WO1999028264A1 - Additif impermeabilisant pour du ciment ou du beton contenant des materiaux pouzzolaniques modifies - Google Patents

Additif impermeabilisant pour du ciment ou du beton contenant des materiaux pouzzolaniques modifies Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999028264A1
WO1999028264A1 PCT/SG1997/000064 SG9700064W WO9928264A1 WO 1999028264 A1 WO1999028264 A1 WO 1999028264A1 SG 9700064 W SG9700064 W SG 9700064W WO 9928264 A1 WO9928264 A1 WO 9928264A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
additive
concrete
åroofing
wate
cement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SG1997/000064
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jian Ling Yang
Shu Qiang Zhang
Original Assignee
Ssangyong Cement (Singapore) Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ssangyong Cement (Singapore) Limited filed Critical Ssangyong Cement (Singapore) Limited
Priority to PCT/SG1997/000064 priority Critical patent/WO1999028264A1/fr
Priority to GB0016350A priority patent/GB2348196B/en
Priority to AU58934/98A priority patent/AU748229B2/en
Publication of WO1999028264A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999028264A1/fr
Priority to HK01101335A priority patent/HK1031371A1/xx

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
    • C04B18/146—Silica fume
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • Waterproofing is one of the most critical issues for the durability of concrete.
  • the majority of concrete failures are attributed to the high pe ⁇ neability and sorptivity of concrete against water penetration and the ingress of chloride or sulfate ions dissolved in the water, causing not only water leakage but also the corrosion of steel rebars and destructive expansion of the concrete.
  • Silica fume a by-product from the production of silicon or ferro-silico ⁇ alloys, is commonly used as a cement and concrete additive to produce corrosion-resistant concrete, concrete having improved mechanical properties or water-tight concrete (see, for example, US 4,118,242, US 4,310,486 and US 5,472,501).
  • its disadvantages are poor workability and relatively high surface water absorption due to the capillary action of fine capillary pores which result in high sorptivity of the concrete and therefore potential high chloride/sulfate build up at the splash and tidal zones of marine concrete structures.
  • Hydrophobic compounds such as calcium stearate, silicon, wax or bitumen emulsion are also commonly used as waterproofing admixtures of concrete, to impart a hydrophobic coating to the capillary surfaces as well as blocking some pores.
  • Hydrophobic compounds have the disadvantages of reduced compressive strength (typically 10-15% lower than the plain concrete) and reduced effectiveness under high hydrostatic head.
  • a waterproofing additive for cement and/or concrete comprising at least one pozzolanic material modified with at least one hydrophobic material.
  • the pozzolanic material preferably comprises one or more pozzolanic components.
  • the pozzolanic material preferably comprises one or more of silica fume, microsilica and metakaolin.
  • the silica fume may be densified or undens ' ified silica fume.
  • the microsilica is preferably refined natural microsilica and is preferably amorphous.
  • One particularly preferred composition for the pozzolanic material is a mixture of silica fume and microsilica, most preferably in approximately equal amounts by weight.
  • the hydrophobic material is suitably a hydrophobic compound, preferably an organic or organometallic compound, most preferably of a long chain paraffinic acid.
  • the hydrophobic material may be a paraffinic or fatty acid ester, e.g. butyl stearate.
  • the hydrophobic compound may be a soap, especially a metallic soap of a paraffinic acid, e.g. calcium stearate, magnesium stearate or aluminium stearate, or an organic soap of a paraffinic acid, e.g. an ammonium salt.
  • the hydrophobic compound may be oleic acid, a wax emulsion, siloxane or a silicon emulsion.
  • the or each pozzolanic constituent of the additive may be modified with one or more hydrophobic materials.
  • Preferred waterproofing additives are mixtures of at least one pozzolanic material (e.g. silica fume, microsilica or metakaolin) with at least one hydrophobic compound, or possibly two or more hydrophobic compounds of different types. The combination of such materials has been observed to enable better mixing and a freer flowing powder nature of the finished product, as well as increased shelf life thereof.
  • the pozzolanic material is preferably modified by spraying and/or blending with the hydrophobic material, suitably in a high speed/shear mixer.
  • the mixing operation preferably results in an intimate, and preferably substantially fully mixed, mixture of the pozzolanic material and the hydrophobic material(s).
  • the total weight of the hydrophobic material(s) in the waterproofing additive is suitably in the range from 5 to 30% of the weight of the pozzolanic material, preferably 5 to 15% and most preferably around 10%.
  • a particularly preferred composition is an approximately 1:1 mixture (by weight) of de ⁇ sified silica fume and microsilica modified with approximately 10% (by weight of the combined pozzolanic constituents) of butyl stearate.
  • Another particularly preferred composition is metakaolin modified with approximately 10% (by weight) of butyl stearate.
  • a cement mortar or concrete comprising a waterproofing additive according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the cement mortar or concrete preferably comprises an amount of the waterproofing additive such that the pozzolanic material of the additive is present in the cement mortar or concrete in an amount in the range from 5 to 15% of the weight of cement, and most preferably from around 8 to 10%.
  • the cement mortar or concrete preferably has improved water impermeability (suitably less than 10 mm after 28 days when measured in accordance with DIN 1048) and/or reduced water absorption (suitably less than 1% when measured in accordance with BS1881 : Part 122), preferably whilst retaining acceptable compressrve strength.
  • the waterproofmg additive is preferably capable of acting to improve the waterproofing of cement mortar and/or concrete.
  • a method of preparing a waterproofing additive for cement and/or concrete comprising modifying a pozzolanic material by spraying and/or blending with a hydrophobic material.
  • the step of spraying and/or blending is performed using a high speed/shear mixer.
  • a method of preparing cement mortar or concrete comprising mixing cement, sand and water with a waterproofing additive according to the first aspect of the invention and/or manufactured in accordance with the third aspect of the invention.
  • a pozzola ⁇ is defined as a siliceous and aluminous material which, in itself, possesses little or no cemenfrtious value but which will, in finely divided form in the presence of moisture, react chemically with calcium hydroxide at ordinary temperature to form compounds possessing cementitious properties.
  • the mixture proportions of the cement mortars tn this example are based on the following composition: cement (OPC) : water : sand : waterproofing additive : liquid superplasticizer in the ratio of 1 : 0.38 : 2.61 : 0-0.08 : 0.01-0.02 (by weight) respectively.
  • the waterproofing additive comprises a pozzolanic material (e.g. silica fume, refined natural microsilica or metakaolin) modified with a hydrophobic material (e.g. an organic or organometallic compound such as butyl stearate, calcium stearate, another metallic soap of a paraffinic acid, oleic acid, wax emulsion, siloxane or a silicon emulsion).
  • the hydrophobic compound(s) are provided integrally with the pozzolanic material.
  • the silica fume that was used was a commercially available product having a typical composition as shown in table 1 (with constituents indicated by weight in %):
  • densified silica fume (as supplied by Scancem Materials Pty Ltd, Australia) and undensified silica fume (as supplied by Elkem Materials, Norway) are suitable.
  • the typical density range for the densified silica fume is 500-650 kg/m 3 and for undensified silica fume is 250-400 kg/m 3 .
  • microsilica that was used was a refined natural amorphous silica (as supplied by Microsilica New Zealand Limited, New Zealand).
  • the typical composition is given in table 2 (with constituents indicated by weight in %):
  • metakaolin that was used was a commercially available product produced by high temperature treatment of kaolin (as supplied by ECC International, UK or Engelhard Corporation, USA).
  • the typical composition is given in table 3 (with constituents indicated by weight in %):
  • the selected pozzolanic materials were processed by spraying and blending with one or more hydrophobic compounds in a high speed, high shear mixer to produce a surface modified waterproofing additive for cement and concrete.
  • the preferred hydrophobic compounds are butyl stearate, calcium stearate or other metallic soaps of paraffinic acids which are commonly used as waterproofing additives in the cement and concrete.
  • Other suitable hydrophobic compounds include oleic acid, wax emulsion, siloxane and silicon emulsions, but with reduced effectiveness.
  • Similar mortars could be prepared using a mixture of more than one waterproofing additive. More than one pozzolanic material could be used, and the or each pozzolanic material could be modified with the same or different hydrophobic materials or with more than one hydrophobic material.
  • the modified pozzolanic material employed in this study was densified silica fume (as described in detail in relation to example 1) modified with 10% butyl stearate.
  • Other pozzolanic materials modified with butyl stearate are expected to perform similar or better as shown in the cement mortar studies.
  • Two typical water to cement (w/c) ratios of 0.36 and 0.45 were used in this study and the dosage levels of the modified silica fume (MSF) were at 5% and 0% by weight of the total binder (cement + silica fume) content.
  • the concrete mixture proportions and the test results are shown in tables 8 and 9, one table for each of the water : cement ratios.
  • the concretes were prepared in a concrete drum mixer.
  • the cement (OPC), densified silica fume and the liquid superplasticizer (high range water reducing agent: HRWRA) were commercially available materials.
  • the fresh properties and strength of the concrete were tested according to the guidelines set in BS 1881.
  • the water abso ⁇ tion was tested at 7 and 28 days in accordance with BS 1881 : Part 122.
  • the water penetration was tested at 28 days according to DIN 1048 and the rapid chloride penetration test was carried out at 28 days according to ASTM 1202. 10
  • the sorptivity test is in fact similar to the surface water abso ⁇ tion test. The only difference is that the specimen in this case is not fully immersed in water, instead only the bottom face of the test specimen is placed in contact with water. In this way capillary suction can be directly visually monitored by observing the height increase of the wetted areas, or by measurement of the weight gain.
  • the following example demonstrates the so ⁇ tivity behaviour of the concrete under capillary forces.
  • the concrete mixture proportions used for the test were the same as given in example 2 with 10% addition of modified silica fume. Additionally, a concrete with 10% unmodified silica fume was prepared for comparison. The concrete was cured for 28 days and core samples having dimensions of 75 mm in diameter and 75 mm in height were taken. The samples were coated with an epoxy resin over the length of the longitudinal faces and were dried in an oven at 105°C for 3 days and cooled in a desiccator for 1 day before the test. The test specimen was placed in contact with water at the bottom surface of the cylinder and the weight gain of the specimen was measured after 30 and 60 minutes and 24 hours of water contact. The specimens were split into two halves after 24 hours and the height of the wetted areas were measured. The results are shown in table 10.
  • silica fume concrete is still very high, due to the presence of fine capillary pores.
  • the hydrophobically modified silica fume is highly effective in reducing the capillary suction of the concrete, which is highly beneficial for a durable concrete so as to prevent rising damp and formation of efflorescence, reduce the build up of chloride and sulfate concentrations at the tidal and splash zones of marine concrete, minimize freeze-thaw damage and reduce algal growth on the concrete's surface.
  • the improved wate ⁇ roofi ⁇ g additives described above have been observed to provide an improved and economical solution to produce highly durable water impermeable and damp-proof concrete which is able to overcome the disadvantages of the relatively high water abso ⁇ tion of wate ⁇ roofed concrete containing silica fume and the reduced compressive strength, relatively high water permeability of wate ⁇ roofed concrete containing hydrophobic compounds. It was found that wate ⁇ roofing concrete can be produced with the addition of a modified pozzolanic composition to meet the water impermeability of concrete as specified in ENV 206 and the water abso ⁇ tion of less than 1% tested in accordance with BS1881 : Part 122.
  • pozzolanic materials are used as carriers for the hydrophobic compounds and therefore a pre-emulsifying is not necessary, providing a substantial advantage over the prior art.
  • the pozzolan appears to act as a reactive pore filler by reacting with the hydration products of the cement to form insoluble precipitants which reduce the porosity and the pore size of the cement paste.
  • the absorbed hydrophobic compound is believed to migrate toward the air/water interface of the concrete and form a hydrophobic layer at the concrete surface and the walls of the capillary pores which form an effective barrier against capillary suction of water.
  • novel wate ⁇ roofing additives described above have been found to provide a highly advantageous solution for providing concrete with both water impermeable and damp-proof characteristics.
  • the use of such wate ⁇ roofing additives is very straightforward and does not differ from the normal use of silica fume in concrete production.
  • the workability of fresh concrete containing the said novel wate ⁇ roofing additive has been found to be better than the normal silica fume concrete, as the hydrophobic compounds act as an internal lubricant for the cement particles.
  • the present invention may include any feature or combination of features disclosed herein either implicitly or explicitly or any generalisation thereof irrespective of whether it relates to the presently claimed invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

Additif imperméabilisant conçu pour du ciment et/ou du béton et contenant un matériau pouzzolanique (tel que de la fumée de silice, de la microsilice naturelle raffinée ou du kaolin déshydraté artificiellement) modifié par un matériau hydrophobe (tel que butylstéarate, stéarate de calcium, acide oléique ou une émulsion de silicium).
PCT/SG1997/000064 1997-12-03 1997-12-03 Additif impermeabilisant pour du ciment ou du beton contenant des materiaux pouzzolaniques modifies WO1999028264A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SG1997/000064 WO1999028264A1 (fr) 1997-12-03 1997-12-03 Additif impermeabilisant pour du ciment ou du beton contenant des materiaux pouzzolaniques modifies
GB0016350A GB2348196B (en) 1997-12-03 1997-12-03 Waterproofing additive for cement and concrete comprising modified pozzolanic materials
AU58934/98A AU748229B2 (en) 1997-12-03 1997-12-03 Waterproofing additive for cement and concrete comprising modified pozzolanic materials
HK01101335A HK1031371A1 (en) 1997-12-03 2001-02-23 Waterproofing additive for cement and concrete comprising modified pozzolanic materials

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SG1997/000064 WO1999028264A1 (fr) 1997-12-03 1997-12-03 Additif impermeabilisant pour du ciment ou du beton contenant des materiaux pouzzolaniques modifies

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WO1999028264A1 true WO1999028264A1 (fr) 1999-06-10

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AU (1) AU748229B2 (fr)
GB (1) GB2348196B (fr)
HK (1) HK1031371A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999028264A1 (fr)

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1078897A1 (fr) * 1999-08-26 2001-02-28 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Composition de ciment à résistance initiale améliorée
DE19950106A1 (de) * 1999-09-30 2001-04-05 Schuemann Sasol Gmbh & Co Kg Beton und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
EP1157977A1 (fr) * 2000-04-11 2001-11-28 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Procédé d'amélioration des propriétés d'écoulement de matériau particulaire
WO2002030846A1 (fr) 2000-10-07 2002-04-18 Dow Corning Corporation Additif granule hydrophobe pour materiaux a base de ciment
WO2002030847A1 (fr) * 2000-10-07 2002-04-18 Dow Corning Corporation Additifs hydrophobes granules pour compositions de gypse
US6478869B2 (en) 1999-01-12 2002-11-12 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Flow properties of dry cementitious materials
US6602316B1 (en) * 1999-08-23 2003-08-05 Impexmetal Dobris S.R.O. Briquette for lowering the viscosity of metallurgical slag and process for its production
US6660080B2 (en) 1999-01-12 2003-12-09 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Particulate flow enhancing additives
US6869476B2 (en) * 2002-11-27 2005-03-22 Jang San Waterproof Industrial Co., Ltd. Waterproof admixture composition for concrete having excellent anti-corrosive performance
WO2008062018A1 (fr) 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 Dow Corning Corporation Matières cimentaires
US7846251B2 (en) 2004-10-04 2010-12-07 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Integrally waterproofed concrete
EP2298709A1 (fr) * 2009-09-18 2011-03-23 Omya Development AG Mélange de béton doté de propriétés anti-efflorescence et procédé de fabrication de béton l'utilisant
US20120037044A1 (en) * 2009-02-26 2012-02-16 Sika Technology Ag Dry composition comprising a binder and a silicone oil
WO2013141684A1 (fr) * 2012-03-23 2013-09-26 Copamex, S. A. De C. V. Composition super-hydrophobe, sa préparation et papier présentant une super-hydrophobie
US8974595B2 (en) 2009-02-26 2015-03-10 Sika Technology Ag Dry composition comprising a binder and a modified vegetable oil
US9840440B2 (en) 2013-11-29 2017-12-12 Nano And Advanced Materials Institute Limited Hydrophobic low shrinkage lightweight cementitious matrix
CN110041035A (zh) * 2019-05-07 2019-07-23 武汉理工大学 一种低胶材用量的c30高抗渗混凝土及其制备方法
US10590038B1 (en) 2019-07-01 2020-03-17 Maw-Tien Lee Producing cementitious materials with improved hydrophobicity and strength using reclaimed waste substances
EP3623354A1 (fr) * 2018-09-14 2020-03-18 Sika Technology Ag Carbonate de nano-calcium revêtu de stéarate pour imperméabilisation du béton
CN111517691A (zh) * 2020-05-26 2020-08-11 深圳市利泽恒有限公司 一种高分子防水剂、防水混凝土材料以及防水砂浆
CN111704409A (zh) * 2020-06-18 2020-09-25 湖北合力久盛混凝土有限公司 一种低胶凝材料用量的c30高抗渗混凝土及其制备方法
US10829505B2 (en) 2016-04-20 2020-11-10 Dow Silicones Corporation Lithium alkylsiliconate composition, coating, and method of making same
EP3750856A1 (fr) * 2019-06-13 2020-12-16 Baerlocher GmbH Additifs hydrophobes pour matériaux de construction
CN115093148A (zh) * 2022-06-27 2022-09-23 深圳大学 一种疏水再生材料及其制备方法和应用
DE102021111969A1 (de) 2021-05-07 2022-11-10 Fixit TM Holding GmbH Vorprodukt, schaumbeton und verfahren zu dessen herstellung
WO2022246525A1 (fr) * 2021-05-25 2022-12-01 Moshe 3000 Materiais De Construção Ltda Procédé de fabrication et composition d'additif pour béton
CN115521121A (zh) * 2022-10-14 2022-12-27 江西锦业实业有限公司 一种耐腐蚀水泥砂浆及其制备方法
CN115536305A (zh) * 2022-09-30 2022-12-30 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 一种改性硅质材料及其制备方法与应用

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CA3106877A1 (fr) 2020-01-24 2021-07-24 Permabase Building Products, Llc Panneau de ciment avec additif resistant a l'eau

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Cited By (44)

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US6660080B2 (en) 1999-01-12 2003-12-09 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Particulate flow enhancing additives
US6610139B2 (en) 1999-01-12 2003-08-26 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Methods of preparing particulate flow enhancing additives
US6379456B1 (en) 1999-01-12 2002-04-30 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Flow properties of dry cementitious and non-cementitious materials
US6478869B2 (en) 1999-01-12 2002-11-12 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Flow properties of dry cementitious materials
US6602316B1 (en) * 1999-08-23 2003-08-05 Impexmetal Dobris S.R.O. Briquette for lowering the viscosity of metallurgical slag and process for its production
EP1078897A1 (fr) * 1999-08-26 2001-02-28 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Composition de ciment à résistance initiale améliorée
US6478868B1 (en) 1999-08-26 2002-11-12 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Early-enhanced strength cement compositions and methods
DE19950106A1 (de) * 1999-09-30 2001-04-05 Schuemann Sasol Gmbh & Co Kg Beton und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
EP1157977A1 (fr) * 2000-04-11 2001-11-28 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Procédé d'amélioration des propriétés d'écoulement de matériau particulaire
WO2002030847A1 (fr) * 2000-10-07 2002-04-18 Dow Corning Corporation Additifs hydrophobes granules pour compositions de gypse
US7311770B2 (en) 2000-10-07 2007-12-25 Dow Corning Corporation Granulated hydrophobic additive for gypsum compositions
WO2002030846A1 (fr) 2000-10-07 2002-04-18 Dow Corning Corporation Additif granule hydrophobe pour materiaux a base de ciment
US7410538B2 (en) 2000-10-07 2008-08-12 Dow Corning Corporation Granulated hydrophobic additive for cementitious materials
US6869476B2 (en) * 2002-11-27 2005-03-22 Jang San Waterproof Industrial Co., Ltd. Waterproof admixture composition for concrete having excellent anti-corrosive performance
US7846251B2 (en) 2004-10-04 2010-12-07 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Integrally waterproofed concrete
US8603241B2 (en) 2004-10-04 2013-12-10 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Integrally waterproofed concrete
WO2008062018A1 (fr) 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 Dow Corning Corporation Matières cimentaires
US8445560B2 (en) 2006-11-22 2013-05-21 Dow Corning Corporation Cementitious materials
US8974595B2 (en) 2009-02-26 2015-03-10 Sika Technology Ag Dry composition comprising a binder and a modified vegetable oil
US20120037044A1 (en) * 2009-02-26 2012-02-16 Sika Technology Ag Dry composition comprising a binder and a silicone oil
US8506700B2 (en) * 2009-02-26 2013-08-13 Sika Technology Ag Dry composition comprising a binder and a silicone oil
US8580030B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2013-11-12 Omya International Ag Concrete mix having anti-efflorescence properties and method of making concrete using the same
WO2011033372A1 (fr) * 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Omya Development Ag Mélange de béton ayant des propriétés anti-efflorescence et procédé permettant de fabriquer du béton au moyen de ce mélange
EP2298709A1 (fr) * 2009-09-18 2011-03-23 Omya Development AG Mélange de béton doté de propriétés anti-efflorescence et procédé de fabrication de béton l'utilisant
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GB2348196A (en) 2000-09-27
HK1031371A1 (en) 2001-06-15

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