WO1999049984A1 - Pulverisateur nasal muni d'une soupape elastomere - Google Patents

Pulverisateur nasal muni d'une soupape elastomere Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999049984A1
WO1999049984A1 PCT/IB1999/000474 IB9900474W WO9949984A1 WO 1999049984 A1 WO1999049984 A1 WO 1999049984A1 IB 9900474 W IB9900474 W IB 9900474W WO 9949984 A1 WO9949984 A1 WO 9949984A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
valve
spray
spray device
slit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB1999/000474
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Paul John Rennie
Eric Wilkinson
Julian Robert Pieters
Robert Andrew Lawson
Original Assignee
The Procter & Gamble Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Procter & Gamble Company filed Critical The Procter & Gamble Company
Priority to JP2000540942A priority Critical patent/JP2002509797A/ja
Priority to HU0101096A priority patent/HUP0101096A3/hu
Priority to AU27414/99A priority patent/AU751624B2/en
Priority to BR9909269-7A priority patent/BR9909269A/pt
Priority to CA002325043A priority patent/CA2325043A1/fr
Priority to EP99907787A priority patent/EP1087841A1/fr
Publication of WO1999049984A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999049984A1/fr
Priority to NO20004901A priority patent/NO20004901L/no

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0062—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
    • B05B11/007—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed being opened by deformation of a sealing element made of resiliently deformable material, e.g. flaps, skirts, duck-bill valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/02—Inhalators with activated or ionised fluids, e.g. electrohydrodynamic [EHD] or electrostatic devices; Ozone-inhalators with radioactive tagged particles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/08—Inhaling devices inserted into the nose
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0062—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
    • B05B11/0072—A valve member forming part of an outlet opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/16—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B5/1691—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person or with a container fixed to the discharge device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spray device adapted to provide multiple, unit doses of a fluid, the device comprising an elastomeric, self-sealing valve which achieves a clean stop-start flow of the fluid at low fluid volumes. More particularly, the invention relates to a device delivering unit volumes in the range from about 1 to about 100 ⁇ l.
  • a nasal spray device Treatment of maladies affecting the nasal region, such as hay fever or congestion due to colds, has long been effected by means of a nasal spray device. More recently it has been recognised that the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity can be used as a convenient delivery site for drugs targeted at other areas of the body. See for example WO 92/11049 which discloses a pen shaped device for nasal administration of, particularly, insulin. A spray form is often convenient for such treatments. Treatment of the eyes can also conveniently be effected by a spray device. Preferred volume doses for such applications are generally low, down to less than 10 ⁇ l. Typically, repeat dosing will be required in order to make a treatment fully effective. Achieving clean stop-start flow from spray devices delivering such low volumes can be difficult. Typical problems encountered include residual weeping from a valve after application, with the potential for back contamination, and valve clogging.
  • an elastomeric valve particularly a slit valve, provides clean stop-start flow without clogging, even if the sprayed fluid comprises a finely divided particulate solid.
  • a spray device adapted to provide one or more unit doses of a fluid, the or each dose having a volume in the range from about 1 to about 100 ⁇ l, the device comprising an elastomeric, self- sealing valve having a fluid side and a delivery side, the valve opening to allow passage of the fluid when pressure is applied to fluid on the fluid side and sealing when the pressure is removed.
  • the spray device is an electrostatic spray device which charges the spray before entry into the nostrils.
  • the spray device of the invention preferably comprises a fluid reservoir containing a pharmaceutically acceptable fluid, the fluid comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable treatment agent selected from medicaments, flavours, salts, surfactants and mixtures thereof.
  • the fluid optionally comprises other adjuvants dissolved or dispersed within it.
  • the fluid can be aqueous or non-aqueous. Suitable aqueous fluids include water and mixtures of water with water-miscible solvents such as glycerol, propylene glycol, or alcohols such as ethanol or isopropyl alcohol.
  • Aqueous emulsions can also be used, either water-in-oil or oil-in water emulsions.
  • the fluid is an aqueous solution, dispersion or oil-in-water emulsion.
  • Suitable non-aqueous fluids comprise polyethylene glycols, glycerol, propylene glycol, dimethyl isosorbide, silicone oils, ketones, ethers and mixtures thereof.
  • the invention has particular application to low resistivity fluids, especially those having a bulk resistivity of less than 1 x 10 8 ohm. cm, preferably those having a resistivity of less than 1 x 10 4 ohm.cm, more preferably less than 1 x 10 3 ohm. cm.
  • the fluid may comprise a resistivity modifier, such as a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, in order to bring the bulk resistivity within the required range.
  • the fluid is preferably a pharmaceutically acceptable intranasal carrier.
  • the nasal composition is isotonic, i.e., it has the same osmotic pressure as blood and lacrimal fluid.
  • the desired isotonicity of the compositions of this invention may be accomplished using, for example, the sodium chloride already present, or other pharmaceutically-acceptable agents such as dextrose, boric acid, citric acid, sodium tartrate, sodium citrate, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, propylene glycol or other inorganic or organic solutes.
  • Sodium chloride is preferred particularly for buffers containing sodium ions. Further examples of sodium chloride equivalents are disclosed in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences pp. 1491-1497 (Alfonso Gennaro 18th ed. 1990), which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • the fluid can comprise a wide range of medicaments.
  • medicament is meant a drug or other substance intended to have a therapeutic effect on the body. Suitable levels of the medicament are from 0.001 to 20%, preferably from 0.01 to 5%, more preferably from 0.1 to 5%. It will be appreciated that the levels of specific medicaments will depend on many factors including their potency, safety profile, solubility / ease of dispersion and intended effect.
  • the medicament when used, can be one which is intended to have an effect at the site of application, such as a decongestant, antihistamine or anti-inflammatory drug, or it may be intended for systemic absorption such as an anti-viral, anti-depressant, anti-emetic, anti-pyretic medicament or a hormone or such-like.
  • the medicament can be soluble in the fluid or can be an insoluble, finely divided particulate liquid or solid dispersed within the fluid.
  • Suitable decongestants include oxymetazoline, tramazoline, xylometazoline, naph- azoline, tetrahydrazoline, pseudoephedrine, ephedrine, phenylephrine, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, such as the hydrochlorides, and mixtures thereof.
  • Preferred decongestants are selected from oxymetazoline, xylometazoline, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and mixtures thereof.
  • oxymetazoline hydrochloride which is soluble in water.
  • the decongestant is preferably present at a concentration of from about 0.01% to about 3.0%, more preferably from about 0.01% to about 1%.
  • Antihistamines useful to the present invention include, but are not limited to, fast- acting, histamine H-l receptor antagonists.
  • H-l receptor antihistamines may be selected from among the following groups of antihistamines: alkylamines, ethanol- amines, ethylenediamines, piperazines, phenothiazines, piperidines.
  • Examples of useful fast acting antihistamines include acrivastine, carbinoxamine, diphenhydramine, chloropheniramine, brompheniramine, dexchloropheniramine, doxylamine, clemastine, promethazine, trimeprazine, methdilazine, hydroxyzine, pyrilamine, tripelennamine, meclizine, triprolidine, azatadine, cyproheptadine, rocastine, phenindamine or pharmaceutically acceptable salts and mixtures thereof.
  • antihistamines include terfenadine, azelastine, cetirizine, astemizole, ebastine, ketotifen, lodoxamide, loratadine, levocabastine, mequitazine, oxatomide, setastine, tazifylline, temelastine or pharmaceutically acceptable salts and mixtures thereof.
  • the antihistamine component is preferably present at a concentration of from about 0.01% to about 3.0%, more preferably from about 0.01% to about 1%.
  • the medicament can also be an anti-inflammatory agent such as a corticosteroid.
  • an anti-inflammatory agent such as a corticosteroid.
  • Particularly preferred agents within this class are glucocorticoids selected from the group consisting of beclomethasone, flunisolide, fluticasone, memetasone, budesonide, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and mixtures thereof.
  • the anti-inflammatory agent is preferably present at a concentration of from about 0.001% to about 0.1%, more preferably from about 0.01% to about 0.1%.
  • xanthine derivatives such as caffeine and methylxanthine and the like; antiallergics; mucolytics; anticholinergics; non-opiate analgesics such as acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, etodolac, fenbuprofen, fenoprofen, ketorolac, flurbiprofen, indomethacin, ketoprofen, naproxen, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and mixtures thereof; opiate analgesics such as butorphanol; leukotriene receptor antagonists; mast cell stabilisers such as cromolyn sodium, nedocromil and lodoxamide; and lipoxygenase inhibiting compounds.
  • suitable medicaments can be found in WO97/46243, EP-A-780127, US-A-5, 124,315, US-A-5,622,724, US-A-5,656,255 and
  • flavouring and/or aromatic components can be used in the fluids of the invention.
  • these include, for example, menthol, camphor, eucalyptol, benzaldehyde (cherry, almond); citral (lemon, lime); neral; decanal (orange, lemon); aldehyde C-8, aldehyde C-9 and aldehyde C-12 (citrus fruits); tolyl aldehyde (cherry, almond); 2,6-dimethyl-octanal (green fruit); 2-dodecenal (citrus, mandarin); and herbal components such as thyme, rosemary and sage oils.
  • Additional aromatic components suitable for use in the present invention include those described in U.S. Patent 4.136.163 to Watson et al., U.S. Patent 4.459.425 to Amano et al., and U.S. Patent 4.230.688 to Rowsell et al.; all of which are herein incorporated by reference. Mixtures of these aromatics can also be used.
  • Surfactants include those described in U.S. Patent 4.136.163 to Watson et al., U.S. Patent 4.459.425 to Amano et al., and U.S. Patent 4.230.688 to Rowsell et al.; all of which are herein incorporated by reference. Mixtures of these aromatics can also be used.
  • the fluid can also comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable surfactants.
  • surfactants can be useful for dispersing or emulsifying medicaments or flavours, for enhancing absorption across the nasal membrane or as treatment agents in their own right, such as for softening earwax.
  • the surfactants can be anionic, nonionic, cationic or amphoteric, preferably they are nonionic.
  • Typical nonionic surfactants useful herein include: polyoxyethylene derivatives of fatty acid partial esters of sorbitol anhydrides such as polysorbate 80; polyoxyethylene derivatives of fatty acids such as polyoxyethylene 50 stearate, as well as oxyethylated tertiary octyl phenol formaldehyde polymer (available from Sterling Organics as Tyloxapol) or mixtures thereof.
  • the usual concentration is from 0.1% to 3% by weight.
  • the fluid can also comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the salt can mineral salts such as e.g. sodium chloride, or salts of organic acids such as sodium citrate.
  • the fluid can further comprise other ingredients such as thickeners, humectants, suspending aids, encapsulating aids, chelating agents and preservatives.
  • the viscosity of the compositions may be maintained at a selected level using a pharmaceutically-acceptable thickening agent.
  • suitable thickening agents include, for example, xanthan gum, methyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, chitosan, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxyvinyl polymer, carbomer, and the like or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Mixtures of such thickening agents may also be used.
  • the preferred concentration of the thickener will depend upon the agent selected. The important point is to use an amount which will achieve the selected viscosity. Viscous compositions are normally prepared from solutions by the addition of such thickening agents.
  • Fluids useful in the present invention can also comprise from about 0.01% to about 5% of a humectant to inhibit drying of the mucous membrane and to prevent irritation.
  • a humectant to inhibit drying of the mucous membrane and to prevent irritation.
  • Any of a variety of pharmaceutically-acceptable humectants can be employed including, for example sorbitol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol or mixtures thereof.
  • the concentration will vary with the selected agent, although the presence or absence of these agents, or their concentration is not an essential feature of the invention.
  • a pharmaceutically-acceptable preservative is generally employed to increase the shelf life of the compositions of the present invention.
  • preservatives including, for example, benzyl alcohol, parabens, phenylethyl alcohol, thimerosal, chlorobutanol, chlorhexidine gluconate, or benzalkonium chloride can be employed.
  • the most preferred preservative system for use herein comprises a combination of benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine gluconate and disodium EDTA as a chelating agent.
  • a suitable concentration of the preservative will be from 0.001% to 2% based on the total weight, although there may be appreciable variation depending upon the agent selected.
  • the spray device will generally comprise a means for controlling the dosage of the dispensed fluid. This can be as simple as an on-off switch which allows the user to control the dosage according to his or her needs.
  • the spray device is adapted to provide one or more unit fluid doses, preferably multiple fluid doses, each with a volume in the range of from about 1 to about 100 ⁇ l, preferably from about 1 to about 20, more preferably from about 5 to about 15 ⁇ l.
  • the dose volume is preferably pre-set but it can also be adjusted by the user to a desired volume.
  • the device suitably comprises a reservoir for holding the fluid and a dosing means for selectively delivering a unit dose from the reservoir to the spray generator.
  • the dosing means can be, for example, a metered valve or a syringe pump.
  • the device is preferably adapted to produce a spray having a fluid ligament, the ligament extending from the nosepiece and having a nosepiece end and a delivery end, the spray further comprising a spray cone diverging from the delivery end of the ligament.
  • nosepiece end is meant the point at which a plane (hereinafter the nosepiece plane) drawn perpendicular to the axis of the ligament and just touching the exterior of the nosepiece would intersect the centre of the ligament.
  • the ligament preferably has a length of from about 1 to about 20 mm, more preferably from about 1 to about 10 mm, yet more preferably from about 2 to about 8 mm, and especially from about 3 to about 6mm from the nosepiece end to the delivery end.
  • the spray cone has a cone angle of from about 10 to about 90°, preferably 20 to about 50°, more preferably from about 30 to about 40°.
  • the length of the ligament and the spray cone angle can be adjusted by varying the viscosity or surface tension of the fluid, by varying the fluid flow rate or exit velocity, or by varying the electrical field strength through applied voltage, potential gradient or by use of a field intensifying electrode.
  • the total length of the ligament can be, and preferably is, longer than the length from the nosepiece end to the delivery end since the ligament preferably originates from a point on the device side of the nosepiece plane, such as from an elastomeric, self- sealing valve as disclosed herein, and passes through a passage in the nosepiece.
  • the distance from the point of origin of the ligament to the nosepiece plane is in the range from about 2 mm to about 15 mm, preferably from about 3 to about 10 mm and more preferably from about 5 to about 9 mm.
  • the nosepiece can be employed as a field intensifier which helps to control the ligament length.
  • the nosepiece is preferably a non-conducting material such as a plastic which can be e.g. polypropylene but is preferably a soft thermoplastic elastomer which provides for greater comfort if held against the nose. Elastomers described herein for the self-sealing valve are also suitable for the nosepiece.
  • Electrostatic devices suitable for ligament mode spraying are described in WO 96/40441, in EP-A-501,725 and in co-pending application PCT/GB97/02746.
  • the present device is a device according to embodiments of EP-A-501,725 or PCT/GB97/02746 in which a jet is created by mechanical means and an applied high voltage leads to the jet or ligament breaking up into a spray cone.
  • the jet can be generated by, for example, a syringe pump.
  • Suitable jet velocities are from about 0.5 to about 8, preferably from about 1 to about 3 ms *1 .
  • a suitable high voltage is in the range from about 1 kV up to about 15 kV, preferably from about 2kV to about lOkV and more preferably from about 2kV to about 5kV.
  • the voltage can conveniently be applied, even within the constraints of a small handheld device, from a low voltage (1.5V is sufficient) battery coupled to a step-up transformer.
  • the battery is preferably of the long-life type and can be rechargeable. If a metal syringe pump is used, the voltage can be applied to the fluid through the pump which is preferably encased in an insulating plastic housing. Alternatively, the fluid can be charged by an electrode inserted into the fluid.
  • the generator can be activated by the user by means of an external switch which can also be used to mechanically prime the pump.
  • the switch includes a metal portion by means of which the user completes an earth return path to the high voltage circuit.
  • a suitable arrangement for the overall device construction is described in PCT/GB97/02746. In this way the user does not acquire a net charge. Alternate arrangements, whereby an alternating voltage is applied, can also be used to prevent charge build-up.
  • the device is activated to deliver the spray.
  • the ligament of the spray extends through the nostril opening, into the vestibule and preferably to within a short distance of the nasal valve opening, before breaking up to form the spray cone.
  • the device can be constructed simultaneously to dispense two sprays, directed to each of two nostrils.
  • the two sprays can be generated from two separate dosing means or can be provided from a single source such as by using a ⁇ ' shaped valve to split a single jet into two.
  • the device comprises an elastomeric, self-sealing exit valve having a fluid side and a delivery side, the valve opening to allow passage of the fluid when pressure is applied to fluid on the fluid side and sealing when the pressure is removed.
  • exit valve is meant that the elastomeric valve is the final dispensing valve and that there are no other elements of the device which mechanically, restrict or modify the flow of the fluid on the downstream side of the valve.
  • the valve is a slit valve.
  • the valve can comprise a single slit or tow or more intersecting slits, to form a cross shape for example.
  • the valve comprises a single slit.
  • the valve can be flat it is preferably dome-shaped by which is meant a non-planar valve having a recess such as with a hemispherical or frustoconical dome.
  • the valve is essentially in the form of a hemispherical dome having a flange along its perimeter so that a collar can be fitted to retain the valve in the device.
  • the diameter of the valve, including the flange is typically from about 2 to about 6 mm with the dome portion having a diameter of from about 1 to about 4 mm, typically about 2.5mm and a thickness from inside to out of from about 0.5 to about 1.5 mm, suitably about 1 mm.
  • the valve need not be of uniform thickness.
  • the valve dome's exterior surface is hemispherical whereas the internal surface is formed with a small flat at the top of the dome where the slit is formed.
  • Suitable slit widths are from about 50 to about 400 ⁇ m, preferably from about 150 to about 250 ⁇ m. It is to be understood that the slit width refers to the longest dimension of the slit when first created.
  • the term "elastomer” herein refers to a material which is both elastically compressible and elastically extensible. A wide range of elastomers can be used, including but not limited to polyurethanes; chloroprene, butyl, butadiene and styrene-butadiene rubbers, and silicone elastomers such as 2 part room temperature vulcanising (RTV) silicones. Preferred for use herein are the 2 part silicone RTVs.
  • Suitable silicone RTVs are available under the trademark NuSil and have a hardness of from about 30 to about 80 Shore A, preferably from about 40 to about 70 Shore A.
  • the elastomers can optionally be mixed with a suitable plasticiser or foaming agent to make them more compressible.
  • the elastomer may also have other materials dispersed within it in order to modify the its properties, such as its conductivity. If elastomers of low tear strength are employed, the slit width may grow if the slit is held open for a prolonged period of time.
  • the slit valve can be formed by piercing an injection moulded elastomeric seal, of the same dimensions and shape as the intended valve, with a pin having a sha ⁇ ened tip.
  • the slit width is roughly proportional to the pin width.
  • the pin can be a flat blade or can have a polygonal or round cross-section.
  • the pin preferably has a polygonal or, especially, a round cross-section. It has been found that sharp-edged pins create a cut which behaves in use as a flap rather than a hole. This can lead to a jet which is not straight or even to the creation of two or more jets which may lead to unreliable or unpredictable spraying.
  • Suitable pin diameters are from about 100 to 350, more preferably from 150 to 250 ⁇ m in diameter. When silicone elastomers are used it is preferred that the piercing pin is withdrawn rapidly after forming the slit to avoid undesired slit growth.
  • the valve opens when pressure is applied to fluid on the fluid side and seals when the pressure is removed.
  • pressure can be applied to the fluid by of a dosing means such as a syringe pump.
  • the applied pressure is suitably in the range from about 200 to about 5000 mbar (20 to 500 kPa), preferably from about 500 to about 3000 mbar (50 to 300 kPa).
  • the flow rate through the valve is generally proportional to the pressure applied and is suitably in the range from about 5 to about 50, more preferably from about 5 to about 30 ⁇ ls "1 .
  • a straight fluid ligament with an exit velocity of from about 0.5 to about 8 preferably from about 1 to about 3 ms "1 is obtained.
  • the diameter of the issuing ligament is partly determined by the flow rate and is generally less than the width of the slit valve. Depending on the flow rate, ligament diameters of less than 50 ⁇ m can be achieved, even when a valve slit width of 200 ⁇ m is employed. The ligament diameter strongly influences the particle size of the 10
  • the particle size being broadly similar to the ligament diameter. It is a feature of the ligament mode electrostatic spraying herein that a tightly distributed, almost mono-disperse spray is obtained. It is thus possible to achieve a spray with a median droplet size of from 20 to about 80, preferably from about 30 to about 70 ⁇ m, more preferably from about 40 to about 60 ⁇ m, the particle size distribution generally having a standard deviation of less than 5, typically less than 2 ⁇ m, and preferably less than 1 ⁇ m. It is commonly understood that, for nasal spraying, a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less is desirable so that the particles are not carried ' through into the lungs. It is believed, however, that having an electrostatic charge on the spray particles makes them much less likely to be carried beyond the nose since the charged particles tend to find an earthed surface rather quickly.
  • the clean stop performance of the tip valve can be further improved by introducing a pressure relief feature behind the valve. This would take the form of a by-pass to the fluid reservoir so that any residual fluid pressurised by relaxation of the elastomer would return to a reservoir rather than dripping from the valve exit.
  • valves can be used in tandem to achieve higher volume throughputs whilst retaining the advantageously small spray particle sizes.
  • the seals from which the valves are made can conveniently be manufactured by a conventional injection moulding process.
  • the spray device herein is suitable for spraying into a bodily cavity, particularly into the nose, mouth or ears of a human.
  • the low volume and gentle spray also make it suitable for e.g. ophthalmic spraying.
  • the device is a nasal spray device.
  • a preferred method of administering a fluid to the nasal cavity from the spray device comprises spraying the fluid into the nasal cavity without substantial penetration of the device into the nostrils.
  • without substantial penetration into the nostrils herein is meant that there is no insertion of a nozzle or such-like into the nasal vestibule.
  • the nosepiece of the device is preferably placed in contact with the nostril opening to obtain the full benefit of the field intensifying effect described herein in relation to the nosepiece. If pressure is applied by the user, for certainty of contact or to assist in orientation there may be some flaring of the nostril or overlap with the septum cartilage but nevertheless the nosepiece will not be completely surrounded by the nostril. 11
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional view through a human nose.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a spray device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a greatly simplified sectional view of the spray device of Figure 2 showing the relationship of the elastomeric nozzle to the nosepiece and dosing means.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic part section showing a spray issuing from a device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a enlarged sectional view of an elastomeric exit valve according to the invention.
  • the nose comprises a nasal cavity 1 in which are located the turbinates 2, convoluted finger-like structures covered with epithelium and which are susceptible to inflammation.
  • the exterior opening to the nasal cavity is through two nostrils 3. Since the turbinates are located in the posterior part of the nasal cavity it has generally been difficult to spray them effectively without inserting a spray device into the nostrils.
  • a spray device 4 fitted with a soft elastomeric nosepiece 5 which is designed to fit against a user's nostril opening without being inserted into the nostril.
  • the nosepiece is provided with a passage 6 which connects to a syringe pump 7, the interior detail of which is not shown, which is used to generate the ligament of the spray through elastomeric exit valve 8.
  • the insulating casing 9 of the device further encloses (not shown) a replaceable fluid reservoir, battery, transformer and electronic circuitry for supplying a high voltage from the transformer to the fluid.
  • the device is supplied with an actuating mechanism 10 which mechanically primes the pump and triggers its release to deliver a pre-set unit dose of the fluid.
  • the actuating mechanism includes a metal portion to provide an earth return from the user to the high voltage circuitry.
  • a spray comprises ligament 1 1 and spray cone 12 having a cone angle ⁇ .
  • the cone angle can be measured by spraying from a fixed distance onto disclosing paper and then measuring the diameter of the spray pattern or by direct viewing of the spray using high speed video photography with back lighting.
  • the ligament has a delivery end 13 where the ligament breaks up into the spray cone and a nosepiece end 14 defined as the point where plane A-A intersects 12
  • Plane A-A is drawn pe ⁇ endicular to the axis of the ligament, just touching the tip of nosepiece 5.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an elastomeric exit valve 8 according to the invention.
  • the nozzle which is circularly symmetrical, comprises a flange 15 for securing the nozzle to the spray device, a domed head 16, a recess 17 and a slit 18 extending from the recess to the top of the dome.
  • the nozzle is formed by injection moulding a seal of essentially the same construction and then piercing the dome with a sha ⁇ ened pin, of round cross-section and 200 ⁇ m diameter, from the inside of the recess.
  • a fluid of the present invention is prepared by combining the following components utilising conventional mixing techniques similar to that described below.
  • the above listed ingredients are added one at a time to water with mixing, allowing each to dissolve before adding the next. After all the ingredients have been added, purified water is used to bring the batch to the appropriate weight.
  • the solution has a bulk resistivity of 120 ohm. cm.
  • the device further comprises an elastomeric valve as shown in Fig. 5, the valve being held in place by a screw collar clamping the flange.
  • the nosepiece of the device is held against the nostril and the device directed such that the spray ligament will enter the nostril.
  • the syringe pump builds pressure behind the valve to about 100 kPa (1000 mbar), opening the slit valve to a width of about 50 ⁇ m and dispensing 8 ⁇ l of the solution over a period of about 1 second.
  • the valve closes completely, preventing further fluid egress and contamination of the fluid in the reservoir.
  • the dispensed fluid provides relief from nasal decongestion without causing noticeable wetness either on or inside the nose.
  • the low dose volume and gentle delivery have the result that the user does not sense any appreciable physical impact from the spray.
  • Example II A further fluid is prepared by combining the following components utilising conventional mixing techniques similar to that described in Example I.
  • Intranasal spray administration in the manner of Example I, of approximately 10 ⁇ l of the fluid composition is used to provide relief from allergy or allergy-like symptoms.
  • Example III A fluid of the present invention is prepared by combining the following components utilising conventional mixing techniques similar to that described in Example I. 14
  • Component Wt % beclomethasone diproprionate, monohydrate 0.042 chlo ⁇ heniramine 0.500
  • Intranasal spray administration in the manner of Example I, of approximately 10 ⁇ l of the fluid composition is used to provide relief from allergy or allergy-like symptoms.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un dispositif de pulvérisation conçu pour fournir des doses multiples et unitaires d'un fluide, chaque dose ayant un volume compris entre environ 1 et environ 100 νl, le dispositif comprenant une soupape élastomère auto-étanche possédant un côté pour les fluides et un côté pour la distribution. La soupape s'ouvre pour permettre le passage du fluide lorsqu'une pression est exercée sur le fluide du côté pour les fluides et se renferme étanche lorsque la pression retombe. La soupape permet d'assurer un écoulement régulier du fluide entre la marche et l'arrêt, avec de faibles volumes de fluide. Le dispositif convient particulièrement bien à des applications médicales telles que la pulvérisation nasale.
PCT/IB1999/000474 1998-03-31 1999-03-22 Pulverisateur nasal muni d'une soupape elastomere WO1999049984A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000540942A JP2002509797A (ja) 1998-03-31 1999-03-22 エラストマー弁を備えた鼻腔スプレー装置
HU0101096A HUP0101096A3 (en) 1998-03-31 1999-03-22 Elektrostatic nasal spray device
AU27414/99A AU751624B2 (en) 1998-03-31 1999-03-22 Nasal spray device with elastomeric valve
BR9909269-7A BR9909269A (pt) 1998-03-31 1999-03-22 Dispositivo atomizador nasal com válvula elastomérica
CA002325043A CA2325043A1 (fr) 1998-03-31 1999-03-22 Pulverisateur nasal muni d'une soupape elastomere
EP99907787A EP1087841A1 (fr) 1998-03-31 1999-03-22 Pulverisateur nasal muni d'une soupape elastomere
NO20004901A NO20004901L (no) 1998-03-31 2000-09-29 Nesesprayanordning med elastomerventil

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9806937.0 1998-03-31
GBGB9806937.0A GB9806937D0 (en) 1998-03-31 1998-03-31 A spray device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999049984A1 true WO1999049984A1 (fr) 1999-10-07

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ID=10829642

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB1999/000474 WO1999049984A1 (fr) 1998-03-31 1999-03-22 Pulverisateur nasal muni d'une soupape elastomere

Country Status (16)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1087841A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002509797A (fr)
KR (1) KR100463692B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1134308C (fr)
AU (1) AU751624B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9909269A (fr)
CA (1) CA2325043A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ20003511A3 (fr)
EG (1) EG21747A (fr)
GB (1) GB9806937D0 (fr)
HU (1) HUP0101096A3 (fr)
ID (1) ID26014A (fr)
NO (1) NO20004901L (fr)
PE (1) PE20000575A1 (fr)
TR (1) TR200002807T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999049984A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001010409A1 (fr) * 1999-08-07 2001-02-15 Glaxo Wellcome Kabushiki Kaisha Formulation nasale aqueuse
WO2002000282A1 (fr) * 2000-06-26 2002-01-03 Giorgio Mezzoli Soupape de distribution pour pulverisation nasale
EP1374883A1 (fr) * 2002-06-21 2004-01-02 Roland. Dr. Lingg Spray nasal contenant un extrait de plante pour le traitement de l'herpès zoster, d' hématome, de mastitis et de faiblesse cardiovasculaire
WO2004108197A1 (fr) * 2003-06-10 2004-12-16 Glaxo Group Limited Ajutage
US6907879B2 (en) 2002-02-04 2005-06-21 Ndt Agent delivery and aspiration device
WO2005087615A1 (fr) * 2004-03-11 2005-09-22 Glaxo Group Limited Distributeur de liquide
GB2435835A (en) * 2006-03-06 2007-09-12 Optinose As Nosepiece for nasal delivery device
US8062264B2 (en) 2005-04-09 2011-11-22 Glaxo Group Limited Fluid dispensing device
US8347879B2 (en) 2002-05-09 2013-01-08 Glaxo Group Limited Fluid dispensing device
US8752543B2 (en) 2003-11-03 2014-06-17 Glaxo Group Limited Fluid dispensing device
EP3692837A1 (fr) * 2019-02-07 2020-08-12 Nerudia Limited Article de distribution de saveur, appareil de substitution du tabac et dispositif de substitution du tabac
EP2136865B1 (fr) 2007-04-05 2020-09-09 Optinose AS Administration nasale

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006087815A (ja) * 2004-09-27 2006-04-06 Canon Inc 噴霧方法および該方法に基づく噴霧装置
JP5338077B2 (ja) * 2008-01-22 2013-11-13 ダイキン工業株式会社 静電噴霧装置
JP5470890B2 (ja) * 2009-02-13 2014-04-16 ダイキン工業株式会社 設置式の静電噴霧装置
CN103747825B (zh) * 2011-05-16 2016-02-17 技术合伙公司 剂量容器

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US5124315A (en) 1989-11-16 1992-06-23 Phideatech S.R.L. Liquid pharmaceutical composition for nasal administration containing a polypeptide as active ingredient
WO1992011049A1 (fr) 1990-12-21 1992-07-09 Novo Nordisk A/S Dispositif en forme de crayon destine a l'administration par voie nasale de doses d'un medicament liquide
EP0501725A1 (fr) * 1991-03-01 1992-09-02 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Pulvérisation de liquides
GB2273872A (en) * 1992-12-22 1994-07-06 Unilever Plc A method of treating skin
US5511538A (en) * 1990-07-12 1996-04-30 Habley Medical Technology Corporation Super atomizing nonchlorinated fluorocarbon medication inhaler
US5622724A (en) 1989-02-02 1997-04-22 Kappa Pharmaceuticals Limited Spray preparation for treating symptoms of the common cold containing unchelated ionic zinc compounds
EP0780127A1 (fr) 1995-12-19 1997-06-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Pulvérisateur nasale contenant un stéréoide et un antihistamine
US5656255A (en) 1992-01-03 1997-08-12 Pharmacia & Upjohn Ab Composition to help stop smoking
US5705490A (en) 1990-11-01 1998-01-06 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Polysubstituted benzimidazoles as antiviral agents
WO1998030334A1 (fr) * 1997-01-06 1998-07-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Ajutages generant des jets en eventail et a extremites elastomeres renflees

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US5622724A (en) 1989-02-02 1997-04-22 Kappa Pharmaceuticals Limited Spray preparation for treating symptoms of the common cold containing unchelated ionic zinc compounds
US5124315A (en) 1989-11-16 1992-06-23 Phideatech S.R.L. Liquid pharmaceutical composition for nasal administration containing a polypeptide as active ingredient
US5511538A (en) * 1990-07-12 1996-04-30 Habley Medical Technology Corporation Super atomizing nonchlorinated fluorocarbon medication inhaler
US5705490A (en) 1990-11-01 1998-01-06 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Polysubstituted benzimidazoles as antiviral agents
WO1992011049A1 (fr) 1990-12-21 1992-07-09 Novo Nordisk A/S Dispositif en forme de crayon destine a l'administration par voie nasale de doses d'un medicament liquide
EP0501725A1 (fr) * 1991-03-01 1992-09-02 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Pulvérisation de liquides
US5656255A (en) 1992-01-03 1997-08-12 Pharmacia & Upjohn Ab Composition to help stop smoking
GB2273872A (en) * 1992-12-22 1994-07-06 Unilever Plc A method of treating skin
EP0780127A1 (fr) 1995-12-19 1997-06-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Pulvérisateur nasale contenant un stéréoide et un antihistamine
WO1998030334A1 (fr) * 1997-01-06 1998-07-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Ajutages generant des jets en eventail et a extremites elastomeres renflees

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6780398B1 (en) 1999-08-07 2004-08-24 Glaxo Smithkline Kabushiki Kaisha Aqueous nasal formulation
WO2001010409A1 (fr) * 1999-08-07 2001-02-15 Glaxo Wellcome Kabushiki Kaisha Formulation nasale aqueuse
WO2002000282A1 (fr) * 2000-06-26 2002-01-03 Giorgio Mezzoli Soupape de distribution pour pulverisation nasale
US6701916B2 (en) 2000-06-26 2004-03-09 Giorgio Mezzoli Distribution valve for nasal spray
US6907879B2 (en) 2002-02-04 2005-06-21 Ndt Agent delivery and aspiration device
US8347879B2 (en) 2002-05-09 2013-01-08 Glaxo Group Limited Fluid dispensing device
EP1374883A1 (fr) * 2002-06-21 2004-01-02 Roland. Dr. Lingg Spray nasal contenant un extrait de plante pour le traitement de l'herpès zoster, d' hématome, de mastitis et de faiblesse cardiovasculaire
WO2004108197A1 (fr) * 2003-06-10 2004-12-16 Glaxo Group Limited Ajutage
US9320862B2 (en) 2003-11-03 2016-04-26 Glaxo Group Limited Fluid dispensing device
US8752543B2 (en) 2003-11-03 2014-06-17 Glaxo Group Limited Fluid dispensing device
NO338929B1 (no) * 2004-03-11 2016-10-31 Glaxo Group Ltd Fluiddispenseringsanordning
WO2005087615A1 (fr) * 2004-03-11 2005-09-22 Glaxo Group Limited Distributeur de liquide
US8147461B2 (en) 2004-03-11 2012-04-03 Glaxo Group Limited Fluid dispensing device
US8062264B2 (en) 2005-04-09 2011-11-22 Glaxo Group Limited Fluid dispensing device
GB2435835A (en) * 2006-03-06 2007-09-12 Optinose As Nosepiece for nasal delivery device
US8550073B2 (en) 2006-03-06 2013-10-08 Optinose As Nasal delivery
WO2007102089A2 (fr) 2006-03-06 2007-09-13 Optinose As Distributeur nasal
GB2435835B (en) * 2006-03-06 2011-04-20 Optinose As Nasal delivery
WO2007102089A3 (fr) * 2006-03-06 2008-07-03 Optinose As Distributeur nasal
US10124132B2 (en) 2006-03-06 2018-11-13 Optinose As Nasal delivery
EP2136865B1 (fr) 2007-04-05 2020-09-09 Optinose AS Administration nasale
EP2136865B2 (fr) † 2007-04-05 2023-05-10 Optinose, Inc. Administration nasale
EP3692837A1 (fr) * 2019-02-07 2020-08-12 Nerudia Limited Article de distribution de saveur, appareil de substitution du tabac et dispositif de substitution du tabac
WO2020161302A1 (fr) * 2019-02-07 2020-08-13 Nerudia Limited Article de distribution d'arôme, appareil à fumer de substitution et dispositif à fumer de substitution

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2325043A1 (fr) 1999-10-07
JP2002509797A (ja) 2002-04-02
EG21747A (en) 2002-02-27
EP1087841A1 (fr) 2001-04-04
AU2741499A (en) 1999-10-18
CZ20003511A3 (cs) 2001-12-12
NO20004901L (no) 2000-11-29
ID26014A (id) 2000-11-16
AU751624B2 (en) 2002-08-22
HUP0101096A2 (hu) 2001-07-30
TR200002807T2 (tr) 2001-02-21
HUP0101096A3 (en) 2001-12-28
CN1295502A (zh) 2001-05-16
PE20000575A1 (es) 2000-08-16
BR9909269A (pt) 2001-09-04
NO20004901D0 (no) 2000-09-29
GB9806937D0 (en) 1998-05-27
KR20010042276A (ko) 2001-05-25
KR100463692B1 (ko) 2004-12-29
CN1134308C (zh) 2004-01-14

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