WO1998054383A1

WO1998054383A1 - Method and device for fibrillation of filament yarn

Info

Publication number: WO1998054383A1
Application number: PCT/CH1998/000213
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kurt Klesel; René SUTTER
Original assignee: Heberlein Fasertechnologie Ag
Priority date: 1997-05-26
Filing date: 1998-05-22
Publication date: 1998-12-03

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for fibrillating textured yarn with a high-speed abrasive tool. The yarn is pulled across an abrasive tool section having an adjustable length. The normal tensile force of the yarn, for example on reeling or rereeling, or immediately after air bubble texturing, suffices as a clamping force. A very high fibrillation effect is obtained. Said effect can be selected with a broader scope by choosing a defined winding (α), and can be reproducibly regulated with the aid of a corresponding scaling. The device has a simple structure. In most cases, the desired fibrillation can be obtained, or an appropriate yarn-hairiness can be produced, by adjusting only one of the two yarn carriers.

Description

Method and device for fibrillation of filament yarn

Technical field

The invention relates to a method and a device for the fibrillation of filament yarn, in particular air-blasted textured yarn, with a high-speed rotating grinding tool.

State of the art

The invention is based on the solution of the same applicant according to DE 195 44 337. The previously air-blasted textured yarn is pulled over a processing support and the loop structure is processed ^■ on the side opposite the processing support with a grinding wheel. The machining depth between the grinding wheel and the machining support can be set in a targeted manner in the range of micromillimeters using micro-setting means. In this way, a desired spun yarn effect can be achieved for any yarn quality or for each yarn titer and this can be reproduced identically at any time for the same quality. In the larger number of practical uses, many threads running in parallel have to be processed at the same time, which makes a correspondingly large number of fibrillation devices necessary. The solution according to DE 195 44 337 requires considerable mechanical effort, especially for the micro-adjustment means described, which is disadvantageous as a corresponding cost. A number of successful practical applications have shown, however, that not only are there two problems shown in DE 195 44 337 for producing a spun yarn effect, but that the hairiness of the yarn that can be produced also has a positive effect for trouble-free winding and unwinding of the yarn is achievable with a corresponding increase in yarn transport and processing security. Many attempts have been made in the past, both in one case and the other. GB-PA 2 041 997 and GB 2 1 57 327 as well as DOS 35 35 085 show the "in line" use of the opening of loops, loops and bows on air-textured yarn. It is proposed that the textured yarn is guided around the rollers in at least one full turn via one or more rotatable rollers which are mounted one behind the other in the thread path in such a way that the thread center fed to the rollers preferably covers the thread center running off the rollers in its edge region and the loops, loops, arches and the like protruding above the thread core of the running thread center are clamped and opened on the roll. Rollers can also be used, which are provided with a rough surface on the outer edge. The separated filament pieces are sucked off in a subsequent lint trap. In practice, appropriate solutions can still be found here and there. Contrary to the original expectations, the desired uniform effect is often not achieved or at least not satisfactorily. The major disadvantage of these solutions is that the tearing off of the slings is not technically controllable. The intensity of the loop opening can be influenced by tighter guidance and, if necessary, special design of the abrasive surfaces. But it is e.g. impossible to control the demolition points. It is difficult to machine a single yarn using these solutions. For the multitude of yarn qualities, with any titer, there are too few intervention options to achieve a reproducible effect with a controlled, mechanical intervention. It is particularly disadvantageous that the thread tension is difficult to control or can be influenced unfavorably by completely wrapping the rolls.

GB-PS 759 939 shows a device with which attempts have been made to produce filaments with a uniform length but with a small proportion of short fibers by means of friction surfaces. Several pairs of friction rollers connected in series have been proposed. The applicant is not aware of whether corresponding multi-stage friction devices have ever been used in practice.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention was now to improve the fibrillation, on the one hand the intensity for a given yarn quality is reproducible and the manufacturing costs for the construction of the device should be as low as possible in order not only to be used individually but above all to be used in parallel in large quantities Allow quantities. The method according to the invention is characterized in that the yarn lies against the tool circumference over a definable section and the

Thread tension creates the contact pressure on the grinding tool for fibrillation.

The fibrillation device according to the invention is characterized in that a yarn guide is arranged in the yarn transport direction, before and after the grinding tool, to define a wrap angle of the yarn around the tool in a range from 1.0 to 180 °, preferably 1.0 to 90 °.

Already on the basis of the first test attempts, the inventors themselves were surprised that by completely pushing aside the previous understanding of the law, when fibrillation with the new approach almost immediately, at least in the picture, a double effect was achieved with half the effort. The conceptual model on which DE 195 44 337 was based, namely the takeover of grinding technology from the wood and plastic processing sector, could not lead to the optimal solution. Possibly one of the central reasons is that a spun or textured yarn is not a solid in the sense of wood or plastic, but is within the permissible yarn tensile forces or yarn tensions an inherently and laterally yielding structure. The inventors initially faced two central questions:

• How can the yarn be processed specifically on the surface without damage?

• How can this processing be influenced in terms of intensity and for different yarn qualities and titers, especially with an inexpensive device?

The newly recognized, essential parameters lie on the one hand in a definable machining section on the tool circumference, and on the other hand the utilization of the given thread tension as contact pressure. Extensive tests have subsequently confirmed that the usual thread tension e.g. When winding up, optimal results can already be obtained if a wrap angle between 1.0 and 90 ° is selected. It was also found that the variation of the thread tension or thread tension can be selected as a parameter for the intensity, but in most cases it is not necessary. The yarn can then be efficiently sanded "in line" after the air blast texturing and before winding. The wrap angle and thereby the grinding intensity are preferably defined by yarn guides arranged on both sides of the infeed and outfeed side of the yarn by the tool. As a very particularly simple solution, it is proposed that the wrap angle or the active machining length on the cutting tool, in particular in a range from 1.0 to 90 °, can be adjusted by adjusting at least one of the two yarn guides or the grinding tool. The yarn is advantageously guided with a diagonal offset to the axis of the grinding tool. In this way it can be achieved that the abrasive coating is used over a larger area. In addition, the yarn is given a low twist component, which increases the grinding effect. The invention also allows various advantageous configurations of the device. At least one of the two yarn guides or the grinding tool is preferably arranged in a definable, adjustable manner for the choice of different wrap angles or different grinding intensities. The two yarn guides are offset in the direction of the axis of rotation of the grinding tool, for diagonally guiding the yarn over the grinding tool. Due to the extreme reduction in the number of components required, the entire fibrillation device can be built very easily even in smaller series. The corresponding device has a support plate, on one side of which the drive motor and on the other side, flanged directly on the motor shaft, the grinding tool is arranged. The grinding tool is surrounded by a ring-shaped housing, preferably arranged coaxially to the grinding tool, with an end cover which is provided with a slot-shaped threading opening. A slight negative pressure is created inside the housing and at the same time the processing waste is sucked out of the grinding chamber. For this purpose, the housing has a tangentially arranged suction nozzle, which is arranged after the two yarn guides in the transport direction of the yarn.

The invention deliberately exploits the spatial curvature of the grinding tool in the wrapping area. This has the particular advantage that the grinding length given with the wrap angle and the grinding wheel diameter is approximately proportional to the grinding intensity, provided the thread tension remains unchanged. The effect is also influenced by the size of the grinding wheel diameter. The grinding tool can be designed as a cylindrical or conical grinding wheel and e.g. have a diameter of 1 to 10 cm. In order to achieve a very specific fibrillation effect, both the geometric relationships of the yarn contact with the grinding wheel and the Relative speed between yarn and grinding wheel selected, changed or adjusted in each case and set again in the event of repetition.

Brief description of the invention

The invention will now be explained in more detail with the aid of some exemplary embodiments. Show it:

1 shows schematically a front view of a fibrillation device; 2a-2d each show a side view of FIG. 1 with different grinding wheels; FIG. 3 shows a front view of a closed fibrillation device; 4 shows a section IV - IV of Figure 3; 5 shows schematically the "in-line" fibrillation after texturing and before winding up with two delivery mechanisms.

Ways and implementation of the invention

In the following, reference is now made to FIGS. 1 and 2a to 2d. The fibrillation device 1 has a drive motor 2, a support plate 3 and a grinding wheel 4, or 4 ', 4 ", 4'". With an assumed thread running direction (arrow 5) before and after a processing section 6, a yarn guide 7 or. 8 attached to the support plate 3. The grinding wheel 4 has a grinding lining 10 and is fixed directly on the shaft 13 of the drive motor 2 via a clamping screw 11 via a sleeve 12. The grinding wheel is cup-shaped with an inner cavity 14. This results in a very compact design. According to a further embodiment, not shown, the cavity (14) within the grinding wheel can be used for the arrangement of the drive motor. Especially when the motor is very small, for example with a diameter of about 5 cm or smaller. The rotor axis stands still and the outer stator rotates together with the grinding wheel or is already a grinding wheel. In Figure 1, the two yarn guides 7 and 8 are identical but of opposite design. The thread guide is a rotating or stationary rotating part 15 which is fastened on an adjusting disk 18 by means of a screw 16 with an axis 17. The shim 18 has a center of rotation 19 about which the shim 18 is rotatable. The shim 18 has a scale for the wrap and is with positions 0; 1 ; 2; 3 to 9 written. It also has locking points 20, 20 'etc., so that it can be adjusted from position to position. Since the rotating part 1 5 with its axis 1 7 is mounted eccentrically on the shim 18, the Thread guide adjusted from position to position with the rotation of the shim. The thread guide 7 (left) is set in the top position, whereas the thread guide 8 (right) is already adjusted by two positions. For example, some degrees (0.85 ... 13.49 °) are entered on the right in FIG. The wrap angle α results from the sum of the respective position of the two yarn guides 7 and 8. The drive motor 2 is shown as an electric motor. However, another drive type, e.g. an air motor can be chosen. Analogous to the older solution according to DE 195 44 337, the yarn in the new solution can also be processed in the same direction or in the opposite direction by the grinding wheel. The previous attempts have brought the good results with analog speed values. For example, was at a thread speed of 400 m / min. 1600 to 2000 m / min rotational speed of the grinding tool set in synchronism. At 300 m / min. Thread speed, a counter-rotation speed of 300 to 2000 m / min could be selected. An important influencing parameter was found in the size and shape of the grinding surface. With a suitable abrasive and drive, the speeds can also be significantly higher than the specified speeds.

FIG. 2d shows a small grinding wheel, FIG. 2a shows a medium grinding wheel and FIG. 2b shows a large grinding wheel. The abrasive coating 10 has a cylindrical shape. But there are also other spatial forms of the abrasive coating, e.g. possible in the manner of wheel rims for rubber tires. FIG. 2c shows a conical grinding wheel as a further example. The conical shape allows further influencing parameters to be exploited. If the yarn is guided in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 21 of the conical grinding wheel 4, machining sections of different lengths from the largest to the smallest diameter, but also different peripheral speeds, can be selected. This sets an adjustability of the yarn guide 7, respectively. 8 ahead by the dimension "X" (Figure 2a). If the two yarn guides 7 and 8 are offset relative to one another with respect to the dimension X (FIG. 4), a diagonal offset arises, which results in different, additional geometric and force-related grinding effects with a conical grinding wheel.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show a further structural embodiment of a fibrillation device, the same drive motor 2 as shown in FIGS. 2a to 2d being fastened on a support plate 3. The fixed yarn guides 7 'and 8' are simply made of wear-resistant material. The yarn can be inserted into a guide bore 31 via an open slot 30. The yarn guide 7 ' is fixed on the support plate 3. In contrast, the yarn guide 8 'can be moved in a slideway 32 in the manner of a backdrop. The yarn guide 8 'is held by a fixing screw 34 on a sliding body 33 which is displaceable in the slideway 32. In the position shown in FIG. 3, the yarn guide 8 'can be adjusted from top to bottom and vice versa according to arrow 35 after loosening the fixing screw 34. The position of the yarn guide 8 ′ relative to the grinding wheel 4 thus changes. The wrap angle α or the length of the processing section 6 is changed accordingly. The maximum adjustment path of the yarn guide 8 'results in the largest wrap angle α of less than 90 ° in the example shown, which is sufficient in most cases according to the previous studies. If a larger wrap angle up to 180 ° is desired, then both yarn guides 7 ', 8' can be made adjustable, analogously to FIG. 1.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, the grinding tool 4 is surrounded by an annular housing 40 and closed on the front by a plexiglass cover 41. During operation, the interior of the housing is held under a slight negative pressure by means of a suction nozzle 42 arranged tangentially, the processing waste being sucked off at the same time. The yarn path in the interior of the housing 40 is indicated by two center lines 42, and at the same time the position of one or two threading slits. In the case of two or more yarn runs in the same device, a corresponding number of thread guides must be provided. The yarn is guided slightly diagonally in FIG. 4, which results from the different distance X, X 'of the two yarn guides 7' and. 8 'results.

FIG. 5 shows a simplified diagram for an "in-line" fibrillation of yarn immediately after the air blowing texturing, by means of a texturing nozzle 50. A first delivery mechanism 51 (LW1) is located between the fibrillation device 1 and the texturing nozzle 50. A second delivery mechanism 53 (LW2) is located between a coil device 52 and the fibrillation device 1. It can thus be seen that the fibrillation process is carried out with the thread tension or thread tension resulting from the texturing process and the winding. The intensity of fibrillation is primarily determined by the user depending on the yarn quality by adjusting e.g. the yarn guide 8 '(Figure 3) set. The position information or the scaling of the wrap angle allows the same setting of an earlier processing to be found again at any time. Depending on the specific function, the other parameters can already be determined by the manufacturer. Since there are a multitude of very different tasks in practice, the shape and / or can be specially adapted to the customer The size of the grinding wheel and any relocation of the two yarn guides must be specified when starting up for the first time. It is also possible to use special abrasive pads, e.g. to choose different diamond grit or, if necessary, special cutting tools. The great advantage of the new solution is that fibrillation can be carried out efficiently and reproducibly with the least possible number of device parts, with simple and repeatable adjustability of the loop intervention. The new solution is suitable for a large number of threads running in parallel as a group of threads or as a single processing point, e.g. between rewinding and in many cases helps to produce better winding qualities.

According to a further embodiment, not shown, the delivery mechanism 53 (LW2) can be omitted. In fact, many tests have confirmed that the yarn tension or winding tension available for winding up is sufficient in most cases to obtain or set the desired fibrillation within the parameters proposed. This is a big advantage in two ways. Firstly, in practice there is always a supplying plant after texturing, but often a second supplying plant is either not desired due to cost reasons or difficult to place due to the structural situation.

The second advantage is that the exact same fibrillation result can be achieved, be it "in line" immediately after texturing or as a separate operation in the case of just rewinding.

In the cases described, the grinding wheel can rotate either in the same direction or in the opposite direction with respect to the yarn run. The synchronism brings a slightly better situation for the whole handling. The operational safety is even more pronounced with the reduced risk of thread winding on the grinding wheel. On the other hand, the opposite direction brings an advantage in terms of the quality of the fibri. In very special cases, the fibrillation device can even be operated with the grinding wheel stationary. The yarn then simply runs over a stationary grinding pin.

Claims

claims

1. A method for the fibrillation of filament yarn, in particular of air-blasted textured yarn, with a high-speed revolving grinding tool, characterized in that the yarn abuts the tool circumference over a definable section and the thread tension generates the contact pressure on the grinding tool for fibrillation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the yarn is ground "in line" after the air blast texturing and before winding.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wrap angle and thereby the grinding intensity is defined by yarn guides arranged on both sides of the feed and removal side of the yarn by the tool.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the wrap angle or the active machining length on the cutting tool, in particular in a range from 1.0 ° to 90 ° is adjustable by adjusting at least one of the two yarn guides or the grinding tool.

5. The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the yarn is guided with a diagonal offset to the axis of the grinding tool, and / or that the direction of rotation of the grinding wheel is selected in the same direction or in the opposite direction in the yarn run.

6. Fibrillation device for yarn, with a high-speed rotating grinding tool, characterized in that a yarn guide is arranged in the yarn transport direction before and after the grinding tool, for defining a wrap angle of the yarn around the tool in a range from 1.0 to 180 °, preferably 1.0 up to 90 °.

7. Fibrillation device according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one of the two yarn guides or the grinding tool is arranged in a definable, adjustable manner to select different wrap angles or different grinding intensities.

8. Fibrillation device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the two thread guides are arranged offset in the direction of the axis of rotation of the grinding tool, for diagonally guiding the yarn over the grinding tool.

9. Fibrillation device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it has a support plate, on one side of which the drive motor and on the other side flanged directly on the motor shaft, the grinding tool is arranged.

10. Fibrillation device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the grinding tool is surrounded by a ring-shaped housing, preferably arranged coaxially to the grinding tool, with an end closure cover, with a slot-shaped threading opening, the housing preferably having a tangentially arranged suction nozzle, which in Direction of transport of the yarn, arranged after the two yarn guides and the grinding tool is particularly preferably designed as a cylindrical or conical grinding wheel.