WO1999056851A1

WO1999056851A1 - Ceramic filter

Info

Publication number: WO1999056851A1
Application number: PCT/JP1999/002258
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tomio Suzuki; Yasuhisa Sakurai; Kazushi Odani
Original assignee: Ngk Insulators, Ltd.
Priority date: 1998-05-07
Filing date: 1999-04-27
Publication date: 1999-11-11

Abstract

A ceramic filter of a monolayer or multilayer structure of a porous ceramic material, comprising a cylindrical base member (2l), and a plurality of fins (22) outwardly projecting from an outer circumferential surface of the base member, the fins (22) being positioned with a predetermined distance retained thereamong in the lengthwise direction of the base member (2l), an inner bore (2la) of the base member (2l) forming a filtrate discharge passage, the outer surfaces of the fins (22) being utilized as sections for introducing a liquid to be treated, to increase a filtration area and reduce a flow resistance of the filtrate. This ceramic filter has a large filtration area, a low flow resistance of a filtrate and a high water permeability, and is suitable for filtering a liquid to be treated, in large quantities.

Description

Description Ceramic filter Technical field

The present invention relates to a ceramic filter for filtering a large amount of water and other liquids.

Background art

Ceramic filters have excellent characteristics such as high separation performance, high strength, high corrosion resistance, high stability against chemical cleaning, and long life.Therefore, they are compared with organic membrane filters mainly composed of organic filtration membranes made of synthetic resin. It has been attracting attention as a superior and even more sophisticated form. One of these forms is Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-16819, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-86918, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-9. A monolithic ceramic filter disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-339 is known.

The monolithic ceramic filter comprises a porous ceramic support having a plurality of flow passages extending in a longitudinal direction in parallel with each other. A porous ceramic filtration membrane having a fine pore diameter is provided, and a part of the liquid to be treated, which is supplied to the upstream passage from one end or both ends, penetrates through the ceramic filtration membrane and penetrates the inside of the partition wall. It functions to flow out of the ceramic support through the inside of the partition wall.

In recent years, there has been a demand for a large amount of water and other liquids to be filtered, and the monolithic ceramic filter of this type has also been increased in size to increase the filtration area, thereby enabling a large amount of water, such as water treatment. Attempts have been made to use other large volumes of liquid (the liquid to be treated). It is also important that not only large amounts of liquid can be treated, but also that the treatment is rapid and that the size of the filter is small, that is, that the filtration efficiency is high. You.

However, when increasing the size of the monolithic ceramic filter of this type, as the size of the filter increases, the flow resistance inside the filter increases and the permeability of the liquid to be treated, such as water permeability, decreases. There is a problem in that the permeation performance of the liquid to be treated per unit filtration area is reduced, and increasing the size of the filter to increase the filtration capacity of the filter cannot be expected to be so effective.

To cope with this, among the above publications, the monolithic ceramic filter proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-16819 (the first publication) requires the outer periphery of the ceramic support. A plurality of slots extending to the center are provided, and a means for plugging each open end of each flow passage through which the slot passes is employed.

Further, in a monolithic ceramic filter proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-86918 (second publication), a ceramic support is provided with a wall which is integral with a partition and is thicker than the partition. It is provided as a means to penetrate the support and form the wall as a flow resistance reducing portion.

Further, in a monolithic ceramic filter proposed in JP-A-6-99039 (third publication), a plurality of grooves or recesses extending from the outer periphery of the ceramic support to the center are provided, A means for plugging each open end of each flow passage through which the groove or the recess penetrates is employed.

By the way, in the monolithic ceramic filter of this type, the ceramic support as the base is generally fired after being extruded, but it is easily deformed at the time of molding, and a ceramic support having a special structure is formed. It is difficult to machine, and the shaped and fired ceramic support is brittle and hard, so it is difficult to machine the ceramic support into a special structure and it is susceptible to damage during machining. Therefore, it is inevitable that the strength is reduced due to the damage.

Therefore, as in the monolithic ceramic filters proposed in the first and third publications described above, a plurality of slots 延びる extending from the outer periphery of the ceramic support to the center and a plurality of grooves or recesses are provided. Is difficult to form and machine. In addition, there is a problem that strength reduction due to processing scratches cannot be avoided. In addition, as in the monolithic ceramic filter proposed in the above-mentioned second publication, the ceramic support is provided integrally with a partition and a wall thicker than the partition is provided through the ceramic support to provide flow resistance. Forming the relief part has few processing problems by selecting the die nozzle used for extrusion molding, but the filtration area is reduced by the presence of the flow resistance relief part, and the filtration area is reduced. However, there is a problem that the effect of reducing flow resistance is small.

Disclosure of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic filter which has a completely different structure from a monolithic ceramic filter of the type described above, has a large filtration area, and can filter a large amount of liquid, and solves the above-mentioned problems. .

That is, the present invention relates to a ceramic filter, and a first ceramic filter according to the present invention includes a porous filtration layer having a pore diameter smaller than the pore diameter of the support layer on the surface side of the support layer of the porous ceramic. The present invention relates to a ceramic filter having a multi-layer structure formed of a raw material, wherein a liquid to be treated permeates through the filtration layer and penetrates into the support layer, and the permeated filtrate flows out through the support layer to the outside.

Further, the second ceramic filter according to the present invention is a ceramic filter having a single-layer structure of a porous ceramic in which a liquid to be treated permeates from one peripheral surface side to the other peripheral surface side and flows out as a filtrate. About the evening.

Thus, the first and second ceramic filters according to the present invention comprise a cylindrical base and a number of fins projecting outward from the outer periphery of the base, each fin being defined in a longitudinal direction of the base. It is characterized in that it is located while maintaining the interval, and the inner hole of the base forms an outflow path of the filtrate.

Further, in the ceramic filter according to the present invention, the fin has a hollow portion communicating with an inner hole of the cylindrical base, and a distance between an outer surface and an inner surface of the fin is uniform. There may be some.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided the method for producing a ceramic filter according to the above, further comprising a step of casting a ceramic slurry or earth in a mold and a step of firing, wherein the mold comprises a A cylindrical core corresponding to the inner hole, wherein in the forming step, the slurry or the earth is poured, and a portion corresponding to a cavity of the fin and a gap between the fins from one end side in the longitudinal direction of the base. In the firing step, a ceramic film that burns out the cardboard is performed by alternately pouring a slurry or earth into the formwork and setting the cardboard while sandwiching cardboard having an appropriate thickness. A manufacturing method is provided. Further, according to the present invention, there is provided the ceramic filter according to the above, comprising a step of joining and laminating a plurality of plate-like molded bodies provided with through holes constituting the inner hole of the base body at a peripheral portion of the through hole. And a molded body for a fin lower plate provided with a through-hole forming an inner hole of the base and a formed body for a fin upper plate provided with a through-hole forming an inner hole of the base. A step of alternately joining and laminating, wherein the fin upper plate forming body and the fin lower plate forming body adjacent above the fin lower plate forming body are bonded to each other at a peripheral portion of each through hole; A method for manufacturing a ceramic filler is provided in which an upper plate molding and a fin lower plate molding adjacent to the lower plate are joined at their outer edges.

In the first ceramic filter according to the present invention, the filtration layers on the surface side of many fins and on the surface side of the substrate function as filtration membranes, and the filtrate passing through these filtration layers becomes the support layer of each fin. And through the support layer of the substrate to the outflow channel formed by the inner hole of the substrate, and flows out of the ceramic filler.

Therefore, in the ceramic filter, the filtration area of the filtration membrane composed of each fin and the filtration layer of the substrate is extremely large, and the flow path of the filtrate composed of the support layer of each fin and the substrate is large. As the flow resistance is low, the filtration capacity of the liquid to be treated is extremely high.

Therefore, according to the ceramic filter, by adopting a structure completely different from the monolithic ceramic filter, the filtration area is increased and the flow resistance is reduced. It is possible to increase the filtration capacity of the liquid to be treated and to solve the problems inherent in the monolithic ceramic filter.

In the ceramic filter according to the present invention, each fin is formed in a plate shape independent of each other, each fin is formed in a spiral plate shape connected to each other, and each fin is formed in a disk shape as viewed in a plane. Thus, the filtration area of each fin can be increased without lowering the flow resistance. Further, in the ceramic filler according to the present invention, each fin is formed to have a shape in which a part of the outer periphery thereof is missing, and the missing portions of each fin are located at positions facing each other in the vertical direction. The size of the missing portion is gradually changed in the vertical direction.The missing portion of each fin is formed in two symmetrical portions, and each missing portion located on one of the left portions is formed from above to below. For example, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which each of the missing parts located on the other side of the left and right is gradually reduced from the upper side to the lower side.

As a result, when the ceramic filter is disposed in the casing forming the filter device and is located between the supply port and the discharge port of the liquid to be treated in the casing, the liquid to be treated is missing each fin. The surface of the fins that polymerize with each other through the site is more easily in contact with each other, thereby increasing the filtration efficiency.

In the ceramic filter according to the present invention, the support layer and the filter layer are formed of different porous ceramic materials having different pore diameters from each other, and the filter layer is formed by attaching the filter layer to the surface of the support body. In addition, the support layer and the filtration layer are formed of a porous ceramic material having a myriad of pores formed by foaming a foaming agent, and a layer in which pores having small pore diameters are unevenly distributed on the surface side is formed. It can be a filtration layer. The first ceramic filter according to the present invention is suitable for a field where a precise filtration process is required, but is a ceramic filter having a single-layer structure of a porous ceramic in a field where a very fine filtration process is not required. The second ceramic filter according to the present invention is advantageous in terms of filtration efficiency and cost.

The ceramic filter having the multilayer structure described above supports the base and each fin in a body shape. The membrane is adhered to the surface of the body, and the support is formed by compressing ceramic powder by adding an organic binder, an inorganic binder, water, etc., and kneading the resulting mixture. It is formed by means such as shape, injection molding, and injection molding.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the support has a plurality of plate-like molded bodies 40 each having a through-hole 39 constituting an inner hole 21 a of the base 21, and a plurality of the plate-like molded bodies are provided around the through-hole 39. It may be manufactured by joining and laminating. In FIG. 8, the joints are indicated by thick lines. Generally, each plate-like molded body is formed in a disk shape, and the through hole is provided at the center of the plate-like molded body.

Incidentally, the plate-like molded body 40 may be manufactured by press molding using an earth or slurry prepared by adding an organic binder, an inorganic binder, water, etc. to the ceramic powder and kneading the mixture. For joining the plate-shaped molded products 40, it is preferable to use a slurry or a soil having substantially the same composition as the slurry or the soil used in the production of the plate-shaped molded product from the viewpoint of adhesiveness. Here, “substantially the same composition” means that the type of the ceramic powder in the slurry or the earth used in the joining is the same as the type of the ceramic powder in the slurry or the earth used in the production of the plate-like molded product, It means that only the amount of water is changed. Further, for joining the plate-like molded bodies 40, a glass mixed slurry obtained by mixing glass with a slurry or earth having substantially the same composition as described above may be used. The use of a glass mixed slurry has the advantage that bonding is facilitated and defects due to poor bonding are less likely to occur. The joining and lamination of the plate-shaped molded body may be performed after the plate-shaped molded body is dried, or may be performed after the plate-shaped molded body is fired.

The filtration layer is formed by applying or accumulating a ceramic slurry on the surface of such a support to form a thin film, which is then fired. Thus, the support forms a support layer, and a ceramic filter having a filtration layer formed of a membrane is formed on the surface side of the support layer. As the ceramic material, an appropriate ceramic powder such as alumina, silica, mullite, cordierite, silicon carbide, and silicon nitride can be used.

In the first ceramic filter according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, a hollow portion 25 communicating with the inner hole 21 a of the cylindrical base 21 is provided inside the fin 22, and the fin 2 If the distance between the outer surface and the inner surface is made uniform, the liquid from the passage of the liquid to be treated through the filter layer on the surface of the fin The resistance is reduced, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved. The reason why the distance between the outer surface and the inner surface of the fins 22 is made uniform is to prevent variations in filtration efficiency between the ceramic filters.

In addition, by adopting the above configuration, the size of the ceramic filter can be further reduced in accordance with the improvement of the filtration efficiency. For example, the ceramic filter can be installed in a general household at a water tap or the like. It can be suitably used as a kitchen water filter.

As described above, when the inside of the fins 22 is hollow, the strength of the fins 22 is reduced, and the water pressure during the filtration may damage the ceramic filter 20D. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6 (c), it is preferable to provide a columnar reinforcing portion 27 in the gap 26 formed between the adjacent fins 22 and the hollow portion 25 of the fin 22. The reinforcing portion 27 is preferably made of a ceramic constituting the ceramic filter 20D from the viewpoint of easy manufacturing.

The ceramic filler 20D is a multi-layer structure in which a base film 21 is bonded to the surface of a support in which the base 21 and each fin 22 are integrally formed, and the support is composed of ceramic powder and organic powder. It is formed by means of compression molding, injection molding, injection molding, etc., using earth and slurry prepared by adding and kneading a binder, an inorganic binder, and water. It is formed by applying or accumulating a rally to form a thin film and firing it. As a result, the support constitutes a support layer, and a ceramic filter 20D having a filtration layer formed of a membrane on the surface side of the support layer is formed. As shown in FIG. 7 (a), the slurry or the earth was formed by forming a mold 30 having a cylindrical core 29 corresponding to the inner hole of the base from one end in the longitudinal direction of the base. The thick paper 31 having an appropriate thickness is sandwiched between the hollow portions of the fins and the portions corresponding to the gaps between the fins. The pouring of the slurry or earth into the formwork 30 and the placement of the thick paper 31 are alternately performed. It is performed by performing. The cardboard 31 may have water resistance on both sides. For example, a cardboard having a thickness of about lmm is used. Also, it is installed in the molded body The cardboard burns out during the firing process.

As shown in FIG. 7 (b), it is preferable to use the thick paper 31 provided with a through hole 32 for forming a reinforcing portion from the viewpoint of manufacturing efficiency. In this case, the material of the reinforcing portion is the same as the material of the support. In addition, instead of the above cardboard, sublimable materials such as theopromine, nylon, graphite, filter paper, and the like, and low-temperature combustion materials that burn at 50 to 500 ° C, such as paraffin, organic polymers, and carbon, are used. You may.

The molding is specifically performed as follows. As shown in Fig. 7 (a), first, the first slurry or earth 34 is poured into the mold 30 with the top cover 33 removed, and then the first cardboard 35 is set. After the second slurry or embankment 36 has been poured into the container, a second cardboard 37 is installed. By repeating such an operation from one end to the other end in the longitudinal direction of the base, the pouring is completed. After the pouring, the upper lid 33 is placed and compression molding is performed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the support is composed of a molded body 41 for the lower fin plate provided with a through hole 39 forming the inner hole 21 a of the base and a through hole forming the inner hole of the base 21. It may be manufactured by alternately joining and laminating the fin upper plate forming bodies 42 provided with the holes 39. In this case, the fin upper plate molded body 4 2 a and the fin lower plate molded body 4 1 a adjacent to the upper side are joined together at the periphery of the through hole 39 to form the fin upper plate. The body 42a and the molded body for the lower fin lower plate 4lb adjacent to the lower side thereof are joined to each other at their outer edges. In FIG. 9, the joints are indicated by thick lines. Each plate compact is generally disc-shaped, and the through hole is provided at the center of the plate-like compact.

Regarding the reinforcing part, either the fin outer reinforcing part 27a or the fin inner reinforcing part 27b is provided on the fin lower plate molding 41, and the fin upper plate molding 42 is provided with a fin. The other of the outer reinforcing portion 27a and the fin inner reinforcing portion 27b is provided, and when joining the plate-formed bodies, the reinforcing portion is joined by joining the end face of the reinforcing portion 27 to the adjacent plate-formed body surface. 27 may be formed. In Fig. 9, the fin lower plate molded body 41 has a fin outer reinforcing part 27a, and the fin upper plate molded body 42 has fins. The case where the inner reinforcement 27 b is provided is shown. In FIG. 9, the joints are indicated by thick lines. Note that it is not necessary to provide a reinforcing portion on the lowermost fin lower plate molded body 41c. The shape of the molded body 41 for the lower fin plate and the molded body 42 for the upper fin plate 42 are the same as shown in FIG. 10, for example, in view of the efficiency in manufacturing the molded body for the plate. preferable. In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, the reinforcing parts are provided on the fin lower plate molded body 41 and the fin upper plate molded body 42, respectively, with the fin outer reinforcing part 27a and the fin inner part. The reinforcing part fragments 43 constituting the reinforcing part 27 b are provided, and when joining the plate moldings, the reinforcing parts 27 of the adjacent plate moldings are joined to form the reinforcing part 27. It may be formed. In FIG. 10, the joining portion is indicated by a thick line. In addition, in order to make the shape of the molded body 41 for the lower fin plate and the molded body 42 for the upper fin plate the same, the shape of the reinforcing portion pieces 43 provided on the molded bodies for each plate is also the same. Therefore, it is preferable that the reinforcing portion fragment 43 is formed by dividing the reinforcing portion 27 into two in the height direction so that each fragment has the same shape. Also in this case, it is not necessary to provide the outer fin reinforcing portion 27a on the uppermost fin upper plate molded body 42 and the lowermost fin lower plate molded body 41.

The plate compacts 41 and 42 are manufactured by press molding using earth and slurry prepared by adding and kneading an organic binder, an inorganic binder, and water to ceramic powder. In addition, when joining the plate-shaped molded bodies 41, 42, a slurry or soil having substantially the same composition as the slurry or the ground used in the production of the plate-shaped molded body may be used. It is preferable from the viewpoint of adhesiveness. Here, “substantially the same composition” is as described above. In addition, the plate molded bodies 41 and 42 may be joined to each other using a slurry having substantially the same composition or a glass mixed slurry obtained by mixing glass with earth. The joining and lamination of the plate compacts 4 1 and 4 2 may be performed after the plate compacts 4 1 and 4 2 are dried, or may be performed after the plate compacts 4 1 and 4 2 are sintered. Good.

Each of the above multilayer ceramic filters has a multilayer structure by attaching a thin film to a support. However, these can be formed into a ceramic filter having a multilayer structure in which a support layer and a filtration layer are integrally provided. In order to form the ceramic filler, an appropriate ceramic powder and a hydrophilic polyurethane monomer are mixed with water to prepare a ceramic slurry, and the ceramic slurry is poured into a ceramic filler mold. Inject molding.

At the time of the injection molding, the resin monomer reacts to generate carbon dioxide gas and foams inside the ceramic molded body. Then, when this ceramic foam is fired, a porous material having innumerable pores is obtained. Ceramic molded body. In this molded product, pores having a small pore diameter are unevenly distributed in a surface layer (for example, 10 m) in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the 、 -shaped cavity, and this surface layer constitutes a filtration layer. The portion constitutes the support layer, and becomes the ceramic film according to the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a filter device employing a ceramic filter according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view of the filter device.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a ceramic filter according to another example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a filter device employing a ceramic filter according to still another example of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view of the filter device.

FIG. 6 shows (a) a longitudinal sectional side view of a filter device employing a ceramic filter according to still another example of the present invention, and (b) and (c) partially enlarged longitudinal sectional views of (a). is there. FIGS. 7A and 7B are (a) a vertical sectional side view showing an example of a method for manufacturing a ceramic filler according to the present invention, and (b) a schematic view showing an example of cardboard used in the above-described manufacturing method.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional side view showing another example of the method for manufacturing a ceramic filler according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of the method for manufacturing a ceramic filter according to the present invention. TJP

-11-It is a side view.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing an example of a plate forming body. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

(Example 1)

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a filter device using a ceramic filter according to an example of the first ceramic filter of the present invention. The filter device is configured by disposing a ceramic filter 2 OA in a vertically long casing 10.

The casing 10 has a cylindrical, vertically long casing body 11, an upper lid 12 for covering an upper end opening of the casing main body 11, and a lower lid 13 for covering a lower end opening of the casing main body 11. The lids 12 and 13 are liquid-tightly mounted at upper and lower flange portions 11 a and 11 b of the casing 11.

Each of the upper and lower lids 12 and 13 has a disk shape, and has circular recesses 12 a and 13 a which open inward at the center, and a circle at the center of each recess 12 a and 13 a. The upper lid 12 has a supply pipe 12 c attached thereto, and the lower lid 13 has a discharge pipe 13 c attached thereto. The supply pipe 12c of the upper lid 12 constitutes a supply port of the liquid to be treated, and the discharge pipe 13c of the lower lid 13 constitutes a discharge port of the liquid to be treated.

The upper and lower ends of the ceramic filler 2 OA are liquid-tightly fitted into the recesses 12 &, 13 a of the lids 12, 13, and in this state, the lids 12, 13 are attached to the casing body 1. Each of the flange portions 11a and 11b of 1 is mounted in a liquid-tight manner so as to be accommodated in the casing 10.

The ceramic filler 2OA is composed of a cylindrical base 21 and a number of disk-shaped fins 22 projecting outward from the outer periphery of the base 21. Each fin 22 has the same diameter and is formed on the outer periphery of the base 21. And is formed integrally with a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction. The base 21 and each of the fins 22 are composed of a support layer made of a porous ceramic material and a filtration layer adhered to the surface of the support layer and made of a porous ceramic material. The filtration layer has a pore diameter of the support layer. The pore size is set to be smaller than that of.

For example, the ceramic fill 2 OA has a base body 21 having a diameter of 10 O mm, a diameter of each fin 22 being 300 111 111, a thickness of 1 mm, an interval between the tip portions of l mm, and an overall height. Is 100 O mm in size, and the filtration area is set to 22 m ² .

The ceramic filter 2OA is located between the supply pipe 12c and the discharge pipe 13c in the casing 10, and an inner hole 21a of the base 21 is open to the outside. Thus, each fin 22 forms an inlet for the liquid to be treated, the inner hole 21a of the base 21 forms an outlet for the filtrate, and is supplied into the casing 10 through the supply pipe 12c. The liquid to be treated flows through the casing 10 to the discharge pipe 13c, and is discharged through the discharge pipe 13c.

During this time, the liquid to be treated flowing in the casing 10 comes into contact with the surface of each fin 22, and a part of the liquid permeates through the filtration layer of each fin 22 and enters the support layer, and flows in the support layer. As a result, the liquid reaches the inner hole 21 a of the base 21, flows out through the inner hole 21 a, and the liquid to be treated is filtered.

As described above, in the ceramic filter 2 OA, the filtration layers mainly on the surface side of a large number of fins 22 function as filtration membranes, and the filtrate passing through these filtration layers is used as a support layer and a substrate for each fin 22. It flows out of the ceramic filter 2OA through an outflow passage formed by the inner hole 21a of the base 21 through the support layer 21. Therefore, the filtration area formed by the filtration layer of each fin 22 is extremely large, and the flow path of the filtrate formed by each fin 22 and the support layer of the base 21 is large and the flow resistance is small. The filtration capacity of the liquid to be treated is extremely high.

(Example 2)

In the filter device, a ceramic filter 20B shown in FIG. 3 can be employed instead of the ceramic filter 2OA. This ceramic filler 20B is composed of two spiral plates 23a and 23b in which each fin 23 is continuous with each other. Each fin 23 forms an inlet for the liquid to be treated, and the inner hole 21 a of the base 21 forms an outlet for the filtrate, as in the case of the ceramic filter 2 OA. Is filtered with a high filtration efficiency as in the case of ceramic filter 20 A.

(Example 3)

FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show a filter device using a ceramic filter according to another example of the present invention. The filter device is configured by disposing a ceramic filter 20 C in a vertically long casing 10. The ceramic filter 20C has the same configuration as the ceramic filter 20A except that the shape of each fin is different, and the ceramic filter 20C is arranged in the casing 10 similarly to the ceramic filter 20A. It is set up.

Thus, each fin 24 constituting the ceramic fill 20 C is formed to have a shape in which a part of the outer peripheral edge is missing, and the upper end fin 24 a located at the upper end is the missing portion 2. 4 a 1 is provided only at one location on the left side of the figure, and the lower fin 24 b located at the lower end is provided with a missing part 24 b 1 only at one location on the right side of the figure. All the intermediate fins 24c located between the fins 24a and 24b have missing portions 24c1 and 24c2 at two locations on the left and right sides.

In each of the fins 24, the missing portions 24al, 24bl, 24cl, and 24c2 are positioned at positions facing each other in the vertical direction, and the missing portions 24a1, 24b The size of 1, 24c1, 24c2 is gradually changed in the vertical direction, and each missing portion 24c2 located on the right side is gradually formed from the upper side to the lower side, and Each of the missing portions 24c1 located on the left side portion is formed to be gradually smaller from the upper side to the lower side.

As a result, in the filter device, when the ceramic filter 20 C is positioned between the supply pipe 12 c and the discharge pipe 13 c of the casing 10, the liquid to be treated is not applied to each of the fins 24. The surface side of each fin 24 that is superimposed on each other through the missing portions of the fins 24 can easily come into contact with each other, thereby increasing the filtration efficiency.

(Example 4) FIG. 6 shows a filter device using a ceramic filter according to still another example of the present invention. The filter device is configured by disposing a ceramic filter 20D in a vertically long casing 10.

The casing 10 includes a cylindrical, vertically long casing body 11, an upper lid 12 for covering an upper end opening of the casing body 11, and a lower lid 1 for covering a lower end opening of the casing body 11. The lids 12 and 13 are liquid-tightly attached to the casing 11.

Each of the upper and lower lids 12 and 13 has a disk shape, and the upper lid 12 has a circular concave portion 12a which opens to the inner side at the center, and a central portion of each concave portion 12a. The upper lid 12 is provided with a discharge pipe to form a discharge port for the liquid to be treated. On the other hand, the lower lid 13 has circular recesses 13 a and 13 h which are not communicated with each other at the center of both sides, and the recess 13 h communicates with the casing 10 through the flow path 28. . A supply pipe is attached to the lower lid 13 and forms a supply port for the liquid to be treated.

The upper and lower ends of the ceramic filler 20D are liquid-tightly fitted into the respective recesses 12a and 13a of the lids 12 and 13. , 13 are accommodated in the casing 10 by being attached to the casing body 11 in a liquid-tight manner.

The ceramic filter 20D includes a cylindrical base 21 and a number of disk-shaped fins 22 projecting outward from the outer periphery of the base 21. Each fin 22 has the same diameter as the base. 21 are formed integrally with each other at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction on the outer periphery of the same. The base 21 and each of the fins 22 are composed of a support layer made of a porous ceramic material and a filtration layer adhered to the surface of the support layer and made of a porous ceramic material. The filtration layer has a pore diameter of the support layer. The pore size is set to be smaller than that of. Each fin 22 has a cavity 25 communicating with the inner hole 21 a of the base 21, and a gap 26 formed between adjacent fins 22 and a cavity 2 of the fin 22. 5 is provided with a columnar reinforcing portion 27.

The ceramic filler 20D has, for example, a diameter of the substrate 21 of 2 O mm, 2 diameter 9 0 mm, thickness 5 mm, spacing of the tip with l mm, is intended overall height of the size of 2 6 9 mm, the filtration area is 0. 5 4 3 m ² Is set. The distance between the outer surface and the inner surface of the fin 22 is uniform and 2 mm. The reinforcing portions 27 each having a diameter of 4 mm are provided 24 in each of the gaps and the hollow portions.

In the ceramic filler 20D, an inner hole 2la of the base 21 is open to the outside in the casing 10. As a result, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 6, each fin 22 forms an inlet for the liquid to be treated, and the inner hole 21 a of the base 21 forms an outlet for the filtrate, and the supply pipe The liquid to be processed supplied into the casing 10 from the flow passage 28 flows through the casing 10 to the opening 12b, and is discharged through the discharge pipe.

During this time, the liquid to be treated flowing in the casing 10 comes into contact with the surface of each fin 22, and a part of the liquid permeates through the filtration layer of each fin 22 and enters the support layer, and flows through the support layer. It flows and reaches the inner hole 21 a of the base 21, flows out through the inner hole 21 a, and the liquid to be treated is filtered.

As described above, in the ceramic filter 20D, the filtration layers mainly on the surface side of the large number of fins 22 function as filtration membranes, and the filtrate that has passed through these filtration layers is used as the support layer and the support layer of each fin 22.を通 They flow out of the ceramic filter 20D through the outflow path formed by the inner hole 21a of the base 21 through the support layer of the base 21. Accordingly, the filtration area formed by the filtration layer of each fin 22 is extremely large, and the flow path of the filtrate formed by each fin 22 and the support layer of the base 21 is large. Compared with OA, the flow resistance is much lower, so the filtration capacity of the liquid to be treated is extremely high.

As a result, the ceramic filter can be made even smaller than the ceramic filter 2 OA with the improvement of filtration efficiency.For example, kitchen water filtration installed in a household at a water tap etc. It can be suitably used as an instrument.

Each of the above ceramic filters 20 A to 20 D is a ceramic filter having a multilayer structure including a support layer and a filtration layer (first ceramic filter according to the present invention). Ceramic filters 20 A to 20 D are suitable for fields that require precise filtration, but each ceramic filter 20 A to 20 D is composed of only a support layer without a filtration layer It can be configured as a single-layer ceramic filter (second ceramic filter according to the present invention).

Such a single-layer ceramic filter is suitable for a field where a very precise filtration is not required. In the filtration in such a field, the filtration efficiency is high, and each of the ceramic filters 20A to 20D is used. This is also advantageous in terms of cost as compared with. Industrial applicability

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The ceramic filter of the present invention can be suitably used in fields requiring large-scale filtration of water and other liquids, such as water treatment.

In particular, the first ceramic filter according to the present invention is suitable for a field where a precise filtration process is required, but in a field where a very fine filtration process is not required, a ceramic filter having a porous ceramic single-layer structure is used. The second ceramic filter according to the present invention, which is an evening, is advantageous in terms of filtration efficiency and cost.

Further, in the first ceramic filter according to the present invention, if a hollow portion communicating with the inner hole of the cylindrical base is provided inside the fin, the ceramic filter can be further miniaturized with an improvement in filtration efficiency. For example, it can be suitably used as a water filter for kitchen used in a household at a water tap or the like.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A porous ceramic support layer is formed of a material provided with a porous filter layer having a smaller pore diameter on the outer peripheral surface of the support layer, and the liquid to be treated permeates through the filter layer. A ceramic filter having a multi-layer structure in which the filtrate penetrates into the support layer and infiltrated filtrate flows out through the support layer to the outside, and comprises a cylindrical substrate and a number of fins protruding outward from the outer periphery of the substrate. A ceramic filter, wherein each fin is located at a predetermined interval in a longitudinal direction of the base, and an inner hole of the base forms an outflow passage of the filtrate.

2. The ceramic filter according to claim 1, wherein each of the fins has a spiral plate shape connected to each other.

3. The ceramic filter according to claim 1, wherein each of the fins has a spiral plate shape connected to each other.

4. The ceramic filter according to claim 1, wherein each of the fins has a disk shape in plan view.

5. The ceramic filter according to claim 1, wherein each of the fins has a part of an outer peripheral edge thereof missing.

6. The ceramic filler according to claim 5, wherein the missing portions of the fins are located at locations facing each other in an up-down direction, and the size of the missing portions gradually changes in the up-down direction. Ceramic filter.

7. The ceramic filter according to claim 6, wherein each of the fins has the missing portion at two symmetrical portions, and each of the missing portions located at one of the left and right portions is gradually larger from top to bottom. A ceramic filter that is formed, and each of the missing portions located on the other of the left and right sides is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

9. The ceramic filter according to claim 1, wherein the support layer and the filtration layer are formed of different porous ceramic materials having different pore sizes from each other, and the filtration layer is attached to a surface of the support layer. Ceramic Fill Evening.

10. The ceramic filter according to claim 1, wherein the support layer and the filtration are provided. A ceramic filter, wherein the layers are formed of different porous ceramic materials having different pore diameters from each other, and the filtration layer is attached to a surface of the support layer.

11. The ceramic filter according to claim 1, wherein the support layer and the filtration layer are formed of a porous ceramic material having a myriad of pores caused by foaming of a foaming agent, and have a pore diameter on the surface side. Having small pores unevenly forming the filtration layer

12. The ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the fin has a cavity therein, the cavity communicating with an inner hole of the cylindrical base, and a distance between an outer surface and an inner surface of the fin is uniform. Fil evening.

13. The ceramic filter according to claim 12, wherein a columnar reinforcing portion is provided in a gap formed between the adjacent fins and the hollow portion.

14. The ceramic filter according to claim 11, which is a kitchen water filter.

15. A porous ceramic single-layer ceramic filter that allows the liquid to be treated to permeate from one peripheral surface side to the other peripheral surface and flow out as a filtrate. The fin comprises a large number of fins projecting outward from the outer periphery of the base, each fin being located at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the base, and an inner hole of the base forming an outflow passage of the filtrate. Ceramic fill evening.

16. The ceramic filler according to claim 15, wherein each of the fins has an independent plate shape.

17. The ceramic filter according to claim 15, wherein each of the fins has a spiral plate shape connected to each other.

18. The ceramic filter according to claim 15, wherein each of the fins has a disk shape in plan view.

19. The ceramic filter according to claim 15, wherein each of the fins has a portion of an outer peripheral portion thereof missing.

20. The ceramic filter according to claim 19, wherein the missing portions of each of the fins are located at positions facing each other in the vertical direction, and the size of the missing portions is vertical. Ceramic filter that is gradually changing.

21. The ceramic filler according to claim 20, wherein each of the fins has the missing portion at two symmetrical portions, and each of the missing portions located at one of the left and right portions is directed downward from above. A ceramic filler that is formed gradually larger, and each of the missing parts located on the other side of the left and right is formed gradually smaller from top to bottom.

22. The fin according to claim 15, wherein the fin has a cavity therein, which communicates with an inner hole of the cylindrical base, and a distance between an outer surface and an inner surface of the fin is uniform. Ceramic filter.

23. The ceramic filler according to claim 22, wherein a columnar reinforcing portion is provided in a gap formed between the adjacent fins and the hollow portion.

24. The ceramic filler according to claim 22, which is a kitchen water filter.

25. The porous ceramic support layer is formed of a material provided with a porous filtration layer having a pore diameter smaller than the pore diameter of the support layer on the outer peripheral surface of the support layer. Or a multilayer structure in which the infiltrated filtrate flows out through the support layer to the outside, or the liquid to be treated permeates from one peripheral surface side to the other peripheral surface side and flows out as a filtrate. It has a single-layer structure of porous ceramic, and comprises a cylindrical base and a number of fins projecting outward from the outer periphery of the base. Each fin is located at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the base, and An inner hole of the base forms an outflow path of the filtrate; and the fin has a cavity therein communicating with the inner hole of the cylindrical base, and an outer surface of the fin. Of ceramic filter with uniform distance between the surface and inner surface A method comprising: casting a ceramic slurry or earth in a mold to form; and a firing step, wherein the mold includes a cylindrical core corresponding to an inner hole of the base; In the step, the slurry or the earth is poured while sandwiching a cardboard having an appropriate thickness in a portion corresponding to the cavity of the fin and a gap between the fins from one end side in the longitudinal direction of the base. The casting of the slurry or the earth into the formwork and the setting of the cardboard are performed alternately, and in the firing step, the ceramic foil for burning out the cardboard is used. Manufacturing method

26. The method for producing a ceramic filter according to claim 25, wherein the cardboard has a through hole for forming the reinforcing portion.

27. The method for producing a ceramic filter according to claim 25, wherein a sublimable material is used instead of the cardboard.

28. The method for producing a ceramic filter according to claim 27, wherein the sublimable material is theopromine, carbon, graphite or filter paper.

29. The method for producing a ceramic filter according to claim 25, wherein a low-temperature combustion material is used instead of the cardboard.

30. The method for producing a ceramic filter according to claim 29, wherein the low-temperature combustion material is paraffin, an organic polymer, or carbon.

31. The porous ceramic support layer is formed of a material having a porous filtration layer having a pore diameter smaller than the pore diameter of the support layer on the outer peripheral surface of the support layer. Or a multi-layer structure in which the infiltrated filtrate is allowed to flow out through the support layer to the outside, or the liquid to be treated permeates from one peripheral surface side to the other peripheral surface and flows out as filtrate. It has a single-layer structure of a porous ceramic, and comprises a cylindrical substrate and a number of fins projecting outward from the outer periphery of the substrate. Each fin is positioned at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the substrate and A method for manufacturing a ceramic filter, wherein an inner hole of the substrate forms an outflow passage of the filtrate, comprising: forming a plurality of plate-like molded bodies having through holes constituting the inner hole of the substrate; Has a process of joining and laminating around the periphery of Seramitsu IAI Kfir evening method of production.

32. The method for producing a ceramic filter according to claim 31, wherein the plate-shaped formed body has a disk shape, and the through-hole is provided at a central portion thereof.

33. The porous ceramic support layer is formed of a material having a porous filtration layer having a pore diameter smaller than the pore diameter of the support layer on the outer peripheral surface of the support layer. Or a multi-layer structure in which the infiltrated filtrate is allowed to flow out through the support layer to the outside, or the liquid to be treated permeates from one peripheral surface side to the other peripheral surface side to be filtrated to the outside. It has a single-layer structure of porous ceramic to be discharged, and comprises a cylindrical base and a number of fins projecting outward from the outer periphery of the base, each fin being positioned at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the base. And an inner hole of the base forms an outflow passage of the filtrate, and the fin has a hollow portion therein communicating with the inner hole of the cylindrical base. A method for producing a ceramic filler having a uniform distance between an outer surface and an inner surface, the method comprising forming a fin lower plate forming body having a through-hole forming an inner hole of the base and an inner hole of the base. A step of alternately joining and forming a fin upper plate forming body having a through-hole having a through hole, and forming the fin upper plate forming body and a fin lower plate forming body adjacent above the fin upper plate forming body. Joined at the periphery of each other through hole, A fin upper Plate molding body, the fins lower plate molding body adjacent to the lower side, the manufacturing method of the ceramic filter to be joined at the outer edge portion of one another.

34. The formed body for the fin lower plate includes one of a fin outer reinforcing part and a fin inner reinforcing part, and the fin upper plate formed body is the other of the fin outer reinforcing part and the fin inner reinforcing part. 34. The method for producing a ceramic filter according to claim 33, further comprising: bonding the end face of the reinforcing portion to an adjacent surface of the molded plate.

35. The method for producing a ceramic filter according to claim 33, wherein the molded body for the fin lower plate and the molded body for the fin upper plate have the same shape.

36. Each of the molded body for the fin lower plate and the molded body for the fin upper plate has a reinforcing portion fragment constituting a fin outer reinforcing portion and a fin inner reinforcing portion, and the reinforcing portion fragment forms the reinforcing portion. The method for producing a ceramic film according to claim 35, wherein each of the fragments is divided into two in the height direction so as to have the same shape, and the reinforcing portion fragments of the adjacent plate molding are further joined together. .

37. The method for producing a ceramic filter according to claim 33, wherein the molded body for the lower fin plate and the molded body for the upper fin plate have a disk shape, and the through-hole is provided at a central portion thereof. .

38. The production of the ceramic filler according to claim 33, wherein the plate-shaped molded body, the molded body for the fin lower plate, and the molded body for the fin upper plate are produced by press molding. Method.

39. Joining with a slurry or earth having substantially the same composition as the slurry or earth used in the production of the plate-shaped body or the fin lower plate body and the fin upper plate body 34. The method for producing a ceramic filler according to claim 33.

40. The method for producing a ceramic filter according to claim 39, wherein the ceramic filter is joined by a glass mixture slurry obtained by mixing glass with the slurry or the earth.

41. The method for manufacturing a ceramic film according to claim 33, wherein the plate-like molded body, the molded body for the fin lower plate, and the molded body for the fin upper plate are dried and then joined and laminated.

42. The method for producing a ceramic film according to claim 33, wherein the plate-like molded body, the molded body for the fin lower plate, and the molded body for the fin upper plate are fired and then joined and laminated. .