WO1999042723A1

WO1999042723A1 - Technologies on vertical axis windmill effectively utilizing wind force energy by rotating its blades

Info

Publication number: WO1999042723A1
Application number: PCT/JP1999/000527
Authority: WO
Inventors: Takahiko Yoshino
Original assignee: Takahiko Yoshino
Priority date: 1998-02-19
Filing date: 1999-02-08
Publication date: 1999-08-26
Also published as: AU2187399A; JPH11236870A

Abstract

Technologies which use a vertical axis windmill effectively utilizing wind force energy by rotating its blades as a convenient and highly efficient windmill with extensive scope of application, wherein the wind direction response mechanism of blades which does not need a wind direction follow-up by a windmill main body and is high in responsiveness is structured so that it converts a directional change of a wind direction supporting tail unit into the directional change of the blades. The mechanism is incorporated in a blade supporting arm to protect it and simplify the windmill and disposed distributedly to each blade for compactness, and windmill functions are expanded so that they can meet the requirements for increased revolution speed of the windmill. In addition, deviated optimum settings of blade directions provide those technologies which increase the performance and scope of application of the windmill such as a speed control method to reduce torque and a blade direction resetting method.

Description

Technical description of a vertical axis wind turbine that makes use of wind energy by rotating blades

The present invention is a technique for making “vertical axis wind turbines that effectively use wind energy by rotating blades” more widely available. By using this technology, this windmill can be widely used for wind power generation. Background art

Wind turbines have evolved around horizontal axis wind turbines. Although wind turbines have entered the practical stage, this technology alone was not sufficient in terms of the diversity and adaptability of wind turbines in order to fully expand the use of natural energy.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is the technical element and safety of the applicant's Japanese patent application No. Hei 9-2099591, `` Vertical axis wind turbine that effectively uses wind energy by rotating blades ''. The aim is to establish the applicability and to apply this technology in earnest.

When the wind direction changes, it is necessary to direct the entire mouth of the vertical axis windmill like the horizontal axis windmill to the wind direction or to change only the direction of the blade. In this case, the direction of the blade is changed to adapt to the wind.

In addition, the position of the main bevel gear is separated from the wind turbine main shaft, and the top of the wind turbine main shaft is used. At the same time, the design of the main shaft of the wind turbine and the incorporation of a mechanism to respond to the wind direction of the blade to the blade support arm can be achieved.

Also, by dividing the main bevel gear into four parts and bringing each part near each blade, the blade wind direction response mechanism can be simplified.

A simple way to control the rotation speed of the windmill is to stagger the initial settings of the windmill blades that generate the torque. If the displaced object is returned to its original state, the rotational state will return to its original state. By using this principle, the rotation of the windmill can be adjusted. Also, by making the blades free and parallel to the wind, the receiving pressure area can be minimized and rotation can be stopped.

One way to increase the output of the windmill is to increase the size of the windmill, while the other is to collectively use the windmills. There are various restrictions on ultra-large wind turbines, which increases construction costs. In order to avoid this, wind turbines of an appropriate size will be assembled in a certain space collectively to increase the output and reduce costs. Rotating vertical axis wind turbines are suitable for combinations of multiple wind turbines. Disclosure of the invention

When the wind direction indicator tail is attached to the main bevel gear, the wind direction is specified, and the bevel gear stops at that state. Therefore, the posture of each blade is set to the optimum state for generating the rotational force. This is the default setting for the blade. With this, the rotational force acts to start the windmill. During the rotation in the same wind direction, the optimal initial state of the blade is maintained.

When the wind direction changes, the wind direction indicator tail specifies the new wind direction, so the main bevel gear rotates by that amount, and each blade rotates to correspond to the new wind direction. The relationship between the new wind direction and the blade attitude is the same as the initial setting. Therefore, even if the wind direction changes, the rotation of the windmill is maintained as it is. When the main bevel gear rotates, it also has the effect of rotating the wind turbine rotor, but if the rotary inertia of the wind turbine rotor is made much larger than that of the blades, there is almost no effect on the rotation of the wind turbine. A change in wind direction appears only as a change in blade attitude. The blades are symmetrical, lightweight, and rotate at half the speed of a windmill, so the torque required to rotate them is small. This mechanism is designed to reduce the blade torque. Therefore, the blade wind direction response mechanism can transmit motion using small gears. However, if the main bevel gear is installed on the wind turbine main shaft, the gear cannot be downsized due to the restriction of the main shaft diameter. Therefore, if the main bevel gear is installed on the windmill main shaft, the restriction is eliminated and the size can be reduced. And the response performance of the wind turbine blades to the wind is also improved. At the same time, the separation of the main bevel gear from the wind turbine main shaft eliminates restrictions on the main shaft design and makes the design smoother.

In addition, a blade wind direction response mechanism is installed separately above the blade rotation axis, and this function is implemented. Can be run. Also in this form, each wind direction designation tail can specify the wind direction and control the attitude of the blade. In this case, each wind direction designated tail is affected by windmill rotation. This is because wind generated in the circumferential direction of the windmill rotation speed is added. This is a crosswind that becomes maximum in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation at the windward and leeward sides of the windmill rotation surface, and becomes zero in the middle. This changes the inclination of the blade with respect to the wind, and corrects the attitude so that the pitch of the blade that cuts off the wind by cross flow is reduced. This acts to increase the rotation speed of the blade. As the wind speed increases, the rotation speed increases, the circumferential speed of the windmill exceeds the wind speed, and a reversal of the wind direction occurs where the wind flow and the circumferential speed of the windmill are parallel. The tails now turn in the opposite direction, and as a result, the blades rotate 90 degrees, at which point the blades that were orthogonal to the wind flow become parallel. In this way, the windmill can rotate at a speed higher than the wind speed.

Each blade arranged on the circumference of the windmill continues to generate rotational force while maintaining the initial setting. The optimal arrangement of the initial blade positions is performed based on the wind direction. If this setting standard deviates from the actual wind direction, the optimal posture of the blade against the wind deviates, so that the torque generated by the wind decreases and the rotation of the windmill decreases. The speed of the wind turbine can be adjusted using this principle. A simple way to shift the initial setting of the blade is to rotate the shaft of the main bevel gear linked to the already set blade below the shaft of the wind direction tail. This is a simple way to remove the optimal initial settings of the blade. The mechanism of proper rotation of the shaft and its restoration is easy to configure and enables continuous wind turbine speed adjustment.

In addition, the rotation function of the windmill is generated because the attitude of the blade is constrained to a reference having a constant wind direction through a gear transmission mechanism. Therefore, if the gears are released, the control of the blades is lost and the function of continuously rotating the windmill is lost. If the unbound blades are parallel to the streamline of the wind, the wind pressure experienced by the windmill will be minimal. If the main bevel gear is removed from the engagement, all the blades will be released from the constraint with one touch. Also, this mechanism is convenient for releasing the blade once, adjusting the direction of each blade, setting the main bevel gear, and completing the blade setting.

When increasing the output of a wind turbine, the size of the wind turbine is increased, but multiple By combining these, it is possible to reduce the cost and increase the output. In particular, in the case of this vertical axis wind turbine, it is easy to form a multi-layer wind turbine. It is easy to install a wind turbine within the framework of multiple support structures for the wind turbine. If the rotation axes of the wind turbines are shared and the blade rotation axes are shared, the multiple stacked wind turbines can be regarded as one wind turbine, and the wind direction response mechanism can be shared. Unless the blade rotation axis is common, separate wind turbines are stacked, and a separate wind direction response mechanism is required. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a front view of a wind direction response mechanism.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a wind direction response mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a blade axis side wind direction response mechanism.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a blade axis wind direction response mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a principle diagram of a speed adjusting mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a principle diagram of the blade free mechanism.

1. wind direction 2. feather

3. Windmill main shaft 4. Main bevel gear

5. Wind direction indicator tail 6. Blade axis

7. Support arm 8. Transmission shaft

9. Transmission bevel gear A 10. Transmission bevel gear B

1 1. Bevel shaft bevel gear 12. Wind direction response mechanism

13. Blade shaft spur gear 14. Tail shaft spur gear

15. Transmission spur gear 16. Tail axle

17. Cylinder 18. Guide

19. Adjustment weight 20. Spring BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

First, the blades are set free, and the blades are optimally set based on the direction of the tail supporting the wind direction. Next, when wind blows from a certain direction, the wind direction indicator wing moves, specifies the wind direction, rotates in conjunction with the bevel gear, and the blade takes the optimal position to catch the wind. The windmill starts and rotates. The function of the blade to respond to the wind direction is very good. Even if the wind direction changes, the blades respond to the wind and the torque of the windmill continues smoothly and the rotation continues. The miniaturized and built-in blade wind direction response mechanism makes it easy to manufacture windmills. In addition, the miniaturized wind direction response mechanism improves the wind direction response performance of the wind turbine blades and improves the wind energy conversion efficiency of the wind turbine. The wind direction response mechanism, which is attached to each blade, is greatly reduced in size and simplicity, and the wind direction response is very good. As a result of individualizing the functions for each blade, the ability of the blades to respond to the wind has expanded, and it has become possible to cope with high-speed rotation of the windmill. This also reduces the cost of manufacturing the windmill.

By changing the blade setting from the optimal setting and adjusting the rotation speed of the wind turbine, the rotation speed is kept constant above a certain wind speed. As a result, a large wind turbine for power generation is used to directly generate AC power and connect it to the grid current for transmission. If there is a possibility that the high-speed rotation may destroy the wind turbine, this mechanism can function as a reduction gear. Also, a multi-layer wind turbine was constructed by using pipes and the like to create a framework that houses the individual wind turbines and supports the wind turbine main shaft, and installs the wind turbines in the framework. The main shafts of overlapping wind turbines are connected and shared. The blade wind direction response mechanism is attached to each wind turbine, but if they are shared, the multiple wind turbines function like a single wind turbine. When such multi-layered and multi-layered wind turbines are juxtaposed, the wind turbine support structure and the wind turbine house are arranged so as to juxtapose the annual prevailing wind flow at the installation site. Industrial applicability

The advantage of this windmill is that even if the wind direction changes, the rotation plane of the windmill remains the same and the rotation continues, so that there is no energy loss. The response to the wind direction is very high, it is light and has the characteristics of an omnidirectional wind turbine that can respond to any wind direction. This always changes the plane of rotation depending on the wind direction, losing energy each time This characteristic is not found in propeller type wind turbines. Therefore, this windmill can respond to winds with large changes, terrain and buildings, such as building winds. What makes this excellent characteristic is the blade wind direction response mechanism.

What further enhances this performance is that this mechanism is mounted on the upper part, compacted and built into the support arm. In addition, this system, which separates and separates this mechanism into each blade, achieves the goal that has been the ultimate goal of wind turbine development in that it has a large torque and starts at a low wind speed, and can respond to low to high speed rotation. are doing. In addition, the provision of a mechanism to control the speed makes this vertical axis wind turbine a practical wind turbine with high applicability in all directions. In addition, the shape and dynamics of the windmill, which softens the rigidity of the windmill and makes it more intimate, are indispensable for the spread of the windmill in the future.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. When the wind direction changes, the blade's wind direction response mechanism changes the direction of the blade only by the change in the wind direction. The windmill is now omnidirectional without the need for the wind turbine to follow the wind direction. A wind direction indicator tail (5) is installed on the main bevel gear (4), which can be rotated without being fixed to the wind turbine or the main shaft of the wind turbine. When the wind direction changes, the direction of the wind direction indicator tail changes, the main bevel gear rotates, the transmission, and the blade shaft (6) rotates. At this time, all the blades change by the same angle, and the state of the blades for the new wind direction maintains the same optimal conditions as the initial setting, and the torque continues. The change of the blade with respect to the change of the wind direction is 1/2 in angle, and the rotation ratio of the main bevel gear and the blade shaft is 2 to 1. The basic structure of this mechanism can satisfy it. The responsiveness of the wind direction response mechanism to the wind is realized by setting the rotation moment of the blade response mechanism sufficiently smaller than the rotation moment of the windmill mouth. The same function can be obtained even if a pulley and evening belt are used for transmitting the rotation of the wind direction indicator tail to the blade.

2. If the main bevel gear (4) or the main pulley is separated from the wind turbine main shaft (3) and put on the top of the wind turbine main shaft, all the gears or the main pulley can be made much smaller and thinner. it can. This wind direction response mechanism is connected to the upper part of the wind turbine spindle and the blade support arm.

(7) Make hollow and store it inside. The simple structure of the wind direction response mechanism (Fig. 1) protected inside the support arm in this way. If there are multiple arms to support the wings, such as upper and lower arms, store them in the upper arm. If only one arm is used to support the blades, the windmill has a simpler structure by storing it on that arm.

3. Simple and compact, which can be installed independently at the upper or lower end of each blade rotating shaft without using mechanisms such as a central bevel gear (4) with a wind direction indicating tail (5) and a main pulley. The wind direction response mechanism of the wing. At or near the end of the blade rotation shaft, install a wind direction indicator tail so that its axis is parallel or co-linear with the blade axis. These are the blade axis side wind direction response mechanism (Fig. 3, 12) and the blade axis wind direction response mechanism (Fig. 4, 12). The two shafts, the blade shaft and the wind direction indicator tail shaft, are connected using gears or the like so that the rotation ratio becomes 1: 2.

4. The initial setting of the blades maintained during rotation to efficiently convert wind energy to power is based on the direction specified by the wind direction indicator tail. The initial setting angle of the blades is removed from the optimal conditions, and the wind resistance applied to the blades and the lift are reduced, and the rotation speed of the windmill is reduced and adjusted (Fig. 5). This mechanism separates the tip (16) of the wind direction indicator tail shaft from the original part, fits both ends into a cylinder, moves the cylinder up and down, and moves along the groove that serves as a guide (18) on the cylinder surface. The initial part is shifted by an appropriate amount by rotating the tip part by the required angle with respect to the original part, and the connection method is used.

5. When a bevel gear (4) is used for the tail shaft (16) of the wind direction designated tail fin, the bevel gear moves upward when the wind pressure or centrifugal force exceeds a certain value. A mechanism that releases the wind direction response function and releases the blades by releasing from the combination (Fig. 6). This is a mechanism that disconnects and frees the connection between the tail shaft and the blade shaft. When the blades are free and the plane of the blades is parallel to the direction of the wind, the rotational force disappears and the rotation of the windmill stops, and at the same time the wind pressure on the windmill is minimized. When the blade direction is initially set, the blades can be set freely by selecting the blade direction based on the tail, and then reconnecting the main bevel gear.

6. When multiple vertical axis wind turbines are used, multiple wind turbines as units are installed in a multi-layered, side-by-side, three-dimensional framework by directly connecting the wind turbine main shafts vertically. Windmill. In addition, a multiple wind turbine configured by further arranging these in parallel in the horizontal direction.

Claims of amendment

[1 June 21, 1999 (21.06.99) Accepted by the International Bureau: Claims 2, 5, and 6 originally filed have been withdrawn; other claims remain unchanged. (2 pages)]

1. A blade wind direction response mechanism that responds by changing only the direction of the blade when the wind direction changes. The windmill is now omnidirectional without the need for the wind turbine to follow the wind direction. The wind direction indicator tail (5) is installed on the main bevel gear (4), which can be rotated without being fixed to the wind turbine tower or wind turbine main shaft. When the wind direction changes, the direction of the wind direction indicator tail changes, the main bevel gear rotates, the transmission, and the blade shaft (6) rotates. At this time, all the blades change by the same angle, and the state of the blades for the new wind direction maintains the same optimal conditions as the initial setting, and the torque continues. The change of the blade with respect to the change of the wind direction is 1/2 in angle, and the rotation ratio of the main bevel gear and the blade shaft is 2 to 1. The basic structure of this mechanism can satisfy it. The responsiveness of the impeller response mechanism to the wind is realized by setting the rotational moment of the impeller response mechanism sufficiently smaller than the rotational moment of the windmill mouth. The same function can be obtained even if a pulley and evening belt are used for transmitting the rotation of the wind direction indicator tail to the blade.

2. (Delete)

3. Simple and compact, which can be installed independently at the upper or lower end of each blade rotating shaft without using mechanisms such as a central bevel gear (4) equipped with a wind direction indicator tail (5) and a main pulley. The wind direction response mechanism of the wing. At or near the end of the blade rotation shaft, install a wind direction indicator tail so that its axis is parallel or co-linear with the blade axis. These are the blade axis side wind direction response mechanism (Fig. 3, 12) and the blade axis wind direction response mechanism (Fig. 4, 12). The two shafts, the blade shaft and the wind direction indicator tail shaft, are connected using gears or the like so that the rotation ratio becomes 1: 2.

4. The initial setting of the blades maintained during rotation to efficiently convert wind energy to power is based on the direction specified by the wind direction indicator tail. The first of these feathers

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) A mechanism that removes the angle of the initial setting from the optimal conditions, reduces wind resistance and lift applied to the blades, and lowers and adjusts the rotation speed of the windmill (Fig. 5). This mechanism separates the tip (16) of the wind direction indicator tail shaft from the original part, fits both ends into a cylinder, moves the cylinder up and down, and moves the original along the groove that serves as a guide (18) on the cylinder surface. By rotating the tip part by the required angle with respect to the part, the initial setting is shifted by an appropriate amount and the connection method is used.

5. (Delete)

6. (Delete)

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention)