  • the fourth row which includes bytes D4, D5, D6, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead, is then inserted (S1208).
  • the fifth row which includes bytes D7, D8, D9, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is inserted (S1210).
  • the sixth row which includes bytes HI, H2, H3, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is inserted (S1212).
  • the seventh row which includes bytes B2, Kl, K2, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead, is inserted (S1214).
  • the eighth row which includes bytes D10, Dl 1, D12, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead, is inserted (S1216).
  • the ninth row that includes bytes Zl, Z2, E2, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is then inserted (S1218).
  • S1218 The ninth row that includes bytes Zl, Z2, E2, and 87 bytes of payload data and path overhead is then inserted (S1218).
  • all 9 rows are inserted into the STS-1 frame.
  • D10-D12 are the retained LDCC bytes and are inserted into row 8 (S 1216).
  • DCC bytes D1-D3 are inserted into row 3 (SI 206), D4-D6 are inserted into row 4 (S1208), and D7-D9 are inserted into row 5 (S1210). As such, D4-D9 become the additional SDCC bytes.
  • a network element of a preferred embodiment may use the above described tranport overhead structure to create a frame with more SDCC bytes than LDCC bytes.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a TSI 1300, for use in a network implementing a SONET frame comprising an SDCC, but no LDCC, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • the TSI 1300 comprises only S drop channels. Because there is no LDCC, only a single pair of inbound and outbound SDCC point to point links must be terminated at each interface. Further, as will be obvious to one skilled in the art, the same above-described principals and possible improvements described for the TSI are equally applicable to any device that selectively, under software control, allows input data slices to be transferred to output ports, while maintaining the integrity and timing of the data.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a dual-mode adapter 1410 for use in a network implementing both a frame of a preferred embodiment of the invention and a frame with the existing SONET overhead structure, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • This dual-mode adapter 1410 includes both a legacy framer 1420 and a combined DCC framer 1430 in addition to a selector 1440.
  • the legacy framer 1420 constructs frames with the overhead structure of the prior art, while the combined DCC framer 1430 constructs frames with an increased capacity SDCC channel.
  • the selector 1440 selects whether to use the legacy framer 1420 or the combined DCC framer 1430.
  • a network may include STEs and LTEs.
  • the STEs and LTEs include a framer 800 as shown in Figure 8.
  • This framer 800 like the framers described above, creates a frame with more SDCC bytes than LDCC bytes.
  • all the LDCC bytes in the transport overhead of the prior art are eliminated and added to the SDCC bytes to create a transport overhead structure such as is shown in Figure 6.
  • only some of the LDCC bytes are eliminated and combined with the SDCC bytes, thus creating an increased capacity SDCC, such as is shown in Figure 7.
  • the de-framer 520 may include means for extracting payload bits from the frame and means for extracting overhead bits from the frame.
  • the means for extracting payload bits and the means for extracting overhead bits may be implemented using software or hardware, such as application specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • the de- framer 520 may operate to extract SDCC bytes from a frame in which there is no LDCC. As such, in this embodiment, the de-framer 520 would not extract LDCC bytes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des systèmes et procédés destinés à s'utiliser dans un réseau synchrone dans lequel le canal de communication de données en ligne et le canal de communication de données par sections sont combinés pour former un canal de communication de données à largeur de bande augmentée. Dans un aspect de l'invention, tous les multiplets du canal de communication de données en ligne sont combinés aux multiplets du canal de communication de données par sections pour former un canal unique de communication de données. Dans un autre aspect, on déplace quelques uns des multiplets du canal de communication de données en ligne, mais pas tous, dans le canal de communication de données par sections afin de former un canal de communication de données par sections à capacité augmentée.
PCT/US1999/016873 1998-07-28 1999-07-27 Procede et appareil de production d'un canal ameliore de communication de donnees en reseau optique synchrone WO2000007313A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99937482A EP1101305A1 (fr) 1998-07-28 1999-07-27 Procede et appareil de production d'un canal ameliore de communication de donnees en reseau optique synchrone
CA002338812A CA2338812A1 (fr) 1998-07-28 1999-07-27 Procede et appareil de production d'un canal ameliore de communication de donnees en reseau optique synchrone

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US9441598P 1998-07-28 1998-07-28
US60/094,415 1998-07-28

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WO2000007313A9 WO2000007313A9 (fr) 2000-08-03

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GB2378866A (en) * 2001-05-30 2003-02-19 Nec Corp Loop network with working and protection channels which are treated as a single band using LCAS and virtual concatenation during healthy conditions
GB2378867A (en) * 2001-05-30 2003-02-19 Nec Corp Loop network with working and protection channels which are treated as a single working channel during non fault conditions
US6738345B1 (en) 2000-06-21 2004-05-18 Motorola, Inc. Method for failover management in a synchronous optical network using standard protocols
WO2006058490A1 (fr) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-08 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Procede de negociation automatique de largeur de bande de canal de communication de donnees
CN101119164B (zh) * 2007-09-13 2011-05-25 中兴通讯股份有限公司 基于嵌入控制信道的数据通信信道透传方法和装置

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6738345B1 (en) 2000-06-21 2004-05-18 Motorola, Inc. Method for failover management in a synchronous optical network using standard protocols
GB2378866A (en) * 2001-05-30 2003-02-19 Nec Corp Loop network with working and protection channels which are treated as a single band using LCAS and virtual concatenation during healthy conditions
GB2378867A (en) * 2001-05-30 2003-02-19 Nec Corp Loop network with working and protection channels which are treated as a single working channel during non fault conditions
GB2378866B (en) * 2001-05-30 2004-10-27 Nec Corp Protection system, virtual concatenation processing block, node and ring network
GB2378867B (en) * 2001-05-30 2004-11-03 Nec Corp Protection system layer 2 function block, node and ring network enabling wideband transmission of working traffic and protection of protection channel traffic
US7307947B2 (en) 2001-05-30 2007-12-11 Nec Corporation Protection system, layer 2 function block, node and ring network enabling wideband transmission of working traffic and protection of protection channel traffic
US7307946B2 (en) 2001-05-30 2007-12-11 Nec Corporation Protection system, virtual concatenation processing block, node and ring network
WO2006058490A1 (fr) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-08 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Procede de negociation automatique de largeur de bande de canal de communication de donnees
CN100411347C (zh) * 2004-11-30 2008-08-13 华为技术有限公司 一种数据通信信道带宽自协商方法
CN101119164B (zh) * 2007-09-13 2011-05-25 中兴通讯股份有限公司 基于嵌入控制信道的数据通信信道透传方法和装置

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WO2000007313A9 (fr) 2000-08-03
CA2338812A1 (fr) 2000-02-10

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