WO1998056824A2 - Incorporation of pharmacologically active amino acid analogues into proteins - Google Patents
Incorporation of pharmacologically active amino acid analogues into proteins Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998056824A2 WO1998056824A2 PCT/EP1998/003398 EP9803398W WO9856824A2 WO 1998056824 A2 WO1998056824 A2 WO 1998056824A2 EP 9803398 W EP9803398 W EP 9803398W WO 9856824 A2 WO9856824 A2 WO 9856824A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- amino acid
- polypeptide
- carrier
- peptide
- host cell
- Prior art date
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- XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N thyroxine-binding globulin Natural products IC1=CC(CC([NH3+])C([O-])=O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1 XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000031998 transcytosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002424 x-ray crystallography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012982 x-ray structure analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which contains at least one pharmacologically active amino acid analog as active ingredient incorporated in a peptide or polypeptide as carrier or vehicle. Methods for producing such pharmaceutical compositions are also disclosed.
- thiazolidine-2-carboxylic acid thioproline
- thioproline is known to have an effect in the human body as an antioxidant, radical scavenger, nitrite scavenger and suppressor of nitrite-induced carcinogenesis, while its role in the reversion of cancer is still controversial.
- Pharmacologically active amino acid analogs have hitherto been available in free form in various ways, e.g. orally or parenterally. However, undesirable strong side effects were often observed, especially when thioproline was administered.
- amino acid analogs e.g. Thioproline
- chemical peptide analogues by chemical synthesis which itself have pharmacological properties, e.g. as enzyme inhibitors (see e.g. Baldwin et al., Structure 3 (1995), 581-590).
- enzyme inhibitors see e.g. Baldwin et al., Structure 3 (1995), 581-590.
- active substance precursors which release the actual active substance, the amino acid analogue, upon physiological degradation.
- the object underlying the present invention was therefore to provide an improved method for the administration of pharmacologically active amino acid analogs.
- synthetic or biosynthetic incorporation of pharmacologically active analogs into peptides or polypeptides as carriers or vehicles represents a new and interesting possibility for the administration and targeting of such active substances.
- naturally occurring, genetically coded amino acids in the peptide or polypeptide sequence of the carrier are preferably replaced by non-genetically coded, pharmacologically active amino acid analogs which are similar to the natural amino acids in form, in steric complementarity and in volume, so as to avoid steric conflicts to prevent.
- carrier peptides or polypeptides are generated which retain their characteristic folding and functional activity as well as their biologically active conformation. Accordingly, the immunological or antigenic properties of such mutants remain essentially unchanged.
- peptide or polypeptide carriers which contain a pharmacologically active amino acid analog built into their amino acid chain, serve as active substance precursors or prodrugs that are physiologically broken down in the body after administration and in this way release the actual active substance, the amino acid analog.
- amino acid analogs into peptides and polypeptides can be done by synthetic and semi-synthetic methods as well as by recombinant DNA technology. While peptides and smaller proteins with a molecular weight of ⁇ 10 kDa are accessible using methods of chemical synthesis, an effective recombinant expression system, such as the bacterial T7 promoter polymerase system, is required for larger proteins which are preferred as carriers.
- the present invention thus relates to a pharmaceutical composition which contains at least one amino acid analog incorporated as active ingredient in a peptide or polypeptide and optionally pharmaceutically customary auxiliaries, additives or carriers.
- the amino acid analog is preferably incorporated in such a way that the resulting modified peptide or polypeptide maintains its natural conformation.
- an amino acid analog is generally installed instead of a structurally related natural amino acid.
- Suitable amino acid analogs are halogen analogs, ie amino acids which have at least one additional halogen group compared to naturally occurring, genetically coded amino acids.
- halogen analogs ie amino acids which have at least one additional halogen group compared to naturally occurring, genetically coded amino acids.
- the introduction of such amino acid analogs into polypeptides for example fluoro-phenylalanine (Cohen and Munier, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 31 (1 959), 347-356), fluoro-tyrosine (Sykes et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 71 (1 974), 469-473), fluorotryptophan (Browne et al., Biochim. Biophys. Res. Commun.
- the bioincorporation of the amino acid analogs can generally be achieved by (i) in vitro suppression or circumvention or elimination of the aminoacylation of tRNA or (ii) selection pressure incorporation (SPI) methods.
- SPI selection pressure incorporation
- the so-called nonsense suppression phenomenon is used in the in vitro suppression method, whereby harmful stop codons inserted into a DNA sequence by mutation can be compensated for in vivo by reading this stop codon as another natural amino acid.
- site-specific mutagenesis to introduce stop codons into the coding sequence and using synthetically modified suppressor tRNAs that specifically target such introduced termination codons, i.e. Recognize nonsense suppression sites, it is possible to introduce various unnatural amino acids at defined positions of proteins (Noren et al., Science 244 (1 989), 1 82-1 88).
- cells in particular bacterial cells, are cultivated in a defined medium with a limited concentration of the natural amino acid to be replaced in each case, the transcription of the target gene remaining switched off. After consumption of the natural amino acid and the beginning of the stationary growth phase, the natural amino acid is replaced by the respective analog. Induction of the biosynthesis of the recombinant target protein leads to the production of a protein which contains only or partially the unnatural amino acid analogue instead of the naturally occurring amino acid.
- the amino acid analog is particularly preferably incorporated into a recombinant mammalian polypeptide which has a molecular mass ⁇ 10 kDa.
- the carrier containing an amino acid analog is a peptide or a polypeptide which has a largely or even completely identical spatial structure with a corresponding wild-type polypeptide (ie a same amino acid sequence but instead of the analog having the natural amino acid).
- the correspondence of the spatial structures of analog-modified polypeptide and unmodified polypeptide are preferably determined by X-ray structure analysis.
- the selection of the carrier peptides or polypeptides for the pharmacologically active amino acid analogue is advantageously carried out in accordance with the particular application.
- tissue-specific means that the carrier is selected such that it preferably reaches its intended site of action selectively by tissue-specific mechanisms, for example carrier-mediated uptake or receptor-mediated absorptive endocytosis or transcytosis.
- tissue-specific mechanisms for example carrier-mediated uptake or receptor-mediated absorptive endocytosis or transcytosis.
- the carrier can be taken up into the desired target cell and can be degraded physiologically into individual amino acids within this cell, the amino acid analog being released as a pharmacologically active substance. In this way it is possible to transport the active substance to any desired location on the body by selecting suitable carriers.
- tissue-specific endocytosis and / or adsorptive endocytosis for example, even the blood-brain barrier can be overcome (Abbott and Romero, Molecular Medicine Today, March 1 996, 106-1 13).
- the carrier peptides can be administered orally, rectally, parenterally (intramuscularly or intravenously) or by inhalation.
- the optimum dosage for the respective application can easily be determined by a person skilled in the art by simple experiments.
- Another object of the present invention is a method for producing a precursor for a pharmacological active ingredient, wherein at least one amino acid analogue is incorporated into a carrier selected from peptides and polypeptides and the resulting carrier is brought into a pharmaceutically acceptable form.
- the amino acid analog can be incorporated by chemical synthesis, for example solid phase peptide synthesis, or preferably in vivo in a host cell.
- Host cells include the incorporation of the amino acid analog carrier, preferably the following steps:
- a prokaryotic cell in particular an E. coli cell, is preferably used as the host cell. It is further preferred that an auxotrophic host cell is used for the amino acid to be replaced by the amino acid analogue and that the amino acid to be replaced is added to the medium in step (a) of the above process.
- auxotrophic host cell is used for the amino acid to be replaced by the amino acid analogue and that the amino acid to be replaced is added to the medium in step (a) of the above process.
- Such host cells which are auxotrophic for one or more amino acids, are well known and can optionally be readily produced by mutating individual genes responsible for the biosynthesis of certain amino acids.
- any regulatable expression control sequences can be used for the method according to the invention, for example promoters which are recognized by an endogenous DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of the host cell.
- suitable prokaryotic regulatable expression control sequences are chemically regulatable expression control sequences such as the lac, the trp or the tac expression system or temperature-regulatable expression systems such as the ⁇ expression system.
- a bacteriophage is used as the regulatable expression control sequence.
- Promoter in combination with a host cell which contains a gene for a bacteriophage DNA-dependent RNA polymerase which recognizes the promoter, this polymerase gene in turn being operatively linked to a further regulatable expression control sequence, for example a temperature-dependent ⁇ promoter.
- a T7 promoter is particularly preferably used in combination with a T7 RNA polymerase gene.
- Yet another aspect of the present invention is a method of administering a pharmacologically effective amino acid analog to a patient, preferably a human patient, wherein a pharmacologically effective amount of a suitable carrier peptide or carrier polypeptide containing the amino acid analog as part of its amino acid chain, optionally together with pharmaceutically customary auxiliaries, additives or carriers.
- a suitable carrier peptide or carrier polypeptide containing the amino acid analog as part of its amino acid chain, optionally together with pharmaceutically customary auxiliaries, additives or carriers.
- the pharmacologically effective amount of the carrier peptide or polypeptide can be varied over a wide range and depends on the type of carrier peptide or carrier polypeptide, the type of amino acid analogues administered and the type of disease. Dosages which are up to a factor of 10 to 100 below the dose which is required when the amino acid analogue is administered in free form can usually be used.
- the present invention relates to polypeptides which contain at least one thioproline residue, preferably at least 2 and particularly preferably at least 3 thioproline residues, as part of their amino acid chain.
- the polypeptides can also contain at least 5, in particular 5 to 25, thioproline residues.
- the polypeptides can also contain at least 5, in particular 5 to 25, thioproline residues.
- Polypeptides have a molecular mass> 10 kDa and contain several thioproline residues. It is particularly preferably recombinant
- Mammalian polypeptides that contain thioproline residues at the positions where proline residues are normally located.
- polypeptides can also be used in which additional mutagenesis
- Proline residues were introduced. These polypeptides can be used to prepare a pharmaceutical composition as previously described, e.g. as
- Tumor control agents are used. On the other hand, these can be used.
- Polypeptides can also be used to elucidate protein structures, in particular by means of crystallographic studies.
- the preparation of a polypeptide containing at least one thioproline residue preferably comprises the steps: (a) providing a host cell with a nucleic acid coding for a peptide or polypeptide with at least one proline residue in operative linkage with a regulatable expression control sequence, (b) cultivating the host cell under conditions in which the transcription of the nucleic acid coding for the peptide or polypeptide is at least largely is turned off, (c) adding thioproline and inducing expression of the peptide or polypeptide and (d) recovering the peptide or polypeptide from the host cell and / or the culture medium.
- E.coli DSM1 563 (F “ ⁇ S thr” leu “ arg “ pro “ his “ thi “ SmA r ara “ xyl “ lac “ gal) was obtained from the DSMZ (German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH) and for all transformations -, Expression and purification experiments used. All cultivation, fermentation and expression experiments were carried out in New Minimal Medium (NMM).
- NMM New Minimal Medium
- the E.coli strain DSM 1 563 was co-transformed with 2 plasmids according to the RbCI or CaCI procedure (Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning. A Laboratory Manual (1 989) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press): pRSET-PP4, which is a Plasmid of the pRSET family is (Schoepfer, Gene 1 24 (1 993), 83-85), which contains a gene sequence for AnnexinV under the control of a T7 promoter and an ampicillin resistance gene, and pGP1 -2, which is a gene for the T7 polymerase and contains a kanamycin resistance gene (Studier and Moffat (1 996, supra).
- the induction of the bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase leads to a strong expression of genes under the control of the T7 promoter.
- the bacteria were cultivated under selective pressure of 100 mg / l ampicillin and 70 mg / l kanamycin at 30 ° C.
- Bacterial cultivation and expression experiments were carried out as follows: 5 ml NMM with 0.3 mmol / l proline were inoculated with 5 ⁇ transformed E.coli DSM 1 563 glycerol culture and grown overnight at 30 ° C. 1 ml of the overnight culture was then used as an inoculum for 100 ml of prewarmed (37 ° C) NMM. 1 ml of this culture was used to inoculate 100 ml of NMM with 0.05 mmol / l proline.
- the protein synthesis in the cultures was induced by a temperature jump from 30 ° C to 42 ° C for half an hour together with the addition of thioproline to a final concentration of 1 mmol / l. Then the lines were fermented for 4 to 6 hours to express protein at 30 ° C.
- the recombinant AnnexinV was purified according to the method described by Burger et al. (1 993) FEBS Lett. 329 (1,993), 25-28, published method.
- the bacterial cells were disrupted by an osmotic shock and the protein was reversibly bound to liposomes in the presence of calcium.
- the protein was further purified by ion exchange chromatography on a DEAE-Sepharose column, buffered with 20 mmol / l to Tris pH 6.0, and eluted with a linear NaCl gradient (0-200 mmol / l).
- the purity of the recombinant protein was demonstrated by SDS-PAGE and silver staining, HPLC profile analysis and electrospray mass spectrum analysis.
- concentrations of protein samples were determined using a Perkin-Elmer Lambda 17 UV / VIS spectrophotometer assuming an extinction coefficient of 22500 I mol "1 cm " 1 as calculated from the amino acid composition.
- the yields of thioproline-containing annexin were 8 to 10 mg per liter of the culture.
- AnnexinV contains five surface localized proline residues.
- Pro 1 3 is located near the N-terminus in a flexible tail;
- Pro87, Pro 1 1 9 and Pro248 are each in two amino acid residues long loops that connect helices, and
- Pro 1 63 is in a long loop consisting of nine amino acid residues.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98936310A EP0998487A2 (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1998-06-05 | Incorporation of pharmacologically active amino acid analogues into proteins |
AU85363/98A AU8536398A (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1998-06-05 | Incorporation of pharmacologically active amino acid analogues into proteins |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19724670A DE19724670A1 (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1997-06-11 | Incorporation of pharmacologically active amino acid analogs into proteins |
DE19724670.2 | 1997-06-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998056824A2 true WO1998056824A2 (en) | 1998-12-17 |
WO1998056824A3 WO1998056824A3 (en) | 1999-04-08 |
Family
ID=7832171
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP1998/003398 WO1998056824A2 (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1998-06-05 | Incorporation of pharmacologically active amino acid analogues into proteins |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0998487A2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU8536398A (en) |
DE (1) | DE19724670A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998056824A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10255132A1 (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2004-07-15 | Max Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. | Composition containing peptide that includes amino acid analog, useful for treating e.g. cancer, where the peptide binds to and enters only specific target cells |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1993017713A1 (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-09-16 | Rijksuniversiteit Groningen | Pharmaceutical composition having site-specific delivery |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5061693A (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-10-29 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Fibrinogen receptor antagonists |
JPH0940577A (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 1997-02-10 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | Medicinal composition containing tripeptide or dipeptide |
-
1997
- 1997-06-11 DE DE19724670A patent/DE19724670A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1998
- 1998-06-05 WO PCT/EP1998/003398 patent/WO1998056824A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-05 AU AU85363/98A patent/AU8536398A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-05 EP EP98936310A patent/EP0998487A2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1993017713A1 (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-09-16 | Rijksuniversiteit Groningen | Pharmaceutical composition having site-specific delivery |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
BAI, J. P.F. ET AL.: "Utilization of peptide carrier system to improve intestinal absorption: ..." J. PHARM SCI., Bd. 81, Nr. 2, 1992, Seiten 113-116, XP000248774 * |
DATABASE WPI Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 97-175616 XP002084209 & JP 09 040577 A (MITSUI TOATSU CHEM INC) , 24. Mai 1995 * |
OKU, N. ET AL.: "Therapeutic efficacy of 5-fluorouracil prodrugs using endogenous serum proteins as carriers: ..." BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN, Bd. 2375a, 1995, Seiten 181-184, XP000491409 * |
SWAAN, P.W. ET AL.: "Prodrug approach using the intestinal peptide carrier" PHARM RES., Bd. 10, Nr. 10suppl., 1993, Seite s295 XP002084208 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE19724670A1 (en) | 1998-12-24 |
AU8536398A (en) | 1998-12-30 |
EP0998487A2 (en) | 2000-05-10 |
WO1998056824A3 (en) | 1999-04-08 |
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