GB2495745A - Wind or tidal flow turbine - Google Patents

Wind or tidal flow turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2495745A
GB2495745A GB1118050.2A GB201118050A GB2495745A GB 2495745 A GB2495745 A GB 2495745A GB 201118050 A GB201118050 A GB 201118050A GB 2495745 A GB2495745 A GB 2495745A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
hub
shaft
text
turbine
blade
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB1118050.2A
Other versions
GB201118050D0 (en
Inventor
Christopher John Coxon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB1118050.2A priority Critical patent/GB2495745A/en
Publication of GB201118050D0 publication Critical patent/GB201118050D0/en
Priority to PCT/GB2012/052606 priority patent/WO2013057512A2/en
Publication of GB2495745A publication Critical patent/GB2495745A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/264Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the horizontal flow of water resulting from tide movement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/065Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F03B17/067Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation the cyclic relative movement being positively coupled to the movement of rotation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06Rotors
    • F03D3/062Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/066Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
    • F03D3/067Cyclic movements
    • F03D3/068Cyclic movements mechanically controlled by the rotor structure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00Working fluid
    • F05B2210/16Air or water being indistinctly used as working fluid, i.e. the machine can work equally with air or water without any modification
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/50Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position
    • F05B2260/503Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position using gears
    • F05B2260/5032Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position using gears of the bevel or angled type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/70Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/75Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism not using auxiliary power sources, e.g. servos
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

A turbine for generating electrical power from a wind or tidal flow comprising a support shaft and a turbine blade assembly which includes a hub mounted so as to be rotatable on the shaft about a rotating axis and elongate blades extending from the same side of the hub and at the same angle thereto and each being rotational on the hub about their respective longitudinal axis. Gearing between the shaft and each blade causes each blade to rotate through 180° relative to the hub for each 360° rotation of the hub relative to the shaft. Preferably the gearing includes a main gear (Fig. 8, F) to which the blades are connected by respective spur gears (Fig. 8, H) , the main gear is adjustable so control the positions of the blades relative to the hub for a given rotational position of the hub.

Description

I
Turbine The present invention relates to turbines for power generation from wind and tidal flows.
Conventional wind turbines have efficiency deficiencies primarily based on the fact that the drag on each generating blade is always has a negative effect on the performance.
The advantages of traditional wind farm propeller type systems are that they sit on one pole and can be steered onto the wind flow. Traditional paddle wheel type designs usually rely on blades or paddles that are held on two chassis, one at each end and these chassis are the diameter of the rotating blades. This type of device whilst suitable for tidal or river flows where they can effectively be fixed and non directional are totally unsuitable for wind generation due to the large engineering mass and the impractical steering mechanism.
The present invention is a turbine for generating electrical power from a wind or tidal flow comprising: a support shaft; and F a turbine blade assembly comprising: a hub mounted so as to be rotatable on the shaft about a rotational axis; two or more elongate blades mounted on the hub and extending outwardly from the same side of the hub and at the same angle thereto and each being rotational on the hub about their respective longitudinal axis; and gearing means fixed relative to the shaft and engaging with each blade so as to provide that each blade rotates through 180° relative to the hub for each 360° rotation of the huh relative to the shaft.
The present invention uses the advantages of traditional wind turbine single poles fixtures with a steerable blade hub with blades angled out from this central hub to gain all of the advantages of a self feathering paddle wheel design whose efficiency is far superior due to the fact that the blade is geared such that when it is moving in the direction of the flow at the top of its rotation it is angled to produce maximum drag and when the blades are moving towards the flow on the bottom of their rotation they are angled to produce minimum drag. It is not essential that the maximum drag effect is at the top of the rotation but this is the most likely scenario since the wind flow is normally greater at the higher point of a wind generator and this is where it is advantageous to extract this greater flow via the drag on the blades.
This invention is different from other paddle wheel designs by its utilizing a small central hub which can be easily mounted on one single pole and where the hub assembly can be easily steered to orientate to the wind. Also because the central hub is so much smaller that the two hubs of a traditional water wheel type design there is lot of power wasted through rotating the mass of the hub at such a relatively small radius. The other advantage of this design is that since the proportion of mass of the tip of the blades can be relatively low the unit can react to gusting far better. Also since 30% of the blades rotation is using the drag from the flow then in gusting conditions this is all adding to the power extracted as opposed to a conventional propeller type unit where efficiency is lost through the blades not being able to react to the gusting flow via there pitch angle.
The gear means may include a main gear, the blades being connected to the main gear by respective spur gears, the rotational position of the spur gears, the rotational position of the spur gears and main gear being adjustable to control the rotational positions of the blades relative to the hub for a given rotational position of the hub relative to the shaft.
The rotational axis of the hub on the shaft may be coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the shaft.
The turbine of the present invention may include two turbine assemblies mounted on an opposite sides of the shaft such that the rotational axes of the hubs are coincident.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig 1 shows a view of the installed unit. Chassis pole A holds main bearing and gearbox E onto which blade hubs D rotate with blades B which them selves rotate in hub D about bearing unit C. Fig 2 shows side view and in this view with the flow from the left the blades ideally rotate clockwise.
Fig 3 shows front of rear view of the unit.
Fig 4. Shows with the flow coming from the left and the blades rotting clockwise in the view that blade A. is at 90 degrees to the flow at the top of its rotation. Blade U is at a pitch angle where the flow is acting on it to move upwards and in a clockwise direction and blade C is angle so that the flow acts on it to move it down in a clockwise direction.
Fig S shows with the flow coming from the left and the blades rotting clockwise in the view that blade A has rotated about hub pivot B and is now almost inline with the flow to give minimum drag and almost at the bottom of its rotation and the blade is moving into the flow. Blade C is at a pitch angle where the flow acts on it to move it upwards in a clockwise direction and blade D is angled such that the flow acting on it is move it downwards in a clockwise direction.
Fig 6 shows the unit from the front or rear view where blade A is almost at the top of its rotation and substantially at 90 degrees to the flow as moving from the viewer to the drawing. Blades B and C are at angles such to assist in the rotation.
Fig 7. shows that when blade A is at the bottom of its rotation and at the height where there is relatively less flow that the blade is substantially inline with that flow and moving towards it with minimum drag.
Fig B shows main chassis. Ground chassis fixing pole K holds hub casing J about which blade hub L rotates. Blade A rotates in bearing E. Blade A has angled gear H fixed to its axis making it rotate as bearing H meshes with stationary gear F in a ration of 2 to 1 where angled gear H rotates halt a revolution to one rotation of blade hub L. C is the stationary central bearing that is fixed to main post K. in this illustration the central F bearing axis is horizontal but when the unit is used with this axis being vertical, instead of steering the whole top assembly to orientate the blades correctly with the wind direction then by just moving gear I which moves gear F and in effect the point of rotation where the blades moving into the flow are inline with it then this type of unit is much simpler to orientate with the flow as in fig 5. F Fig 9 shows an installation where the rotation axis of blade hub E is vertical and in this illustration the flow would be from the viewer to the drawing so that blade A is moving into the direction of the flow at the left hand outermost part of its rotation having rotated via the gearbox about pivot U. As shown fig 7 by adjusting the rotation of the main gear F the point at which blade A is in like with the wind can be adjusted without having to rotate any part of the post F or the assembly on top of it. Blade C is moving away from the viewer and to the right its pitch angle allowing the flow to act on it to assist in this motion and its angle of attack moving towards its maximum of 90 degrees to the flow when it reaches its furthest position to the right of its rotation. Blade Ba angle is rotating away from its maximum of BOdegrees to the flow and it moves to the left from its rotation.
Fig 10 shows chassis plate N fixed to main mast M into which bearing 0 is held to hoid power takeoff bevel gear and drive gear shaft p. Fig 11 shows ring gear Q fixed to rotating hub U onto which spur gear H rotates with bevel gear S to transfer power takeoff through 90 degrees via bevel gear T. Fig 12 shows vertical power transfer shaft V which is held into the main mast via F bearings and fixings W which transfers the power to generator X.

Claims (1)

  1. <claim-text>CLAIMS1. A turbine for generating electrical power from a wind or tidal flow comprising: a support shaft; and a turbine blade assembly comprising: a hub mounted so as to be rotatable on the shaft about a rotational axis; two or more elongate blades mounted on the hub and extending outwardly from the same side of the hub and at the same angle thereto and each being rotational on the hub about their respective longitudinal axis; and gearing means fixed relative to the shaft and engaging with each blade so as to provide that each blade rotates through 1800 relative to the hub for each 3600 rotation of the hub relative to the shaft.</claim-text> <claim-text>2. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, in which the gear means includes a main gear, the blades being connected to the main gear by respective spur gears, the rotational position of the spur gears, the rotational position of the spur gears and main gear being adjustable to control the rotational positions of the blades relative to the hub for a given rotational position of the hub relative to the shaft.</claim-text> <claim-text>3 A turbine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, in which the rotational axis of the hub on the shaft is coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the shaft.</claim-text> <claim-text>4. A turbine including two turbine assemblies, each as claimed in claim 1 and mounted on opposite sides of the shaft such that the rotational axes of the hubs are coincident.</claim-text>
GB1118050.2A 2011-10-19 2011-10-19 Wind or tidal flow turbine Withdrawn GB2495745A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1118050.2A GB2495745A (en) 2011-10-19 2011-10-19 Wind or tidal flow turbine
PCT/GB2012/052606 WO2013057512A2 (en) 2011-10-19 2012-10-19 A turbine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1118050.2A GB2495745A (en) 2011-10-19 2011-10-19 Wind or tidal flow turbine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB201118050D0 GB201118050D0 (en) 2011-11-30
GB2495745A true GB2495745A (en) 2013-04-24

Family

ID=45219946

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB1118050.2A Withdrawn GB2495745A (en) 2011-10-19 2011-10-19 Wind or tidal flow turbine

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2495745A (en)
WO (1) WO2013057512A2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108180103A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-06-19 李玲 A kind of adjustable vertical-axis tide energy hydraulic turbine
WO2021018353A1 (en) 2019-07-27 2021-02-04 Siva Raghuram Prasad Chennupati Universal propeller, operating method and favoured uses

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1352859A (en) * 1919-04-15 1920-09-14 Walter A Wilson Windmill
FR944152A (en) * 1947-03-29 1949-03-29 vertical axis wind turbine
FR1118526A (en) * 1955-01-04 1956-06-07 Device usable as generator and propellant
FR2277993A1 (en) * 1974-07-12 1976-02-06 Staes Daniel Fluid flow powered generator - has planetary vanes partially rotating to reduce drag
US4125343A (en) * 1977-06-20 1978-11-14 Leonard Olson Planetary blade turbine
GB2097864A (en) * 1981-04-30 1982-11-10 Snell Roland Thurston Wind and water power converter
EP0908621A1 (en) * 1997-10-08 1999-04-14 Ludwig Stubenhofer Wind or waterwheel
WO1999042723A1 (en) * 1998-02-19 1999-08-26 Takahiko Yoshino Technologies on vertical axis windmill effectively utilizing wind force energy by rotating its blades
GB2360551A (en) * 2000-03-21 2001-09-26 Alan John Rogan Turbine
WO2011039404A1 (en) * 2009-10-01 2011-04-07 Cuycha Innovation Oy Method for improving the efficiency of wind or water turbine and a corresponding turbine

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4180367A (en) * 1975-02-10 1979-12-25 Drees Herman M Self-starting windmill energy conversion system
FR2911926B1 (en) * 2007-01-31 2012-08-24 Pierre Andre Marie Dieudonne HYDROLIENNE WITH OPTIMIZED ROTARY BLADES.
US20080304963A1 (en) * 2007-06-08 2008-12-11 Awni Riadh M M Tilting flaps to drive wind power generators or gearboxes
ITPD20110199A1 (en) * 2011-06-15 2012-12-16 Marco Bosello WIND POWER PLANT WITH VERTICAL OR HORIZONTAL AXIS

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1352859A (en) * 1919-04-15 1920-09-14 Walter A Wilson Windmill
FR944152A (en) * 1947-03-29 1949-03-29 vertical axis wind turbine
FR1118526A (en) * 1955-01-04 1956-06-07 Device usable as generator and propellant
FR2277993A1 (en) * 1974-07-12 1976-02-06 Staes Daniel Fluid flow powered generator - has planetary vanes partially rotating to reduce drag
US4125343A (en) * 1977-06-20 1978-11-14 Leonard Olson Planetary blade turbine
GB2097864A (en) * 1981-04-30 1982-11-10 Snell Roland Thurston Wind and water power converter
EP0908621A1 (en) * 1997-10-08 1999-04-14 Ludwig Stubenhofer Wind or waterwheel
WO1999042723A1 (en) * 1998-02-19 1999-08-26 Takahiko Yoshino Technologies on vertical axis windmill effectively utilizing wind force energy by rotating its blades
GB2360551A (en) * 2000-03-21 2001-09-26 Alan John Rogan Turbine
WO2011039404A1 (en) * 2009-10-01 2011-04-07 Cuycha Innovation Oy Method for improving the efficiency of wind or water turbine and a corresponding turbine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108180103A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-06-19 李玲 A kind of adjustable vertical-axis tide energy hydraulic turbine
WO2021018353A1 (en) 2019-07-27 2021-02-04 Siva Raghuram Prasad Chennupati Universal propeller, operating method and favoured uses
US12071931B2 (en) 2019-07-27 2024-08-27 Siva RaghuRam Prasad Chennupati Universal propeller, operating method and favoured use

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013057512A2 (en) 2013-04-25
WO2013057512A3 (en) 2013-06-20
GB201118050D0 (en) 2011-11-30

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