WO1999036757A1 - Elements de detection - Google Patents

Elements de detection Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999036757A1
WO1999036757A1 PCT/GB1999/000115 GB9900115W WO9936757A1 WO 1999036757 A1 WO1999036757 A1 WO 1999036757A1 GB 9900115 W GB9900115 W GB 9900115W WO 9936757 A1 WO9936757 A1 WO 9936757A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
sensor element
resistance
measure
electrically conductive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1999/000115
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mark Paul Norman
Original Assignee
Mark Paul Norman
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mark Paul Norman filed Critical Mark Paul Norman
Priority to AU20666/99A priority Critical patent/AU2066699A/en
Publication of WO1999036757A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999036757A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
    • G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sensor element and to sensor apparatus including such elements.
  • the invention relates to sensor elements in which variations in length, or deformation, of the element provide an output which is indicative of the degree of variation or deformation.
  • the present invention provides a sensor element comprising a body of resiliently deformable electrically conductive material, the resistance of the material itself varying in proportion to deformation of the conductive material, and electrical connection means provided at least at one end of the body of conductive material.
  • the senor element is of a generally elongate construction, with electrical connectors provided at opposing ends of the body.
  • the body of material is provided in a loop-like element with a connector at the end of each leg of the loop.
  • the legs of the loop are closely adjacent one another and separated by a suitable insulating material.
  • the material is a non-metallic material.
  • the material is a silicon based conductive rubber material.
  • the body may comprise a deformable outer tubular element that contains an electrically conductive deformable compound, such as PLAYDOH, (a registered trade mark).
  • PLAYDOH an electrically conductive deformable compound
  • the electrical connectors may be in the form of conductive clamps or a suitably electrically conductive adhesive may be used to connect the sensor element with the electrical contacts.
  • a sensor apparatus comprising such a sensor element further includes means for measuring changes in resistance across the sensor element. Processing means may be provided for relating changes in resistance to a particular parameter being sensed.
  • the sensor element is such that when deformed directly or indirectly by extension or compression forces, a related change in the resistance, that can be measured from adjoining electrical connections, is derived. It will be immediately appreciated that the measured changes in resistance can arise from extension or compression forces applied to the sensor element from or in any direction.
  • Possible measurements may relate resistance to a degree of stretch, forces, radial expansion and/or contraction, torsion and/or vibration that are applied to the sensor element.
  • a sensor apparatus may comprise two or more sensor elements, the resistance of each element being monitored independently.
  • two elements may be arranged in parallel to measure changes in the degree of curvature of an element.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a sensor element in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 illustrates the sensor element of Figure 1 with a force applied thereto
  • FIG. 3 is similar to Figure 2 but illustrates one possible modification
  • Figure 4 illustrates an alternative configuration of a sensor element in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating the relationship between length and resistance of one sensor element in accordance with the invention.
  • a sensor element generally indicated at 1 comprises a sensor body 2 in the form of an elongate element with electrical contacts 3, 4 provided at opposing ends of the sensor body.
  • the sensor body 2 is formed from a flexible material and may be easily deformed by compression or extension forces.
  • the body 2 can be made from a single material, being a flexible conductive material, either in a solid or hollow tubular form or may be formed from a flexible outer tubing that contains an electrically conductive compound that can itself be deformed.
  • the sensor body 2 may be constructed from a silicone conductive rubber.
  • the rubber has a resistance in the range of 1-10 ohms.
  • the sensor body may be in the form of a silicone rubber outer tubing with a conductive material, such as PLAYDOH (registered trade mark) comprising the conductive deformable inner compound.
  • PLAYDOH registered trade mark
  • electrical connections must make a good contact with the deformable conductive material.
  • the contacts 2, 4 may be mounted using conductive clamps, a conductive adhesive, or in any other suitable manner.
  • the sensor body may be of any convenient shape and cross-section.
  • the size and shape of the sensor body may be chosen to suit a particular application.
  • a meter or other means for measuring resistance can be attached between the electrical contacts 3 and 4 so that a measure of the resistance of the sensor body can be determined. If, as illustrated in Figure 1, there are no forces acting upon the sensor body, then a static resistance reading can be established.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the sensor element of Figure 1 , the electrical contact 3 being connected with the sensor body 2 at a connection point 5 and the electrical contact 4 being connected at a connection point 6.
  • a force F acting on either connection point 5, connection point 6 or both will cause the body to deform and the length, illustrated by the arrow L, to increase.
  • a measure of the electrical resistance measured by the meter connected with contacts 3 and 4, will provide a measure of resistance that is proportional to the new length L.
  • Figure 3 illustrates an alternative arrangement in which a supplementary biasing element, such as an extension spring 7, is provided to apply an initial stretch or lengthening to the sensor element 2.
  • the sensor By establishing the sensor body in a pre-stretched state, the sensor can be readily used to measure resistance changes resulting from compressive forces, as indicated by F 2 , applied at either of connection points 5, 6 or both. Depending upon the degree of pre-stretching applied, an arrangement as shown in Figure 3 can readily measure both extension or compression forces applied to the sensor element.
  • connection points 5, 6 does not need to be a straight line for the sensor to operate.
  • the sensor body could be looped around a cylindrical surface that is subject to expansion and contraction with the sensor fixed to the surface; expansion and contraction of the cylindrical body will result in corresponding changes to the length of the sensor body and thus enable measurements to be taken via the contacts 3, 4.
  • a sensor element is generally indicated at 8 comprising a sensor body 9 with electrical connections 10, 1 1 connected at connection points 12, 13 respectively.
  • the sensor body 9 comprises two flexible conducting elements 14, 15 spaced by an insulating element 16.
  • one end of the element 14 is connected to the electrical contact 10 at connection point 12 and one end of the element 15 is connected to the electrical contact 1 1 at connection point 13.
  • the other end of the elements 14, 15 are joined together by an electrical conductor 17.
  • the coupling, between the sensor body and the electrical connectors must be strong enough to withstand reasonable deforming forces applied to the sensor body.
  • an extension force applied directly or indirectly to the sensor body causes the body to deform such that the area (A) is reduced and the body length (L) is increased proportionally to the extension force applied.
  • a compression force applied directly or indirectly to the sensor body causes the body to deform such that the area (A) is increased and the body length is decreased proportion (L) to the compression force applied.
  • the resistivity can be determined:
  • Resistivity ⁇ RA L
  • the resistivity of the sensor body is determined by the material selected and the length L and area A are dependent upon the initial size of the sensor body and the deforming force applied.
  • the resistance R of the sensor body is proportional to the length L and area A of the sensor body.
  • the length (L) and resistance (R) are determined by the resistivity of the sensor body.
  • a sensor body with uniform resistivity would give a linear proportional relationship between R and L ( Figure 5).
  • the slope of the relationship is determined by the choice of material.
  • the sensor body returns to its original shape once external forces are removed.
  • customised resistance/deformation relationships can readily be manufactured, determined by the intended application of the sensor and that the sensor can be used to take static or dynamic measurements.
  • the senor will have a number of possible applications. As the choice of materials allows the sensor to be made in a small and light configuration and to be constructed in a relatively and simple straight forward manner, it will be attractive in a variety of applications.
  • the sensor can be used in any direction and in a wide range of o dimensions. For example, applications for the invention have already been considered in the following areas:
  • a skin tight virtual reality suit can have miniature stretch sensors attached, arranged such that body movements cause sensor extension and contraction.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de détection comprenant un corps d'un matériau conducteur électrique souple déformable. La résistance dudit matériau varie proportionnellement à la déformation du matériau conducteur. Un moyen de connexion électrique équipe au moins une extrémité du corps du matériau conducteur.
PCT/GB1999/000115 1998-01-16 1999-01-14 Elements de detection WO1999036757A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU20666/99A AU2066699A (en) 1998-01-16 1999-01-14 Sensor elements

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NZ329592 1998-01-16
NZ32959298 1998-01-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999036757A1 true WO1999036757A1 (fr) 1999-07-22

Family

ID=19926591

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1999/000115 WO1999036757A1 (fr) 1998-01-16 1999-01-14 Elements de detection

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2066699A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999036757A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001063214A1 (fr) * 2000-02-26 2001-08-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Appareil de commande pour elements electroniques incorpores dans des vetements
WO2002031434A1 (fr) * 2000-10-07 2002-04-18 Dr. Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh Dispositif pour saisir une dilatation thermique lineaire sur une partie d'une machine
WO2015126421A1 (fr) * 2014-02-24 2015-08-27 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Fixation portable de boucle de détection à fibre optique
US9512714B2 (en) 2013-12-27 2016-12-06 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Mounting bracket for strain sensor

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3719913A (en) * 1969-05-02 1973-03-06 North American Rockwell Viscous strain gage
EP0185650A1 (fr) * 1984-12-21 1986-06-25 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Tuyau flexible, en particulier tuyau flexible sous pression hydraulique
EP0359533A1 (fr) * 1988-09-14 1990-03-21 The Gates Rubber Company Limited Elément détecteur électrique
US5095756A (en) * 1988-05-19 1992-03-17 Edwards Eric F R Linear movement sensors
JPH05332707A (ja) * 1992-06-01 1993-12-14 Fuji Porimatetsuku Kk ゴム変形度の検出方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3719913A (en) * 1969-05-02 1973-03-06 North American Rockwell Viscous strain gage
EP0185650A1 (fr) * 1984-12-21 1986-06-25 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Tuyau flexible, en particulier tuyau flexible sous pression hydraulique
US5095756A (en) * 1988-05-19 1992-03-17 Edwards Eric F R Linear movement sensors
EP0359533A1 (fr) * 1988-09-14 1990-03-21 The Gates Rubber Company Limited Elément détecteur électrique
JPH05332707A (ja) * 1992-06-01 1993-12-14 Fuji Porimatetsuku Kk ゴム変形度の検出方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 159 (P - 1711) 16 March 1994 (1994-03-16) *

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6535102B2 (en) 2000-02-26 2003-03-18 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Control device for wearable electronics
US6753756B2 (en) 2000-02-26 2004-06-22 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Control device for wearable electronics
WO2001063214A1 (fr) * 2000-02-26 2001-08-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Appareil de commande pour elements electroniques incorpores dans des vetements
WO2002031434A1 (fr) * 2000-10-07 2002-04-18 Dr. Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh Dispositif pour saisir une dilatation thermique lineaire sur une partie d'une machine
US6866451B2 (en) 2000-10-07 2005-03-15 Dr. Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh Device for detecting a thermal linear dilation on part of a machine
US9512714B2 (en) 2013-12-27 2016-12-06 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Mounting bracket for strain sensor
US9932816B2 (en) 2013-12-27 2018-04-03 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Mounting bracket for strain sensor
CN106030033A (zh) * 2014-02-24 2016-10-12 哈里伯顿能源服务公司 光纤传感回路的便携式附接件
US9512711B2 (en) 2014-02-24 2016-12-06 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Portable attachment of fiber optic sensing loop
GB2539804A (en) * 2014-02-24 2016-12-28 Halliburton Energy Services Inc Portable attachment of fiber optic sensing loop
US9593569B2 (en) 2014-02-24 2017-03-14 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Portable attachment of fiber optic sensing loop
WO2015126421A1 (fr) * 2014-02-24 2015-08-27 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Fixation portable de boucle de détection à fibre optique
CN106030033B (zh) * 2014-02-24 2019-06-11 哈里伯顿能源服务公司 光纤传感回路的便携式附接件及其方法
GB2539804B (en) * 2014-02-24 2020-07-22 Halliburton Energy Services Inc Portable attachment of fiber optic sensing loop

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2066699A (en) 1999-08-02

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