WO1999063242A1 - Three-ball-and-trunnion universal transmission joint - Google Patents

Three-ball-and-trunnion universal transmission joint Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999063242A1
WO1999063242A1 PCT/FR1999/001108 FR9901108W WO9963242A1 WO 1999063242 A1 WO1999063242 A1 WO 1999063242A1 FR 9901108 W FR9901108 W FR 9901108W WO 9963242 A1 WO9963242 A1 WO 9963242A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ring
arm
roller
transmission joint
joint according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1999/001108
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Guimbretiere
Original Assignee
Gkn Automotive Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gkn Automotive Ag filed Critical Gkn Automotive Ag
Priority to AU37137/99A priority Critical patent/AU3713799A/en
Publication of WO1999063242A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999063242A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D3/205—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part
    • F16D3/2055—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part having three pins, i.e. true tripod joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D2003/2026—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints with trunnion rings, i.e. with tripod joints having rollers supported by a ring on the trunnion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transmission joint, in particular of the tripod type, comprising:
  • a female element in the shape of a barrel, which has channels distributed over its inner periphery, each channel forming two mutually opposite raceways in the circumferential direction;
  • - a male star-shaped element which has as many arms as there are channels in the barrel, each arm being engaged in a respective channel;
  • - Torque transmission assemblies in number corresponding to the number of arms, each comprising: an inner ring whose inner surface cooperates with the arm, in swiveling oscillation and in translation along the axis of the arm; an outer roller which rolls directly on the rolling tracks of the barrel and which pivots on the inner ring, around the axis thereof; and relative axial positioning means between the ring and the roller.
  • positioning means are constituted by flanges integrally formed with the ring or the roller, or by inserts, in particular washers and / or circlips.
  • Seals of this type have a particularly free sliding under torque and at an angle, and such seals are sold by the Applicant under the name AAR (Angular Ajusted Roller).
  • each arm When the joint operates under torque and at an angle, each arm performs a relative cyclic movement along the axis of the ring, which generates friction at the point of contact of the arm and the ring. These rubs induce an axial load on the aforementioned positioning means, alternately on those located radially on the outside and radially on the inside with respect to the whole of the joint. Finally, under torque, this results in periodic excitations generated by the seal in the transmission, in the longitudinal direction of the latter.
  • the invention aims to further reduce such excitations generated under torque by the joints of the type considered.
  • the subject of the invention is a transmission joint of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the inner surface of the inner ring is produced so that, under torque, a component of permanent centrifugal axial load is produced on the ring along the axis of the arm in its zone of contact with the arm, and this axial load is transmitted from the ring to the roller by means of at least one bearing surface of said positioning means located outside by relation to the median plane of the pebble.
  • the transmission joint according to the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in all their technically possible combinations: - the arm has a curved active peripheral surface which cooperates with the inner surface of the ring, and, on at at least part, and preferably over all, of its active length, this internal surface has an internal profile radially converging towards the outside of the joint;
  • the inner surface of the ring has, beyond its active length, a profile different from that of this active length, in particular a profile which converges more strongly by going radially towards the outside of the joint; - the converging profile is substantially frustoconical;
  • the angle of convergence of said convergent profile is between 0.5 ° and 4 °;
  • the inner surface of the ring has a symmetrical profile with respect to its median transverse plane, and, in the aligned position of the seal, the arm cooperates with the ring in this median plane;
  • the symmetrical profile is, at least in its active part, in the form of a bicone or hyperboloid of revolution;
  • the curved surface of the arm is substantially spherical;
  • the curved surface of the arm consists of a radially inner substantially spherical part which has a first radius and which extends substantially to the equatorial plane of the sphere perpendicular to the axis of the arm, this radially inner part being extended radially towards the outside by an outer toric part of larger radius;
  • FIG. 1 is a half cross-sectional view of a transmission joint according to the invention, in - aligned position;
  • FIG. 2 is a partial view on a larger scale, also in cross section, of the transmission joint of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 of a first variant.
  • the transmission joint 1 shown in Figure 1 is intended to equip a motor vehicle transmission. In aligned position, it has a ternary symmetry with respect to its central axis XX.
  • the seal essentially consists of a male or tripod element 2, a female element or barrel 3, and three sets 4 of torque transmission between these two elements.
  • the male element 2 is in one piece. It includes a hub
  • Each arm has a spherical outer surface 7, centered at 0 on the Y-Y axis of the arm.
  • the female element 3 also in one piece, has three longitudinal channels 8 in each of which an arm 6 is engaged.
  • Each channel defines two symmetrical rolling tracks 9, facing one another, with a cross-section arc of a circle and a guideline for example rectilinear.
  • the median plane of the channel, perpendicular to the Y-Y axis when the joint is aligned, is designated by Q.
  • Each arm is associated with a bearing assembly 4 of general shape of revolution.
  • This assembly 4 essentially consists of an inner ring 10, a rolling roller 11 and a ring of needles 12 interposed between the ring and the roller.
  • External and internal positioning means relative to the axis X- X ensure the maintenance of the members 10 to 12 in a predetermined relative axial position.
  • These means are, in this example, constituted by two inner 13 and outer 14 circlips engaged in corresponding radially inner grooves of the roller 11.
  • the ring 10 has a radially outer cylindrical surface 15 and a radially inner frustoconical surface 16 which converges towards the outside of the joint at an angle ⁇ of approximately 0.5 and 4 °. These two surfaces are joined by two planar inner 17 and outer 18 surfaces, both perpendicular to the axis of the ring.
  • the roller 11 has a radially inner cylindrical surface 19 and a radially outer toric surface 20 (or, as a variant, spherical) whose profile is substantially conjugated with that of the raceways 9.
  • the needles 12 roll on the opposite cylindrical surfaces 15 and 19, and the surface 16 of the ring swivels on the spherical surface 7 of the arm and can move along its own axis relative to the arm, under conditions which will be specified below.
  • the circlips 13 and 14 are engaged by their outer periphery in respective circular grooves 21, 22 of the surface 19 of the roller, and extend towards the axis YY by axially retaining the needles between them and by covering the peripheral region of the surfaces 17 and 18 of the ring 10, respectively.
  • the inner surface 16 of the ring is tangent to the spherical surface 7 of the arm slightly outside, with respect to the axis XX, of the equatorial plane P of this surface 7 which is perpendicular to the YY axis.
  • this plane P is itself further from the axis X-X than the plane Q, which is also the median plane of the set 4.
  • the point A moves cyclically along the surface 16, towards the axis X-X and in the opposite direction, but without going beyond the plane P relative to the axis X-X.
  • the ring 10 Due to the frustoconical shape of the surface 16, the ring 10 is constantly pushed radially towards the outside of the seal, and transmits this push to the roller by means of the external circlip 14.
  • the roller rocks slightly clockwise, in considering FIG. 2, and comes into contact with,. -by- .sa. on an external frontal ace, with a plane region 23 of the roof of the female element, as seen in FIG. 2.
  • the shape of the arm is modified: on the one hand, the center O of the surface spherical 7 is located substantially in the plane Q. On the other hand, this spherical surface, whose radius r is substantially that of the surface 16 in the same plane Q, extends outward only to the plane Q , then is extended towards the outside by a toric surface 7A of radius R clearly greater than the radius r. Surface 7A is tangent to surface 7 in the plane Q.
  • the inner circlip 13 has a low radial thickness, and a flat washer 25 is interposed between the outer face of this circlip on the one hand, the inner end of the needles 12 and the ring 10 on the other hand; and
  • the part 26 of the surface 16 situated outside with respect to the plane P, which is inactive, is more strongly convergent towards the axis Y-Y, which increases the rigidity of the ring 10.
  • the ring 10 is symmetrical with respect to its median plane, so that its internal surface 16 is convergent-divergent, for example bi-conical or, as shown, substantially in the form of a hyperboloid of revolution.
  • the torque transmission assembly 4 is symmetrical with respect to its median plane, which eliminates the risk of errors during assembly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a transmission joint wherein the torque is transmitted from each male element arm (6) to the bearing race (9) associated with the female element (3), by an assembly comprising an outer roller (11) and an inner ring (10), with in between an intervening needle bearing roller (12). The inner ring (10) internal surface (16) is made in such a way that, by the effect of torque, a permanent centrifugal axial load component is produced on the ring along the arm axis (Y-Y) in its contact zone with the arm (6), and said axial load is transmitted from the ring (10) to the roller (11) via at least a bearing surface of said positioning means (13, 14) located outside with respect to the roller median plane (Q). The invention is applicable to motor vehicle transmissions.

Description

"Joint de transmission, notamment du type tripode" "Transmission joint, in particular of the tripod type"
La présente invention est relative à un joint de transmission, notamment du type tripode, comprenant :The present invention relates to a transmission joint, in particular of the tripod type, comprising:
- un élément femelle, en forme de fût, gui présente des canaux répartis sur sa périphérie intérieure, chaque canal formant deux voies de roulement mutuellement opposées dans la direction circonférentielle;- a female element, in the shape of a barrel, which has channels distributed over its inner periphery, each channel forming two mutually opposite raceways in the circumferential direction;
- un élément mâle en forme d'étoile qui présente autant de bras qu'il y a de canaux dans le fût, chaque bras étant engagé dans un canal respectif; - des ensembles de transmission de couple, en nombre correspondant au nombre de bras, comprenant chacun: une bague intérieure dont la surface intérieure coopère avec le bras, en oscillation rotulante et en translation suivant l'axe du bras; un galet extérieur qui roule directement sur les voies de roulement du fût et qui tourillonne sur la bague intérieure, autour de l'axe de celle-ci; et des moyens de positionnement axial relatif entre la bague et le galet.- a male star-shaped element which has as many arms as there are channels in the barrel, each arm being engaged in a respective channel; - Torque transmission assemblies, in number corresponding to the number of arms, each comprising: an inner ring whose inner surface cooperates with the arm, in swiveling oscillation and in translation along the axis of the arm; an outer roller which rolls directly on the rolling tracks of the barrel and which pivots on the inner ring, around the axis thereof; and relative axial positioning means between the ring and the roller.
Dans ce qui suit, sauf indication contraire, on utilisera les termes "axial", "intérieur" et "extérieur" en référence à l'axe du bras considéré.In what follows, unless otherwise indicated, the terms "axial", "interior" and "exterior" will be used with reference to the axis of the arm considered.
Dans ce type de joint, le fait qu'il existe une liberté en translation axiale, suivant l'axe du bras considéré, de la bague intérieure par rapport au bras, impose que le tourillonnement du galet extérieur sur la bague intérieure soit une simple rotation.In this type of seal, the fact that there is freedom in axial translation, along the axis of the arm considered, of the inner ring relative to the arm, requires that the journaling of the outer roller on the inner ring be a simple rotation .
Il est donc nécessaire de prévoir des moyens de positionnement axial relatif entre la bague et le galet. Ces moyens de positionnement sont constitués par des collerettes venues de matière avec la bague ou le galet, ou par des pièces rapportées, notamment des rondelles et/ou des circlips .It is therefore necessary to provide relative axial positioning means between the ring and the roller. These positioning means are constituted by flanges integrally formed with the ring or the roller, or by inserts, in particular washers and / or circlips.
Les joints de ce type ont un coulissement particulièrement libre sous couple et sous angle, et de tels joints sont commercialisés par la Demanderesse sous la dénomination AAR (Angular Ajusted Roller) .Seals of this type have a particularly free sliding under torque and at an angle, and such seals are sold by the Applicant under the name AAR (Angular Ajusted Roller).
Lorsque le joint fonctionne sous couple et sous angle, chaque bras effectue un mouvement relatif cyclique suivant l'axe de la bague, ce qui engendre des frottements au point de contact du bras et de la bague . Ces frottements induisent une charge axiale sur les moyens de positionnement précités, alternativement sur ceux situés radialement à l'extérieur et radialement à l'intérieur par rapport à l'ensemble du joint. Il en résulte finalement, sous couple, des excitations périodiques générées par le joint dans la transmission, suivant la direction longitudinale de celle- ci .When the joint operates under torque and at an angle, each arm performs a relative cyclic movement along the axis of the ring, which generates friction at the point of contact of the arm and the ring. These rubs induce an axial load on the aforementioned positioning means, alternately on those located radially on the outside and radially on the inside with respect to the whole of the joint. Finally, under torque, this results in periodic excitations generated by the seal in the transmission, in the longitudinal direction of the latter.
L'invention a pour but de réduire encore plus de telles excitations générées sous couple par les joints du type considéré.The invention aims to further reduce such excitations generated under torque by the joints of the type considered.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un joint de transmission du type précité, caractérisé en ce que la surface intérieure de la bague intérieure est réalisée de façon que, sous couple, une composante de charge axiale centrifugé permanente soit produite sur la bague suivant l'axe du bras dans sa zone de contact avec le bras, et que cette charge axiale se transmette de la bague au galet par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une surface d'appui desdits moyens de positionnement située à l'extérieur par rapport au plan médian du galet.To this end, the subject of the invention is a transmission joint of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the inner surface of the inner ring is produced so that, under torque, a component of permanent centrifugal axial load is produced on the ring along the axis of the arm in its zone of contact with the arm, and this axial load is transmitted from the ring to the roller by means of at least one bearing surface of said positioning means located outside by relation to the median plane of the pebble.
Le joint de transmission suivant l'invention peut comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises isolément ou suivant toutes leurs combinaisons techniquement possibles : - le bras présente une surface périphérique active bombée qui coopère avec la surface intérieure de la bague, et, sur au moins une partie, et de préférence sur la totalité, de sa longueur active, cette surface intérieure a un profil intérieur radialement convergent vers l'extérieur du joint;The transmission joint according to the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in all their technically possible combinations: - the arm has a curved active peripheral surface which cooperates with the inner surface of the ring, and, on at at least part, and preferably over all, of its active length, this internal surface has an internal profile radially converging towards the outside of the joint;
- la surface intérieure de la bague présente, au- delà de sa longueur active, un profil différent de celui de cette longueur active, notamment un profil qui converge plus fortement en allant radialement vers l'extérieur du joint; - le profil convergent est sensiblement tronconique;- The inner surface of the ring has, beyond its active length, a profile different from that of this active length, in particular a profile which converges more strongly by going radially towards the outside of the joint; - the converging profile is substantially frustoconical;
- 1 ' angle de convergence dudit profil convergent est compris entre 0,5° et 4°; la surface intérieure de la bague présente un profil symétrique par rapport à son plan transversal médian, et, dans la position alignée du joint, le bras coopère avec la bague dans ce plan médian;- The angle of convergence of said convergent profile is between 0.5 ° and 4 °; the inner surface of the ring has a symmetrical profile with respect to its median transverse plane, and, in the aligned position of the seal, the arm cooperates with the ring in this median plane;
- le profil symétrique est, au moins dans sa partie active, en forme de bicône ou d' hyperboloïde de révolution; - la surface bombée du bras est sensiblement sphérique; la surface bombée du bras est constituée d'une partie radialement intérieure sensiblement sphérique qui possède un premier rayon et qui s ' étend sensiblement jusqu'au plan equatorial de la sphère perpendiculaire à l'axe du bras, cette partie radialement intérieure étant prolongée radialement vers l'extérieur par une partie extérieure torique de plus grand rayon;- the symmetrical profile is, at least in its active part, in the form of a bicone or hyperboloid of revolution; - the curved surface of the arm is substantially spherical; the curved surface of the arm consists of a radially inner substantially spherical part which has a first radius and which extends substantially to the equatorial plane of the sphere perpendicular to the axis of the arm, this radially inner part being extended radially towards the outside by an outer toric part of larger radius;
- ladite charge axiale se transmet de la bague au galet par l'intermédiaire d'un circlips associé éventuellement à une rondelle;- Said axial load is transmitted from the ring to the roller by means of a circlip possibly associated with a washer;
- ladite charge axiale se transmet de la bague au galet par l'intermédiaire d'une collerette venue de matière avec le galet . Des exemples de réalisation de l'invention vont maintenant être décrits en regard des dessins annexés, sur lesquels :- Said axial load is transmitted from the ring to the roller by means of a collar integrally formed with the roller. Examples of embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
- la Figure 1 est une demi-vue en coupe transversale d'un joint de transmission conforme à l'invention, en - position alignée;- Figure 1 is a half cross-sectional view of a transmission joint according to the invention, in - aligned position;
- la Figure 2 est une vue partielle à plus grande échelle, également en coupe transversale, du joint de transmission de la Figure 1;- Figure 2 is a partial view on a larger scale, also in cross section, of the transmission joint of Figure 1;
- la Figure 3 est une vue analogue à la Figure 2 d'une première variante; et- Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 of a first variant; and
- les Figures 4 et 5 sont des vues partielles en coupe transversale de deux autres variantes, respectivement.- Figures 4 and 5 are partial cross-sectional views of two other variants, respectively.
Le joint de transmission 1 représenté à la Figure 1 est destiné à équiper une transmission de véhicule automobile. Il a, en position alignée, une symétrie ternaire par rapport à son axe central X-X. Le joint est essentiellement constitué d'un élément mâle ou tripode 2, d'un élément femelle ou fût 3, et de trois ensembles 4 de transmission de couple entre ces deux éléments. L'élément mâle 2 est monobloc. Il comprend un moyeuThe transmission joint 1 shown in Figure 1 is intended to equip a motor vehicle transmission. In aligned position, it has a ternary symmetry with respect to its central axis XX. The seal essentially consists of a male or tripod element 2, a female element or barrel 3, and three sets 4 of torque transmission between these two elements. The male element 2 is in one piece. It includes a hub
5 intérieurement cannelé pour son montage sur un premier arbre (non représenté) , et trois bras 6 en saillie radiale sur ce moyeu. Chaque bras présente une surface extérieure sphérique 7, centrée en 0 sur l'axe Y-Y du bras.5 internally grooved for mounting on a first shaft (not shown), and three arms 6 projecting radially on this hub. Each arm has a spherical outer surface 7, centered at 0 on the Y-Y axis of the arm.
L'élément femelle 3, également monobloc, comporte trois canaux longitudinaux 8 dans chacun desquels est engagé un bras 6. Chaque canal définit deux voies de roulement 9 symétriques, en vis-à-vis l'une de l'autre, à section en arc de cercle et à ligne directrice par exemple rectiligne. Le plan médian du canal, perpendiculaire à l'axe Y-Y lorsque le joint est aligné, est désigné par Q.The female element 3, also in one piece, has three longitudinal channels 8 in each of which an arm 6 is engaged. Each channel defines two symmetrical rolling tracks 9, facing one another, with a cross-section arc of a circle and a guideline for example rectilinear. The median plane of the channel, perpendicular to the Y-Y axis when the joint is aligned, is designated by Q.
A chaque bras est associé un ensemble de roulement 4 de forme générale de révolution. Cet ensemble 4 est constitué essentiellement d'une bague intérieure 10, d'un galet de roulement 11 et d'une couronne d'aiguilles 12 interposée entre la bague et le galet . Des moyens de positionnement extérieur et intérieur par rapport à l'axe X- X assurent le maintien des organes 10 à 12 dans une position axiale relative prédéterminée. Ces moyens sont, dans cet exemple, constitués par deux circlips intérieur 13 et extérieur 14 engagés dans des gorges radialement intérieures correspondantes du galet 11.Each arm is associated with a bearing assembly 4 of general shape of revolution. This assembly 4 essentially consists of an inner ring 10, a rolling roller 11 and a ring of needles 12 interposed between the ring and the roller. External and internal positioning means relative to the axis X- X ensure the maintenance of the members 10 to 12 in a predetermined relative axial position. These means are, in this example, constituted by two inner 13 and outer 14 circlips engaged in corresponding radially inner grooves of the roller 11.
Plus précisément (Figure 2) , la bague 10 comporte une surface radialement extérieure 15 cylindrique et une surface radialement intérieure 16 tronconique qui converge vers l'extérieur du joint suivant un angle α compris 0,5 et 4° environ. Ces deux surfaces sont réunies par deux surfaces planes intérieure 17 et extérieure 18, toutes deux perpendiculaires à l'axe de la bague.More specifically (Figure 2), the ring 10 has a radially outer cylindrical surface 15 and a radially inner frustoconical surface 16 which converges towards the outside of the joint at an angle α of approximately 0.5 and 4 °. These two surfaces are joined by two planar inner 17 and outer 18 surfaces, both perpendicular to the axis of the ring.
Le galet 11 comporte une surface radialement intérieure 19 cylindrique et une surface radialement extérieure 20 torique (ou, en variante, sphérique) dont le profil est sensiblement conjugué de celui des voies de roulement 9. Les aiguilles 12 roulent sur les surfaces cylindriques en regard 15 et 19, et la surface 16 de la bague rotule sur la surface sphérique 7 du bras et peut se déplacer suivant son propre axe par rapport au bras , dans des conditions qui seront précisées plus loin. Les circlips 13 et 14 sont engagés par leur périphérie extérieure dans des gorges circulaires respectives 21, 22 de la surface 19 du galet, et s'étendent vers l'axe Y-Y en retenant axialement entre elles les aiguilles et en recouvrant la région périphérique des surfaces 17 et 18 de la bague 10, respectivement.The roller 11 has a radially inner cylindrical surface 19 and a radially outer toric surface 20 (or, as a variant, spherical) whose profile is substantially conjugated with that of the raceways 9. The needles 12 roll on the opposite cylindrical surfaces 15 and 19, and the surface 16 of the ring swivels on the spherical surface 7 of the arm and can move along its own axis relative to the arm, under conditions which will be specified below. The circlips 13 and 14 are engaged by their outer periphery in respective circular grooves 21, 22 of the surface 19 of the roller, and extend towards the axis YY by axially retaining the needles between them and by covering the peripheral region of the surfaces 17 and 18 of the ring 10, respectively.
Lorsque le joint est aligné, la surface intérieure 16 de la bague est tangente à la surface sphérique 7 du bras légèrement à l'extérieur, par rapport à l'axe X-X, du plan equatorial P de cette surface 7 qui est perpendiculaire à l'axe Y-Y. Comme on le voit sur la Figure 2, ce plan P est lui-même plus éloigné de l'axe X-X que le plan Q, qui est également le plan médian de 1 ' ensemble 4.When the joint is aligned, the inner surface 16 of the ring is tangent to the spherical surface 7 of the arm slightly outside, with respect to the axis XX, of the equatorial plane P of this surface 7 which is perpendicular to the YY axis. As can be seen in Figure 2, this plane P is itself further from the axis X-X than the plane Q, which is also the median plane of the set 4.
On a indiqué en A le point de contact du bras et de la bague lorsqu'un couple est transmis. En supposant le couple moteur appliqué au tripode dans le sens horaire F de la Figure 2, le point A se trouve à droite, et le galet s'appuie sur la voie 9 de droite. Un léger jeu apparaît entre les surfaces 20 et 9 de l'autre côté du bras, comme on l'a représenté à gauche de la Figure 2.The contact point of the arm and the ring is indicated in A when a torque is transmitted. Assuming the motor torque applied to the tripod clockwise F in Figure 2, point A is on the right, and the roller rests on track 9 on the right. A slight clearance appears between the surfaces 20 and 9 on the other side of the arm, as shown on the left of Figure 2.
Lorsque le joint travaille sous angle, le point A se déplace cycliquement le long de la surface 16, vers l'axe X- X et dans le sens opposé, mais sans aller au-delà du plan P par rapport à l'axe X-X. Du fait de la forme tronconique de la surface 16, la bague 10 est constamment poussée radialement vers l'extérieur du joint, et transmet cette poussée au galet par l'intermédiaire du circlips extérieur 14. Le galet bascule légèrement dans le sens horaire, en considérant la Figure 2, et entre ..en contact., -par- .sa ..sur ace frontale extérieure, avec une région plane 23 de la voûte de l'élément femelle, comme on le voit sur la Figure 2.When the joint works at an angle, the point A moves cyclically along the surface 16, towards the axis X-X and in the opposite direction, but without going beyond the plane P relative to the axis X-X. Due to the frustoconical shape of the surface 16, the ring 10 is constantly pushed radially towards the outside of the seal, and transmits this push to the roller by means of the external circlip 14. The roller rocks slightly clockwise, in considering FIG. 2, and comes into contact with,. -by- .sa. on an external frontal ace, with a plane region 23 of the roof of the female element, as seen in FIG. 2.
Ainsi, les frottements sont reportés sur le circlips 14 et radialement au-delà de celui-ci, c'est-à-dire dans une région parfaitement lubrifiée du joint du fait de la force centrifuge qui s'exerce sur le lubrifiant. Il en résulte des excitations très réduites engendrées par le joint dans la transmission suivant la direction longitudinale de celle-ci.Thus, friction is transferred to the circlip 14 and radially beyond it, that is to say in a perfectly lubricated region of the seal due to the centrifugal force exerted on the lubricant. This results in very reduced excitations generated by the seal in the transmission in the longitudinal direction thereof.
Dans la variante de la Figure 3 , la forme du bras est modifiée : d'une part, le centre O de la surface sphérique 7 se trouve sensiblement dans le plan Q. D'autre part, cette surface sphérique, dont le rayon r est sensiblement celui de la surface 16 dans le même plan Q, ne s'étend vers l'extérieur que jusqu'au plan Q, puis se prolonge vers 1 ' extérieur par une surface torique 7A de rayon R nettement supérieur au rayon r. La surface 7A est tangente à la surface 7 dans le plan Q.In the variant of Figure 3, the shape of the arm is modified: on the one hand, the center O of the surface spherical 7 is located substantially in the plane Q. On the other hand, this spherical surface, whose radius r is substantially that of the surface 16 in the same plane Q, extends outward only to the plane Q , then is extended towards the outside by a toric surface 7A of radius R clearly greater than the radius r. Surface 7A is tangent to surface 7 in the plane Q.
Ceci permet de réduire le jeu entre le bras et la bague lorsque le joint fonctionne sous angle. De plus, le circlips extérieur 14 des Figures 1 et 2 est remplacé par une collerette 24 venue de matière avec le galet 11, en saillie sur la surface 19 vers l'axe Y-Y. L'assemblage du joint est ainsi facilité.This makes it possible to reduce the clearance between the arm and the ring when the joint operates at an angle. In addition, the outer circlip 14 of Figures 1 and 2 is replaced by a flange 24 formed integrally with the roller 11, projecting from the surface 19 towards the axis Y-Y. The assembly of the seal is thus facilitated.
La variante de la Figure 4 diffère de celle des Figures 1 et 2 par les points suivants :The variant of Figure 4 differs from that of Figures 1 and 2 in the following points:
- comme à la Figure 3, le circlips extérieur 14 est remplacé par une collerette 24 venue de matière avec le galet ;- As in Figure 3, the outer circlip 14 is replaced by a flange 24 made integrally with the roller;
- le circlips intérieur 13 a une épaisseur radiale faible, et une rondelle plane 25 est interposée entre la face extérieure de ce circlips d'une part, l'extrémité intérieure des aiguilles 12 et de la bague 10 d'autre part ; et- The inner circlip 13 has a low radial thickness, and a flat washer 25 is interposed between the outer face of this circlip on the one hand, the inner end of the needles 12 and the ring 10 on the other hand; and
- la partie 26 de la surface 16 située à l'extérieur par rapport au plan P, qui est inactive, est plus fortement convergente vers l'axe Y-Y, ce qui augmente la rigidité de la bague 10.the part 26 of the surface 16 situated outside with respect to the plane P, which is inactive, is more strongly convergent towards the axis Y-Y, which increases the rigidity of the ring 10.
Dans la variante de la Figure 5, les plans P et Q sont confondus, et le positionnement axial des aiguilles et de la bague est assuré des deux côtés par des ensembles circlips-rondelle plane, soit 13-25 côté intérieur et 14-27 côté extérieur.In the variant of Figure 5, the planes P and Q are combined, and the axial positioning of the needles and the ring is ensured on both sides by circlip-flat washer assemblies, i.e. 13-25 on the inner side and 14-27 on the side outside.
De plus, la bague 10 est symétrique par rapport à son plan médian, de sorte que sa surface intérieure 16 est convergente-divergente, par exemple bi-conique ou, comme représenté, sensiblement en forme d' hyperboloïde de révolution. Ainsi, l'ensemble 4 de transmission de couple est symétrique par rapport à son plan médian, ce qui supprime les risques d'erreurs au montage.In addition, the ring 10 is symmetrical with respect to its median plane, so that its internal surface 16 is convergent-divergent, for example bi-conical or, as shown, substantially in the form of a hyperboloid of revolution. Thus, the torque transmission assembly 4 is symmetrical with respect to its median plane, which eliminates the risk of errors during assembly.
Bien entendu, dans les variantes décrites ci-dessus comme dans celle des Figures 1 et 2 , la charge axiale produite sur la bague suivant l'axe Y-Y du bras dans sa zone de contact avec le bras se transmet de la bague 10 au galet 11 par l'intermédiaire de surfaces d'appui situées à l'extérieur par rapport au plan médian du galet, c'est-à- dire dans une région très bien lubrifiée du joint. Of course, in the variants described above as in that of Figures 1 and 2, the axial load produced on the ring along the axis YY of the arm in its zone of contact with the arm is transmitted from the ring 10 to the roller 11 by means of bearing surfaces situated outside with respect to the median plane of the roller, that is to say in a very well lubricated region of the seal.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 - Joint de transmission, notamment du type tripode, comprenant :1 - Transmission joint, in particular of the tripod type, comprising:
- un élément femelle (3), en forme de fût, qui présente des canaux répartis sur sa périphérie intérieure, chaque canal formant deux voies de roulement (9) mutuellement opposées dans la direction circonférentielle;- a female element (3), in the shape of a barrel, which has channels distributed over its inner periphery, each channel forming two raceways (9) mutually opposite in the circumferential direction;
- un élément mâle (3) en forme d'étoile qui présente autant de bras (6) qu'il y a de canaux dans le fût, chaque bras étant engagé dans un canal respectif;- a male element (3) in the shape of a star which has as many arms (6) as there are channels in the barrel, each arm being engaged in a respective channel;
- des ensembles (4) de transmission de couple, en nombre correspondant au nombre de bras, comprenant chacun: une bague intérieure (10) dont la surface intérieure (16) coopère avec le bras, en oscillation rotulante et en translation suivant l'axe (Y-Y) du bras; un galet extérieur (11) qui roule directement sur les voies de roulement (9) du fût et qui tourillonne sur la bague intérieure, autour de l'axe de celle-ci; et des moyens (13, 14; 13, 24; 13, 25; 14, 27) de positionnement axial relatif entre la bague et le galet; caractérisé en ce que la surface intérieure (16) de la bague intérieure (10) est réalisée de façon que, sous couple et sous angle, une composante de charge axiale centrifuge permanente soit produite sur la bague suivant l'axe (Y-Y) du bras dans sa zone de contact avec le bras (6) , et que cette charge axiale se transmette de la bague (10) au galet (11) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une surface d'appui desdits moyens de positionnement (13, 14; 13, 24; 13, 25; 14, 27) située à l'extérieur par rapport au plan médian (Q) du galet.- sets (4) of torque transmission, in number corresponding to the number of arms, each comprising: an inner ring (10) whose inner surface (16) cooperates with the arm, in swiveling oscillation and in translation along the axis (YY) of the arm; an outer roller (11) which rolls directly on the rolling tracks (9) of the barrel and which pivots on the inner ring, around the axis thereof; and means (13, 14; 13, 24; 13, 25; 14, 27) for relative axial positioning between the ring and the roller; characterized in that the inner surface (16) of the inner ring (10) is produced so that, under torque and at an angle, a permanent centrifugal axial load component is produced on the ring along the axis (YY) of the arm in its zone of contact with the arm (6), and that this axial load is transmitted from the ring (10) to the roller (11) via at least one bearing surface of said positioning means (13, 14; 13, 24; 13, 25; 14, 27) located outside relative to the median plane (Q) of the roller.
2 - Joint de transmission suivant la revendication2 - Transmission joint according to claim
1, caractérisé en ce que le bras (6) présente une surface périphérique active bombée (7; 7, 7A) qui coopère avec la surface intérieure (16) de la bague, et en ce que, sur au moins une partie, et de préférence sur la totalité, de sa longueur active, cette surface intérieure (16) a un profil intérieur radialement convergent vers l'extérieur du joint.1, characterized in that the arm (6) has a curved active peripheral surface (7; 7, 7A) which cooperates with the inner surface (16) of the ring, and in that, on at least one part, and of preferably over the whole of its active length, this internal surface (16) has an internal profile radially converging towards the outside of the joint.
3 - Joint de transmission suivant la revendication3 - Transmission joint according to claim
2, caractérisé en ce que la surface intérieure (16) de la bague présente, au-delà de sa longueur active, un profil différent de celui de cette longueur active, notamment un profil (26) qui converge plus fortement en allant radialement vers l'extérieur du joint. 4 - Joint de transmission suivant la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le profil convergent est sensiblement tronconique.2, characterized in that the inner surface (16) of the ring has, beyond its active length, a profile different from that of this active length, in particular a profile (26) which converges more strongly by going radially towards the outside of the joint. 4 - Transmission joint according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the converging profile is substantially frustoconical.
5 - Joint de transmission suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'angle de convergence dudit profil convergent est compris entre 0,5° et 4° .5 - Transmission joint according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the convergence angle of said converging profile is between 0.5 ° and 4 °.
6 - Joint de transmission suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la surface intérieure (16) de la bague (10) présente un profil symétrique par rapport à son plan transversal médian (Q) , et en ce que, dans la position alignée du joint, le bras (6) coopère avec la bague dans ce plan médian.6 - Transmission joint according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the inner surface (16) of the ring (10) has a symmetrical profile with respect to its median transverse plane (Q), and in that that, in the aligned position of the seal, the arm (6) cooperates with the ring in this median plane.
7 - Joint de transmission suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le profil symétrique est, au moins dans sa partie active, en forme de bicône ou d ' hyperboloïde de révolution.7 - Transmission joint according to claim 6, characterized in that the symmetrical profile is, at least in its active part, in the form of a bicone or hyperboloid of revolution.
8 - Joint de transmission suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la surface bombée (7) du bras est sensiblement sphérique. 9 - Joint de transmission suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la surface bombée (7, 7A) du bras est constituée d'une partie radialement intérieure sensiblement sphérique (7) qui possède un premier rayon (r) et qui s'étend sensiblement jusqu'au plan equatorial (P) de la sphère perpendiculaire à l'axe (Y-Y) du bras, cette partie radialement intérieure étant prolongée radialement vers 1 ' extérieur par une partie extérieure torique (7A) de plus grand rayon (R) .8 - Transmission joint according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the curved surface (7) of the arm is substantially spherical. 9 - Transmission joint according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the curved surface (7, 7A) of the arm consists of a radially inner substantially spherical part (7) which has a first radius (r ) and which extends substantially to the equatorial plane (P) of the sphere perpendicular to the axis (YY) of the arm, this radially inner part being extended radially outwards by an outer toric part (7A) more large radius (R).
10 - Joint de transmission suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ladite charge axiale se transmet de la bague (10) au galet (11) par l'intermédiaire d'un circlips (14) associé éventuellement à une rondelle (27) . 11 - Joint de transmission suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ladite charge axiale se transmet de la bague (10) au galet (11) par l'intermédiaire d'une collerette (24) venue de matière avec le galet (11) . 10 - Transmission joint according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said axial load is transmitted from the ring (10) to the roller (11) via a circlip (14) possibly associated with a washer (27). 11 - Transmission joint according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said axial load is transmitted from the ring (10) to the roller (11) via a flange (24) made of material with the roller (11).
PCT/FR1999/001108 1998-06-04 1999-05-10 Three-ball-and-trunnion universal transmission joint WO1999063242A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU37137/99A AU3713799A (en) 1998-06-04 1999-05-10 Three-ball-and-trunnion universal transmission joint

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR98/07037 1998-06-04
FR9807037A FR2779494B1 (en) 1998-06-04 1998-06-04 TRANSMISSION JOINT, ESPECIALLY OF THE TRIPOD TYPE

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999063242A1 true WO1999063242A1 (en) 1999-12-09

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FR1999/001108 WO1999063242A1 (en) 1998-06-04 1999-05-10 Three-ball-and-trunnion universal transmission joint

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3713799A (en)
FR (1) FR2779494B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999063242A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107061530A (en) * 2016-02-10 2017-08-18 丰田自动车株式会社 Slidingtype tripod constant velocity universal joint and its roller unit

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6632143B2 (en) * 2000-03-31 2003-10-14 Ntn Corporation Constant velocity universal joint
JP6152650B2 (en) * 2013-02-05 2017-06-28 株式会社ジェイテクト Double roller type tripod type constant velocity joint

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0297298A1 (en) * 1987-07-01 1989-01-04 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Sliding universal joint
DE4305278C1 (en) * 1993-02-20 1994-07-28 Gkn Automotive Ag Tripod type constant velocity universal joint
GB2292438A (en) * 1994-08-19 1996-02-21 Loehr & Bromkamp Gmbh Tripod universal joints
DE19606625A1 (en) * 1995-02-27 1996-08-29 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd Homokinetic universal joint
FR2738881A1 (en) * 1995-09-15 1997-03-21 Roulements Soc Nouvelle Kinematic transmission joint for motor vehicles with large angles of offset

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0297298A1 (en) * 1987-07-01 1989-01-04 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Sliding universal joint
DE4305278C1 (en) * 1993-02-20 1994-07-28 Gkn Automotive Ag Tripod type constant velocity universal joint
GB2292438A (en) * 1994-08-19 1996-02-21 Loehr & Bromkamp Gmbh Tripod universal joints
DE19606625A1 (en) * 1995-02-27 1996-08-29 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd Homokinetic universal joint
FR2738881A1 (en) * 1995-09-15 1997-03-21 Roulements Soc Nouvelle Kinematic transmission joint for motor vehicles with large angles of offset

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107061530A (en) * 2016-02-10 2017-08-18 丰田自动车株式会社 Slidingtype tripod constant velocity universal joint and its roller unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2779494A1 (en) 1999-12-10
AU3713799A (en) 1999-12-20
FR2779494B1 (en) 2000-08-18

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