WO1998053967A1 - Filamentary fastener and method of making same using insert molding - Google Patents
Filamentary fastener and method of making same using insert molding Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998053967A1 WO1998053967A1 PCT/US1998/010538 US9810538W WO9853967A1 WO 1998053967 A1 WO1998053967 A1 WO 1998053967A1 US 9810538 W US9810538 W US 9810538W WO 9853967 A1 WO9853967 A1 WO 9853967A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bar
- cross
- paddle
- flexible
- mold
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65C—LABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
- B65C7/00—Affixing tags
- B65C7/003—Affixing tags using paddle-shaped plastic pins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/0022—Multi-cavity moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14549—Coating rod-like, wire-like or belt-like articles
- B29C45/14565—Coating rod-like, wire-like or belt-like articles at spaced locations, e.g. coaxial-cable wires
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
- G09F3/08—Fastening or securing by means not forming part of the material of the label itself
- G09F3/14—Fastening or securing by means not forming part of the material of the label itself by strings, straps, chains, or wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/727—Fastening elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to fasteners of the type having a flexible filament and more particularly to a novel such fastener and to a method of making said novel fastener.
- Filamentary fasteners of the type commonly used to attach tags and the like to articles of commerce are well-known and widely used.
- such fasteners are unitary structures made of molded plastic.
- One such fastener which is still in widespread use today, includes an elongated, flexible filament having a cross-bar disposed at a first end thereof and either a paddle or a second cross-bar disposed at a second end thereof.
- the cross-bar disposed at the first end is typically inserted first through a tag and then through the desired article of commerce, with the paddle or second cross-bar not being inserted through the tag or article in order to retain the fastener and tag on the article.
- a plurality of the aforementioned fasteners are fabricated together as part of a fastener assembly, examples of which include fastener clips or continuously connected fastener stock.
- a fastener clip is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,103,666, inventor Bone, which issued September 17, 1963, and which is incorporated herein by reference.
- An example of continuously-connected fastener stock is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,121 ,487, inventor Bone, which issued October 24, 1978, and which is incorporated herein by reference.
- plastic fasteners of the types described above are fabricated as follows: First, molten plastic is injected into a mold having an impression resembling a fastener clip or continuously connected fastener stock. The molten plastic is then allowed to cool in the mold to the shape defined by the impression. Next, the molded plastic is removed from the mold, and the filamentary portions of the fasteners therein are stretched to a desired length and cross-sectional thickness.
- One reason for molding the fastener assembly and then stretching the constituent filaments thereof to the desired final dimensions, as opposed to simply molding the fastener assembly with filaments having the desired final dimensions, is that it is very difficult to mold a filament so that it is as thin and as flexible as is often desired.
- a fastener useful in attaching a tag or the like to an article of commerce, said fastener comprising (a) a flexible filament, said flexible filament having a first end and a second end, (b) a first cross-bar insert molded onto said first end of said flexible filament, said first cross-bar being insertable first through a tag and then through an article of commerce, and (c) a first paddle insert molded onto said second end of said flexible filament, said first paddle being appropriately sized to retain a tag on said flexible filament and to prevent said flexible filament from being completely inserted into an article of commerce.
- the flexible filament of the aforementioned fastener is a length of stretched filamentary plastic material, which may be propylene, nylon, urethane or a combination thereof.
- the cross-bar and the paddle may be made of the same material as the flexible filament (albeit not stretched) or may be made of a different material than the flexible filament.
- a method of making a fastener comprising the steps of (a) providing a length of flexible filamentary material; (b) insert molding a cross-bar onto said length of flexible filamentary material; and (c) insert molding a paddle onto said length of flexible filamentary material, said paddle being spaced apart from said cross-bar.
- the flexible filamentary material has been stretched prior to the insert molding of the paddle and the cross-bar thereonto.
- the aforementioned method preferably further comprises, after said insert molding steps, the step of removing any flexible filamentary material not located between said paddle and said cross-bar.
- the flexible filamentary material is a plastic material, which may be propylene, nylon, urethane or a combination thereof.
- the paddle and the cross-bar may be made of the same type of material as the filamentary material or may be made of a different type of material than the filamentary material.
- an apparatus for use in fabricating a fastener of the type comprising a flexible filament having a first end and a second end, a cross-bar disposed at said first end and a paddle disposed at said second end, said apparatus comprising (a) a mold, said mold being shaped to include a paddle impression and a cross-bar impression, said paddle impression and said cross-bar impression being parallel to one another; and (b) means for feeding flexible filamentary material into said mold and perpendicularly across said paddle impression and said cross-bar impression.
- a method of making a fastener comprising the steps of (a) providing a length of flexible filamentary material; (b) providing a mold, said mold being shaped to include a paddle impression and a cross-bar impression, said paddle impression and said cross-bar impression being parallel to one another; (c) insert molding, using said mold, a first paddle and a first cross-bar onto said length of flexible filamentary material; (d) repositioning said length of flexible filamentary material relative to said mold so that said first paddle and said first cross-bar are spaced apart from said mold; and (e) insert molding, using said mold, a second paddle and a second cross-bar onto said length of flexible filamentary material.
- a method of making a fastener clip comprising the steps of (a) providing a mold, said mold being shaped to include a runner bar impression, a plurality of cross-bar impressions disposed to one side of said runner bar impression and spaced therefrom, each of said cross-bar impressions being parallel to one another and being perpendicular to said runner bar impression, and a corresponding plurality of paddle impressions disposed to an opposite side of said runner bar impression and spaced therefrom, each of said paddle impressions being parallel to one another and being aligned with a corresponding cross-bar impression; (b) providing a plurality of stretched flexible filaments, the number of stretched flexible filaments corresponding to the number of pairs of paddle and cross-bar impressions in said mold; (c) insert molding, using said mold, a first paddle and a first cross-bar onto each of said stretched flexible filaments and a first runner bar interconnecting the plurality of stretched flexible filaments; (d)
- Fig. 1 is a front view of one embodiment of a fastener constructed according to the teachings of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is an enlarged section view of a mold adapted for use in making the fastener of Fig. 1 ;
- Fig. 3 is a schematic section view of an apparatus constructed according to the teachings of the present invention for use in making the fastener of Fig. 1 ;
- Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a fastener clip constructed according to the teachings of the present invention.
- Figs. 5(a) and 5(b) are schematic section views of a mold adapted for use in making the fastener clip of Fig. 3.
- Fastener 11 which is well-suited for attaching tags to articles of commerce and the like, comprises a flexible filament 13.
- filament 13 is a length of stretched plastic material, such as propylene, nylon, urethane or combinations thereof; however, filament 13 is not limited to such materials and may consist of thread, metallic wire, or any other suitable, flexible, filamentary material.
- Fastener 11 also comprises a cross-bar 15, cross-bar 15 being insert molded onto one end of filament 13 in the fashion to be described below.
- Cross-bar 15 is appropriately sized and shaped to be inserted first through a tag and then through an article of commerce (e.g., a clothing article or the like) in the conventional fashion, i.e., either manually or, preferably, through the hollow slotted needle of a conventional fastener dispensing tool.
- article of commerce e.g., a clothing article or the like
- cross-bar 15 must be made of an injection moldable material. Accordingly, cross-bar 15 may be made of the same material as filament 13 or may be made of a different material than filament 13, the only limitation on the selection of materials for cross-bar 15 and filament 13 being that cross-bar 15 must adhere satisfactorily to filament 13. Such adherence may be achieved by selecting materials for cross-bar 15 and filament 13 that inherently adhere satisfactorily to one another or may be achieved by introducing notches or the like into the end of filament 13 to promote mechanical adhesion with cross-bar 15.
- Fastener 11 further comprises a paddle 17, paddle 17 being insert molded in the fashion to be described below onto the opposite end of filament 13.
- Paddle 17 is appropriately sized and shaped to be prevent a tag positioned on filament 13 from being removed therefrom and to prevent filament 13 from being completely inserted into the article of commerce.
- Paddle 17, like cross-bar 15, must be made of an injection moldable material, the specific material used to make paddle 17 being dependent upon the same criteria discussed above in connection with crossbar 15. Accordingly, paddle 17 may be made of the same material as cross-bar 15 and/or filament 13 or may be made of a different material than both cross-bar 15 and filament 13.
- FIG. 2 there is shown an enlarged section view of a mold adapted for use in making fastener 11 , the mold being constructed according to the teachings of the present invention and being represented by reference numeral 31.
- mold 31 is shaped to include a paddle impression 33 and a cross-bar impression 35, impressions 33 and 35 being arranged in mold 31 in a parallel or side-by-side orientation.
- Impression 33 is sized and shaped to correspond to the dimensions of paddle 17 of fastener 11
- impression 35 is sized and shaped to correspond to the dimensions of cross-bar 15 of fastener 11.
- Mold 31 is also provided with a plurality of channels 37, 39 and 41 , which extend perpendicularly relative to impressions 33 and 35 and which serve to permit a length of flexible filamentary material to be inserted through mold 31 and to extend across impressions 33 and 35.
- Channels 37, 39 and 41 are dimensioned in cross- section to approximate the cross-sectional dimensions of the flexible filamentary material inserted therethrough.
- mold 31 is also provided with an opening through which molten material may be dispensed into impressions 33 and 35.
- mold 31 is appropriately constructed to permit access to and removal of the hardened molded material formed in impressions 33 and 35. Accordingly, mold 31 may comprise a pair of halves interconnected by a hinge or similar connecting structure.
- FIG. 3 there is schematically shown an apparatus for use in making fasteners 11 , the apparatus being constructed according to the teachings of the present invention and being represented generally by reference numeral 51.
- apparatus 51 comprises mold 31.
- apparatus 51 comprises means for feeding flexible filamentary material F through channels 37, 39 and 41 and across impressions 33 and 35 of mold 31.
- said feeding means comprises a pair of reels 53 and 55.
- filamentary material F which is preferably a stretched plastic
- Molten material which is also preferably a plastic
- Molten material is then injected into impressions 33 and 35 of mold 31 via an opening (not shown) in mold 31.
- the molten material is then allowed to cool and harden in mold 31.
- Mold 31 is then opened, and the filamentary material F, together with the paddle 17 and the cross-bar 15 formed thereonto, is then advanced in the direction indicated by arrows A by a distance slightly greater than the desired length of the filament portion 13 of the fastener 11.
- the aforementioned process is performed for a number of iterations, two such iterations shown in Fig. 3.
- Apparatus 51 further comprises cutting means, which in the present embodiment is a movably mounted knife 57. Knife 57 cuts the filamentary material F between each couplet of paddles 17 and cross-bars 15 formed during a single molding iteration, for example, at points P 1 and P 2 , to yield a plurality of fasteners 11 wherein each fastener 11 includes the cross-bar 15 from one molding iteration and the paddle 17 from the previous molding iteration.
- cutting means which in the present embodiment is a movably mounted knife 57. Knife 57 cuts the filamentary material F between each couplet of paddles 17 and cross-bars 15 formed during a single molding iteration, for example, at points P 1 and P 2 , to yield a plurality of fasteners 11 wherein each fastener 11 includes the cross-bar 15 from one molding iteration and the paddle 17 from the previous molding iteration.
- Some of the benefits or advantages of forming fasteners 11 in the manner described above, as compared to the conventional manner wherein the entire fastener is injection molded at once and then the filamentary portion thereof is stretched, are as follows: (1) The size of the mold of the present invention will typically be smaller and, therefore, less expensive, than that of conventional molds due to the fact that the filamentary portion of the fastener of the present invention is not molded together with the remainder of the fastener; (2) The cycle time for fabricating successive fasteners with the same mold will typically be shorter in the process of the present invention due to the fact that less material is being molded at one time; (3) Fasteners having filaments of different lengths can easily be fabricated in accordance with the present method merely by varying the amount of filamentary material that is fed through the mold; (4) The use of expensive stretching equipment at the fastener fabrication site is not necessary as one can fabricate the fastener using pre-stretched filamentary material; (5) One can vary the strength/weakness of the adherence of the paddle and/or cross
- FIG. 4 there is shown a perspective view of one embodiment of a fastener dip constructed according to the teachings of the present invention, the fastener clip being represented generally by reference numeral 71.
- Fastener clip 71 comprises a plurality of fasteners 73-1 through 73-7, the particular number of fasteners 73 in fastener clip 71 being illustrative only.
- Fasteners 73 which resemble fastener 11 in appearance and which may be made from the same types of materials as fastener 11 , each include a flexible filament 75, a paddle 77 and a cross-bar 79.
- Fastener clip 71 also includes a runner bar 81 , fasteners 73-1 through 73-7 being connected to runner bar 81 by connectors 83-1 through 83-7, respectively.
- Fasteners 73-1 through 73-7 are arranged with their respective cross-bars 79 parallel to one another on runner bar 81 , with the longitudinal axes of cross-bars 83-1 through 83-7 being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of runner bar 81.
- Fastener clip 71 may be made in much the same way described above for fastener 11 , the principal differences being that (i) a different mold must be used, (ii) a plurality of filaments corresponding to the number of fasteners in the clip must be fed into the mold and (iii) the cutting means must be capable of cutting a plurality of filaments.
- mold 101 includes a runner bar impression 102, impression 102 being sized and shaped to correspond to the dimensions of runner bar 81 of fastener clip 71.
- Mold 101 also includes a plurality of paddle impressions 103-1 through 103-7 and a corresponding plurality of cross-bar impressions 105-1 through 105-7.
- Paddle impressions 103-1 through 103-7 which are located off to one side of runner bar 102, are arranged so as to be parallel to one another and perpendicular to runner bar 102. Paddle impressions 103-1 through 103-7 are sized and shaped to correspond to the dimensions of paddles 77-1 through 77-7 of clip 71.
- Cross-bar impressions 105-1 through 105-7 which are located off to the opposite side of runner bar 102, are aligned with paddle impressions 103-1 through 103-7, respectively.
- Cross-bar impressions 105-1 through 105-7 which are sized and shaped to correspond to the dimensions of cross-bars 79-1 through 79-7 of clip 71 , are arranged so as to be parallel to one another and perpendicular to runner bar 102. Mold 101 is also provided with a plurality of channels 107-1 through 107-7,
- Channels 107, 109, 111 and 113 are dimensioned in cross-section to approximate the cross-sectional dimensions of the flexible filamentary material inserted therethrough.
- mold 101 is also provided with an opening through which molten material may be dispensed into impressions 102, 103-1 through 103- 7 and 105-1 through 105-7.
- mold 101 is appropriately constructed to permit access to and removal of the hardened molded material formed in impressions 102, 103-1 through 103-7 and 105-1 through 105-7.
- mold 101 may comprise a pair of halves interconnected by a hinge or similar connecting structure.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Labeling Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98923696A EP1009602A4 (en) | 1997-05-29 | 1998-05-22 | Filamentary fastener and method of making same using insert molding |
AU75925/98A AU7592598A (en) | 1997-05-29 | 1998-05-22 | Filamentary fastener and method of making same using insert molding |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/865,208 US6003209A (en) | 1996-01-11 | 1997-05-29 | Filamentary fastener and method of making same using insert molding |
US08/865,208 | 1997-05-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998053967A1 true WO1998053967A1 (en) | 1998-12-03 |
Family
ID=25344951
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1998/010538 WO1998053967A1 (en) | 1997-05-29 | 1998-05-22 | Filamentary fastener and method of making same using insert molding |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1009602A4 (en) |
AU (1) | AU7592598A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998053967A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1862291A3 (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2009-02-18 | Werner Sand | Method for manufacturing a locking chain and locking chain |
WO2013068738A1 (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2013-05-16 | The Scottish Association For Marine Science | Device and method |
GB2531603A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-04-27 | Nathan James Mccormick Joseph | Stationery tag |
Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3103666A (en) * | 1961-12-28 | 1963-09-17 | Dennison Mfg Co | Tag attaching apparatus |
US3399432A (en) * | 1965-12-08 | 1968-09-03 | Dennison Mfg Co | Button attachment |
US3444597A (en) * | 1966-12-12 | 1969-05-20 | Dennison Mfg Co | Filament type attachment device and manufacture of same |
US3733657A (en) * | 1972-05-25 | 1973-05-22 | Dennison Mfg Co | Assembly of attachments and method of manipulating the same |
US3977050A (en) * | 1974-04-19 | 1976-08-31 | Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. | Fastener assembly |
US4008302A (en) * | 1972-12-26 | 1977-02-15 | Polaroid Corporation | Method of molding plastic elements on a continuous web |
US4288017A (en) * | 1977-08-24 | 1981-09-08 | Dennison Manufacturing Company | Method and apparatus for dispensing fasteners |
US4347932A (en) * | 1977-10-27 | 1982-09-07 | Clements Industries, Inc. | Tag pin |
US4456123A (en) * | 1979-08-31 | 1984-06-26 | Dennison Manufacturing Company | Method and apparatus for dispensing fasteners |
US4462784A (en) * | 1979-09-07 | 1984-07-31 | Dennison Manufacturing Company | Apparatus for continuous molding |
US4503006A (en) * | 1982-07-28 | 1985-03-05 | Toska Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for manufacturing tag pin assemblies |
US4554711A (en) * | 1984-09-25 | 1985-11-26 | Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. | Fastener assembly and mold for making same |
US4636347A (en) * | 1983-06-15 | 1987-01-13 | Toska Co., Ltd. | Method of making a fastener |
USRE32332E (en) * | 1980-09-11 | 1987-01-20 | Toska Co., Ltd. | Cluster type tag pin assembly |
US5238306A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1993-08-24 | Reynolds Consumer Products, Inc. | Method of producing a sealing system for a reclosable webbed-wall package, and system made |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5339954A (en) * | 1993-01-29 | 1994-08-23 | Steven Kunreuther | Clip of attachments |
US5575713A (en) * | 1995-06-08 | 1996-11-19 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Plastic fastener |
-
1998
- 1998-05-22 EP EP98923696A patent/EP1009602A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-05-22 WO PCT/US1998/010538 patent/WO1998053967A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-05-22 AU AU75925/98A patent/AU7592598A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3103666A (en) * | 1961-12-28 | 1963-09-17 | Dennison Mfg Co | Tag attaching apparatus |
US3399432A (en) * | 1965-12-08 | 1968-09-03 | Dennison Mfg Co | Button attachment |
US3444597A (en) * | 1966-12-12 | 1969-05-20 | Dennison Mfg Co | Filament type attachment device and manufacture of same |
US3733657A (en) * | 1972-05-25 | 1973-05-22 | Dennison Mfg Co | Assembly of attachments and method of manipulating the same |
US4008302A (en) * | 1972-12-26 | 1977-02-15 | Polaroid Corporation | Method of molding plastic elements on a continuous web |
US3977050A (en) * | 1974-04-19 | 1976-08-31 | Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. | Fastener assembly |
US4288017A (en) * | 1977-08-24 | 1981-09-08 | Dennison Manufacturing Company | Method and apparatus for dispensing fasteners |
US4347932A (en) * | 1977-10-27 | 1982-09-07 | Clements Industries, Inc. | Tag pin |
US4456123A (en) * | 1979-08-31 | 1984-06-26 | Dennison Manufacturing Company | Method and apparatus for dispensing fasteners |
US4462784A (en) * | 1979-09-07 | 1984-07-31 | Dennison Manufacturing Company | Apparatus for continuous molding |
USRE32332E (en) * | 1980-09-11 | 1987-01-20 | Toska Co., Ltd. | Cluster type tag pin assembly |
US4503006A (en) * | 1982-07-28 | 1985-03-05 | Toska Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for manufacturing tag pin assemblies |
US4636347A (en) * | 1983-06-15 | 1987-01-13 | Toska Co., Ltd. | Method of making a fastener |
US4554711A (en) * | 1984-09-25 | 1985-11-26 | Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. | Fastener assembly and mold for making same |
US5238306A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1993-08-24 | Reynolds Consumer Products, Inc. | Method of producing a sealing system for a reclosable webbed-wall package, and system made |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1009602A4 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1862291A3 (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2009-02-18 | Werner Sand | Method for manufacturing a locking chain and locking chain |
WO2013068738A1 (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2013-05-16 | The Scottish Association For Marine Science | Device and method |
GB2531603A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-04-27 | Nathan James Mccormick Joseph | Stationery tag |
GB2531603B (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2020-11-18 | Nathan James Mccormick Joseph | Stationery tag |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1009602A1 (en) | 2000-06-21 |
EP1009602A4 (en) | 2002-11-06 |
AU7592598A (en) | 1998-12-30 |
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