WO1999036173A1 - Method for treatment of sludge from water works - Google Patents
Method for treatment of sludge from water works Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999036173A1 WO1999036173A1 PCT/SE1998/002373 SE9802373W WO9936173A1 WO 1999036173 A1 WO1999036173 A1 WO 1999036173A1 SE 9802373 W SE9802373 W SE 9802373W WO 9936173 A1 WO9936173 A1 WO 9936173A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- drying
- water works
- air
- dried
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 abstract description 14
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004150 EU approved colour Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019646 color tone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940006093 opthalmologic coloring agent diagnostic Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0154—Litter comprising inorganic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/127—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering by centrifugation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for treatment of water works sludge.
- From RO 105 188 is previously known to use a sludge containing calcium carbonate as raw material .
- the sludge is dried and ground to powder and then it is used as an oil absorber.
- an absorber that contains ground calcium carbonate this being an essential difference compared to the present invention that starts out from water works sludge, see definition below.
- SE-C-500 661 is previously known a method and a device to produce nutriment pellets for plants from sewage sludge.
- absorbers used as cat litter said absorbers are, as far as is known, not produced from a raw material in the shape of a waste product .
- a primary object of the present invention is to set out a method for treatment of water works sludge, said sludge being defined below, said method being carried out during a relatively short time period.
- a further object of the invention is that the drying of the water works sludge is carried out in an environment friendly and energy saving way.
- a further object of the invention is that according to an embodiment of the invention an absorber is obtained as final product, said absorber being used in different utility applications .
- FIG. 1A shows a side view of a filter bed that is included in the equipment for carrying out the method according to the invention, said filter bed being in an initial position;
- Fig. IB shows a top view of the filter bed in the position according to Fig. 1A
- FFiigg.. 22AA shows a side view of the filter bed according to Fig. 1A, said filter bed being in a first end position;
- Fig . 2B shows a top view of the filter bed in the position according to Fig. 2A;
- Fig . 3A shows a side view of the filter bed according to Fig. 1A, said filter bed being in a second end position;
- Fig . 3B shows a top view of the filter bed in the position according to Fig. 3A;
- Fig . 4A shows a side view of the filter bed according to Fig. 1A, where a border of the filter bed has been deleted;
- Fig. 4B shows a top view of the filter bed in the position according to Fig. 4A
- Fig. 5A shows a side view of the filter bed according to Fig. 1A, where a further step in the drying process has been effected;
- Fig. 5B shows a top view of the filter bed in the position according to Fig. 5A;
- Fig. 6A shows a side view of a set of drying grids at several levels;
- Fig. 6B shows a top view of the set of drying grids according to Fig. 6A;
- Fig. 7 shows a flow chart for producing an absorber for oil;
- Fig. 8 shows a flow chart for producing an absorber for urine from cats.
- the present invention thus refers to a method for treatment of a sludge that is taken out of a sedimentation basin at a water works, said sludge being called water works sludge and is a semi-organic product that normally consists to about 50% of metalhydroxide and to about 50% of humus substances from the raw water supply.
- Other compositions of the water works sludge are also possible within the scope of the invention.
- the first step of the method according to the invention is to air-dry the water works sludge, this being illustrated in Figs. 1A-6B.
- the dry matter content of the sludge may vary a lot from one water works to another water works, the lighter the sludge the easier to separate the water from the sludge during the first time in the filter bed.
- the water works sludge has a dry matter content of 1-4%, however it should be pointed out that within the scope of the invention the water works sludge may have dry matter contents outside said interval .
- the raw material i.e. the water works sludge 2
- a filter bed 1 comprising a rectangular cradle having a bottom 4 of filter cloth 3 and a border 5 resting on the bottom 4.
- the border 5 is manufactured from filter cloth 3, said filter cloth 3 being attached to a frame (not shown) .
- Figs. 1A-5A are extremely schematic and therefore said figures do not show the frame of the bottom 4 that tenters the filter cloth 3.
- the V 9, turned upside down, at the mid-point of the lower side of the filter cloth 3 symbolises the pivoting point of the filter bed/the cradle 1.
- the transfer of the sludge 2 is interrupted.
- a certain dewatering of the water works sludge 2 takes place.
- the cradle 1 is initially tilted to the left, see Figs. 2A and 2B, to its first end position and then to the right, see Figs. 3A and 3B, to its second end position.
- Figs. 2A and 2B see Figs. 3A and 3B
- the water works sludge 2 will be displaced from one end of the cradle to the other end of the cradle during said tilting.
- the cradle 1 is allowed to rest a certain time period at its respective end positions in order to make the water to flow through the filter cloth 3 both in the bottom 4 of the cradle 1 as well as in the border 5 of the cradle 1.
- the displacement mentioned above of the water works sludge 2 from one end to the other end has the effect that for each tilting to a respective end position the filter cloth 3 is self-cleansed, this being valid both for the filter cloth at the bottom of the cradle 1 and the filter cloth in the border 5.
- the tilting may continue as long as water is filtered away, this may continue up to an hour.
- the border 5 is raised, see Figs. 4A and 4B, and the dewatered water works sludge is allowed to rest at the filter cloth 3 of the bottom 4 during a certain time period that normally rests for about 3 hours.
- the water works sludge has now achieved such a dry matter content that it has developed into a sludge cake that may be equipped with grooves, such grooves forming a square pattern, see Fig. 5B, said grooves having the effect that a large sludge cake is divided into several smaller cubic sludge cakes 2' that may rest and dry on the filter cloth 3 during a certain time period, normally about 20 hours or more.
- the sludge cake preferably has a thickness of about 5-10 cm.
- the grooves in the large sludge cake may preferably be effected by means of a rubber rake.
- the cubic shape is preferred in order to achieve a high dry matter content in short time.
- this drying takes place in a space having a temperature slightly above 20°C, a fan (not shown) blowing air below the filter cloth 3 of the bottom 4.
- the drying time for the cubic sludge cakes 2' is dependent from that it must be possible to transfer the sludge cakes 2' from the filter cloth 3 of the bottom 4 to a set of drying grids 10 at several levels.
- said transfer of the cubic sludge cakes 2' from the filter cloth 3 of the bottom 4 to the set of drying grids 10 may for instance be effected by scraping the cubic sludge cakes 2 ' to a conveyer belt (not shown) that conveys the cubic sludge cakes 2 ' to the set of drying grids where said cubic sludge cakes 2 ' are transferred from the conveyor belt to the set of drying grids 10.
- each drying grid 10' may be pulled outwards like a drawer and the drying grids 10' have a mesh size that is adapted in such a way that when the cubic sludge cakes 2' reach a dry matter content of 75-80% their volume has decreased to such a degree that they fall through the drying grids 10' and down to a collection plane 11 that in the embodiment according to Fig. 6A is provided with wheels 12 and a pull bar 13.
- a transporting unit 14 for said cubic sludge cakes 2' has been created and said sludge cakes 2' are easily transported away.
- said drying takes place upon the set of drying grids 10 in a space with a temperature slightly above 20°C, a fan (not shown) blowing air through the drying grids 10'.
- said space may be provided with a through-passing air lock for emptied and loaded transporting units 14.
- the air that exits the space should be directed into a bacterial bed for purifying of said air.
- the time consumption for the entire drying process i.e. from the pumping of the water works sludge 2 from the sedimentation basin until the cubic sludge cakes 2' are collected upon the collection plane 11 of the transporting unit is about 3 days and nights if a dry matter content of 75- 80% is to be achieved.
- the entire drying process may be automatic.
- a tool can be used that in one step divides the sludge cake into smaller units, preferably cubes.
- the cubic sludge cakes 2' have a dry matter content of 75-80%. Said air-dried cubic sludge cakes 2' are very hard and must be crushed in order to be pulverized, in the embodiment according to Fig. 7 this is effected by having the cubic sludge cakes 2' fed into a crusher 15 driven by an electric motor, preferably an electric motor (not shown) is selected having a low energy consumption.
- the gravel 2" obtained after crushing constitutes the final product and is collected in a storage reservoir 16.
- the final product/gravel 2" is transferred into sacks, said sack-filled product constituting the product ready for delivery.
- the sacks may have different volumes depending on the wishes of the customers.
- the flow chart shown in Fig 8 illustrates how an absorber preferably for urine from cats, so-called cat litter, is manufactured, said flow chart according to Fig. 8 starting out from centrifugal treatment of the water works sludge, this being illustrated by the symbol 18.
- this centrifugal treatment increases the dry matter content of the water works sludge 2 up to about 20%.
- the first step of air-drying as described above, may be replaced by centrifugal treatment.
- the sludge subjected to centrifugal treatment is then air-dried in principally the same way as has been described in connection with Figs. 1A-6B, said air-drying being interrupted at a dry matter content of 30-50%.
- the air-drying is illustrated by the symbol 19.
- the cubic sludge cakes 2' achieved by centrifugal treatment 18 and air-drying 19 may either directly be transferred to a drying oven/pelletizing plant 20, said transfer being illustrated by the arrow 21. In doing so a usually brown cat litter is achieved, said litter has not been added any colouring agents .
- the colour of the cat litter depends upon the composition of the water works sludge.
- the cubic sludge cakes 2' may be transported to a dying reservoir 22 having an agitator 23, said transport being illustrated by the arrow 24. From the dying reservoir 22 the cubic sludge cakes 2' are transported to the drying oven/pelletizing plant 20, this being illustrated by the arrow 25 in Fig. 8.
- the drying oven/pelletizing plant 20 is heated by gas or oil, but within the scope of the invention also electric drying ovens/pelletizing plants may for instance be used.
- the drying oven/pelletizing plant 20 the dry matter content is increased to about 75-80% while the cubic sludge cakes 2' are pulverized in particles having a size suitable to be used as an absorber, especially cat litter.
- the absorber/cat litter 2' ' ' in the shape of particles, is discharged from the drying oven/pelletizing plant 20 and transferred to a storage reservoir 26, said transfer being illustrated by the arrow 27. If a pelletizing plant is used a more uniform size of the particles is achieved.
- the absorber/cat litter 2' ' ' is transferred to a packaging line where the absorber/cat litter 2''' is packed in sacks 28 of different sizes.
- the transfer of the absorber/cat litter 2' 7 ' from the storage reservoir 26 to the packaging line is illustrated by the arrow 29.
- the method described above and the means used thereby for air-drying of water works sludge 2 can be modified in several ways within the scope of the invention.
- the invention uses air-drying during some stage in order to increase the dry matter content of the water works sludge.
- no chemical thickeners are used during the air- drying.
- the produced sludge cakes do not need to be cubic .
- the initial stage of drying of the water works sludge may be performed in several different ways, air-drying and centrifugal treatment have been mentioned above.
- air-drying and centrifugal treatment have been mentioned above.
- vacuum filtration and filter pressing may be mentioned.
- Centrifugal treatment, air-drying and other methods for drying of water works sludge may thus be combined in several ways, beyond what has been exemplified above, in order to achieve different dry matter contents.
- the method according to the invention may start by centrifugal treatment or other alternative method of drying, then division into sludge cakes, preferably cubic, and finally air-drying.
- the centrifugal treatment is deleted and that only air-drying precedes the subsequent drying in drying oven/pelletizing plant.
- the centrifugal treatment is exchanged for another accepted drying method for water works sludge.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98965919A EP1051248A1 (en) | 1997-12-29 | 1998-12-18 | Method for treatment of sludge from water works |
AU21932/99A AU2193299A (en) | 1997-12-29 | 1998-12-18 | Method for treatment of sludge from water works |
JP2000539932A JP2002509022A (en) | 1997-12-29 | 1998-12-18 | How to treat sludge from water supply |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9704887A SE511130C2 (en) | 1997-12-29 | 1997-12-29 | Process for preparing an absorbent in particulate form from waterworks sludge |
SE9704887-0 | 1997-12-29 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09582581 A-371-Of-International | 2000-08-25 | ||
US10/112,948 Continuation-In-Part US20020095817A1 (en) | 1997-12-29 | 2002-04-02 | Method for treatment of sludge from water works |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999036173A1 true WO1999036173A1 (en) | 1999-07-22 |
Family
ID=20409588
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE1998/002373 WO1999036173A1 (en) | 1997-12-29 | 1998-12-18 | Method for treatment of sludge from water works |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1051248A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002509022A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2193299A (en) |
SE (1) | SE511130C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999036173A1 (en) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1994014730A1 (en) * | 1992-12-29 | 1994-07-07 | Torsten Modig | A method and an apparatus for producing plant nutritive pellets from wastewater sludge |
-
1997
- 1997-12-29 SE SE9704887A patent/SE511130C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-12-18 AU AU21932/99A patent/AU2193299A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-12-18 JP JP2000539932A patent/JP2002509022A/en active Pending
- 1998-12-18 EP EP98965919A patent/EP1051248A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-12-18 WO PCT/SE1998/002373 patent/WO1999036173A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1994014730A1 (en) * | 1992-12-29 | 1994-07-07 | Torsten Modig | A method and an apparatus for producing plant nutritive pellets from wastewater sludge |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE511130C2 (en) | 1999-08-09 |
SE9704887D0 (en) | 1997-12-29 |
AU2193299A (en) | 1999-08-02 |
SE9704887L (en) | 1999-06-30 |
EP1051248A1 (en) | 2000-11-15 |
JP2002509022A (en) | 2002-03-26 |
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