WO1999041479A1

WO1999041479A1 - Hinge module

Info

Publication number: WO1999041479A1
Application number: PCT/CH1999/000067
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Geiser
Original assignee: Bucher Leichtbau Ag
Priority date: 1998-02-15
Filing date: 1999-02-14
Publication date: 1999-08-19
Also published as: EP0973988A1; CH693105A5

Abstract

A hinge module (1) has an axis (Z), a frame part (2) secured to a frame (5) and a flat, movable door part (3) secured to a door (10). The door part has a lateral profiled groove guide (4) for inserting in the door direction X into a profiled recess (14) of the doors with a profile opening width (B2). A transverse edge (6) which extends beyond the profile opening width (B2) is placed in a recess (7) of the door part and in a recess (16) in the door. The transverse wedge is secured to the door part (3) by a detachable fixing element (8), in particular a screw, and is prestressed over a bracing distance (S), so that the door part, transverse wedge and door are held against each other. This yields a particularly stable, flat hinge module easy to produce and to mount for demanding applications, in particular in aircraft.

Description

HINGE MODULE

The invention relates to a hinge module according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular for demanding applications in aviation and in lightweight structures. Different types of hinge modules are known, but they still have different disadvantages. For example, hinge straps are used for space-saving applications, but these are relatively complex to manufacture and assemble. In the case of repairs, it is also necessary to remove and replace an entire door. Demanding areas of application of such hinge modules are in particular in aviation for aircraft kitchens (galleys), emergency equipment in helicopters, in mobile containers such as trolleys and in general for use in doors, flaps, hoods, lids, folding tables, mobile containers, interior fittings, etc. Further applications can be found in the catering sector and in land passenger vehicles such as trains, buses etc. Demanding applications are primarily lightweight structures, where low weight and relatively high mechanical requirements have to be met at the same time. Space-saving facilities are also necessary.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a high-quality hinge module consisting of a few standard parts, which is simple to manufacture and assemble, simple replacement, quick repairs and simple installation and removal on site and which can also be installed very flat in thin-walled doors and containers.

This task is solved according to the invention by a hinge module according to claim 1. The simple construction with few parts enables simple manufacture and assembly on site, even in the case of particularly restricted space.

The dependent claims relate to advantageous developments which are distinguished by a particularly simple structure, few parts and particularly favorable properties with regard to space use, installation, manufacture, service, repair and mechanical stability.

In the following, the invention is further explained with the aid of examples and figures. Show it

Fig. 1 shows a hinge module according to the invention with a transverse wedge in supervision

Fig. 2 shows the example of Fig. 1 in plan

Fig. 3 shows the example m side views

Fig. 4 is an associated hinge mount m of a door

Fig. 5, 6 hinge modules with large opening angle

7 shows a hinge module combined with a spring module as an opener / closer 3

Fig. 8, 9 examples of hinge modules with an integrated spring module

Fig. 10 shows a hinge module with two door parts

11 shows an associated locking module

Fig. 12 is a door with hinge, spring and locking modules

Fig. 13 shows a module with mounting attachment

FIGS. 1 to 3 show three different views, seen in the X, Y and Z directions, an example of a hinge module 1 according to the invention, and FIG. 4 shows the assigned recess in a door 10 for receiving the door part 3. The hinge module has a hinge axis Z, a frame part 2 fastened to a frame 5 (normally as a fixed hinge part) and a door part 3 fastened to a door 10 (as a movable hinge part). The door part 3 has lateral profile groove guides 4 for insertion in the door direction X m, a correspondingly complementarily profiled recess 14 with a profile opening width B2 in the door. The door part is thus held in a form-fitting manner with respect to the Z and Y directions. A cross wedge 6 is inserted into a recess 7 of the torte egg and extends beyond the profile opening width B2. The cross wedge 6 also extends here by a distance L on both sides beyond the insertion width B of the door egg 3. This protruding part of the cross wedge is inserted into a corresponding recess 16 m of the door. The cross wedge 6 is connected by a detachable fixation 8 to the door part 3, which thus also with respect to the direction of the door X m now is held. Thus, the profile groove guide 4 and the cross wedge 6 inserted from above, ie in the direction Y, form a form-fitting anchoring of the door part 3 m of the door 10 17 of the recess 16 in the door pretensioned or firmly clamped, so that the door part 3 is also non-positively connected to the door 10 in addition to the positive connection. This also eliminates or fixes a certain amount of play between the door part, cross wedge and recess in the door, which play is deliberately chosen to take into account manufacturing tolerances and for easy insertion and installation (e.g. 0.1 - 0.2 mm).

In this example, a screw 8 is used as a particularly simple and advantageous releasable fixation, which is additionally provided with a releasable securing adhesive, e.g. Loctite is secured.

In summary, the hinge module 1 according to the invention is defined as follows:

It has a hinge axis Z, a frame part 2 fastened to a frame 5 and a movable flat door part 3 fastened to a door 10. The door part has a lateral profile groove guide 4 for insertion in the direction of the door X into a profiled recess 14 in the door with a profile opening width B2. A cross wedge 6, which extends beyond the profile opening width B2, is inserted in the Y direction in a recess 7 of the door and in a recess 16 in the door. The cross wedge is connected to the door part 3 by a releasable fixation 8, in particular a screw, and is prestressed by a clamping distance S, so that the door part, cross wedge and door are positively and positively connected. This results in a stable, flat and very easy to assemble hinge module consisting of a few standard parts for demanding applications, especially in aviation and lightweight construction. The hinge module is completely fastened in the container interior 18, so that only the slightly protruding hinge axis Z which is rounded on all sides is visible from the outside.

The positive connection and the non-positive tensioning of the wedge 6 can be seen clearly from the sectional views in FIGS. 3:

3a shows a section (A-A) through the cross wedge 6. FIG. 3b shows a section (B-B) through the door part with profile shape 4.

3c shows a section (C-C) from FIG. 4 through the door with profiling 14 at the same location.

The example of FIGS. 1 to 4 has a flat T-profile as a particularly advantageous, mechanically stable and low-profile version of the lateral profile guide 4 on the door part 3 and the associated profiling 14 m of the door 10. This shape with profile opening width B2 is also very easy to manufacture, for example by milling in aluminum and also easy to assemble. The particularly flat design of the entire coulter module is particularly suitable for thin-walled lightweight doors with high mechanical requirements, such as is required, for example, in aircraft installations, especially for containers for cakes (galleys), trolleys, etc. The dimensioning of such a coulter module m of the door can, for example, have the following dimensions according to FIGS. 3a to 3c:

Insertion width of the Turteiis 3: B = 32 mm, protruding length of the cross wedge L = 4 mm, i.e. a length of the cross wedge of a total of B + 2L = 40 mm profile opening width B2 = 26.4 mm profile structure width bl = 3 mm and profile heights dl = 1.5 mm, d2 = 2 mm and d3 = 2.5 mm, with which a gap distance = clamping distance S = d3 - d2 of 0.5 mm is set. The play between door part 3 and profile run in the door is e.g. between 0.1 and 0.3 mm.

The door thickness d4 is e.g. 6 mm in the area of the modules and can e.g. be reduced to 2-3 mm, which enables very thin and light doors.

The profile parts are e.g. made of high-strength aluminum and the cross wedge made of stainless spring steel. This results in a very flat, compact hinge module that can withstand high mechanical loads.

In addition to the T-profile shown, other known profile shapes with an undercut are of course also possible, for example trapezoidal (dovetail), stair-shaped or rounded profile cross sections. The frame part 2 and the door part 3 are, for example, easy to manufacture from extruded aluminum profiles, the frame part 2 here being easily mountable to the frame or frame 5 by means of two screws 9, such as, for example, to a frame profile 5.1 m of a hinge module the door must be dismantled. 7

5 shows an example of a Scharmer module which, with only one joint, enables a particularly large door opening angle W of at least 270 °. So far, hinges with two joints were mostly necessary for such large opening angles. With a crank 41 of the door, the hinge axis Z is shifted forward so far in the direction of Y that the door 10 can be swiveled through a full 270 ° as far as the stop on the frame 5. Thus, the completely opened door takes up practically no additional space. This is particularly important e.g. with trolleys on planes or with mobile containers in trains and buses, where there is very little space in the aisles and therefore a front door of a trolley, e.g. to distribute meals, all the way up to the side wall, i.e. by W = 270 °, must be opened.

In this example, the frame is designed as a continuous frame profile 5.2, the frame part 2.2 of the hinge also being formed from this frame profile by a corresponding hinge joint being milled out at the location of the hinge module for inserting the door egg 3.

6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a hinge module with a frame part 2.3, which together with its screw connection 9 is completely sunk in a profile frame 5.3. For applications in aircraft or land transport vehicles, it is important that the fittings and hinge modules have as far as possible no protruding angular parts which could pose a risk of injury. This is possible with the hinge modules according to the invention, which can be installed in the container interior 18, so that then only the minimally protruding hinge itself becomes visible on the outside, and all the protruding parts are rounded on all sides. These examples from FIGS. 5 and 6 also illustrate that the hinge modules according to the invention are suitable for very thin-walled lightweight structures.

7 shows a combination 27 of a Scharmer module 1 with a spring module 20. These two modules here have an integral common frame part 2, 22. The spring module 20 is used as an opener or closer, with a spring 21 exerting an opening or closing force on the door depending on requirements and type of construction. The spring module has a cylindrical spring 21 on an axle pin 25, which here coincides with the hinge axis Z, i.e. 25 and Z are designed here as one piece. The spring 21 is held in a form-fitting manner at one end 24 in the frame part 22 and its other, free end 23, here in the form of an arch, is supported on a receiving surface 13 on the door 10. The possible relatively large length of the spring 21 results in favorable Spring properties also for large door opening angles W and good durability. The frame part 2 of both modules 1 and 20 can e.g. consist of an aluminum extrusion profile and can be manufactured in a simple manner by milling the hinge shape.

8 and 9 show examples of particularly simple hinge modules 27 with an integrated spring module, a cylindrical spring 21 being arranged on the hinge axis Z. The example of FIG. 8 has a frame part 22, which essentially corresponds to the example of FIG. 1, and a magnified door part 3 with a longer wedge 6, which is fixed and tensioned here by two screws 8. 9 shows a particularly compact example of a combined hinge and spring module 27, the installation dimensions of which are identical to the example of FIG. 1. For this purpose, a somewhat shorter spring 21.2 is integrated in the middle area on the hinge axis Z. So three different variants of such a module can be formed from a minimal number of standard parts:

- Without spring (according to Fig. 2) or

- with spring as opener and

- with spring as make contact,

which is also in the simplest way, i.e. Replace and replace as desired by loosening and fixing only three screws (8, 9).

10 shows a further variant of the Scharmer module according to the invention, which essentially consists of two complementary door parts 3, 3 '. That the frame part 2 is also designed here as a door part 3 'with a profile groove guide 4' and a transverse wedge 6 '. Both hinge parts 3, 3 'can thus be manufactured from the same aluminum extrusion profile as a semi-finished product, the associated receptacles in the frame 5 as well as in the door 10 having the same shape. This hinge module can e.g. are suitable for applications in which both the frame and the door should be particularly thin-walled, e.g. for lightweight applications in particularly tight spaces.

11 shows a locking module 30 assigned to the hinge module, which is also very flat and can be used in lightweight construction and other demanding applications. The locking module 30 has a slide 32, which rests on a plastic bolt 35, the 10

Bolt 35 acts on the one hand as a shock absorber when slamming the door and on the other hand as a sliding element for the slider 32 which eliminates play. In the example, a slide lock is shown, whereby analogously, in the same housing, latch locks can also be built in which a lever acts on the slide 32 and actuates it.

12 illustrates the hinge and locking system according to the invention on a relatively large door 10 with high mechanical requirements. This door has two hinge modules 1 at the top and bottom with a spring module 20 arranged between them and on the other side of the door leaf two associated locking modules 30, e.g. in the form of a slide lock and a latch lock. This door meets particularly high mechanical requirements, e.g. according to aviation safety regulations, where for example a load of 100 kg on one hinge side must be expected. Combined hinge and spring modules 27 (FIGS. 8, 9) can of course also be used.

A smaller or less loaded door can have, for example, two hinge modules 1 and a spring module 20 or a hinge module 1 and a combined hinge and spring module 27 and a locking module 30. This illustrates the simple, modular application of the hinge, locking and locking modules according to the invention, which consist of a minimal number of standard parts, which are easy to manufacture and assemble and have very good mechanical properties, which, thanks to the low overall height, also require little installation space and which can be used universally. 11

13 shows a module which additionally has a fastening attachment 44, here with an axis of rotation in the X direction, on which further actuating elements, e.g. a gas pressure spring 45 for automatically opening a door, can be rotatably attached. This module can be designed as a hinge module 1 or without a hinge as a fastening module.

Particularly for lightweight construction requirements, the hinge modules according to the invention are advantageously produced, for example, from light metal, extruded aluminum profiles being usable as semi-finished products, or the parts also being able to be produced in light metal casting.

Parts made of engineering thermoplastics such as polyamide PA or polyethylene terephthalate PET etc. can also be used for applications with less stringent mechanical requirements. Injection molded parts made of fiber-reinforced thermoplastics are preferred, carbon fiber reinforcement being used for the hinge joints and having a self-lubricating effect. (Parts of the hinge modules according to the invention which do not move towards one another could also be made of glass fiber reinforced material.) Particularly good mechanical properties can also be achieved in a simple manner with long fiber reinforced thermoplastic extruded parts, again preferably with carbon fiber reinforcement.

A particularly light version of a cross wedge 6, which must have good spring properties, can be produced from continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic with a fiber content of at least 50% by volume by hot pressing. UD carbon fiber reinforcement is preferably used for rigid cross wedges. Depending on the design of the clamping 12

distance or the gap distance S for tensioning the cross wedge, softer glass fiber reinforcement can also be used.

The following terms are used in this description:

1 hinge module

2 frame part, fixed part of 1

3 door part, movable part

4 lateral profile groove guides (in the X direction)

5 frames, bracket

6 cross wedge, clamping element

7 recess for 6 in 3

8 fixation, screw

9 frame screws

10 doors, wings

13 recording for 23 of 20

14 profile holder for 4 in 10

16 recess for 6 in 10

17 contact surface of 16

18 container interior

20 spring module as opener / closer

21 cylinder spring on pin

22 frame part of 20

23 movable spring end as a door part

24 fixed end, fixed in 22

25 axis pin

27 combined hinge and spring module 1 + 20

30 locking module

31 housing

32 sliders

35 plastic bolts as dampers and sliding elements

41 offset 13

42 surface on 3

44 attachment attachment

45 Gas spring B width of 3

B2 profile opening width dl, d2 d3, bl dimensions, dimensions

L distance

S gap distance, clamping distance

Z hinge axis, axis direction

X door direction

Y perpendicular to XZ

W door opening angle

Claims

14 PATENT CLAIMS

Hinge module (1) with a hinge axis (Z), a frame part (2) and a movable flat door part (3), characterized in that the door part has a lateral profile groove guide (4) for insertion in the direction of the door X into a correspondingly profiled recess (14) with a profile opening width (B2) m of the door (10) and a transverse wedge (6), which extends in the m axis direction Z beyond the profile opening width (B2) and which m direction Y into a recess (7) of the door and into an associated recess ( 16) can be inserted into the door and the cross wedge (6) is connected to the door part (3) by a releasable fixation (8) and is also non-positively connected to the door (10) by pretensioning over a clamping distance (S).

Hinge module according to claim 1, characterized in that the door part (3) has a flat T-profile arranged on both sides as a profile groove guide (4).

Hinge module according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one screw is provided as a fixation (8) of the cross wedge. 15

Hinged module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the door part (3) has a crank (41) with a protruding hinge axis Z, which enable a door opening angle W of 270 °.

Scharmer module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frame part (2) is also designed as a door part (3 ') with a profile groove guide (4') and cross wedge (6 ').

Scharmer module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an associated spring module (20) as an opener / closer with a frame part (22), with a cylinder spring (21) on an axially parallel pin (25), one end (24) of which in the frame part for is held conclusively and the other movable end (23) is supported on a receiving surface (13) of the door.

Coulter module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cylindrical spring (21) is integrated on the hinge axis Z m the coulter module and thus a combined hinge and spring module (27) is formed. 16

Hinge module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an associated locking module (30) with a slide (32) and a plastic bolt (35) as a damper and sliding element on which the slide rests.

Hinge and locking system on a door (10) with a frame (5), characterized by hinge modules according to claim 1, at least one spring module according to claim 6 and at least one locking module according to claim 8.

10. Hinge module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that parts made of light metal are provided, e.g. from extruded profiles or injection molded parts.

11. Hinge module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that parts made of engineering thermoplastics such as polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) etc. are provided.

12. Hinge module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that injection molded parts made of carbon or glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics are provided. 17

13. Hinge module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that long fiber reinforced plastic extruded parts are provided.

14. Hinge module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross wedge (6) consists of continuous carbon fiber or glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics with a fiber content of at least 50 vol%.