WO1999039221A2

WO1999039221A2 - Method and devices for producing lens-grid alternating images

Info

Publication number: WO1999039221A2
Application number: PCT/DE1999/000297
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ralf Paugstadt
Original assignee: Ralf Paugstadt
Priority date: 1998-01-30
Filing date: 1999-01-30
Publication date: 1999-08-05
Also published as: DE19804858A1; AU3325399A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and devices for the affordable and variable production of lens-grid alternating images on two-dimensional surfaces. To this end, a graphical pattern is deposited on one side of a two-dimensional transparent substrate, and a transparent, liquid material is deposited on the other side at a defined position relative to the graphical pattern. The liquid material is deposited in such a way that after the hardening thereof, lens-grid-shaped light refracting surfaces result which are located at exact relative positions with regard to the graphical pattern. A graphical pattern and a transparent liquid material are deposited on the substrate by two inkjet printing heads which are arranged on opposite sides of the substrate and which are rigidly connected to one another. The rigid connection of both inkjet printing heads guarantees the exact positioning of the light refracting surfaces relative to the printing pattern.

Description

Methods and devices for producing lenticular alternating images

The invention relates to methods and devices for producing lens raster alternating images. Lenticular raster alternating images ^* represent different images when viewed from different directions, for example phases of a movement sequence. A change in the viewing direction can be done by tilting a lens raster alternating image or by passing are created on a fixed lenticular alternating image If a lenticular alternating image is constructed in such a way that the respective stereoscopic view of a spatial scene is visible in the direction of the right and left eye, lenticular alternating images create the illusion of a spatial depth of this scene.

Lenticular grid change images are used as postcards, advertising media, as displays and for the visualization of three-dimensional scenes. Due to the difficult manufacturing technology compared to static images and the high attention value, lenticular grid change images are also used as security features on ID cards, tickets or for product security.

The principle of lenticular interchangeable images is based on the light-refractive effect of a lenticular surface that is arranged between graphic information and the viewer

FIG. 1 illustrates the principle of lens raster alternating images on the basis of the cross section of a transparent substrate 2 whose top 46 has two cylindrical lens-shaped strips 37a, b and on whose underside 47 graphic patterns 34 af are applied. For example, the patterns 34 af in color 1 (34 a and 34 d), color 2 (34 b and 34 e) and color 3 (34 c and 34 f) are printed on the rear side 47 of a transparent substrate 2 with a front face 46 embossed in a cylindrical shape

If the distance 48 corresponds approximately to the focal length of the lenticular surfaces 37, light incident from the direction 50 is focused by the cylindrical lens-shaped strips 37 onto the patterns 34 b and 34 e. An observer looking from the direction 50 and from a greater distance therefore accepts the strips 37 of color 2 true

Light incident from the direction 49 is directed from the surfaces 37 onto the patterns 34 c and 34 f, so that the stripes 37 in color 3 appear to an observer looking from this direction. The stripes 37 appear analogously to an observer looking from the direction 51 Color 1 With the change in the viewing direction, the color of the two stripes 37 changes

If all the graphic patterns have 34 different colors, an observer sees from the directions 49 to 51 two differently colored strips 34 c and 34 f or 34 b and 34 e or 34 a and 34 d

By using further lens strips analogous to 37, a planar structure can be realized which represents three different images from three observation directions, each of which is composed of the strips located under the center points of the lenses or the strips to the right or left thereof

The three images to be displayed must therefore correspond to the number of lens strips

Number of strips disassembled and arranged to the right, center or left of the center strip center points. Because the graphic content of the strips 34 corresponds to the width of the lens strips

37 appears expanded, the information of the original image must be transformed into the width of the strips 34 A lenticular grid alternating image made up of lens strips changes the displayed image only when the viewing direction changes from 49 to 51, ie in the plane perpendicular to the substrate 2 and perpendicular to the lens strips 37. A change in the viewing direction in the plane perpendicular to the substrate 2 and parallel to the lens strip 37 does not change the image view, because no curved, refractive surfaces are effective in this plane

In order to implement image changes in any direction, a grid of dome-shaped lenses can be used. FIG. 2 shows an arrangement of such lenses 24 on a transparent substrate 2. Colored circles or circular rings 25 are applied centered under the lenses 24 on the back of the substrate 2 The observer looking at the top of the substrate 2 sees a pattern according to FIG. 3, while depending on the deviation Θ of the viewing direction from the vertical, the colors of the first or the second circular rings become visible. When the circular rings are divided into sectors of different colors, the visible image also became clear with a variation of the viewing direction φ change

The images visible from different viewing angles result from the laws of geometric optics. The image contents depend on the content of the graphic patterns, on the structure of the lens grid, on the refractive index and the thickness of the lens grid material and on the positions of the graphic patterns relative to the refractive surfaces

For these relative positions 52, with the exception of FIG. 15, centered arrangements of graphic stripe systems for cylindrical lens-shaped light-refracting surfaces or from graphic points for light-refractive domes are always selected. Only FIG. 15 shows an example of an arrangement of graphic points 45 and a cylindrical lens-shaped strip 44, in which the points are shifted towards the edge of the strip

The relative positions 52 between the graphic pattern and the refractive surfaces, which are predetermined by the intended effect of the lens raster alternating image, are referred to as “defined” relative positions. For viewing angles 48 different from the focal length of the raster, there are image angle-dependent image changes

In FIG. 1 it can be seen that the accuracies 52 of the alignment of the patterns 34 a-c relative to the lenticular strip 37 a, b of the substrate 2 above them are high

Requirements are made Since the thickness 48 of an alternating lenticular image should generally not exceed a few 100 μm, the patterns 34 a-c must be positioned relative to the substrate 2 with an accuracy of less than 100 μm

This applies analogously to all graphic patterns and the associated light-refracting surfaces

In the case of printing processes, the gripping device of the printing machine must grip a substrate sheet 2 and be accurate to less than 10 μm in relation to the printing plate or

Position the print roller that applies the graphic patterns 34 to multi-colored ones

Lens grid alternating images must adhere to these tolerances for each color separation

Similar high requirements result when the graphic patterns 34 are applied to the light-sensitive rear side of a substrate sheet 2 using exposure or laser processes

Two processes are known for the printing-technical production of interchangeable lenticular images. In one process, transparent foils 2, provided with lenticular grids on the upper side 46, are printed on the rear side 47. The lenticular grid base material is produced in a separate production step Setting up the printing machine or in the event of misalignment of the substrate feed to the printing plate or printing roller. Reject prints. These non-exactly printed lens grids have become unusable. Disadvantages of the method are therefore that the starting material is an expensive one Lenticular base material must be used and that parts of this material are lost as rejects in the furnishing and production process.

In order to avoid these disadvantages, the front side 46 of a transparent thermoplastic substrate 2 is embossed in a lenticular pattern in a second known method simultaneously with the printing on the rear side 47. Since the position of the embossing and printing rollers can be kept constant better relative to one another than the positioning of a prefabricated lenticular film relative to the printing plates or rollers, the accuracy of the positioning of the printing patterns 34 relative to the lenticular strips 37 can be ensured more precisely. Disadvantages of this method are, however, that expensive special embossing and printing machines are required, and that two different processes with different requirements for parameters such as speed, contact pressure, temperature, etc. must be coordinated.

Methods are also known for exposing the graphic information 34 to the rear side 47 of a substrate 2 provided with a light-sensitive coating.

Exposure methods have the advantage that colored graphical information in one

Exposure step can be applied. Therefore, the

Position inaccuracies of the individual color separations from printing processes as a source of errors.

Disadvantages of exposed lenticular alternating images are the additional price of a light-sensitive layer, the need for development and fixing processes, and the high demands on the positioning accuracy of the substrates 2 relative to the

Exposure image 34.

For special applications, methods are also known for generating the graphic information 34 with laser-induced color conversions on the back or in the depth of a substrate 2. However, these methods are limited to individual colors if the systems are expensive. The positioning 52 of the graphic patterns 34 relative to the lenticular strips 37 must also be precisely controlled when producing lenticular alternating images with lasers.

Except for the embossing printing process, all known processes for producing lenticular alternating images require expensive, lenticular-shaped foils as the starting material.

The reproduction processes for applying the graphic information of a lenticular alternating image also require highly precise and correspondingly expensive printing or exposure machines.

Due to the high demands on the positioning accuracy of the graphic information relative to the lenticular base material, lenticular alternating images are only produced by a few companies worldwide and have so far not been economically viable with variable content, i.e. with content that is specific to each lenticular alternating image (names, passport images, etc.).

Due to the lack of variability, the production of individual lenticular interchangeable images or of short runs of such images is not economical. Up to now, lenticular interchangeable images can only be produced on substrates that are embossed or cast in the form of a lenticular grid. This makes it difficult to integrate them into normal flat print products, for example as a changing logo in a letterhead or as a security feature in a value document. Starting from the prior art, the invention has for its object to provide a simple method and devices for the production of lenticular alternating images, with which both the refractive lenticular surfaces and the graphic pattern can be produced in one production step so that both are in a precisely defined position relative to each other. The process does not require lenticular films, but uses flat substrates as the starting material. It is therefore suitable to be integrated into conventional printing processes and enables the easy application of lens grid interchangeable images on flat, flexible or rigid media

Another object of the invention is to enable the inexpensive production of variable lens grid change images, that is, of lens grid change images with varying contents such as numbers, names or personal information, or the production of lens grid change images in individual copies or small runs

According to the invention the object is achieved in that a graphic pattern is applied to a surface of a planar transparent substrate and on the other side in a defined position with respect to the graphic pattern a transparent, liquid substance is applied which, after it has solidified, has the lenticular, light-refracting surfaces which are in exact relative positions to the print pattern

In a preferred embodiment, the device for carrying out the method consists of two inkjet print heads arranged on the opposite sides of a flat, transparent substrate and rigidly connected to one another, one of which applies the transparent, liquid substance which forms the light-refracting surfaces after solidification, while the other hangs up the graphic pattern. The rigid connection of the two inkjet print heads ensures that the light-refractive surfaces are positioned exactly relative to the print pattern

An inkjet printhead can print variable graphic patterns. Therefore, with the method according to the invention, variable lenticular image changes can be produced

Since the lenticular grid itself is created in the proposed manufacturing process, no prefabricated lenticular grid substrates are required

Because the starting material of the manufacturing method according to the invention are flat substrates, the application of lens raster alternating images can be integrated into conventional printing processes. For example, a sheet printed in any printing method can additionally receive a logo in the form of a lens raster alternating image

Embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims

The lenticular grid can be produced as an array of dome-shaped or sphanic lenses or as an array of cylindrical lens-shaped strips and, in combination with concentric or strip-shaped graphic patterns, can produce a multitude of optical effects when viewed from different viewing directions corresponding to the explanations for FIG. 1 in the introduction and thus generate a lenticular alternating image that appears in different colors from different viewing directions. Such an effect can be used as a security feature on tickets or other value documents that can be verified without aids

With the manufacturing method according to the invention, lenticular alternating images can be applied to any surface by applying the graphic pattern and the transparent, liquid material that forms the lenticule after solidification directly on top of an object

As an alternative to an inkjet printhead, other reproduction methods can also be used to generate the graphic patterns. For example, the graphic patterns can also be realized by a thermal printhead arranged in an exact position relative to the lens raster inkjet printhead or by an exposure head

The subject matter of the present invention results not only from the subject matter of the individual patent claims, but also from the combination of the individual patent claims with one another All of the information and features disclosed in the documents, including the summary, in particular the spatial design shown in the drawings, are claimed to be essential to the invention insofar as they are new to the prior art, individually or in combination Here, from the drawings and their description, further features and advantages of the invention that are essential to the invention emerge

Show it

Figure 1 Structure and operating principle of a lenticular interchangeable image based on cylindrical lens-shaped strips

Figure 2 Structure and principle of operation of a lenticular interchangeable image based on dome-shaped lenses

FIG. 3 When the lenticular grid interchangeable image according to FIG. 2 is viewed vertically, FIG. 4 shows the production of interchangeable lenticular images

Apply a graphic pattern to a transparent substrate

Figure 5 Production of lenticular grid alternating images

Applying a transparent, liquid substance in a defined position relative to the graphic pattern. FIG. 6 Lenticular alternating image

Fixed, refractive, transparent bodies in the defined position above the graphic pattern

Figure 7 basic shapes for the graphic patterns and the refractive surfaces

Figure 8 Further basic shapes for the graphic patterns and the refractive surfaces

Figure 9 Combination of stripe-shaped graphic patterns and a cylindrical lens-shaped refractive surface

FIG. 10 combination of several cylindrical lens-shaped, heart-breaking surfaces with stripe-shaped graphic patterns F Fiigguurr 1111 combination of radial-symmetrical, graphic patterns and a dome-shaped, light-refracting surface

Figure 12 Device for the production of lens grid alternating images with inkjet nozzles

FIG. 13 Device for producing lens raster alternating images with rigidly connected inkjet arrays F Fiigguurr 1144 Device for one-sided application of lens raster alternating images

FIG. 15 Device for applying lens raster alternating images to conventionally printed products FIG. 4 shows the first process step for the production of lens grid alternating images, the application of graphic patterns 3 on side 1 of a substrate 2. Circular points 3 are shown as an example of the graphic patterns

FIG. 5 shows the second method step, the application of a transparent, liquid substance 5 in a defined position relative to the graphic patterns 3 on the side 4 of the substrate 2. In FIG. 5, this relative position was defined by the desired alternating image effect the position over the center points of the circular points 3 is selected

FIG. 6 shows the result of the process after the transparent, liquid substance 5 has solidified. Due to the surface tension, the transparent, liquid substance 5 has deformed into domes 6, which center over the circular points 3 and form light-refracting surfaces. The details of the dome shape and its radius of curvature and sizes depend on the properties of the substance 5, on the properties of the substrate surface 4 and on the solidification conditions. FIGS. 7 and 8 show possible basic shapes 12, 13, 14 for graphic patterns, as well as basic shapes 8, 10 of the solidified liquid substance 5 Basic shapes can be easily produced, for example, with inkjet print heads that are moved relative to the substrate 2, by droplets or continuous dye or material streams being applied to the substrate. Of course, in addition to the inkjet technology, other reproduction processes are also suitable for producing the graphic patterns

A wide variety of lenticular alternating images can be realized from the basic shapes shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. Examples are shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 7-11. The strip-shaped graphic patterns of FIGS. 9 and 10 can each be single-color or consist of rastered partial graphics which 1, as explained in the introduction, from different viewing directions to form different planar images. The color areas 21 ac can be created, for example, with three inkjet nozzles which drop droplets of different sizes one after the other onto the same point. First, point 21 a and then the points 21 b and 21 c generated with decreasing droplet volume

The differently colored areas 21, ie can be emitted onto the substrate simultaneously, for example, by a nozzle array consisting of five inkjet nozzles. Viewed at the corresponding angles Θ and φ through the light-refracting surface 23, this structure appears in five different colors. FIG. 12 shows a preferred one Embodiment of a device for realizing the manufacturing process for lenticular alternating images

An inkjet nozzle 26 generates the graphic patterns 3 on the underside 1 of a transparent substrate 2, which is continuously transported in the direction 40

On the other side and in the direction of movement 40 behind the nozzle 26, the nozzle 27 is arranged, which dispenses droplets of a liquid, transparent substance 28 on the upper side 4 of the substrate 2. The fixed nozzles 26 and 27 are synchronized so that the substance 28 is, for example, direct strikes the substrate 2 above the point 3b so that the light-refractive dome formed during the solidification lies directly above the point 3b. The nozzles 26 and 27 can also lie directly opposite one another and be synchronized in such a way that the droplets emitted by both nozzles affect the substrate 2nd Achieve at the same time Such an arrangement would be insensitive to variations in substrate speed 40

Of course, any other combinations of nozzle movements 30 and 31 and substrate movement 32 are also possible. For example, a print head consisting of 26 and 27 can also move transversely to the stationary substrate, which after each

Line is transported a certain length It is only essential for the invention that all movements 30, 31 and 32 as well as the times of delivery of the substances through the inkjet nozzles 26 and 27 are synchronized in such a way that the graphic patterns and the refractive surfaces are exactly in the optical concept of the lenticular screen. Alternating predetermined position relative to one another can be realized in the simplest way with nozzles 26 and 27 which are rigidly connected to one another and opposite one another

For the production of large-area and colored lenticular alternating images, it is expedient to combine several nozzles into arrays. An example is shown in FIG. 13, where each strip 34 of the graphic pattern is produced by 6 nozzles 33 combined to form an array 35 in the depth of the figure 13 could be further nozzles or nozzle arrays, which, for example, generate the basic colors of a color image. Corresponding arrangements are known from inkjet printing technology. The nozzles 36 for generating the lens array 37 are also advantageously combined to form inkjet arrays 38. 39 provides the expediently rigid connection of the two Nozzle arrays

The "phase change" substances known from inkjet technology, which are in a solid state of aggregation, are particularly suitable as a transparent liquid after they have solidified. "Phase change" substances are liquefied by heating just before a droplet is fired Immediately After striking the substrate, they solidify into dome-shaped bodies.The rapid solidification on the substrate means that the formation of the lenticular dome cannot be disturbed by disturbances during the solidification process.The rate of solidification can be regulated by cooling the substrate and regulating the droplet size and temperature Physically drying substances can also be used as transparent liquids for the production of the lenticular grid. The course of the drying process can be regulated by parameters such as temperature, ambient pressure and others

Substances or mixtures of substances that polymerize, possibly under the influence of radiation or other physical or chemical processes, are also suitable. Such substances are available in a wide variety in single or multi-component form

For reproducible lenticular screens, flat substrate surfaces are advantageous, so that the lenticular grid forming liquids reproducibly dissolve during the solidification on the surface. Rough substrates such as papers should be smoothed with filler coatings before the application of lenticular screen alternating images Coat uneven surfaces with reproducibly curved lens grids

Polymer films, transparent papers, glasses, crystals, etc. are suitable as transparent substrates. The terms "transparency", "graphic pattern" or "color" are not otherwise to be understood as being restricted to the visible spectral range. For example, lens grids that can be detected with infrared detectors are also to be understood. Alternating images can be realized, the substrates of which must be transparent in the infrared, but not necessarily in the visible. The graphic patterns of such lenticular alternating images can also be “invisible”. Such lenticular alternating images are suitable, for example, as hidden security features FIG. 14 illustrates that lenticular alternating images can also be applied to any surface, including non-transparent surfaces, by stacking the graphic patterns 45 and the light-refracting surfaces 44 on top of one another However, changing the direction of viewing is restricted

The distance of the curved, refractive surfaces from the graphic pattern can, however, be increased by increasing the outflow quantity of the substance 44 in the case of a nozzle array, whereby a transparent base layer with modulated, curved refractive surfaces is formed

Figure 15 shows an example of a device with which a transparent, sheet-shaped substrate 2 is first printed on the back in a conventional printing process with an illustrated printing roller 53 and 55, the counter-pressure roller represent the inking unit for the printing roller 53, 56 regulates the web tension of the Substrate 2 rolling off roll 57 and rolled up onto roll 58 After printing on the reverse side, substrate 2 passes through a device for partial application of a lenticular interchangeable image. The module consists of the 39 inkjet arrays 35 and 38 which are rigidly connected to one another and is in line with the in FIG. 13 explained device identically. Then the back is overprinted by a printing device 59 with a background color 60, so that the information printed by printing roller 53 becomes visible against a background in color 60. In addition, the substrate 2 is in parts with an alternating lenticular image provided self ve Of course, the printing of a background color 60 can also be omitted, so that the printed product contains printing information on a clear background and a lenticular screen change image. In this way, so-called "no label look" labels for packaging can be provided with lenticular screen change images. These are "no label look" labels Labels printed on clear substrates, which, when applied to clear containers, give the impression that the printing information would be printed directly on the container. The process can also be carried out with printed sheets or with rigid media and printing plates, for example for printing on the inner, transparent sector of blank CDs or of CD, MC or MD packaging can be used

With the proposed methods and devices, lenticular alternating images can also be partially applied to a transparent substrate, which is later laminated cold or hot onto a printed product. When laminating, it should be noted that the light-refracting surfaces are not deformed by the pressure or temperature that occurs during laminating Instead of inkjet nozzles or inkjet nozzle arrays, the graphic patterns can also be produced with other reproduction processes. The only essential thing for the invention is that the positions of the reproduction results exactly match the positions of the transparent, liquid material that, after solidification, the curved, refractive surfaces forms, let synchronize

The easiest way to achieve this is when the inkjet nozzles for applying the refractive surfaces and the device for reproducing the graphic information are rigidly connected to one another as short as possible. In addition, both must have sufficiently short response times and constant delays between the control pulse and the reproduction result

For example, exposures based on lasers or thermal light sources, laser or thermally induced material coloring or transfers, and electrostatic or electrophotographic printing processes are also suitable for generating graphic patterns

Laser-induced coloring of the material can also occur in the depth of the transparent substrate

2 can be realized, which protects the graphic patterns from damage or manipulation

Reproduction processes that require thermal energy must be arranged in such a way that the light-refractive surfaces are not affected by the resulting heat, and any necessary development or burn-in processes for exposure or electrical printing processes must not damage the lenticular grid

Claims

1. A method for producing lenticular interchangeable images characterized in that

(a) that graphic patterns (3) are generated on the surface (1) of a transparent substrate (2) (b) that on the opposite surface (4) of the substrate (2) in a defined position relative to the graphic patterns (3) a transparent, liquid substance (5) is applied

(c) the transparent, liquid substance (5) solidifies on the surface (4) and forms bodies (6) with curved, refractive surfaces (7),

(d) which are in the defined position relative to the graphic patterns (3).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the solidification of the transparent, liquid substance (5) (a) by solidification or

(b) by a drying process or

(c) by polymerizing.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in

(a) a transparent, liquid substance (8) is applied in line or line segment form on the surface (4) and

(b) after solidification, forms strips (8) with curved, refractive surfaces (9).

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in

(a) that a transparent, liquid substance (10) is applied in a punctiform manner on the surface (4) and

(b) after solidification forms domes (10) with curved, refractive surfaces (11).

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the graphic patterns on the surface (1)

(a) as lines (12) or

(b) as line segments (13) or

(c) are executed as points (14).

6. The method according to claims 3 and 5, characterized in

(a) that the surface (1) of the transparent substrate (2) is divided into strip-shaped webs (15) onto which graphic patterns (16) are applied (b) that on the surface (4) is a transparent and liquid substance (17 ) is applied in strips in a defined position relative to the graphic patterns (16)

(c) the transparent, liquid substance (17) solidifies on the surface (4) and forms a curved, refractive surface (18),

(d) which is in the defined position relative to the graphic patterns (16).

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in

(a) that has several curved, refractive surfaces (19) on the surface (4)

(b) with graphic patterns (20) underneath on the surface (1)

(c) placed side by side.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the graphic patterns (20 a) or (20 b) or (20 c) are strip-shaped parts of different images, which when viewing the lenticular

Alternating images become visible from different perspectives.

9. The method according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in

(a) the graphic pattern (21) is applied to the surface (1) of the transparent substrate (2)

(b) a transparent and liquid substance (22) is applied to the surface (4) in a defined position relative to the graphic patterns (21)

(c) the transparent, liquid substance (22) solidifies on the surface (4) and forms curved, refractive surfaces (23),

(d) which are in the defined position relative to the graphic patterns (21).

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that on the surface (2) a plurality of curved light-refracting surfaces (24) with underlying graphic patterns (25) are arranged side by side.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the graphic patterns (25) result in the observation of the lenticular interchangeable image from different observation directions related images.

12. A method for producing lenticular alternating images characterized in that

(a) that graphic patterns are generated on a surface

(b) a transparent and liquid substance is applied over the graphic pattern in a defined position relative to the graphic patterns (c) the transparent, liquid substance solidifies and forms curved, refractive surfaces,

(d) which are in defined relative positions above the graphic patterns.

13. Device for producing lenticular alternating images,

(a) consisting of at least one inkjet nozzle (26) with which the graphic patterns (3) are applied to the surface (1) of the substrate (2) in an inkjet process (b) consisting of at least one inkjet nozzle (27) with which a transparent, liquid substance (28) is applied to the surface (4) in an inkjet process

(c) consisting of a device for realizing a relative movement between the substrate (2) and the nozzles (26) and (27) (d) consisting of a control device which detects the movement (30), (31) of the

Nozzles (26) and (27), the movement (32) of the substrate (2) and the times of the ejection of the paint (3) and the transparent liquid substance (28) are synchronized,

(e) that the colored areas (3) and the refractive surfaces (29) lie in a defined relative position to one another.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the inkjet nozzles (26) or (27)

(a) Eject individual droplets electronically controlled

(b) eject a continuous stream of droplets and prevent unnecessary drops from reaching the substrate (2).

15. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in

(a) that the inkjet nozzles (26) or (27) emit continuous liquid flows,

(b) which can be switched on and off.

16. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the volume of the ink droplets ejected from the inkjet nozzles can be regulated.

17. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the outflow of the continuous liquid flows can be regulated.

18. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the nozzles (33) for applying the graphic pattern (34) are combined to form at least one nozzle array (35).

19. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the nozzles (36) for applying the transparent, liquid substance (37) are combined to form at least one nozzle array (38).

20. The apparatus according to claim 13 or 18 or 19, characterized in that the nozzles or nozzle arrays (33) or (35) with the nozzles or nozzle arrays (36) or (38) by a mechanical connection (39) rigidly together are connected.

21. The device according to claim 13, characterized in

(a) that the substrate (2) is moved in direction (40)

(b) that the nozzles (26) and (27) are arranged on a line parallel to the direction of movement (40) (c) and rest relative to the device.

22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in

(a) that the substrate (2) is moved in direction (40)

(b) that the nozzles (26) and (27) on the sides (1) and (4) of the substrate (2) face each other (c) and rest relative to the device.

Device according to claim 13, characterized in that instead of inkjet nozzles for the creation of the graphic patterns (3) on the surface (1) of the substrate (2):

(a) a thermal print head and a thermal printing process or (b) an electrostatic print head and an electrostatic printing process or

(c) an electrophotographic printhead and an electrophotographic printing process, or

(d) an exposure head and a photosensitive surface of the substrate or

(e) a laser head and laser-induced color changes of the surface of the substrate are used

Device according to claims 13 and 23, characterized in that the devices (41) for generating the graphic patterns (45) and the inkjet nozzles (42) with which the transparent, liquid substance (44) is applied to the surface which is no longer necessary (43) is applied, are arranged on the same side of this surface.