WO1998047392A1 - Systeme de distribution de gel pour la nutrition et l'hygiene animales - Google Patents

Systeme de distribution de gel pour la nutrition et l'hygiene animales Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998047392A1
WO1998047392A1 PCT/US1998/004499 US9804499W WO9847392A1 WO 1998047392 A1 WO1998047392 A1 WO 1998047392A1 US 9804499 W US9804499 W US 9804499W WO 9847392 A1 WO9847392 A1 WO 9847392A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
animal
food article
article
food
carrier matrix
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/004499
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Durwood M. Dugger
James D. Wood
Original Assignee
Immudyne, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Immudyne, Inc. filed Critical Immudyne, Inc.
Priority to AU66915/98A priority Critical patent/AU6691598A/en
Publication of WO1998047392A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998047392A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/20—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by moulding, e.g. making cakes or briquettes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
    • A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/25—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by extrusion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
    • A23L29/275—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of animal origin, e.g. chitin
    • A23L29/281—Proteins, e.g. gelatin or collagen
    • A23L29/284—Gelatin; Collagen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P10/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
    • A23P10/30—Encapsulation of particles, e.g. foodstuff additives

Definitions

  • This invention relates to manufactured food articles, and to methods of inducing animals to eat such food articles.
  • One embodiment of the present invention is an artificial, manufactured animal food article that comprises (a) at least one edible component selected from the group consisting of animal nutritional materials, animal immune system stimulants, animal appetite stimulants, animal color enhancers, and animal therapeutic agents; and (b) a gel carrier matrix.
  • the edible component is dispersed in the gel carrier matrix, which is also edible.
  • the gel carrier matrix preferably forms a continuous phase throughout the food article, with the other components forming a discontinuous phase dispersed throughout the gel carrier matrix.
  • the food article can have the external shape of a naturally-occurring food item, either plant or animal, that would normally be eaten by an animal. This external appearance will make the article more attractive as food to an animal.
  • the food article may have the external shape of a smaller fish, or a worm.
  • the food article has the scent or taste of a naturally-occurring food item that would normally be eaten by an animal. Thus, the animal to be fed will be attracted to this food article by sense of smell or taste.
  • the specific gravity of the food article is adjusted so as to cause the food article to exhibit approximately the same buoyancy in water as a naturally-occurring food item that would normally be eaten by the animal to be fed.
  • some fish typically feed on other living organisms that are usually found at the surface of the water in a natural habitat. If the food article has a specific gravity less than 1.0, the article will float and thus will appear at the same location in the aquatic environment as the natural food of that fish species.
  • Some other fish normally eat aquatic organisms that are found near the bottom of a body of water, while some others eat aquatic organisms that swim or float in a certain depth range beneath the surface.
  • the article can be made to sink to or float at the desired depth.
  • Two or more of the characteristics of external shape, scent, color, and specific gravity can be combined in a single food article.
  • a single food article can be made that (a) has the same shape as a fish that normally swims near the surface, (b) exudes the scent of that fish, and (c) has a specific gravity that causes the article to float at or near the surface of the water.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is an artificial, manufactured animal food article that comprises at least one edible component as described above and a gel carrier matrix, with the edible component being dispersed in the gel carrier matrix as described above.
  • the food article has a pre-selected external shape that is other than a pellet shape or a flake shape.
  • the food article can, for example, have the shape of an animal, a plant, or a non-living ornamental article.
  • This embodiment of the invention can have a shape that will appeal to human purchasers of the food articles, and need not necessarily appeal to the animals that will eat them. Pigmentation or other characteristics also can be added to these food articles to enhance their appeal to human purchasers.
  • an animal nutritional material is included in the food article, it can be a material such as a protein, carbohydrate, fat, or vitamin.
  • an animal immune system stimulant is to be included, it can be for example a yeast cell wall extract, with glucans being a preferred example.
  • the immune system stimulant be primarily beta- 1,3- glucan. "Primarily” in this context means that the immune system stimulant is a glucan that has more than about 50% (preferably more than about 75%, most preferably more than about 90%) beta-l,3-glycosidic linkages.
  • the proportions of the various components can vary, but in one preferred embodiment, more than about 50% by weight of the article is the edible gel carrier matrix (defined as the dry weight of the gelling agent (e.g., gelatin) plus the water that is added to form the gel). It is even more preferred for the gel carrier matrix to make up more than about 65% of the article.
  • the edible gel carrier matrix defined as the dry weight of the gelling agent (e.g., gelatin) plus the water that is added to form the gel. It is even more preferred for the gel carrier matrix to make up more than about 65% of the article.
  • the manufactured artificial food articles of the present invention could be used to feed humans (e.g., human infants), they are preferred for use in feeding non-human animals such as fish, crustaceans, companion animals (e.g., dogs, cats, birds), and the like.
  • non-human animals such as fish, crustaceans, companion animals (e.g., dogs, cats, birds), and the like.
  • Such animals can see, smell, taste, or otherwise determine that the articles of the present invention resemble (either in appearance, scent, taste, or floating depth in water) a living thing (either animal or plant) that they are naturally attracted to as food.
  • the animal may or may not be able to determine that the artificial food article is not in fact the naturally- occurring item that it looks like, smells like, or floats like, but in any event the similarity will make the animal more likely to eat the article.
  • the shape can be chosen to appeal to a human purchaser of the article rather than to the animal that will eat the article.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of an artificial food article in accordance with the present invention, in the shape of a fish.
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of the article of Fig. 1.
  • An artificial animal food article of the present invention can include one or more edible components that have some nutritional or health benefit for the animal that eats them, such as (a) animal nutritional materials, (b) animal immune system stimulants, (c) animal appetite stimulants, (d) animal color enhancers, and (e) animal therapeutic agents.
  • Suitable animal nutritional materials include proteins (e.g., soy protein concentrate, shrimp meal, krill meal, krill hydrolysates), carbohydrates (e.g., wheat flour, alfalfa meal, corn gluten meal), fats (e.g., fish oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil), and vitamins (e.g., L-ascorbyl-2- polyphosphate, a source of Vitamin C, and deactivated animal sterol, a source of Vitamin D).
  • the nutrient components of the food article can be either solid or liquid, and can be either water soluble or lipid soluble.
  • the weight percentages of the various components in the overall food article are: gel carrier matrix (gelling agent plus water), about 50-90%; nutrients, about 5-45%; attractants (i.e., scent and/or taste providing agents), about 0.01-10%; preservatives, about 0-5%>; immune system stimulants, about 0-0.5%; appetite stimulants, about 0-0.5%; color enhancers, about 0-0.5%; and therapeutic agents, about 0-3%.
  • the artificial food article can be provided with those chemicals responsible for the scent and/or taste of worms, insects, or the various other aquatic animals and/or plants that are attractive as food to the specific fish species that is involved.
  • Fish meal and squid oil are suitable examples for inclusion in fish food.
  • the food article can for example have the shape, scent, and taste of various fruits, nuts, or seeds.
  • the food article can for example have the shape and scent of a fish, or the scent and taste of chicken.
  • the food article can for example have the shape and scent of a bone, or the scent and taste of beef.
  • suitable scent and/or taste-providing agents include marine oils, marine solubles (e.g., byproducts of fish processing that contain trimethylglycine, and amino acids such as alanine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, and glycine).
  • substances having high glycine or alanine contents are especially preferred. All of the characteristics (e.g., shape, scent, taste) can be adjusted for the particular species that will be eating the food.
  • the food article contains a mixture of fatty acids that comprise a fatty acid profile similar to that of the food which the animal has evolved eating.
  • the fatty acid profile is one which that species of animal can digest reasonably well due to its similarity to the fatty acid profile in the food it normally eats.
  • pigment can be added to the composition, to make the color of the manufactured food article resemble food that the animal would eat in its natural habitat, or to appeal to a human buyer of the food article.
  • composition can also include an animal appetite stimulant that acts on the animal's central nervous system, such as betaine.
  • the composition can also include animal color enhancers, such as astaxanthin and leutin, which will enhance the coloration of the animal that eats the food article.
  • animal color enhancers such as astaxanthin and leutin, which will enhance the coloration of the animal that eats the food article.
  • color enhancers may enhance the scale coloration of a fish, or the coloration of the plumage of a bird.
  • Suitable animal immune system stimulants include glucans that are extracted from yeast cell walls. Beta-l,3-glucan is an especially preferred example, because it stimulates the non-specific immune system of animals such as fish and mammals, making the animals to which it is administered or fed more resistant to stress and bacterial, fungal, and viral infections.
  • One particular product that contains beta- 1,3 -glucan is ImmuStim, available from ImmuDyne, Inc., Fort Pierce, Florida.
  • Other suitable immune system stimulants include chitin and echinaca. These substances interact with certain receptor sites on cells such as macrophages, eliciting responses from the animal's immune and endocrine systems, resulting in higher levels of pigmentation, growth, and survival than would otherwise be achieved
  • Suitable animal therapeutic agents include antibiotics such as tetracycline, oxytetracycline, ampicillin, and gentamycin.
  • the composition can also include nutrient transport agents or nutrient carrier molecules. Substances such as poly- or oligosaccharides, hydrolyzed marine proteins, and certain nutrients products will improve transport of certain vitamins, minerals, and pigments across the digestive system cell membranes. Alternatively, such transport-enhancing agents can be released as a result of activation of certain receptor sites of specific cells by the immune system stimulator.
  • the composition can suitably contain nutrients that are tailored to be transported in vivo by the agents that are released in vivo as a result of the immune system stimulants.
  • Preservatives can also be included.
  • Propylene glycol and propionic acid are suitable examples.
  • the above ingredients are dispersed in an edible gel carrier matrix-forming agent.
  • suitable gelling agents include gum arabic, ghatti, tragacanth, guar, locust bean gum, agar, algin, carrageenan, pectin, chitin, gelatin, amylose, amylopectin, and bacterial gels.
  • the present invention employs a gel matrix as a integral part of the entire food article.
  • the gel matrix preferably forms a continuous phase, with the nutritional materials and other ingredients forming a discontinuous dispersed phase in the continuous gel phase.
  • the ingredients of the composition can be combined, preferably by mixing in water that is heated sufficiently to form the gel, and can then be extruded, molded, or cut into the desired shapes (for example, into the shape of a plant, insect, crustacean, reptile, amphibian, or fish) by means that are well known in this field.
  • the resulting gelled composition will typically be semi-solid. It should not require refrigeration during storage.
  • the ability to form the product into any desired shape also provides potential marketing benefits with respect to the humans who will buy the food for animals.
  • the color, shape, and the like of the food articles can be selected so as to appeal to the human purchaser in addition to appealing to the non-human animal that will eat the article.
  • the artificial food articles can be fed to an animal in an amount that can be readily determined by a person of ordinary skill. If beta- 1,3- glucan is included in the article, it is preferably included at a concentration that will provide a dosage to the animal that eats the article of between about 0.5-1.0 g/kg of feed eaten.
  • the gel matrix provides the manufactured food article with a flesh-like texture that is generally acceptable to various animals and thus provides tactile attraction, in contrast to hard pellets which have commonly been used as animal food in the past.
  • a component having a low specific gravity can be added to provide a controlled specific gravity for the overall product and thus to control its buoyancy in water.
  • Many aquatic and marine animals have specific areas or zones within the water column in which they feed. For example, carp, catfish, and goatfish are bottom feeders, tetras and clownfish are mid- water feeders, and hatchet fish and guppies are top feeders.
  • One particularly preferred ingredient for providing the desired specific gravity is albumin (egg white). This is preferably added near the end of the mixing process.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 show a side view and Fig. 2 a front view of a food article 10 formed in the shape of a fish, having a plurality of fins 12, 14, and 16 as would a real fish.
  • the food article 10 consists largely of the gel matrix 18.
  • Interspersed throughout the gel matrix 18 are particles 20 of various edible materials such as nutrients.
  • the particles are shown in Fig. 1 as visible to the naked eye, it should be understood that those particles might instead be small enough that they could not be seen readily. Further, the particles 20 need not all be of uniform size.
  • pigmentation is included in the composition, the particles may not be externally visible even if they are large enough to be seen.
  • the food article can have the form of seaweed that is commonly eaten by fish, and can optionally be bonded to an anchoring device (e.g., a chunk of calcium carbonate) to hold it on the bottom of an enclosure of water in which fish are kept.
  • an anchoring device e.g., a chunk of calcium carbonate
  • a tropical fish food composition contains the ingredients shown in Table 1. Table 1 ingredient weight percent
  • Vitamin mix e.g., vitamin C 0.5075
  • Chromophyll (marigold petals) 0.175
  • Beta- 1,3 -glucan (ImmuStim) 0.0005
  • the gelatin is dissolved in boiling water.
  • the oils are then added.
  • protein coated foam (albumin) can be added to modify the specific gravity and therefore the buoyancy of the composition.
  • the remaining ingredients are added, preferably in the form of finely ground dry particles.
  • the composition is then mixed thoroughly. It can be extruded or molded into the desired shapes.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un produit alimentaire préparé (10) pour animaux contenant (a) au moins un composant comestible (20) formé de matières nutritives pour animaux, de stimulants du système immunitaire d'animaux, de stimulants d'appétit pour animaux, d'activateurs de couleur d'animaux ou d'agents thérapeutiques pour animaux; et (b) d'une matrice de support en gel (18) comestible. La matrice de support en gel (18) forme de préférence une phase continue dans le produit alimentaire (10), les autres composants (20) formant une phase discontinue dispersée dans la matrice de support en gel (18). Le produit alimentaire (10) peut avoir la forme et/ou l'odeur d'un produit alimentaire naturel, une plante ou un animal, qui aurait normalement servi à l'alimentation d'un animal. On peut ajuster la gravité spécifique du produit alimentaire (10) de sorte qu'il présente approximativement la même flottabilité dans l'eau qu'un produit alimentaire naturel qui aurait normalement servi à l'alimentation de l'animal.
PCT/US1998/004499 1997-04-18 1998-03-06 Systeme de distribution de gel pour la nutrition et l'hygiene animales WO1998047392A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU66915/98A AU6691598A (en) 1997-04-18 1998-03-06 Gel delivery system for animal nutrition and health

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US84420597A 1997-04-18 1997-04-18
US08/844,205 1997-04-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998047392A1 true WO1998047392A1 (fr) 1998-10-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1998/004499 WO1998047392A1 (fr) 1997-04-18 1998-03-06 Systeme de distribution de gel pour la nutrition et l'hygiene animales

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6691598A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998047392A1 (fr)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999045792A1 (fr) * 1998-03-09 1999-09-16 Purina Mills, Inc. Gel alimentaire pour animaux
WO2002078432A1 (fr) * 2001-03-30 2002-10-10 Societe Des Produits Nestle S.A. Produits et procedes permettant d'ameliorer l'hygiene dentaire d'un animal
US6716470B2 (en) 2000-08-17 2004-04-06 Purina Mills, Inc. Method and apparatus for making an animal feed gel using a cooled pipe
WO2004030466A1 (fr) * 2002-10-07 2004-04-15 Trouw International B.V. Bloc alimentaire
WO2004039171A1 (fr) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-13 Zoolife International Limited Aliment sous forme de gel
US6830771B2 (en) 2002-02-07 2004-12-14 Purina Mills, Llc Fiber-containing animal feed gel
EP1543729A1 (fr) * 2003-12-16 2005-06-22 Inve Technologies N.V. Composition alimentaire pour organismes aquatiques contenant des algues et/ou des levures
EP1738655A1 (fr) 2005-06-28 2007-01-03 Viten S.R.L. Aliment pour animaux
WO2007011330A1 (fr) * 2005-07-14 2007-01-25 Purina Mills, Llc Produit alimentaire pour le bétail à base de gel, procédé de fabrication et utilisation
WO2008059225A1 (fr) * 2006-11-13 2008-05-22 Biotec Pharmacon Asa Traitement d'une infestation ectoparasitaire
EP2057897A1 (fr) * 2006-08-18 2009-05-13 Sergio Juarros Nebreda Procédé de fabrication de leurres naturels utilisés dans la pêche industrielle et sportive
WO2010124391A1 (fr) 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Chemaphor Inc. Procédés et compositions pour améliorer la santé d'animaux
US8092853B2 (en) * 2003-12-02 2012-01-10 Purina Mills, Llc Gel based livestock feed, method of manufacture and use
WO2012120378A1 (fr) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-13 Olympic Seafood As Compositions et procédés destinés à la supplémentation nutritionnelle
EP2861084A4 (fr) * 2012-06-14 2016-06-22 Georgius Abidal Adam Compositions à ingérer de densité neutre
IT201600078683A1 (it) * 2016-07-27 2018-01-27 Mattia Saporiti Matrice edibile per uso veterinario e zootecnico e relativo metodo di produzione
US10449247B2 (en) 2007-10-26 2019-10-22 Avivagen Inc. Compositions and methods for enhancing immune response

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US3899480A (en) * 1970-12-29 1975-08-12 Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd Shaped polysaccharide articles and a method for producing them
US5169634A (en) * 1988-06-15 1992-12-08 Apothe Kernes Laboratorium A.S. Pharmaceutical dosage form for the medication of fish
US5401727A (en) * 1990-07-06 1995-03-28 As Biotech-Mackzymal Process for enhancing the resistance of aquatic animals to disease
US5525353A (en) * 1994-04-22 1996-06-11 Aquacenter, Inc. Ambient temperature-processed aquatic animal feed and process for making same

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3899480A (en) * 1970-12-29 1975-08-12 Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd Shaped polysaccharide articles and a method for producing them
US5169634A (en) * 1988-06-15 1992-12-08 Apothe Kernes Laboratorium A.S. Pharmaceutical dosage form for the medication of fish
US5401727A (en) * 1990-07-06 1995-03-28 As Biotech-Mackzymal Process for enhancing the resistance of aquatic animals to disease
US5525353A (en) * 1994-04-22 1996-06-11 Aquacenter, Inc. Ambient temperature-processed aquatic animal feed and process for making same

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6171632B1 (en) 1998-03-09 2001-01-09 Purina Mills, Inc. Animal feed gel
WO1999045792A1 (fr) * 1998-03-09 1999-09-16 Purina Mills, Inc. Gel alimentaire pour animaux
US6716470B2 (en) 2000-08-17 2004-04-06 Purina Mills, Inc. Method and apparatus for making an animal feed gel using a cooled pipe
WO2002078432A1 (fr) * 2001-03-30 2002-10-10 Societe Des Produits Nestle S.A. Produits et procedes permettant d'ameliorer l'hygiene dentaire d'un animal
US6904870B2 (en) 2001-03-30 2005-06-14 Nestec S.A. Products and methods for improving animal dental hygiene
US6830771B2 (en) 2002-02-07 2004-12-14 Purina Mills, Llc Fiber-containing animal feed gel
WO2004030466A1 (fr) * 2002-10-07 2004-04-15 Trouw International B.V. Bloc alimentaire
GB2395414B (en) * 2002-11-01 2006-08-02 Zoolife Internat Ltd Gel feed
WO2004039171A1 (fr) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-13 Zoolife International Limited Aliment sous forme de gel
GB2395414A (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-26 Zoolife Internat Ltd Gel feed for fish
US10383346B2 (en) 2003-12-02 2019-08-20 Purina Mills, Llc Gel based livestock feed, method of manufacture and use
US11051533B2 (en) 2003-12-02 2021-07-06 Purina Mills, Llc Gel based livestock feed, method of manufacture and use
US10653167B2 (en) 2003-12-02 2020-05-19 Purina Mills Llc Gel based livestock feed, method of manufacture and use
US8092853B2 (en) * 2003-12-02 2012-01-10 Purina Mills, Llc Gel based livestock feed, method of manufacture and use
US10231473B2 (en) 2003-12-02 2019-03-19 Purina Mills, Llc Gel based livestock feed, method of manufacture and use
US10085466B2 (en) 2003-12-02 2018-10-02 Purina Mills, Llc Gel based livestock feed, method of manufacture and use
US9918487B2 (en) 2003-12-02 2018-03-20 Purina Mills, Llc Gel based livestock feed, method of manufacture and use
US8993031B2 (en) 2003-12-02 2015-03-31 Purina Mills, Llc Gel based livestock feed, method of manufacture and use
WO2005058063A1 (fr) * 2003-12-16 2005-06-30 Inve Technologies Nv Aliment pour organismes aquatiques, contenant des algues et/ou de la levure
EP1543729A1 (fr) * 2003-12-16 2005-06-22 Inve Technologies N.V. Composition alimentaire pour organismes aquatiques contenant des algues et/ou des levures
EP1738655A1 (fr) 2005-06-28 2007-01-03 Viten S.R.L. Aliment pour animaux
EP1909594B1 (fr) 2005-07-14 2015-04-08 PMI Nutrition International, LLC Produit alimentaire pour le bétail à base de gel, procédé de fabrication et utilisation
WO2007011330A1 (fr) * 2005-07-14 2007-01-25 Purina Mills, Llc Produit alimentaire pour le bétail à base de gel, procédé de fabrication et utilisation
EP2057897A4 (fr) * 2006-08-18 2011-08-03 Nebreda Sergio Juarros Procédé de fabrication de leurres naturels utilisés dans la pêche industrielle et sportive
EP2057897A1 (fr) * 2006-08-18 2009-05-13 Sergio Juarros Nebreda Procédé de fabrication de leurres naturels utilisés dans la pêche industrielle et sportive
WO2008059222A3 (fr) * 2006-11-13 2008-10-02 Biotec Pharmacon Asa Aliments pour animaux et compositions vétérinaires
WO2008059225A1 (fr) * 2006-11-13 2008-05-22 Biotec Pharmacon Asa Traitement d'une infestation ectoparasitaire
WO2008059222A2 (fr) * 2006-11-13 2008-05-22 Biotec Pharmacon Asa Aliments pour animaux et compositions vétérinaires
EP2119371A3 (fr) * 2006-11-13 2010-01-06 Biotec Pharmacon ASA Aliments pour animaux et compositions vétérinaires
US10449247B2 (en) 2007-10-26 2019-10-22 Avivagen Inc. Compositions and methods for enhancing immune response
US10456369B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2019-10-29 Avivagen Inc. Methods and compositions for improving the health of animals
WO2010124391A1 (fr) 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Chemaphor Inc. Procédés et compositions pour améliorer la santé d'animaux
WO2012120378A1 (fr) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-13 Olympic Seafood As Compositions et procédés destinés à la supplémentation nutritionnelle
EP2861084A4 (fr) * 2012-06-14 2016-06-22 Georgius Abidal Adam Compositions à ingérer de densité neutre
IT201600078683A1 (it) * 2016-07-27 2018-01-27 Mattia Saporiti Matrice edibile per uso veterinario e zootecnico e relativo metodo di produzione

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