WO1999038516A1 - Neurotrophic properties of ipgs and ipg analogues - Google Patents
Neurotrophic properties of ipgs and ipg analogues Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999038516A1 WO1999038516A1 PCT/GB1998/003847 GB9803847W WO9938516A1 WO 1999038516 A1 WO1999038516 A1 WO 1999038516A1 GB 9803847 W GB9803847 W GB 9803847W WO 9938516 A1 WO9938516 A1 WO 9938516A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ipg
- inositol
- type
- analogue
- chiro
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7028—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages
- A61K31/7034—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/7048—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the neurotrophic properties of inositolphosphoglycans (IPGs) and IPG analogues, and in particular to the findings that P-type IPGs or chiro-inositol containing IPG analogues promote neurite growth, and A- type IPGs or myo-inositol containing IPG analogues promote neuron proliferation.
- IPGs inositolphosphoglycans
- IPG analogues inositolphosphoglycans
- IPG inositol phosphoglycan
- GPI glycosyl phosphatidylinositol
- IPGs mediate the action of a large number of growth factors including insulin, nerve growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) , fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor ⁇ , the action of IL-2 on B-cells and T-cells, ACTH signalling of adrenocortical cells, IgE, FSH and hCG stimulation of granulosa cells, thyrotropin stimulation of thyroid cells, cell proliferation in the early developing ear and rat mammary gland.
- IGF-I insulin-like growth factor I
- fibroblast growth factor transforming growth factor ⁇
- ACTH signalling of adrenocortical cells IgE, FSH and hCG stimulation of granulosa cells
- thyrotropin stimulation of thyroid cells cell proliferation in the early developing ear and rat mammary gland.
- Soluble IPG fractions have been obtained from a variety of animal tissues including rat tissues (liver, kidney, muscle brain, adipose, heart) and bovine liver. IPG biological activity has also been detected in malaria parasitized RBC and mycobacteria. We have divided the family of IPG second messengers into distinct A and P- type subfamilies on the basis of their biological activities. In the rat, release of the A- and P-type mediators has been shown to be tissue-specific (Kunjara et al , 1995 ) .
- W098/11116 and W098/11117 disclose the purification, isolation and characterisation of P and A- type IPGs from human tissue. Prior to these applications, it had not been possible to isolate single components from the tissue derived IPG fractions, much less in sufficient quantities to allow structural characterisation. Accordingly, while some prior art studies describe the biological activities of the IPG containing fractions, speculation as to the identity of the active components from non-human sources of the fractions were based on indirect evidence from metabolic labelling and cleavage techniques .
- IGF-I together with the nerve growth factor family of neurotrophins have been shown to control growth and differentiation in the developing inner ear. It has also been shown that fractions containing A-type mediators can stimulate cell proliferation in chick cochleovestibular ganglia (CVG) .
- CVG chick cochleovestibular ganglia
- the vertebrate inner ear develops from the embryonic otic vesicle. This is a transient structure that undergoes a distinct period of cell proliferation that precedes the differentiation of the various cell types that populate the adult ear.
- the cochleovestibular ganglion develops pari pasu with the formation of the otic vesicle. It originates from the otic placode and contains the afferent neurones that connect the sensory epithelium of the inner ear to the central nervous system.
- the present invention is based on the finding that inositolphosphoglycans (IPGs) or inositol -containing IPG analogues can be used to specifically cause neuron proliferation or neuron differentiation, and in particular neurite outgrowth.
- IPGs inositolphosphoglycans
- IPG analogues can be used to specifically cause neuron proliferation or neuron differentiation, and in particular neurite outgrowth.
- Neurite outgrowth is the phenomenon by which neurons develop processes (axons or dendrites) from their cell bodies.
- neuron proliferation is the process by which neurons increase in number by cell division.
- the experiments leading to the present invention investigated the neurotrophic effects of two types of inositol phosphoglycan preparations (type-A and type-P) from rat liver, and their biological effects in comparison with those of insulin- like growth factor- I in organotypic cultures of chicken embryo cochleovestibular ganglion (CVG) .
- Proliferative biological effects were stimulated by either an inositol phosphoglycan type-A or a myo- inositol -containing inositol phosphoglycan analogue, as measured by thymidine incorporation and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression (PCNA) .
- PCNA proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression
- the present invention provides the use of a P-type inositolphosphoglycan (IPG) or a chiro- inositol containing IPG analogue in the preparation of a medicament for promoting neurite growth.
- IPG P-type inositolphosphoglycan
- chiro- inositol containing IPG analogue in the preparation of a medicament for promoting neurite growth.
- the P-type IPGs can be obtained using the methods described in Caro et al, 1997.
- the chiro- inositol containing IPG analogue used in the experiments below (referred to as compound C4) can be made according to the synthesis described in Jaramillo et al, 1994.
- the present invention provides a method for promoting neurite growth, the method comprising exposing neurons to a P-type IPG or a chiro- inositol containing IPG analogue. The method is applicable both in vitro or in vivo.
- the present invention provides the use of an A- type inositolphosphoglycan (IPG) or a myo- inositol containing IPG analogue in the preparation of a medicament for promoting neuron proliferation.
- IPG A- type inositolphosphoglycan
- myo- inositol containing IPG analogue in the preparation of a medicament for promoting neuron proliferation.
- the A-type IPGs can be obtained using the methods described in Caro et al, 1997.
- the myo- inositol containing IPG analogue used in the experiments below (referred to as compound C3) can be made according to the synthesis described in Zapata et al, 1994, and Jaramillo et al, 1994.
- the present invention provides a method for promoting neuron proliferation, the method comprising exposing neurons to an A-type IPG or a myo- inositol containing IPG analogue.
- the method is applicable both in vitro or in vivo.
- the above compounds have applications in the prophylactic or therapeutic treatment of any conditions where neurite growth or neuron proliferation are required.
- the neurons may be central (brain and spinal cord) neurons, peripheral (sympathetic, parasympathetic, sensory and enteric) neurons, or motor neurons.
- Compositions comprising one or more of the above compounds can be used in the treatment of damage to the nervous system, motor neuron disease, neurodegenerative disorders or neuropathy.
- the pharmaceutical uses and formulation of the compounds is discussed in more detail below.
- Figure 1 Effect of purified and chemically synthesised inositol phosphoglycans on CVG proliferation.
- Figure 2 Stimulation of neurite outgrowth by chiro- inositol phosphoglycans in CVG.
- A-type mediators modulate the activity of a number of insulin-dependent enzymes such as cAMP dependent protein kinase (inhibits) , adenylate cyclase (inhibits) and cAMP phospho-diesterases
- A-type mediators mimic the lipogenic activity of insulin on adipocytes
- P-type mediators mimic the glycogenic activity of insulin on muscle.
- Both A-and P-type mediators are mitogenic when added to fibroblasts in serum free media. The ability of the mediators to stimulate fibroblast proliferation is enhanced if the cells are transfected with the EGF -receptor.
- A-type mediators can stimulate cell proliferation in the chick cochleovestibular ganglia.
- Soluble IPG fractions having A-type and P-type activity have been obtained from a variety of animal tissues including rat tissues (liver, kidney, muscle brain, adipose, heart) and bovine liver.
- A- and P-type IPG biological activity has also been detected in human liver and placenta, malaria parasitized RBC and mycobacteria.
- the ability of an anti-inositolglycan antibody to inhibit insulin action on human placental cytotrophoblasts and BC3H1 myocytes or bovine-derived IPG action on rat diaphragm and chick cochleovestibular ganglia suggests cross -species conservation of many structural features.
- the prior art includes these reports of A- and P-type IPG activity in some biological fractions, the purification or characterisation of the agents responsible for the activity is not disclosed.
- A-type substances are cyclitol-containing carbohydrates, also containing Zn 2+ ion and optionally phosphate and having the properties of regulating lipogenic activity and inhibiting cAMP dependent protein kinase. They may also inhibit adenylate cyclase, be mitogenic when added to EGF-transfeeted fibroblasts in serum free medium, and stimulate lipogenesis in adipocytes.
- P-type substances are cyclitol -containing carbohydrates, also containing Mn 2+ and/or Zn 2+ ions and optionally phosphate and having the properties of regulating glycogen metabolism and activating pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase. They may also stimulate the activity of glycogen synthase phosphatase, be mitogenic when added to fibroblasts in serum free medium, and stimulate pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase.
- the present invention also relates to inositol -containing IPG analogues, prepared using synthetic organic chemistry methods.
- compound C3 ID- 6-0- (2-amino-2-deoxy- ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl) -myo- inositol 1,2- (cyclic phosphate)
- Zapata et al, 1994 Compound C4, 1D-6 -0- (2 -amino-2 - deoxy- -D-glucopyranosyl) -chiro-inositol 1-phosphate can be synthesised as described in Jaramillo et al, 1994.
- the mediators and analogues of the invention can be formulated in pharmaceutical compositions.
- These compositions may comprise, in addition to one or more of the mediators, a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier, buffer, stabiliser or other materials well known to those skilled in the art. Such materials should be non- toxic and should not interfere with the efficacy of the active ingredient.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient e.g. oral, intravenous, cutaneous or subcutaneous, nasal, intramuscular, intraperitoneal routes .
- compositions for oral administration may be in tablet, capsule, powder or liquid form.
- a tablet may include a solid carrier such as gelatin or an adjuvant.
- Liquid pharmaceutical compositions generally include a liquid carrier such as water, petroleum, animal or vegetable oils, mineral oil or synthetic oil. Physiological saline solution, dextrose or other saccharide solution or glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol may be included.
- the active ingredient will be in the form of a parenterally acceptable aqueous solution which is pyrogen-free and has suitable pH, isotonicity and stability.
- a parenterally acceptable aqueous solution which is pyrogen-free and has suitable pH, isotonicity and stability.
- isotonic vehicles such as sodium chloride injection, Ringer's injection, lactated Ringer's injection.
- Preservatives, stabilisers, buffers, antioxidants and/or other additives may be included, as required.
- the pharmaceutically useful compound according to the present invention is given to an individual in a "prophylactically effective amount” or a “therapeutically effective amount” (as the case may be, although prophylaxis may be considered therapy) , this being sufficient to show benefit to the individual.
- a therapeutically useful amount of neurite growth or neuron proliferation, or the prevention of a useful amount of neuron damage.
- the actual amount of the compounds administered, and rate and time-course of administration, will depend on the nature and severity of the condition being treated. Prescription of treatment, e.g.
- the IPGs and IPG analogues can be used in the treatment of all conditions where neurite growth or neuron proliferation are required.
- the neurons may be central (brain and spinal cord) neurons, peripheral (sympathetic, parasympathetic, sensory and enteric) neurons, or motor neurons.
- Compositions comprising one or more of the above compounds can be used in the treatment of damage to the nervous system, motor neuron disease, neurodegenerative disorders or neuropathy. Damage to the nervous system includes the result of trauma, stroke, surgery, infection (e.g. by viral agents), ischemia, metabolic disease, toxic agents, or a combination of these or similar causes.
- Motor neuron conditions include conditions involving spinal muscular atrophy, paralysis or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
- Neurodegenerative disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Huntingdon's chorea and Meniere's disease.
- Candidate synthetic compounds can tested using the assays disclosed herein, or similar assays, to determine whether the analogues have the property of causing neurite outgrowth or neuron proliferation. Such testing may include the use of IGF-I or compounds C3 or C4 as positive controls and/or an unrelated factor as a negative control.
- the method involves exposing a culture including neurons to the candidate compound and determining whether neuron proliferation or differentiation occurs. The results of such assays can then be used to select candidate compounds with the 11 desired property, and optionally that property at a magnitude indicating that it could be suitable for further testing as a lead compound.
- the designing of mimetics to a known pharmaceutically active compound is a known approach to the development of pharmaceuticals based on a lead compound. This might be desirable where the active compound is difficult or expensive to synthesise or where it is unsuitable for a particular method of administration, eg peptides are unsuitable active agents for oral compositions as they tend to be quickly degraded by proteases in the alimentary canal.
- Mimetic design, synthesis and testing is generally used to avoid randomly screening large number of molecules for a target property.
- a mimetic from a compound having a given target property There are several steps commonly taken in the design of a mimetic from a compound having a given target property. Firstly, the particular parts of the compound that are critical and/or important in determining the target property are determined. In the case of a peptide, this can be done by systematically varying the amino acid residues in the peptide, e.g. by substituting each residue in turn. These parts or residues constituting the active region of the compound are known as its pharmacophore .
- the pharmacophore Once the pharmacophore has been found, its structure is modelled to according its physical properties, eg stereochemistry, bonding, size and/or charge, using data from a range of sources, eg spectroscopic techniques, X- ray diffraction data and NMR. Computational analysis, similarity mapping (which models the charge and/or volume of a pharmacophore, rather than the bonding between atoms) and other techniques can be used in this modelling process . 12
- the three-dimensional structure of the ligand and its binding partner are modelled. This can be especially useful where the ligand and/or binding partner change conformation on binding, allowing the model to take account of this in the design of the mimetic.
- a template molecule is then selected onto which chemical groups which mimic the pharmacophore can be grafted.
- the template molecule and the chemical groups grafted on to it can conveniently be selected so that the mimetic is easy to synthesise, is likely to be pharmacologically acceptable, and does not degrade in vivo, while retaining the biological activity of the lead compound.
- the mimetic or mimetics found by this approach can then be screened to see whether they have the target property, or to what extent they exhibit it. Further optimisation or modification can then be carried out to arrive at one or more final mimetics for in vivo or clinical testing.
- IGF-I Human insulin-like growth factor-I
- PCNA PCNA antibody
- ATOM Barcelona, Spain
- mice monoclonal anti- G4 -antibody used at a 1:5000 dilution, was a generous gift from Dr Enrique J de la Rosa (CIB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain) .
- Secondary antibodies conjugated with peroxidase were purchased from Bio-Rad (CA, USA) .
- Cell culture vessels were obtained from NUNC (Roskilde, Denmark) . All other reagents were of analytical grade or better.
- Chicken embryos were obtained from fertilised eggs (Granja Rodriguez Serrano, Salamanca, Spain) that were incubated at 38°C in a humidified atmosphere. The embryos were staged according to Hamburger and Hamilton criteria, see Hamburger et al, 1951. Chicken embryos
- CVGs were aseptically dissected as previously described in Bernd et al, (1989). Explanted CVGs were cultured in four-well multidishes coated with a substrate of collagen G (Biochrom, Berlin, Germany) prepared according to the manufacturer's procedure.
- culture medium was Fl2/Dulbecco' s modified Eagle medium (Biochrom, Berlin, Germany) containing lOO ⁇ g/ml transferrin, 16 ⁇ g/ml putrescine, 6 ng/ml progesterone, 5.2 ng/ml sodium selenite (all from Sigma, 50 IU/ml penicillin and 50 ⁇ g/ml streptomycin (Biochrom, Berlin, Germany) .
- CVG explants were cultured in control medium or medium containing test substances for 24 hours before photographs were taken using a Nikon TMS microscope equipped with a Nikon HFX-DX camera.
- CVG explants were cultured in medium containing [ 3 H] thymidine (0.2 mM, 10 ⁇ Ci/ml) during 24 hours.
- IPG types -A and -P were prepared from rat liver according to Nestler et al, 1991, with minor modifications Caro et al, 1997. IPG type-A was further purified using C18 reverse-phase chromatography. Briefly, IPG type-A was resuspended in 200 ⁇ l distilled water before loading onto a C18 reverse - phase cartridge (Waters, MA, USA) which had been previously washed with methanol (5 ml) and distilled water (10 ml) .
- IPG type-P was also subject to an additional purification step. This involved resuspending in 200 ⁇ l of butanol/ethanol water (4/1/1,v/v/v) before loading onto a cellulose column (1 ml bed volume) equilibrated with the above solvent mixture. The run through was followed by a 4 ml wash with the same solvent mixture. After washing with methanol (4 mis) , the column was eluted with distilled water (4 mis) . This latter fraction was lyophilised twice. Both types of IPG were stored at -70°C until used. For analyses, aliquots of each type of mediator were made by dissolving the amount of material obtained from 18g (wet weight) of tissue in 200 ⁇ l of Hank's solution (stock) and adjusted to pH 7.0 with 1 M KOH.
- CVG explants were homogenised in sodium dodecyl sulphate- 15 polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) sample buffer with 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride and then frozen immediately. Gels were loaded with solutions containing equal amounts of proteins, typically two CVGs per condition. CVG proteins were resolved using 6% SDS- PAGE before being electrophoretically transferred onto PVDF membranes (Dupont-NEN,MA, USA) . Filters were blocked with Tris -buffered saline containing 5% (wt/vol) non-fat dried milk and incubated with the primary specific antibody.
- SDS-PAGE polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- Freshly dissociated cell populations enriched in small cerebellar neurons were prepared from 5- to 7 -day-old ICR mice (Schnitzer and Schachner, 1981; Keilhauer et al, 1985) . Cells were plated at a concentration of 2 x 10 6 cells/ml onto glass coverslips in serum- free, hormone -supplemented medium (Fischer et al, 1986) containing 25 mM Hepes (50 ⁇ l per 16 -mm diameter coverslip) .
- Coverslips were coated either with poly-L- lysine (10 ⁇ g/ml H 2 0) or laminin from Engelbreth-Holm- Swarm sarcoma (Boehringer Mannheim Corp.; 20 ⁇ g/ml in basal medium Eagle's). Three coverslips were then placed in 35 -mm diameter tissue culture plastic Petri dishes (Nunc) . The medium was removed by gentle suction 3-4h after plating of cells on laminin or 20h after plating of cells on poly-L-lysine. The IPG or IPG analogues were then added in 50 ⁇ l medium per coverslip. Cultures were examined 24 and 48h later by phase contrast microscopy. 16
- PCNA proliferating-cell nuclear antigen
- FIG. 2A illustrates one of these experiments in which ganglia were incubated in control medium (OS) or with IGF-I. Although a low rate of spontaneous neurite outgrowth was present in control ganglia, the number of neurites was far more abundant in IGF-I- treated ganglia.
- OS control medium
- IGF-I IGF-I
- FIG. 2 illustrates the differential effects of IGF-I and IPG type A and C3 on G4 expression. IGF-I strongly induced G4 whereas IPG type-A and C3 did not ( Figure 2A) . In contrast, both IPG type-P and C4 promoted extensive neurite outgrowth
- Figure 2A illustrates the immunodetection by Western blotting of the G4 epitope in explanted ganglia incubated with medium only (OS) or with InM IGF-I and revealed that IGF- I was the strongest agent to stimulate the expression of G4 (almost a three- fold increase over control levels) .
- This increase in G4 expression was mimicked, albeit to a lesser degree, by IPG type-P and by C4. No significant increases were observed using IPG type-A nor by using C3 , consistent with the results in panel A. Average values from different experiments are shown in the histogram presented in Figure 2B.
- the CVG is formed by the migration of neuroblasts from the otic vesicle.
- stage 20 The process is completed by stage 20 and parallelled by an intense mitogenic activity that generates terminal neuroblasts.
- Proliferation of the CVG is under the control of neurotrophic factors and is strongly stimulated by phospholipase C-generated IPG (i.e. containing a 1,2 cyclic phosphate) and IGF-I.
- IGF-I displays a distinct differentiative effect. It promotes neurite outgrowth and expression of the neuronal differentiation marker G4.
- the chicken G4 antigen is a calcium- independent cell -cell adhesion molecule that is related to the mouse Ll group of antigens which are functionally involved in axon bundle formation. An increase in G4 expression is associated with the differentiation of neural precursors in the chicken retina.
- IGF-I but not other mitogens such as IPG type-A or NGF, was able to strongly induce G4.
- the CVG comprises a variety of cell types
- IPGs and IPG analogues in pure neuron cell culture.
- the neurons show significantly reduced levels of neurite outgrowth.
- A-type IPG or a myo-inositol containing IPG analogue
- P- type IPG or a chiro-inositol containing IPG analogue
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000529249A JP2002501899A (en) | 1998-01-29 | 1998-12-21 | Neurotrophic properties of IPGs and IPG analogs |
AU17708/99A AU1770899A (en) | 1998-01-29 | 1998-12-21 | Neurotrophic properties of ipgs and ipg analogues |
CA002318584A CA2318584A1 (en) | 1998-01-29 | 1998-12-21 | Neurotrophic properties of ipgs and ipg analogues |
EP98962574A EP1064003A1 (en) | 1998-01-29 | 1998-12-21 | Neurotrophic properties of ipgs and ipg analogues |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB9801899.7A GB9801899D0 (en) | 1998-01-29 | 1998-01-29 | Neurotrophic properties of ipgs analogues |
GB9801899.7 | 1998-01-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999038516A1 true WO1999038516A1 (en) | 1999-08-05 |
Family
ID=10826101
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1998/003847 WO1999038516A1 (en) | 1998-01-29 | 1998-12-21 | Neurotrophic properties of ipgs and ipg analogues |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1064003A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002501899A (en) |
AU (1) | AU1770899A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2318584A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB9801899D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999038516A1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001085746A1 (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-15 | Rodaris Pharmaceuticals Limited | Inositol phosphoglycan derivatives and their medical uses |
WO2001085745A1 (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-15 | Rodaris Pharmaceuticals Limited | Inositol phosphoglycan derivatives and their medical uses |
FR2835527A1 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2003-08-08 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | SYNTHESIS OF GLYCAN INOSITOLPHOSPHATE-LIKE MOLECULES: TREATMENT OF CELL PROLIFERATION AND METABOLIC DISORDERS CHARACTERIZED BY INSULIN RESISTANCE |
US6716826B2 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2004-04-06 | Rodaris Pharmaceuticals Limited | Compounds and their uses |
US6759390B2 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2004-07-06 | Manuel Martin-Lomas | Compounds and their uses |
US6939857B2 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2005-09-06 | Rodaris Pharmaceuticals Limited | Compounds and their uses |
US6953781B2 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2005-10-11 | Rodaris Pharmaceuticals Limited | Compounds and their uses |
WO2008080064A1 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-07-03 | Trustees Of Tufts College | Synthetic lipophilic inositol glycans for treatment of cancer and glucose-metabolism disorders |
WO2008124929A1 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-23 | Joanne Mclaurin | USE OF CYCLOHEXANEHEXOL DERIVATIVES IN THE TREATMENT OF α-SYNUCLEINOPATHIES |
US8859628B2 (en) | 2003-02-27 | 2014-10-14 | JoAnne McLaurin | Method for preventing, treating and diagnosing disorders of protein aggregation |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1991006301A1 (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1991-05-16 | Depha Team S.R.L. | L-alpha-glycerophosphoryl-d-myo-inositol for the treatment of peripheral neuropathies and of cerebropathies |
WO1998011117A1 (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 1998-03-19 | Rademacher Group Limited | Cyclitol containing carbohydrates from human tissue which regulate glycogen metabolism |
WO1998011116A1 (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 1998-03-19 | Rademacher Group Limited | Cyclitol containing carbohydrates from human tissue which regulate lipogenic activity |
WO1998011435A1 (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 1998-03-19 | Rademacher Group Limited | Materials and methods relating to the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and obesity |
WO1998010791A1 (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 1998-03-19 | Rademacher Group Limited | Materials and methods relating to the diagnosis and treatment of pre-eclampsia and diabetes |
-
1998
- 1998-01-29 GB GBGB9801899.7A patent/GB9801899D0/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-12-21 EP EP98962574A patent/EP1064003A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-12-21 CA CA002318584A patent/CA2318584A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-12-21 WO PCT/GB1998/003847 patent/WO1999038516A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-12-21 AU AU17708/99A patent/AU1770899A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-12-21 JP JP2000529249A patent/JP2002501899A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1991006301A1 (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1991-05-16 | Depha Team S.R.L. | L-alpha-glycerophosphoryl-d-myo-inositol for the treatment of peripheral neuropathies and of cerebropathies |
WO1998011117A1 (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 1998-03-19 | Rademacher Group Limited | Cyclitol containing carbohydrates from human tissue which regulate glycogen metabolism |
WO1998011116A1 (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 1998-03-19 | Rademacher Group Limited | Cyclitol containing carbohydrates from human tissue which regulate lipogenic activity |
WO1998011435A1 (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 1998-03-19 | Rademacher Group Limited | Materials and methods relating to the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and obesity |
WO1998010791A1 (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 1998-03-19 | Rademacher Group Limited | Materials and methods relating to the diagnosis and treatment of pre-eclampsia and diabetes |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7235533B2 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2007-06-26 | Rodaris Pharmaceuticals Limited | Compounds and their uses |
US6953781B2 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2005-10-11 | Rodaris Pharmaceuticals Limited | Compounds and their uses |
US6939857B2 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2005-09-06 | Rodaris Pharmaceuticals Limited | Compounds and their uses |
WO2001085746A1 (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-15 | Rodaris Pharmaceuticals Limited | Inositol phosphoglycan derivatives and their medical uses |
US6759390B2 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2004-07-06 | Manuel Martin-Lomas | Compounds and their uses |
US6716826B2 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2004-04-06 | Rodaris Pharmaceuticals Limited | Compounds and their uses |
WO2001085745A1 (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-15 | Rodaris Pharmaceuticals Limited | Inositol phosphoglycan derivatives and their medical uses |
WO2003066647A3 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2004-03-25 | Cnrs Ct Nat De Rech Scient | Synthesis of inositolphosphate glycan molecules: treatment of cell proliferation disorders and metabolic disorders characterized by insulin resistance |
WO2003066647A2 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2003-08-14 | (Cnrs) Centre National De Recherche Scientifique | Synthesis of inositolphosphate glycan molecules: treatment of cell proliferation disorders and metabolic disorders characterized by insulin resistance |
FR2835527A1 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2003-08-08 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | SYNTHESIS OF GLYCAN INOSITOLPHOSPHATE-LIKE MOLECULES: TREATMENT OF CELL PROLIFERATION AND METABOLIC DISORDERS CHARACTERIZED BY INSULIN RESISTANCE |
US8859628B2 (en) | 2003-02-27 | 2014-10-14 | JoAnne McLaurin | Method for preventing, treating and diagnosing disorders of protein aggregation |
US9833420B2 (en) | 2003-02-27 | 2017-12-05 | JoAnne McLaurin | Methods of preventing, treating, and diagnosing disorders of protein aggregation |
WO2008080064A1 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-07-03 | Trustees Of Tufts College | Synthetic lipophilic inositol glycans for treatment of cancer and glucose-metabolism disorders |
WO2008124929A1 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-23 | Joanne Mclaurin | USE OF CYCLOHEXANEHEXOL DERIVATIVES IN THE TREATMENT OF α-SYNUCLEINOPATHIES |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU1770899A (en) | 1999-08-16 |
JP2002501899A (en) | 2002-01-22 |
GB9801899D0 (en) | 1998-03-25 |
EP1064003A1 (en) | 2001-01-03 |
CA2318584A1 (en) | 1999-08-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Baron-Van Evercooren et al. | Fibronectin promotes rat Schwann cell growth and motility. | |
AU774289B2 (en) | The isolation and enrichment of neural stem cells from uncultured tissue based on cell-surface marker expression | |
Wu et al. | Stimulation of neurite outgrowth in neuroblastoma cells by neuraminidase: putative role of GM1 ganglioside in differentiation | |
Inatani et al. | Inhibitory effects of neurocan and phosphacan on neurite outgrowth from retinal ganglion cells in culture | |
Knudsen et al. | A role for the neural cell adhesion molecule, NCAM, in myoblast interaction during myogenesis | |
Terai et al. | Edg-8 receptors are preferentially expressed in oligodendrocyte lineage cells of the rat CNS | |
Tung et al. | Extracellular matrix promotes rat Sertoli cell histotypic expression in vitro | |
Leroith | Insulin-like growth factor receptors and binding proteins | |
Wilting et al. | A modified chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay for qualitative and quantitative study of growth factors: Studies on the effects of carriers, PBS, angiogenin, and bFGF | |
Huang et al. | Function of somite and somitocoele cells in the formation of the vertebral motion segment in avian embryos | |
Kimelberg et al. | Transmitter‐induced calcium responses differ in astrocytes acutely isolated from rat brain and in culture | |
Zhang et al. | Involvement of integrin‐linked kinase in carbon tetrachloride–induced hepatic fibrosis in rats | |
WO1999038516A1 (en) | Neurotrophic properties of ipgs and ipg analogues | |
Sharif et al. | Osteoclast-like cells in early zebrafish embryos | |
Masuko et al. | Isolation and culture of motoneurons from embryonic chicken spinal cords. | |
Panzetta et al. | Biosynthesis and expression of gangliosides during differentiation of chick embryo retina cells in vitro | |
Sumners et al. | Rat brain cells in primary culture: visualization and measurement of catecholamines | |
Halfter et al. | Axonal growth on solubilized and reconstituted matrix from the embryonic chicken retina inner limiting membrane | |
Inatani et al. | Spatiotemporal expression patterns of N-syndecan, a transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, in developing retina | |
Kimura et al. | Characterization of α1-adrenoceptors which mediate chronotropy in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes | |
Pañeda et al. | Purification and characterization of insulin-mimetic inositol phosphoglycan-like molecules from grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seeds | |
Poiana et al. | Membrane acetylcholinesterase in murine muscular dystrophy in vivo and in cultured myotubes | |
Bischoff | Rapid adhesion of nerve cells to muscle fibers from adult rats is mediated by a sialic acid-binding receptor. | |
Rao et al. | Studies of human osteoblasts in vitro: Estrogen actions and interactions with other hormones at different stages of differentiation | |
Su et al. | Proteoglycan regulation of goldfish retinal explant growth on optic tectal membranes |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2318584 Country of ref document: CA Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1998962574 Country of ref document: EP Ref document number: 17708/99 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 09601200 Country of ref document: US |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1998962574 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1998962574 Country of ref document: EP |