WO1999015074A1 - Procede et dispositif de detection optique d'un epanchement - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de detection optique d'un epanchement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999015074A1
WO1999015074A1 PCT/US1998/019378 US9819378W WO9915074A1 WO 1999015074 A1 WO1999015074 A1 WO 1999015074A1 US 9819378 W US9819378 W US 9819378W WO 9915074 A1 WO9915074 A1 WO 9915074A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control module
light
sensor pad
detector
cable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/019378
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William H. Ralston
Original Assignee
Mallinckrodt Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mallinckrodt Inc. filed Critical Mallinckrodt Inc.
Priority to AU95698/98A priority Critical patent/AU9569898A/en
Priority to EP98949360A priority patent/EP1017311A4/fr
Priority to CA002301209A priority patent/CA2301209A1/fr
Priority to JP2000512453A priority patent/JP2001517469A/ja
Publication of WO1999015074A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999015074A1/fr

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/168Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
    • A61M5/16831Monitoring, detecting, signalling or eliminating infusion flow anomalies
    • A61M5/16836Monitoring, detecting, signalling or eliminating infusion flow anomalies by sensing tissue properties at the infusion site, e.g. for detecting infiltration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to extravasation detection apparatuses. More particularly, the present invention provides an improved means that optically detects extravasation at an infusion site.
  • beneficial substances are intervascularily administered to hospital patients, e.g., fluids such as contrast media, medicinal fluids, water, electrolytes, sugar, blood, and pharmaceuticals.
  • fluids such as contrast media, medicinal fluids, water, electrolytes, sugar, blood, and pharmaceuticals.
  • These substances are typically administered with a needle that is adapted to be inserted into an appropriate vein or artery. Extravasation occurs when, during the infusion of such a substance, the substance inadvertently infiltrates the area around the vein or artery.
  • improper insertion of a needle or movement of the patient can cause the needle to pierce the vascular wall so that the substance is administered into the perivascular tissue or the needle can simply come out of the vein or artery and inadvertently inject fluid into the surrounding tissue.
  • Extravasation can occur while using a variety of apparatuses which inject fluids into a patient, such as, for example, syringes, power injectors, intravascular drips, intravascular pumps, etc.
  • a variety of injected substances can be toxic or irritating to tissue, such as substances used in diagnostic contrast enhancement or in chemotherapy, when concentrated, e.g., without dilution by blood flow. Immediate and accurate detection of extravasation can be very important with such toxic substances, as well as with other injected substances.
  • U.S. Patent Nos. 4,647,281 and 5,334,141 illustrate examples of known devices.
  • the '281 patent illustrates an infiltration detection apparatus which utilizes a microwave antenna means positioned over an area of infusion and a microwave radiometer for detecting sub-cutaneous temperature. Due to temperature differentials between injected fluids and surrounding tissues, the device detects extravasation.
  • the '141 patent illustrates another system for extravasation detection which also monitors electromagnetic microwave emission from the patient.
  • the *141 patent shows an antenna assembly having a reusable antenna element connected to a processing apparatus and a disposable attachment element for adhering to a patient's skin.
  • the existing apparatuses have a number of deficiencies, and the present invention is designed to overcome the deficiencies in the existing devices and to provide an improved method and apparatus for extravasation detection.
  • the present invention is an apparatus and method for detecting extravasation.
  • the invention has significant advantages over other known extravasation detection systems because it quickly and accurately detects extravasation.
  • the preferred embodiments include disposable portions that are fabricated easily and economically and allow re-use of the device.
  • an extravasation detection apparatus which includes: at least one light source for directing light into a patient in an area proximate to a site of fluid introduction into the patient, thereby causing light to be emitted from the patient; at least one detector for detecting source light that has been reflected, scattered, diffused or otherwise emitted from the patient; and an electronics control module in communication with the detector (s) and capable of evaluating the light emitted from the patient and determining whether extravasation has occurred.
  • a method for detecting extravasation includes: directing light from at least one light source into a patient in an area proximate to a site of fluid introduction into the patient, thereby causing light to be emitted from the patient; detecting light reflected, scattered, diffused or otherwise emitted from the patient with at least one light detector; and evaluating the light emitted from the patient and detected by the light detector (s) with an electronics control module, so as to determine whether extravasation has occurred.
  • the apparatus further includes a sensor pad, a cable extending between the sensor pad and the electronics control module, the light source being located in either the sensor pad or the electronics control module, the detector being located in either the sensor pad or the electronics control module, and the electronics control module processing signals from the detector to evaluate whether extravasation has occurred.
  • the light source being located in either the sensor pad or the electronics control module
  • the detector being located in either the sensor pad or the electronics control module
  • the electronics control module processing signals from the detector to evaluate whether extravasation has occurred.
  • at least one light source and at least one detector are both provided on the electronics control module.
  • the light source emits light having a wavelength between about 600 to 1800 nanometers, preferably from about 700 to 900 nanometers .
  • the cable is detachable from the electronics control module.
  • the cable is detachable from the electronics control module via a connector, the connector being fixed to the cable and having means for removably connecting to a port of the electronics control module .
  • FIG. 1 (A) is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 (B) is a schematic side view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 (C) is a schematic side view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 (D) is a schematic side view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating components of the electronic control module
  • FIG. 3(A) is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of the invention during the infusion of a substance into a patient via an infusion apparatus
  • FIG. 3(B) is a schematic side cross-sectional view of a sensor pad against a patient according to one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3(C) is a schematic side cross-sectional view of a sensor pad against a patient as in FIG. 3(B) while extravasation is present;
  • FIG. 4 is a graphical diagram indicating a window of opportunity for the preferred wavelengths of light used in the present invention.
  • the present invention is an apparatus and method for detecting extravasation.
  • the invention operates by transmitting light into the tissue of a patient proximate to an injection site, e.g., into the tissue adjacent to a site of pharmaceutical infusion.
  • the transmitted light enters the tissue and a portion of the light is reflected. scattered, diffused or otherwise emitted back to the surface where it is detected by a detector. If extravasation occurs, the presence of the extravasated fluid causes the pattern of the light returning to the surface to change.
  • the invention detects such change and determines when extravasation has occurred.
  • the present invention can, if desired, sound an alert that extravasation has occurred or provide a signal that shuts off a device injecting fluid into the patient, e.g., a power injector.
  • the present invention can be used for the optical detection of extravasated fluids infused by an apparatus for intravascular infusion of fluids.
  • Apparatuses for intravascular infusion include syringes, power injectors, intravascular drips, intravascular pumps, and a number of other known devices.
  • the present invention can be utilized at any site of injection within the body, including both percutaneous injections and surgically exposed vasculature injections.
  • the device can be used to detect optical variations from overlying or underlying tissues or in tissues adjacent to the needle or catheter tip of an apparatus for intravascular infusion.
  • the present invention is particularly advantageous in detecting extravasation of imaging agents and the like and can be used with other substances such as, e.g., other contrast media, medicinal fluids, electrolytes, pharmaceuticals, etc.
  • FIGS. 1(A) -1(D) illustrate four preferred embodiments of the present invention.
  • Each of these embodiments includes a disposable conduit 1 and an electronic control module 10.
  • the disposable conduit 1 preferably includes a disposable sensor pad 100, a cable 200, and connector device 300.
  • the disposable conduit can be discarded after each use and replaced with a new disposable conduit.
  • the electronic control module 10 preferably includes means to interpret optically-generated signals (e.g., signals emitted from a detector) , to process these signals, and to provide a warning signal and/or a pharmaceutical pump shut-off signal when extravasation occurs. A signal can also be generated to automatically interrupt any further liquid or substance flow from the infusion apparatus.
  • the electronic control module 10 can also be constructed to couple a neutralizing agent to reduce potential harm to the patient upon detection of extravasation such as in the '281 patent, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the electronic control module 10 can include one or more computer or microprocessor.
  • the electronic control module 10 is preferably programmable by an operator, but the electronic control module 10 does not necessarily need to be programmable.
  • the electronic control module 10 can be programmed via a keyboard incorporated in the electronic control module 10.
  • the electronic control module 10 can have an input for an auxiliary pre-programmed device such as an electronic strip (e.g., a read device).
  • the electronic control unit can be provided with appropriate programming for making such an evaluation. See, for example, Sevick, et al.. Frequency Domain Imaging Of Absorbers Obscured By Scattering in J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol., 16 (1992) 169-185.
  • the foregoing article illustrates how tissue abnormalities can be detected, and even localized and characterized, by biomedical optical imaging.
  • light which is emitted into the patient through the optical fiber 214 under normal conditions can have a photon migration pattern of SI, as shown in FIG. 3(B) .
  • the photon migration pattern can change to another pattern because of scattering or absorption changes, e.g., S2.
  • This change in the photon migration pattern can result in variations of the detected light received by the optical fiber 215, such that extravasation can be detected.
  • the number of optical source fibers and of optical detection fibers can be varied, and the distribution and spacing of such fibers can also be varied depending on conditions.
  • the light transmission can include, for example, continuous wave transmission, intermittent transmission, and modulated frequency transmission.
  • the light detection can include, for example, scattering, absorption, and fluorescence.
  • the light transmitted into the patient P is preferably within a particular spectral range, or spectral window, as illustrated in FIG. 4. Most preferably, the wavelength of light transmitted is between about 700 to 900 nanometers. In this manner, the absorption factors of water, oxy- hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin are minimized to facilitate detection.
  • the disposable conduit 1 preferably includes three general sections: (1) a sensor pad 100; (2) a cable 200; and (3) a connector 300.
  • FIGS. 1(A) -1(C) illustrate four preferred embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 1(A) shows a most preferred construction of the invention wherein the electronic control module 10 includes a light source 14 and a light detector 15 so that light is transmitted from and received by the electronic control module 10.
  • FIGS. 1(B) -1(C) illustrate that light sources and/or light detectors do not necessarily need to be part of the electronic control module 10, but can alternatively be located on the sensor pad.
  • FIG. 1(A) shows an embodiment wherein at least one light source 14 and at least one light detector mechanism 15 are included as part of the electronic control module 10. Among other things, this allows the light source and detector mechanism to be retained when the disposable conduit 1 is discarded.
  • the cable 200 and the sensor pad 100 have two or more optical source fibers 214 extending lengthwise therethrough for directing light from the light source (s) 14.
  • the cable 200 and the sensor pad 100 also have two or more optical detector fibers 215 extending therethrough for returning reflected light back to the detector mechanism(s) 15.
  • the optical source fiber (s) which receive light from the light source 14 include a "fiber optic sensor” tip.
  • the fiber optic sensor can be selected based, in part, on the particular modes of light transmission and on the manner of detection utilized.
  • at least one light source 14" is located on the sensor pad 100 while the light detector 15 is still located on the electronic control module 10.
  • the light source 14" is preferably a light emitting diode ("LED") of a certain wavelength.
  • the cable 200 includes (a) conductive wires, e.g., metallic wires, 214" for transmitting electricity to operate the at least one light source 14", e.g., to the at least one LED and (b) optical fibers 215 for collecting light as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1(A).
  • conductive wires e.g., metallic wires, 214" for transmitting electricity to operate the at least one light source 14", e.g., to the at least one LED
  • optical fibers 215 for collecting light as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1(A).
  • At least one light detecting sensor 15" is located on the sensor pad 100, while the at least one light source 14 is located in the electronic control module 10.
  • the cable 200 includes (a) optical fibers 214" for supplying light from the light source 14 and (b) conductive wires, e.g., metallic wires, 215" for transmitting electricity to operate the light detecting sensor.
  • both the light source (s) 14" and the light detector (s) 15" are located on the sensor pad 100.
  • the cable 200 includes an appropriate number of conductive wires 214" and 215" for transmitting electricity to operate the light source (s) 14" and the light detector (s) 15", respectively.
  • the module 10 includes the following components: (1) a programmed algorithm electronic unit 11 that interprets optical input from the sensor and outputs warning and/or shut-off signals when the input parameters indicate that extravasation has occurred; (2) an audible and/or visible warning mechanism 12 and/or a shut-off mechanism 13 which receives the signals from the unit 11 — the mechanism 13 can be, for example only, an electronic shut-off mechanism for a pharmaceutical pump (such as, e.g., for shutting-off an electrical outlet to which a pharmaceutical pump power cord is inserted) ; and (4) depending upon the configuration, at least one light source 14 and at least one light detector 15.
  • a programmed algorithm electronic unit 11 that interprets optical input from the sensor and outputs warning and/or shut-off signals when the input parameters indicate that extravasation has occurred
  • an audible and/or visible warning mechanism 12 and/or a shut-off mechanism 13 which receives the signals from the unit 11 —
  • the mechanism 13 can be, for example only, an electronic shut-off mechanism for a pharmaceutical pump (such
  • the light source (s) can include one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs) 16 which emit one or more wavelengths of light.
  • the light source (s) can include one or more diode lasers 17 which emit light at one or more wavelengths.
  • the light sources can be constructed to transmit light that is, for example, a continuous wave, intermittent or frequency modulated.
  • the electronic control module 10 can include a plurality of parts or units.
  • the warning mechanism, shut-off mechanism, light sources, detectors, etc. can be separate components that are controlled by circuitry within another part of the electronic control module 10. Nevertheless, according to one preferred construction, each of the components of the electronic control module 10 are incorporated into a single unit.
  • the preferred construction of the sensor pad 100 includes means for emitting light from the light source and means for receiving light for the detector. These means are mounted to or embedded in the sensor pad 100 and fixed at locations and distances best suited for optimizing light propagation and detection through the thickness overlying the site of injection.
  • the shape of the sensor pad can be varied depending on the clinical application.
  • the sensor pad can be adapted to accommodate an infusion needle 501 (see FIGS. 3 (A) -3 (C) ) .
  • the manner of attachment of the sensor pad to the patient can also be varied depending on the clinical application, such as with an adhesive or the like.
  • the cable 200 is preferably constructed with a length suitable to accommodate an appropriate infusion apparatus.
  • the infusion apparatus 500 can be connected to a needle 501 via a connector tube adjacent to the disposable conduit 1.
  • the cable 200 preferably includes an outer flexible sheath 201 having an interior area 202 for containing one or more source conduits (i.e., optical fibers 214 or electrical conducting wires 214") and one or more detector conduits (i.e., optical fibers 215 or electrical conducting wires 215").
  • the source conduits and the detector conduits are flexible optical fibers of an appropriate diameter and length.
  • the conduits within the cable 200 can be conductive wires for the transmission of an electrical current.
  • the cable 200 can be a rigid structure rather than a flexible structure so that it retains a generally constant shape, or the cable can have one or more rigid sections and one or more flexible sections.
  • the connector 300 includes an outer hub 310 surrounding the end of the cable 200 and designed to interlock with a port 20 of the electronic control module 10. The connector 300 aligns optical fibers or wires from the cable 200 with corresponding means in the electronic control module to optically or electrically communicate with the electronic control module 10.
  • the mechanism by which the connector 300 interlocks with the port 20 can include, as some examples, (1) a Luer-Lock ® connection (e.g., a Luer fitting), (2) a threaded connection (e.g., having either male or female threads depending upon the electronic control module) ; (3) a snap-fit connection, such as with alignment grooves or with one or more raised alignment ridges; as well as (4) any other known type of co-axial connection.
  • the connector can include an intermediate cable segment which communicates with both the cable 200 and the electronic control module 10.
  • the present optical extravasation detection system has significant advantages over other known extravasation detection systems.
  • the present invention enables accurate and immediate detection of extravasation, allowing for an immediate response to such detection.
  • the disposable conduit of the preferred embodiments can also be relatively easily and economically fabricated, facilitating re-use of the device by attaching a new disposable conduit.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif servant à détecter optiquement un épanchement de liquide d'injection dans une zone de tissu pendant une perfusion. Ce dispositif comprend un module de commande électronique (10) et un conduit jetable (1). Ce conduit jetable est pourvu d'un capteur (100) sous forme d'un coussinet dont la surface inférieure est conçue pour être placée contre le patient, ainsi que d'un câble (200) s'étendant depuis ce coussinet jusqu'au module de commande électronique. Au moins une source de lumière (14) est située soit sur le coussinet, soit sur le module de commande électronique. Cette source de lumière émet de la lumière au-dessous de la surface inférieure du coussinet. Au moins un détecteur de lumière (15) est situé soit sur le coussinet, soit sur le module de commande électronique. Ce détecteur détecte la lumière provenant de la source de lumière et réfléchie, diffusée ou émise de quelque façon que ce soit par le patient. Le module de commande électronique traite des signaux émis par le détecteur et évalue l'éventualité d'un épanchement.
PCT/US1998/019378 1997-09-23 1998-09-17 Procede et dispositif de detection optique d'un epanchement WO1999015074A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU95698/98A AU9569898A (en) 1997-09-23 1998-09-17 Optical extravasation detection method and apparatus
EP98949360A EP1017311A4 (fr) 1997-09-23 1998-09-17 Procede et dispositif de detection optique d'un epanchement
CA002301209A CA2301209A1 (fr) 1997-09-23 1998-09-17 Procede et dispositif de detection optique d'un epanchement
JP2000512453A JP2001517469A (ja) 1997-09-23 1998-09-17 光学式管外遊出検出方法および装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US5974997P 1997-09-23 1997-09-23
US60/059,749 1997-09-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999015074A1 true WO1999015074A1 (fr) 1999-04-01

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PCT/US1998/019378 WO1999015074A1 (fr) 1997-09-23 1998-09-17 Procede et dispositif de detection optique d'un epanchement

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EP (1) EP1017311A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001517469A (fr)
AU (1) AU9569898A (fr)
CA (1) CA2301209A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999015074A1 (fr)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001003757A2 (fr) 1999-07-14 2001-01-18 Mallinckrodt Inc. Systeme distributeur de fluide medical
US6468261B1 (en) 1999-07-14 2002-10-22 Mallinckrodt Inc. Medical fluid delivery system
US6487428B1 (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-11-26 Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Extravasation detection apparatus and method based on optical sensing
WO2004052431A1 (fr) 2002-12-10 2004-06-24 Neorad As Detecteur d'extravasation
EP1472973A1 (fr) * 2003-04-28 2004-11-03 Nemoto Kyorindo Co., Ltd. Détecteur de fuite utilisant de signaux impulsionnels
WO2004093672A1 (fr) * 2003-04-23 2004-11-04 Infrared Imaging Systems, Inc. Procede pour deceler et visualiser l'extravasation et l'infiltration de fluides et de substances dans un tissu sous-cutane ou intradermique
EP1800704A1 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2007-06-27 Nemoto Kyorindo Co., Ltd. Détecteur de fuite
US7801583B2 (en) 2002-12-10 2010-09-21 Neorad As Extravasation detector
WO2010136837A1 (fr) * 2009-05-29 2010-12-02 Gambro Lundia Ab Attache de raccordement électrique pour détecteurs médicaux
US20130083331A1 (en) * 2010-06-17 2013-04-04 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. System for monitoring the position of a tube's distal end relative to a blood vessel
WO2014029423A1 (fr) * 2012-08-21 2014-02-27 Optomeditech Oy Ensemble cathéter intravasculaire
WO2014042773A1 (fr) * 2012-09-02 2014-03-20 Ivwatch, Llc Systèmes et procédés pour l'atténuation des effets de modifications de volumes de sang de tissus pour l'aide au diagnostic d'infiltration ou d'extravasation dans le tissu animalia
WO2014116277A1 (fr) * 2013-01-22 2014-07-31 Ivwatch, Llc Géométrie d'un capteur transcutané
US9326686B2 (en) 2012-03-12 2016-05-03 Ivwatch, Llc System and method for mitigating the effects of tissue blood volume changes to aid in diagnosing infiltration or extravasation in animalia tissue
US9782532B2 (en) 2009-02-06 2017-10-10 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Apparatus and method for the vibratory stimulation of at least one portion of a vascular access device for its monitoring

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US8376978B2 (en) * 2007-02-09 2013-02-19 Baxter International Inc. Optical access disconnection systems and methods
AU2008354310B2 (en) 2008-04-01 2014-02-20 Gambro Lundia Ab An apparatus and a method for monitoring a vascular access

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Cited By (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6355024B1 (en) 1999-07-14 2002-03-12 Mallinckrodt Inc. Medical fluid delivery system
US6468261B1 (en) 1999-07-14 2002-10-22 Mallinckrodt Inc. Medical fluid delivery system
US6623455B2 (en) 1999-07-14 2003-09-23 Mallinckrodt, Inc. Medical fluid delivery system
WO2001003757A2 (fr) 1999-07-14 2001-01-18 Mallinckrodt Inc. Systeme distributeur de fluide medical
US6487428B1 (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-11-26 Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Extravasation detection apparatus and method based on optical sensing
WO2004052431A1 (fr) 2002-12-10 2004-06-24 Neorad As Detecteur d'extravasation
US7801583B2 (en) 2002-12-10 2010-09-21 Neorad As Extravasation detector
WO2004093672A1 (fr) * 2003-04-23 2004-11-04 Infrared Imaging Systems, Inc. Procede pour deceler et visualiser l'extravasation et l'infiltration de fluides et de substances dans un tissu sous-cutane ou intradermique
US8320999B2 (en) 2003-04-28 2012-11-27 Nemoto Kyorindo Co., Ltd. Leak detector for detecting leak of liquid injected into blood vessel using pulse signal
EP1472973A1 (fr) * 2003-04-28 2004-11-03 Nemoto Kyorindo Co., Ltd. Détecteur de fuite utilisant de signaux impulsionnels
CN100369638C (zh) * 2003-04-28 2008-02-20 株式会社根本杏林堂 使用脉冲信号检测注射到血管的液体泄漏的泄漏检测器
US7546776B2 (en) 2003-04-28 2009-06-16 Nemoto Kyorindo Co., Ltd. Leak detector for detecting leak of liquid injected into blood vessel using pulse signal
EP1800704A1 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2007-06-27 Nemoto Kyorindo Co., Ltd. Détecteur de fuite
EP1800704A4 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2012-01-18 Nemoto Kyorindo Co Ltd Détecteur de fuite
US10098999B2 (en) 2009-02-06 2018-10-16 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Apparatus and method for the vibratory stimulation of at least one portion of a vascular access device for its monitoring
US9782532B2 (en) 2009-02-06 2017-10-10 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Apparatus and method for the vibratory stimulation of at least one portion of a vascular access device for its monitoring
WO2010136837A1 (fr) * 2009-05-29 2010-12-02 Gambro Lundia Ab Attache de raccordement électrique pour détecteurs médicaux
US8981948B2 (en) 2009-05-29 2015-03-17 Gambro Lundia Ab Electrical connector clip for medical sensors
RU2567593C2 (ru) * 2010-06-17 2015-11-10 Конинклейке Филипс Электроникс Н.В. Система контроля положения дистального конца трубки относительно кровеносного сосуда
US9915523B2 (en) * 2010-06-17 2018-03-13 Koninklijke Philips N.V. System for monitoring the position of a tube's distal end relative to a blood vessel
US20130083331A1 (en) * 2010-06-17 2013-04-04 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. System for monitoring the position of a tube's distal end relative to a blood vessel
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EP1017311A4 (fr) 2004-07-21
AU9569898A (en) 1999-04-12
JP2001517469A (ja) 2001-10-09
CA2301209A1 (fr) 1999-04-01

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