WO1999057597A2 - Einrichtung zur herstellung von dreidimensionalen aufnahmen von gegenständen mittels optischer scanner und ein verfahren zur dreidimensionalen objekterfassung - Google Patents
Einrichtung zur herstellung von dreidimensionalen aufnahmen von gegenständen mittels optischer scanner und ein verfahren zur dreidimensionalen objekterfassung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999057597A2 WO1999057597A2 PCT/EP1999/003078 EP9903078W WO9957597A2 WO 1999057597 A2 WO1999057597 A2 WO 1999057597A2 EP 9903078 W EP9903078 W EP 9903078W WO 9957597 A2 WO9957597 A2 WO 9957597A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- scanning
- scanner
- manufacturing according
- objects
- slide
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/296—Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/204—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras
- H04N13/207—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras using a single 2D image sensor
- H04N13/221—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras using a single 2D image sensor using the relative movement between cameras and objects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals
- H04N13/189—Recording image signals; Reproducing recorded image signals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals
- H04N13/194—Transmission of image signals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/204—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras
- H04N13/239—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras using two 2D image sensors having a relative position equal to or related to the interocular distance
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/204—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras
- H04N13/254—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras in combination with electromagnetic radiation sources for illuminating objects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/257—Colour aspects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/286—Image signal generators having separate monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for producing three-dimensional images of objects by means of optical scanners in connection with a data processing device and a method for controlling and operating optical scanners for producing three-dimensional images.
- Optical scanners with scanning arrays have been on the market for a number of years; the best-known designs are the so-called hand scanners and the flatbed scanners.
- a scanning element consisting of a scanning lamp and an optical scanning array, usually a CCD array
- the scanning element also consisting of a scanning lamp and an optical scanning array
- the main area of application for flatbed scanners is the scanning of paper originals. Due to their depth of focus of a few centimeters, they are also ideal for capturing smaller and especially flat objects, such as Printed circuit boards etc.
- the invention has for its object to develop a device for producing three-dimensional images of objects by means of optical scanners in connection with data processing devices and a method for controlling and operating optical scanners for producing three-dimensional images.
- This object was achieved in that a device for producing three-dimensional images of objects by means of optical scanners in connection with a data processing device was developed, in which, according to the invention, a software-controlled, commercially available or modified optical scanner equipped with a non-parallel or parallel imaging optics on a computer is and a special display for three-dimensional representation or a conventional display are provided.
- a software-controlled, commercially available or modified optical scanner equipped with a non-parallel or parallel imaging optics on a computer is and a special display for three-dimensional representation or a conventional display are provided.
- Commercially available flatbed scanners equipped with a scanning device operating according to a non-parallel or parallel optics are equipped according to the invention with additional devices or with modified interchangeable device parts for positioning the recording objects and for optimizing the object illumination for the three-dimensional imaging for the three-dimensional imaging of objects.
- These additional devices consist of boxes designed as slides, from boxes designed as slides with double bottoms, from stop rulers according to the type of slide rail system, from modified scanner lids with integrated slides box, from modified scanner lids with integrated slides box for overhead operation, from a sliding slide box for overhead operation, and from marking for slide box.
- the slide boxes have a different length, width, depth and inner lining and are specifically designed for a scanner type and / or a type of object.
- the slides are marked automatically by the software.
- the boxes can have a height-adjustable base, the height-adjustable base being arranged such that it can be locked in one or more specific, predefined heights.
- an attachable device is provided which is attached to the scanner in a positionally stable manner, with which the objects or the object carriers can be reproduced on and above the glass plate of the scanner and can be positioned in a defined orientation, this device being provided with scaling in length dimensions and / or with device-dependent scaling is.
- the device for positioning is designed in the manner of a tear rail, a pantograph, the pen control of a plotter and the like.
- the boxes can be integrated in an exchangeable lid of the scanner, the lid having a device for displacing the box and / or the entire lid with the fixed box being arranged so as to be displaceable.
- the scanner is arranged above the specimen slide, which can be placed on a device frame or pivoted into the working position by means of a hinge.
- All displacements take place via drive elements and / or the positioning which is automatically and / or manually performed by drive elements can be detected mechanically, optical, electromechanical, inductive, acoustic or capacitive sensors being provided for the detection of the displacement.
- the data transmission takes place via all interfaces that can be used in computer technology.
- a modified flatbed scanner equipped with non-parallel or parallel imaging optics which is used for the three-dimensional detection of objects
- the object is picked up automatically or partly automatically, software-controlled, via a multidimensional displacement device for the scanning array and / or via several fixed or displaceable scanning arrays and / or via one Sliding device wherein the scanning carriage is arranged in a controllably guided manner along any curve shape and / or is equipped with several light sources and / or with asymmetrically constructed scanning arrays and / or with rotatable object carriers and / or with a scanner that is equipped with a height-adjustable glass plate and / or with sliding Glass plate is equipped and / or in which the glass plate is omitted and / or that of the glass plate of the opposite cover / housing wall is omitted or is likewise replaced by a glass plate and / or in which the functionality of the additional devices is integrated.
- the scanner and / or the slide are held in a vibration-damped manner.
- an optical scanner is used both with a device-integrated movement device and with an external scanning movement, both the scanning array on the object and the object on the scanning array being provided, and the relative movements relative to one another being continuous or discontinuous done at intervals.
- the object is recorded successively and / or simultaneously in two or more recording modes, the scanner device being activated to record the object, the data of the successive and / or simultaneous acquisition being stored and after the acquisition and / or or partially during the scanning process, the data for a spatial model and / or for a spatial image are processed in a computer.
- the recordings are automatically evaluated using this method according to the invention, checked for qualitative parameters, possibly also repeated several times and then scanned again with a modified setting.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a complete system for producing, evaluating and displaying three-dimensional images of objects by means of an optical scanner
- FIG. 2 shows an optical scanner with a non-parallel imaging geometry, for example in the form of a flat bed scanner, as is used for the three-dimensional recording of objects according to the invention
- Fig. 4 shows a marker, shown as a marker frame
- FIG. 6 shows a positioning device for objects or object carriers
- FIG. 19 shows a special form of a scanner in which two fixed scanning arrays are arranged above a conveyor belt
- FIG. 21 an extended software interface for controlling a scanner (TWAIN driver), 22 shows a scanner according to FIG. 2 in a detailed illustration,
- the device shown in FIG. 1 for producing, evaluating and displaying three-dimensional images of objects consists of an optical scanner 1, a data processing device 2, on which the scanner driver 4 for controlling the scanner 1, and the image data processing 5, each containing a 3D Display module 6, a 3D model generator 7 and / or a holography generator 8, are implemented, and a display device 9.
- the image data are buffered or stored in all common formats, such as jpg, tif, png or gif.
- the image data recorded with this device and stored as a 3D model can typically be used as input data for programs based on the principle of finite elements or as input data for the calculation of video sequences, such as used in advertising films.
- the three-dimensional data thus obtained can be used very well for quality assurance and documentation.
- paintings can be recorded three-dimensionally, and the relief of thickly applied paint can be measured very easily.
- Other objects are eg medical or biological tissue samples.
- a doctor can, for example, continuously monitor and archive the swelling of one hand each time the patient is visited.
- Such a facility supports, for example, cooperation at various locations of large companies by very fast transmission of realistic three-dimensional images of work objects, any network, such as the Internet, being used as the transmission medium.
- the system can also "iteratively" record images with other recording modes in order to increase the depth resolution, to eliminate ambiguities in the SD model formation or to optimize the lighting conditions.
- the scanner 1 shown in FIG. 2 with non-parallel imaging geometry consists of the essential functional elements housing 10, scanning carriage 11, which in turn consists of scanning array 11a and scanning lamp 11b and a glass plate 12 for supporting the objects 13 to be scanned and for protecting the scanning carriage 11.
- the object boxes 13 shown in FIG. 3 fix the objects 13 to be scanned.
- Such a box is an ideal sample holder for the steroscopic scanning of small objects. It enables the objects to be shifted by a defined amount while maintaining orientation. Interfering external light is largely shielded by the box, even if the lid of the scanner cannot be closed. The use of the box further narrows the angular range under which the scanning lamp illuminates the object. In this way it reduces unwanted partial shadowing parallel to the fluorescent tube.
- the object carrier boxes 14 are then placed and scanned at several locations on the glass plate 12, typically along a displacement in the y direction.
- the length, width and depth as well as the inner lining of the object carrier boxes are designed for each scanner and / or object.
- Software-based storage of the standardized box dimensions makes it easier to calculate the image section to be used for the displays.
- the software-stored depth of the boxes can be used to standardize the depth information.
- the inner lining can finally be used for color calibration of the scans.
- the marking 15 shown on the object carrier boxes 14 permits software detection of the box position on the glass plate 12 of the scanner 1. Any marking can be used instead of the marking frame shown.
- Object carrier boxes with a height-adjustable bottom 16 allow the given depth of field of the scanner 1 to be optimally used.
- a device (17) that can be placed on the scanner 1 for positioning the objects 13 or object carriers 14 on the basis of scaling in the y direction 18 and x direction 19 is shown in FIG. 6 shown.
- This device 17 can, for example, be scanner-specific. About the holes etc. respectively .
- the scale 18 is typically attached in length dimensions and / or specific to the scanner, taking exact account of the special non-parallel optics given for the scanner type. Fig.
- FIG. 7 shows a scanner lid with integrated slide box 21, which is used in place of the scanner lid 20 supplied by the manufacturer.
- the integrated slide box 14 and / or the entire scanner lid is slidably supported.
- the slide box 14 can also be integrated in a frame 22 on which the scanner 1 is pivotally mounted.
- Scanner 1 and frame 22 and / or slide box 14 are also slidably connected to one another to produce three-dimensional images.
- a device in the manner of a pan handle 23 with a scale 24 is provided for displacing the slide box 14.
- a stereoscopic volume measurement can be carried out.
- the filling quantity of containers in the industry can also be monitored in an ideal way.
- a vibration-damped mounting of the specimen slides may be useful in order to prevent the objects from vibrating during the scanning process, for example triggered by the work of the stepping motor which controls the scanning carriage 11. to prevent.
- the scanner can be placed on the seedlings as objects and activated at fixed time intervals. In the meantime, it can be replaced by a lamp to stimulate growth. you can capture the growth of the seedling four-dimensionally in space and time and, if necessary, play back in time-lapse as a film that shows the growth in three dimensions.
- All of the additional devices described above can also be equipped with electrical drive elements and displacement and / or angle sensors, as shown in FIG. 10.
- the three-dimensional scanning is fully or largely automated here, all control information is automatically transmitted to and from the computer 2. All interfaces customary in the computer industry can be considered as transmission medium.
- the control of the additional devices takes place directly via a scanner driver 4. Instead of using additional devices for commercially available scanners 1, structurally modified scanners offer even more extensive possibilities for the production of three-dimensional images of objects. A possibility of displacement of the scanning carriage 11 in the y direction according to FIG. 2 enables a completely automatic production of three-dimensional images of objects.
- the modified scanner shown in FIG. 11 in an overhead arrangement 27 integrates, for example, the functionality of a commercially available scanner with that in FIG. 9 support frame 22 shown.
- One of the advantages of this arrangement is that under certain circumstances the glass plate 12 can be dispensed with, thereby avoiding the influence of reflections, contaminants, scratches and the like.
- the upper scanner wall can be replaced by a glass plate, omitted and possibly also provided with a lid.
- the object 13 in the slide box 14 can then be monitored directly from above, which is particularly important for the adjustment of delicate and unstable objects.
- This glass plate / opening could typically also be used to illuminate underlying biological cultures that serve as objects.
- All additives listed above can be integrated into the scanner in an analogous manner. Particularly in the case of the electrically controlled additives, as shown, for example, in FIG. 10, the complex external wiring, possibly also a second power supply unit, is omitted. This means that the scanner and integrated additional device can be optimally coordinated with one another already in the design phase.
- a scanner 28 with two mutually offset scanning arrays 11 is shown in FIG.
- the two stereoscopic partial images can thus be captured in one scan.
- 13 schematically shows a side view of the principle in which the scanning carriage, equipped with a plurality of scanning arrays, can be moved on any path, shown here as a circular path 29.
- a circular path 29 In practice, you often just run a small part of such a track. An interesting variant results if only the lower part of the circular path is realized and a cylindrical glass cover is applied to the section.
- This construction can be used in the road, for example to measure the tread thickness of car tires.
- a plurality of scanning lamps 30 can be attached in order to create different lighting conditions, operated individually or in any combination. Scanning with other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, such as infrared, can also be useful.
- asymmetrical scanning arrays 31 with eccentric virtual projection centers 31 can also be used.
- two identical ones are used, which are rotated by 180 ° to each other. This enables the scanner width to be used more efficiently.
- the rotatable slide box 32 shown in FIG. 16 allows the objects 13 to be scanned in in different orientations. With this you can both modify the lighting conditions and change the orientation of the objects in relation to the direction of displacement. With the height-adjustable glass plate 33 shown in FIG.
- the depth of field of the scanner can be better utilized, the sharpness automatically adjusted if necessary, the object in several Detect focus zones or calibrate the stereoscopically detected depth using the mechanically adjusted height control.
- the displaceable glass plate 34 shown in FIG. 18 essentially the same displacement of the objects can be achieved as with the device 17 according to FIG. 6.
- scratches etc. on the glass plate always occur approximately at the same point in the image in the individual images, however, in an arrangement according to FIG. 6 at different points.
- a special form of the scanner is shown in FIG. 19.
- a double or multiple scanning array 35 is typically arranged in a height-adjustable manner above a conveyor belt with objects 13.
- the objects 13 can be detected three-dimensionally as they pass.
- the scanning array 35 can possibly be brought to the objects 13 dynamically and / or by means of a regulation. This can then be used, for example, to regulate a hot air dryer to, for example, constantly shrinking dried fruit at an optimal distance. In contrast to other distance sensors, the sensitivity is approximately the same across the entire width. A stereoscopic volume measurement of bulk goods is also possible.
- the scanning array 35 can also be arranged rotated by 90 ° and thus discontinuously scan the objects 13 on the conveyor belt 36 in transverse movement.
- 20 shows a scanner with a double scanning array 35 with an externally induced scanning movement. This could typically be used for the mobile recording of reliefs. Typical fields of application are the detection of the roughness of masonry, for example to estimate the amount of coating color required or the condition monitoring of road surfaces and rails.
- 21 shows the user interface of the modified software interface to the scanner, the so-called TWAIN driver.
- TWAIN driver In addition to the input and output field 38 and the scan detail window 39, which is also available with the classic TWAIN driver there is a so-called stereo module 40.
- All parameters necessary for stereoscopic acquisition such as the number of scans, the lateral shift between the scans, and / or the selection of the area to be scanned are input and output via this.
- instructions would be given in the form of a graphical output, where the slide box 14 is to be positioned on the glass plate 12 of the scanner 1.
- the values read from the scales 18 and 19 in FIG. 6 could also be entered manually.
- a scanner driver modified in this way could be made available for download by the scanner manufacturers to scanners already delivered via the Internet.
- FIG. 22 shows an optical scanner 1 with non-parallel optics 44 for better illustration of the principle of the production of three-dimensional recordings, shown here by way of example as cylindrical optics.
- the projection lines 42 converge in the virtual projection center 43, which is a straight line in space.
- the object 13 is picked up in two positions, position 45 for the right eye and position 46 for the left eye, on the glass plate 12 of the scanner 1.
- the projection lines 42 meet the object 13 at the two positions 45; 46 at slightly different angles, two stereoscopic partial images are created.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Image Processing (AREA)
- Image Input (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99920852A EP1076839A2 (de) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-05-05 | Einrichtung zur herstellung von dreidimensionalen aufnahmen von gegenständen mittels optischer scanner und ein verfahren zur dreidimensionalen objekterfassung |
AU38275/99A AU3827599A (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-05-05 | Device for producing three-dimensional images of objects by means of optical scanners and method for acquiring three-dimensional image of an object |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19819992.9 | 1998-05-05 | ||
DE19819992A DE19819992C2 (de) | 1998-05-05 | 1998-05-05 | Verfahren zur dreidimensionalen Erfassung räumlicher Gegenstände mit einem Flachbettscanner und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
DE19839339.3 | 1998-08-30 | ||
DE19839339A DE19839339A1 (de) | 1998-05-05 | 1998-08-30 | Einrichtung zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Aufnahmen von Gegenständen mittels optischer Scanner und ein Verfahren zur dreidimensionalen Objekterfassung |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999057597A2 true WO1999057597A2 (de) | 1999-11-11 |
WO1999057597A3 WO1999057597A3 (de) | 1999-12-23 |
WO1999057597A9 WO1999057597A9 (de) | 2000-02-17 |
Family
ID=26045959
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1999/003078 WO1999057597A2 (de) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-05-05 | Einrichtung zur herstellung von dreidimensionalen aufnahmen von gegenständen mittels optischer scanner und ein verfahren zur dreidimensionalen objekterfassung |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1076839A2 (de) |
AU (1) | AU3827599A (de) |
DE (1) | DE19839339A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999057597A2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2387731A (en) * | 2002-04-18 | 2003-10-22 | Delcam Plc | Deriving a 3D model from a scan of an object |
US8054500B2 (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2011-11-08 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Acquiring three-dimensional structure using two-dimensional scanner |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10157244B4 (de) * | 2001-11-22 | 2006-05-04 | Leica Microsystems Semiconductor Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Defektanalyse von Wafern |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0282966A2 (de) * | 1987-03-20 | 1988-09-21 | Honeywell Inc. | Methode und Vorrichtung für dreidimensionale Abbildung |
WO1989011252A1 (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-11-30 | The University Of Connecticut | Multi-dimensional imaging system |
EP0583766A1 (de) * | 1992-08-18 | 1994-02-23 | Eastman Kodak Company | Auf Linsenrastermaterial gedruckte Tiefenbilder |
DE29718338U1 (de) * | 1997-10-22 | 1998-01-22 | Koch, Bodo, 50676 Köln | 3D-Scanbox |
DE19709050A1 (de) * | 1997-03-06 | 1998-01-22 | Burkhard Prof Dr Neumann | Anordnung zur bildhaften, farblichen Erfassung von räumlichen Gegenständen mit einem Flachbettscanner |
-
1998
- 1998-08-30 DE DE19839339A patent/DE19839339A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-05-05 WO PCT/EP1999/003078 patent/WO1999057597A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-05-05 AU AU38275/99A patent/AU3827599A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-05-05 EP EP99920852A patent/EP1076839A2/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0282966A2 (de) * | 1987-03-20 | 1988-09-21 | Honeywell Inc. | Methode und Vorrichtung für dreidimensionale Abbildung |
WO1989011252A1 (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-11-30 | The University Of Connecticut | Multi-dimensional imaging system |
EP0583766A1 (de) * | 1992-08-18 | 1994-02-23 | Eastman Kodak Company | Auf Linsenrastermaterial gedruckte Tiefenbilder |
DE19709050A1 (de) * | 1997-03-06 | 1998-01-22 | Burkhard Prof Dr Neumann | Anordnung zur bildhaften, farblichen Erfassung von räumlichen Gegenständen mit einem Flachbettscanner |
DE29718338U1 (de) * | 1997-10-22 | 1998-01-22 | Koch, Bodo, 50676 Köln | 3D-Scanbox |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2387731A (en) * | 2002-04-18 | 2003-10-22 | Delcam Plc | Deriving a 3D model from a scan of an object |
GB2387731B (en) * | 2002-04-18 | 2005-10-12 | Delcam Plc | Method and system for the modelling of 3D objects |
US8054500B2 (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2011-11-08 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Acquiring three-dimensional structure using two-dimensional scanner |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1999057597A9 (de) | 2000-02-17 |
DE19839339A1 (de) | 2000-03-02 |
WO1999057597A3 (de) | 1999-12-23 |
EP1076839A2 (de) | 2001-02-21 |
AU3827599A (en) | 1999-11-23 |
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