WO1999005392A1 - Method and apparatus for removing oil from oil-contaminated particulate material as e.g. waste drilling mud - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for removing oil from oil-contaminated particulate material as e.g. waste drilling mud Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999005392A1 WO1999005392A1 PCT/GB1998/002217 GB9802217W WO9905392A1 WO 1999005392 A1 WO1999005392 A1 WO 1999005392A1 GB 9802217 W GB9802217 W GB 9802217W WO 9905392 A1 WO9905392 A1 WO 9905392A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- phase
- microemulsion
- surfactant
- water
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000316848 Rhodococcus <scale insect> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000203751 Gordonia <actinomycete> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000204066 Tsukamurella Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- UBCKGWBNUIFUST-YHYXMXQVSA-N tetrachlorvinphos Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)O\C(=C/Cl)C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl UBCKGWBNUIFUST-YHYXMXQVSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 aliphatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ISAVYTVYFVQUDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-Octylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ISAVYTVYFVQUDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- XRWMGCFJVKDVMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M didodecyl(dimethyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCC XRWMGCFJVKDVMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- IUSOXUFUXZORBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dioctyloctan-1-amine;hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[NH+](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC IUSOXUFUXZORBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010961 commercial manufacture process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 62
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003876 biosurfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- BHNQPLPANNDEGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-octylphenoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(OCCO)C=C1 BHNQPLPANNDEGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYOVMAREBTZLBT-KTKRTIGZSA-N CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO QYOVMAREBTZLBT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000022673 Distal myopathy, Welander type Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000034384 Welander type distal myopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000464 low-speed centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003348 petrochemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/005—Waste disposal systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/009—Heating or cooling mechanisms specially adapted for settling tanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/01—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation using flocculating agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/26—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
- C02F1/682—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of chemical compounds for dispersing an oily layer on water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/344—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used for digestion of mineral oil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/063—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by separating components
- E21B21/065—Separating solids from drilling fluids
- E21B21/066—Separating solids from drilling fluids with further treatment of the solids, e.g. for disposal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/068—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole using chemical treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2221/00—Applications of separation devices
- B01D2221/04—Separation devices for treating liquids from earth drilling, mining
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method for the remediation of waste drilling muds generated during oil-winning operations.
- the process involves conversion of the oil in the mud to a water-in-oil microemulsion, and its subsequent extraction from the particulate fraction by floatation. Muds so treated are rendered entirely free of oil.
- the residue a mixture of rock particles and colloidal clay
- the recovered oil can be re-used, burned or biodegraded.
- Drilling muds are used as lubricants and stabilisers in the drilling of wells as part of the oil-winning operation. There are a large number of different mud formulations but they can be subdivided into just two groups, those based on oil and those based on water. Oil-based muds generally perform better than water- based muds and are in common use where drilling operations is particularly difficult. For example, oil-based muds are used almost exclusively in North Sea oil-winning operations, as a consequence of the practice of horizontal (as opposed to vertical) drilling.
- Oil-based muds consist of an oil, which may be a mineral oil or a synthetic oil plus a detergent plus variable amounts of colloidal clay (e.g. bentonite), added as required during the drilling operation.
- the oil acts basically as a lubricant and the colloidal clay stabilises the walls of the well.
- a used drilling mud consists of the original oil-lubricant, variable amounts of colloidal clay, sea-water and drilled rock particles.
- a commercially viable WDM remediation/bioremediation technology must reduce the oil content of the WDM to 1% w/w oil or less.
- the infrastructure to support it must also conform to weight- and power- requirements for installation on the rig should on-rig processing be desired (transport to shore prior to processing will incur a high cost disincentive) .
- relatively stringent performance factors must be met for any potentially viable technology. This necessarily means that relatively straightforward technologies, requiring plant with a minimum of sophistication, will be preferred.
- a method for removing oil from oil-contaminated particulate material comprising the steps of mixing the oil-contaminated material with a microemulsion-forming surfactant, and an excess of water, or an aqueous salt solution, and allowing the resulting mixture to separate into an upper microemulsion phase, an intermediate conjugate polar phase (i.e. the aqueous phase in this case) and a lower layer of oil free solids.
- the oil-contaminated particulate material is waste drilling mud.
- the water or aqueous salt solution may be added before, after or together with the surfactant.
- a microemulsion for use in the present invention is preferably one wherein the contact interfacial tension generated between a microemulsion phase and a conjugate polar phase is extremely low. Most preferably the interfacial tension is less than 10" 4 mNm" 1 .
- the microemulsion is chosen from the group comprising sodium bis-2-ethylhexyl sulphosuccinate, sodium dodecyl sulphate, didodecyldimethyl ammonium bromide, trioctyl ammonium chloride, hexadexyltrimethylammonium bromide, polyoxyethylene ethers of aliphatic alcohols, polyoxyethylene ethers of 4-t-octylphenol, and polyoxyetheylene esters of sorbitol and any other cationic, anionic or nonionic detergent either in commercial manufacture, or custom synthesized or biologically manufactured.
- the method may further comprise the steps of temperature and/or ionic strength adjustment to enable ultralow surface tensions to be established.
- the invention permits a Winsor Type II system to be established comprising an upper microemulsion phase containing all the oil and surfactant, a middle aqueous phase and a lower solids phase, wherein the solids phase is devoid of oil.
- the method further comprises a step wherein the oil is recovered.
- Recovered oil may be reused.
- the method may comprise a step wherein the oil in microemulsion form is biodegraded by inoculation with hydrocarbon degrading micro-organisms.
- bacteria belonging to the genera Rhodococcus or Gordona or Tsukamurella or a mixture of these may be used to degrade the oil .
- the invention further provides an apparatus for carrying out the method as disclosed herein.
- the apparatus comprises a tank reactor for batch-mode separation.
- the apparatus comprises a centrifugal reactor for continuous separation.
- the novel element of the invention is the conversion of the oil in the WDM into an oil-continuous (water-in-oil, w/o) microemulsion. This is achieved by the addition of surfactant, water and (optionally) a salt.
- the surfactant is one of a particular group of surfactants which stabilise microemulsions.
- an excess amount of water is added such that the resulting system consists of two phases: an upper oil-continuous microemulsion phase (containing all of the oil, all of the surfactant and some water) and a lower water phase containing most of the salt (if present) . This is known as a Winsor Type II system.
- Microemulsions, and multiphase systems such as the Winsor II, in which one of the phases is a microemulsion, are a recognised and singular group of colloidal systems which are characterised by the fact that they are thermodynamically stable. This single factor distinguishes microemulsions from all other multicomponent systems containing surfactant, including ordinary emulsions which, by definition, are unstable with respect to a system of separate phases. Microemulsions form spontaneously when their components are mixed (this is the corollary of thermodynamic stability) and, once formed, remain so unless measures are taken to break the microemulsion (usually by adding salt or changing the temperature) .
- Microemulsion-forming surfactants are described in the literature, and it is possible to determine, for any given surfactant, whether it will or will not form a microemulsion.
- Microemulsion-forming surfactants can be selected from the range of existing commercially available surfactants, or they can be custom-designed, or they can be purified from a living organism, biosurfactants .
- microemulsions relevant to this invention are the fact that the contact interfacial tension generated between a microemulsion phase and a conjugate polar phase (e.g. water, air, or a solid material such as clay) is extremely low. Under certain conditions it can be immeasurably low ( ⁇ 10 "4 mNm "1 ) .
- the interfacial tension of an oil such as n-heptane and water is of the order of lOOmNm "1 , i.e. higher by a factor of at least 10 6 .
- Ultralow surface tensions, hence water or microemulsion formation, is established, for a given surfactant, by appropriate adjustment of temperature and salt concentration (ionic strength) .
- This invention is based on the concept that, on microemulsification, the interfacial surface tension between the oil and the particulate phases of the WDM will decrease to essentially zero and that this will facilitate the separation of the two phases, on addition of water or aqueous salts solution.
- the process can be envisaged in two stages: (i) conversion of the oil to a w/o microemulsion and (ii) separation of the microemulsified oil from the cuttings by floatation, once again using water or aqueous salts solution.
- these two steps can be combined by establishing conditions which permit the formation of a Winsor II system (namely by stirring the WDM with surfactant, water and (optionally) salt, at a suitable temperature for a suitable length of time.
- microemulsification which is normally complete in a matter of seconds or minutes
- the system is permitted to phase-separate (this process may be facilitated by low-speed centrifugation) .
- the resulting Winsor II consists of an upper microemulsion phase, containing all of the oil and surfactant, a middle aqueous and a lower oil free solids phase, absolutely devoid of oil.
- the oil and surfactant may be separated (i.e. the microemulsion decomposed or broken) using well- documented procedures.
- the recovered Winsor II is warmed or cooled such that the surfactant partitions entirely out of the oil-phase, resulting in a two-phase system, one of pure oil and one of an aqueous surfactant solution.
- the direction of the temperature change is dictated by the type of surfactant used.
- the recovered microemulsion phase is stirred with water containing no salts . On standing the mixture separates out into an oil phase containing no surfactant and aqueous solution of the surfactant.
- the resulting aqueous surfactant phase can be recycled to the phase- separation reactor.
- the recovered, pure oil can be reused, burned, or biodegraded.
- the scope of the invention includes the option to biodegrade the w/o microemulsion, rather than recover the surfactant.
- the Winsor II is inoculated with micro-organisms which degrade the oil (preferably oil-tolerant, hydrocarbon-oxidising organisms belonging to the genus Rhodococcus) .
- the Winsor system becomes an emulsion consisting of droplets of water-in-oil microemulsion in a continuous aqueous phase.
- microemulsified nature of the oil confers the specific advantage that the degree of dispersion of the microemulsion phase obtained for a given stirring rate (shear force), and hence the total interfacial surface area generated, is much greater than for the equivalent water+oil (no surfactant) system. This again is a consequence of the ultralow surface-tension condition.
- Good dispersion facilitates bioremediation on the basis the availability of interfacial surface area is rate limiting in hydrocarbon biodegradation.
- a sample of waste drilling mud was obtained from a North Sea drilling platform.
- the material consists of oil (13 + /_ 1% by weight), the remainder being solid material. This material was treated as follows:
- the invention extends to
- surfactant ionic, or non-ionic, including but not restricted to, sodium bis-2- ethylhexyl sulphosuccinate; sodium dodecyl sulphate; didodecyldimethyl ammonium bromide; trioctylammonium chloride; hexadexyltrimethylammonium bromide; polyoxyethylene ethers of aliphatic alcohols, e.g. Brij 56, Brij 96; polyoxyethylene ethers of 4-t- octylphenol, e.g. Triton X-100, Nonidet P40; polyoxyethylene esters of sorbitol, e.g. Tween 85. Biosurfactants may also be used.
- any other type of surface-active component (commonly known as a co-surfactant), which complements the function of the designated surfactant.
- examples include but are not restricted to any member alcohol compound, any carboxylic acid compound and any halogenated hydrocarbon compound.
- oil is taken to mean a water-immiscible hydrocarbon compound or silicone compound, or derivatives or mixtures thereof.
- any microemulsion-stabilising surfactant or a mixture of several, and includes both biodegradable or non-biodegradable surfactants of any origin including biosurfactants .
- Any salt may be used.
- Surfactants and salts may be used in any combination.
- Oil-based drilling muds of any formulation are oils-based drilling muds of any formulation.
- phase-separation can be carried out in a simple tank reactor (separation of the microemulsion, water and particulate phases according to buoyant density, under gravity) .
- a Winsor II system i.e. water, surfactant and a volume of clean oil to prime the system
- WDM introduced at the centre-of-rotation passes under centripetal acceleration through the microemulsion phase, where the oil is retained, and the clean particulate material passes through into the water-phase (thus the microemulsion phase acts as a "liquid membrane"). This can be modified for continuous operation.
- the invention is designed principally to deal with WDMs but can be extended to include any oil-contaminated particulate material, including soils contaminated with petrochemicals and sand and swarf contaminated with oil-based cutting fluids, generated in metal fabrication.
- the invention has the advantage that it requires no sophisticated plant or expensive material for its operation.
- the invention is flexible enough to take cost into account in choosing the surfactant. There are no unwanted by-products.
- the surfactant can be recovered and recycled with high efficiency.
- Biodegradation of the oil in Winsor II microemulsion form in a continuously stirred tank reactor configuration, has the advantage that extremely high surface areas are generated. This leads to good contact between bacteria and oil and hence best possible rates of oil-degradation.
- Bacteria belonging to the genus Rhodococcus are specified on the basis of their oil-tolerance and well-documented ability to degrade a wide range of hydrocarbons. If non-biodegradable surfactants are used there remains the possibility of recovery and recycling following oil degradation.
- the volume of the oil alone is far smaller (about 10%) of the volume of the WDM. Hence effectively the same amount of WDM is bio-treated in a reactor of correspondingly smaller dimension. In addition the cost of transportation to an on-shore site, if necessary, is reduced.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0001282A GB2342303B (en) | 1997-07-24 | 1998-07-24 | Method and apparatus for removing oil from oil-contaminated particulate material as e.g waste drilling mud |
AU85473/98A AU8547398A (en) | 1997-07-24 | 1998-07-24 | Method and apparatus for removing oil from oil-contaminated particulate materialas e.g. waste drilling mud |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9715539.4 | 1997-07-24 | ||
GBGB9715539.4A GB9715539D0 (en) | 1997-07-24 | 1997-07-24 | Surfactant system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999005392A1 true WO1999005392A1 (en) | 1999-02-04 |
Family
ID=10816338
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1998/002217 WO1999005392A1 (en) | 1997-07-24 | 1998-07-24 | Method and apparatus for removing oil from oil-contaminated particulate material as e.g. waste drilling mud |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU8547398A (en) |
GB (2) | GB9715539D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999005392A1 (en) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1031365A1 (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2000-08-30 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for forming agglomerates of particles by wetting |
GB2347682A (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2000-09-13 | Univ Napier | A method for the extraction of oil by microemulsification |
GB2358015A (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2001-07-11 | Cuthbertson Maunsell Ltd | Treatment of oil-based drilling mud cuttings |
EP1145776A1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-10-17 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Method of cleaning hydrocarbon contaminated solids using esters of animal or vegetable oils |
JP2002239368A (en) * | 2001-02-14 | 2002-08-27 | Japan Energy Corp | New surface active agent and production method therefor |
WO2005023430A1 (en) * | 2003-09-09 | 2005-03-17 | Specialised Petroleum Services Group Limited | Waste solid cleaning |
WO2006061556A1 (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2006-06-15 | Surfactant Technologies Limited | Enhanced slurrification method |
US7134496B2 (en) | 2004-09-03 | 2006-11-14 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method of removing an invert emulsion filter cake after the drilling process using a single phase microemulsion |
JP2007135425A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-06-07 | Ritsumeikan | Microorganism capable of cleaning actually contaminated soil in good efficiency and method of cleaning |
US7709421B2 (en) | 2004-09-03 | 2010-05-04 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Microemulsions to convert OBM filter cakes to WBM filter cakes having filtration control |
US7913776B2 (en) | 2007-05-07 | 2011-03-29 | Nahmad David Gandhi | Method and system to recover usable oil-based drilling muds from used and unacceptable oil-based drilling muds |
US8091644B2 (en) | 2004-09-03 | 2012-01-10 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Microemulsion or in-situ microemulsion for releasing stuck pipe |
WO2016210061A1 (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2016-12-29 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Recovering base oil from contaminated invert emulsion fluid for making new oil-/synthetic-based fluids |
US10647601B2 (en) | 2014-07-02 | 2020-05-12 | Mekorot Water Company, Ltd | Method for bioremediation of contaminated water |
CN113979601A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-01-28 | 杭州大地海洋环保股份有限公司 | Method for treating oil stain wastewater |
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DE3336980A1 (en) * | 1983-10-11 | 1985-04-18 | Sloman Neptun Schiffahrts AG, 2800 Bremen | Process and apparatus for cleaning solid particles contaminated by hydrocarbons and, in particular, oil or derivatives thereof |
US4938876A (en) * | 1989-03-02 | 1990-07-03 | Ohsol Ernest O | Method for separating oil and water emulsions |
WO1990009507A1 (en) * | 1989-02-07 | 1990-08-23 | Gulf Canada Resources Limited | Oil removal from hydrocarbon contaminated cuttings |
US5496469A (en) * | 1993-07-20 | 1996-03-05 | Scraggs; Charles R. | Apparatus for reducing and separating emulsions and homgeneous components from contaminated water |
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FR2468402B2 (en) * | 1978-11-13 | 1983-11-04 | Elf Aquitaine | AQUEOUS MICROEMULSIONS OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES |
NO165797C (en) * | 1985-01-03 | 1991-04-10 | Berol Kemi Ab | SURFACE ACTIVE COMPOUND AND EMULSION CONTAINING THIS, AND USE THEREOF. |
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1997
- 1997-07-24 GB GBGB9715539.4A patent/GB9715539D0/en active Pending
-
1998
- 1998-07-24 GB GB0001282A patent/GB2342303B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-24 WO PCT/GB1998/002217 patent/WO1999005392A1/en active Application Filing
- 1998-07-24 AU AU85473/98A patent/AU8547398A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
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US3716480A (en) * | 1971-06-21 | 1973-02-13 | Demco Inc | Method and apparatus for cleaning solids coated with oil |
DE3336980A1 (en) * | 1983-10-11 | 1985-04-18 | Sloman Neptun Schiffahrts AG, 2800 Bremen | Process and apparatus for cleaning solid particles contaminated by hydrocarbons and, in particular, oil or derivatives thereof |
WO1990009507A1 (en) * | 1989-02-07 | 1990-08-23 | Gulf Canada Resources Limited | Oil removal from hydrocarbon contaminated cuttings |
US4938876A (en) * | 1989-03-02 | 1990-07-03 | Ohsol Ernest O | Method for separating oil and water emulsions |
US5496469A (en) * | 1993-07-20 | 1996-03-05 | Scraggs; Charles R. | Apparatus for reducing and separating emulsions and homgeneous components from contaminated water |
Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1031365A1 (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2000-08-30 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for forming agglomerates of particles by wetting |
GB2347682A (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2000-09-13 | Univ Napier | A method for the extraction of oil by microemulsification |
WO2000054868A2 (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2000-09-21 | The Court Of Napier University | A method for the extraction of oil by microemulsification |
WO2000054868A3 (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2001-03-01 | Univ Napier | A method for the extraction of oil by microemulsification |
GB2347682B (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2003-08-20 | Univ Napier | A method for the extraction of oil by mircoemulsification |
GB2358015A (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2001-07-11 | Cuthbertson Maunsell Ltd | Treatment of oil-based drilling mud cuttings |
EP1145776A1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-10-17 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Method of cleaning hydrocarbon contaminated solids using esters of animal or vegetable oils |
FR2807680A1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-10-19 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | METHOD FOR CLEANING HYDROCARBON POLLUTED SOLIDS USING VEGETABLE OR ANIMAL OIL ESTERS |
JP2002239368A (en) * | 2001-02-14 | 2002-08-27 | Japan Energy Corp | New surface active agent and production method therefor |
WO2005023430A1 (en) * | 2003-09-09 | 2005-03-17 | Specialised Petroleum Services Group Limited | Waste solid cleaning |
GB2421502B (en) * | 2003-09-09 | 2007-09-26 | Specialised Petroleum Serv Ltd | Waste solid cleaning |
GB2421502A (en) * | 2003-09-09 | 2006-06-28 | Specialised Petroleum Serv Ltd | Waste solid cleaning |
US7134496B2 (en) | 2004-09-03 | 2006-11-14 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method of removing an invert emulsion filter cake after the drilling process using a single phase microemulsion |
US7687439B2 (en) | 2004-09-03 | 2010-03-30 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method of removing an invert emulsion filter cake after the drilling process using a single phase microemulsion |
US7709421B2 (en) | 2004-09-03 | 2010-05-04 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Microemulsions to convert OBM filter cakes to WBM filter cakes having filtration control |
US7838467B2 (en) | 2004-09-03 | 2010-11-23 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Microemulsions to convert OBM filter cakes to WBM filter cakes having filtration control |
US8091644B2 (en) | 2004-09-03 | 2012-01-10 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Microemulsion or in-situ microemulsion for releasing stuck pipe |
WO2006061556A1 (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2006-06-15 | Surfactant Technologies Limited | Enhanced slurrification method |
US8362093B2 (en) | 2004-12-09 | 2013-01-29 | Surface Active Solutions (Holdings) Limited | Enhanced slurrification method |
JP2007135425A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-06-07 | Ritsumeikan | Microorganism capable of cleaning actually contaminated soil in good efficiency and method of cleaning |
US7913776B2 (en) | 2007-05-07 | 2011-03-29 | Nahmad David Gandhi | Method and system to recover usable oil-based drilling muds from used and unacceptable oil-based drilling muds |
US10647601B2 (en) | 2014-07-02 | 2020-05-12 | Mekorot Water Company, Ltd | Method for bioremediation of contaminated water |
WO2016210061A1 (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2016-12-29 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Recovering base oil from contaminated invert emulsion fluid for making new oil-/synthetic-based fluids |
CN113979601A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-01-28 | 杭州大地海洋环保股份有限公司 | Method for treating oil stain wastewater |
CN113979601B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-09-19 | 杭州大地海洋环保股份有限公司 | Greasy dirt waste water treatment method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2342303A (en) | 2000-04-12 |
GB0001282D0 (en) | 2000-03-08 |
GB2342303B (en) | 2002-01-23 |
AU8547398A (en) | 1999-02-16 |
GB9715539D0 (en) | 1997-10-01 |
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