WO1998043044A1 - Dispositif pour indiquer la direction - Google Patents

Dispositif pour indiquer la direction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998043044A1
WO1998043044A1 PCT/CA1998/000356 CA9800356W WO9843044A1 WO 1998043044 A1 WO1998043044 A1 WO 1998043044A1 CA 9800356 W CA9800356 W CA 9800356W WO 9843044 A1 WO9843044 A1 WO 9843044A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
geographical location
location
geographical
zones
north
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA1998/000356
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kurt Rolf Papsdorf
Peter Boetzkes
Original Assignee
Qiblah International Industries Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qiblah International Industries Limited filed Critical Qiblah International Industries Limited
Priority to AU69160/98A priority Critical patent/AU6916098A/en
Publication of WO1998043044A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998043044A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C17/00—Compasses; Devices for ascertaining true or magnetic north for navigation or surveying purposes
    • G01C17/38—Testing, calibrating, or compensating of compasses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C17/00—Compasses; Devices for ascertaining true or magnetic north for navigation or surveying purposes
    • G01C17/02—Magnetic compasses

Definitions

  • a device for indicating the direction from a first geographical location to a second geographical location spaced from the first geographical location comprising display means for displaying the direction from the first geographical location to the second geographical location; orientation means for orientating the display means relative to Magnetic North; compensation means for compensating for the deviation of Magnetic North from True North for the first geographical location so that the direction displayed is the true direction, the compensation means including a plurality of zones, each zone representing a geographical area comprising a set of geographical locations each having at least a similar deviation of Magnetic North from True North; and input means for entering location data for at least the first geographical location, the input means including association means for associating the first geographical location with one of the zones thereby to determine the deviation of Magnetic North from True North for the first geographical location.
  • true direction is intended to refer to a direction which is compensated for the deviation of Magnetic North from True North, and thus does not necessarily refer to a direction which is 100 percent accurate, but is accurate to within the limits of the device of the inventio .
  • the input means may include a map of at least a portion of a geographical area of the world.
  • the map is a Mercator's projection.
  • the map may represent the whole world, or it may represent a smaller geographical area or region of the world. When the map represents a smaller geographical area or region, a larger scale is possible, making it possible more accurately to enter the location data for the first geographical area.
  • the plurality of zones may comprise a two- dimensional layout of the zones .
  • Each zone may thus represent a continuum of a set of geographical locations having a similar deviation of Magnetic North from True North.
  • the layout of the zones includes at least thirty zones or multiples of thirty.
  • each zone represents a geographical area of which the boundaries are not determined by geographical location, but by the similar deviation of Magnetic North from True North for the geographical locations falling within the boundaries.
  • the magnetic deviation for the geographical location having the smallest magnetic deviation in any zone differs at most about 5° from the magnetic deviation of the geographical location having the largest magnetic deviation in that zone when a map of a substantial portion of the world is being used, and about 1° when a map of a smaller geographical area or region is being used.
  • a typical range of magnetic deviations for any zone varies between about 1° and about 5°, and the term "similar" in relation to the magnetic deviations of geographical locations is being used with these ranges in mind, although it is to be appreciated that the range of magnetic deviations for a zone may fall outside these values .
  • the map of a geographical area may be located over the layout of the zones, or vice versa, or the map and the layout may be electromechanically or electronically connected such that a set of geographical locations on the map, each having a similar deviation of Magnetic North from True North is represented by a zone.
  • the map of a geographical area has the same dimensions as the layout of the zones, or in other words, the layout of the zones is scaled to the map of a geographical area.
  • the map and the layout must be in register, i.e. a location on the map of a geographical area must be in register with a point representing that same location on the layout of the zones, when the map is located over the layout.
  • the association means may include a plurality of switch or sensor means arranged in a two-dimensional array on the layout of the zones .
  • Each switch or sensor means may associate a geographical location on the map of a geographical area with one of the zones.
  • Each switch or sensor means may thus represent a particular first geographical location.
  • the switch or sensor means may be in the form of micro-switches, small touch sensitive switches, or the like.
  • a plurality of micro-switches are arranged in a two-dimensional array or grid or matrix on the layout of the zones and are sandwiched between the map of a geographical area and the layout of the zones .
  • the micro- switches can be activated by pressing on the map of a geographical area.
  • the display means may include a display screen having a plurality of radially extending pointers which are selectively enabled or contrasted thereby to indicate the true direction to the second geographical location from the first geographical location.
  • the display screen may thus include rows of light emitting diodes arranged in radially extending lines from a centre, with the centre representing the second geographical location.
  • the display screen may be a liquid crystal display screen having a plurality of radial sectors or pointers which are selectively enabled or contrasted dependent upon the direction of the second geographical location relative to the first geographical location.
  • a device for indicating the direction from a first geographical location to a second geographical location spaced from the first geographical location comprising input means for entering location data for at least the first geographical location; display means for displaying the direction from the first geographical location to the second geographical location, the display means including a display screen having a plurality of radially extending pointers which are selectively contrasted thereby to indicate the direction of the second geographical location from the first geographical location; orientation means for orientating the display means relative to Magnetic North; and compensation means for compensating the displayed direction for the deviation of Magnetic North from True North for the first geographical location so that the direction displayed is the true direction.
  • the compensation means of the device may include a plurality of zones, each zone representing a geographical area comprising a set of geographical locations each having at least a similar deviation of Magnetic North from True North, and the input means may include association means for associating the first geographical location with one of the zones thereby to determine the deviation of Magnetic North from True North for the first geographical location.
  • the display screen, the input means and the compensation means may be as hereinbefore described.
  • the input means may comprise a representation of a map of at least a portion of the world, the representation being divided into zones and each zone in use being selectable for representing a first geographical location, and an actuation switch or sensor associated with each zone to actuate the compensation means, which provides a signal to the display means to display the true direction from a first geographical location represented by a zone, to the second geographical location.
  • each zone describes a plurality of first geographical locations grouped together on the basis of their similar geographical location only and are typically equal-sized rectangular zones forming a grid or a matrix or a two-dimensional array.
  • a device for indicating the direction from a selected location of a plurality of geographical locations to a desired location including orientation means for orientating the device relative to Magnetic North; input means for entering information for identifying the selected geographical location, the input means being located in an abutting fashion proximate a map of at least a portion of a geographical area of the world, the input means defining a plurality of zones each of which are associated with a set of geographical locations each having at least a similar deviation of Magnetic North from True North; processing means responsive to the input means and connected to each of the zones and operable to determine the direction from the selected geographical location to the desired location from information sourced from the input means; and display means connected to the processing means and operable to display the true direction from the selected location to the desired location under control of the processing means.
  • the input means of the device may comprise a planar base on which the plurality of zones are defined by conductive surfaces, each conductive surface being electrically isolated from adjacent conductive surfaces and at least some of the conductive surfaces tapering towards a region which is co-located with the desired location.
  • the map of a portion of a geographical area of the world of the device according to the third aspect of the invention may be a Mercator's projection and the input means may include an array of sensors for sensing the selected location on the map, each sensor being at least partially defined by a conductive surface of each of the plurality of zones .
  • the processing means of the device may be connected to the array of sensors and operable to determine the deviation of Magnetic North from True North for the selected geographical location, and hence the true direction from the selected geographical location to the desired location, upon activation of a particular sensor.
  • the device may include a portable or transportable body, housing all its functional parts.
  • the body may be of a non-magnetic material, e.g. a synthetic plastics or polymeric material.
  • the orientation means may include a mark on the body of the device.
  • the orientation means may also include magnetic compass means for indicating Magnetic North, e.g. a magnetic needle. Instead, the orientation means may include an electronic device for indicating Magnetic North.
  • the device may include clock means for establishing a time base.
  • the clock means may be a conventional clock, such as a quartz crystal oscillator or the like.
  • the clock means may be adapted to be re-set.
  • the time base being established by the clock means may correspond to Greenwich Mean Time.
  • the compensation means may include processing means which are configured to provide local time and date information based on the time base and the first geographical location.
  • the processing means may include a micro-computer or micro-controller programmed or programmable to provide the deviation of Magnetic North from True North for any first geographical location.
  • the clock means may thus be in the form of an internal clock of the micro-computer or micro-controller, instead of being a conventional, separate clock.
  • the processing means may store or may have access to data for the annual rate of change of the deviation of Magnetic North from True North for any first geographical location thereby to determine the deviation for any first geographical location at a particular date.
  • the processing means may also be configured to calculate local sunrise and sunset times for any first geographical location, based on the date. This may be accomplished by using one or more algorithms. In one embodiment of the device, three algorithms are used, calculating the earth' s axial tilt angle to the plane of the earth' s orbit about the sun, based on the date, calculating the sunrise time from the tilt angle and latitude/longitude of the first geographical location, and calculating the sunset time from the tilt angle and latitude/longitude of the first geographical location. Suitable algorithms are available from astronomical sources .
  • the device may include alarm means alarming a user of the approach of or of a Muslim prayer time for the first geographical location.
  • the alarm means may provide an audible and/or a visual alarm signal.
  • the alarm means may be activated by the processing means, which may be configured to calculate the five Muslim prayer times for a first geographical location based on the sunrise and sunset times calculated for that first geographical location.
  • the radially extending pointers of the display screen may be configured to identify a Muslim prayer time, e.g. when the alarm means provides an alarm signal.
  • the Muslim prayer times may be provided on the display screen, in a circular arrangement or in a dial-like fashion, with the radially extending pointers identifying a Muslim prayer time in clock-like fashion.
  • the actuation switches or sensors are membrane switches or sensors.
  • the map is typically a Mercator's projection and the actuation switches or sensors are arranged in a matrix or grid below the map .
  • the second geographical location may be a predetermined fixed geographical location.
  • the second geographical location is the location of the Qiblah of Makkah (Mecca) , i.e. 21.27 degrees longitude North, 34.49 degrees latitude East.
  • the direction from each first geographical location, represented by a zone or its actuation switch, or by a switch or sensor means, to the second pre-determined geographical location may be pre- calculated, or it may be calculated by the processing means, before it is corrected for magnetic deviation.
  • the device may be powered by a rechargeable or disposable battery or by solar power.
  • Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of one embodiment of a device in accordance with the invention for indicating the direction from a first geographical location to a second geographical location spaced from the first geographical location;
  • Figure 2 is a side view of the device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a layout of functional parts of the device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a three-dimensional view of another embodiment of the device in accordance with the invention for indicating the direction from a first geographical location to a second geographical location spaced from the first geographical location;
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of a display means of the device of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a plan view of a plurality of zones of the device of Figure 4, which comprises a two-dimensional map of the zones;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic block diagram of the device of Figure 4.
  • Figure 8 is layout of an upper surface of a printed circuit board for the device of Figure 4.
  • reference numeral 10 generally indicates one embodiment of a device, in accordance with the invention, for indicating the direction from a first or selected geographical location to a second or desired geographical location spaced from the first geographical location.
  • the device 10 comprises a portable body 12 , input means 14 for entering location data for the first geographical location, radial display means 16 for displaying the direction from the first geographical location to the second geographical location, and orientation means 18 for orientating the display means 16 relative to Magnetic North.
  • the body 12 comprises an upper casing 19 and a lower casing 20.
  • the upper casing 19 and the lower casing 20 are moulded from a synthetic plastics material, but they may be of any suitable non-magnetic material .
  • the input means 14 includes a planar printed representation 22 of a map of the world, in the form of a Mercator's projection, overlayed over a two-dimensional array of membrane switches 24 (See Figures 2 and 3) .
  • the representation 22 is of a map of a smaller area or region of the world.
  • the representation 22 is capable of distortion so that the membrane switches may be activated.
  • the membrane switches 101 to 136 are arranged in a matrix or grid or array comprising four rows of nine switches each.
  • the representation 22 of a map of the world is effectively divided up into thirty-six zones, each zone corresponding to one of the thirty-six membrane switches 101 - 136 and representing a plurality of first geographical locations falling inside the zone.
  • the zones are determined by merely dividing up of a map, some of the zones may include geographical locations having magnetic deviations which differ substantially from each other. This can be seen on a map showing magnetic deviation lines for the world, e.g Map No. 5374 published at Tamton, UK, 8 December 1995 by the Hydrographer of the Navy.
  • the display means 16 comprises a circular display screen 26 mounted in the upper casing 19 and having thirty- six rows of light emitting diodes indicated by reference numerals 201 to 236 (see Figure 3) , arranged in radially extending lines from a centre 28 representing the second or desired geographical location. Thus, there is a row of light emitting diodes 201 to 236 for every 10° of a circle.
  • the display screen 26 is a liquid crystal display including a plurality of radial sectors or pointers which are selectively enabled or contrasted dependent upon the direction to the second geographical location from the first geographical location which is identified by one of the thirty-six membrane switches 101 - 136.
  • the orientation means 18 includes a reference mark 30 (see Figures 1 and 3) provided on the upper casing 19 of the body 12.
  • a magnetic needle 32 typically of magnetised iron, is fixedly mounted to a shaft 34 of a nonmagnetic material by means of a mounting assembly 36 (see Figure 2) .
  • the mounting assembly 36 is typically of brass.
  • the shaft 34 is rotatably or pivotally mounted between spaced parallel support plates 38 and 40.
  • a slot 42 is provided in the upper casing with a similar slot or a transparent section (not shown) being provided in the support plate 38 so that the needle 32 is visible through the slot 42.
  • Compensation means includes processing means having a micro-controller or microcomputer 44 and associated circuitry (not shown) which is located in the lower casing 20 (see Figures 2 and 3) .
  • the micro-computer 44 stores data for the annual rate of change of the deviation of Magnetic North from True North for each first geographical location represented by one of the thirty-six zones of the representation 22 of the map of the world.
  • the micro-computer 44 also acts as a clock to keep a time base, and to calculate local time and date.
  • the micro-computer 44 receives its input from the membrane switches 101 - 136, and its output comprises a signal to one of the rows of light emitting diodes 201 - 236 of the display means 16.
  • a battery compartment 46 for receiving disposable or rechargeable batteries is located in the lower casing 20 and is closeable by a cover 48.
  • the device 10 is solar powered.
  • a power switch 50 (see Figure 1) , which enables power to be supplied to electronic components of the device 10, such as the membrane switches 101 - 136, the micro-computer 44, and the display means 16, is located in the upper casing 19.
  • the device 10 is used to indicate the direction from a first or selected geographical location where a user of the device finds himself, to a desired location, typically the Qiblah in the city of Makkah (Mecca) in Saudi Arabia .
  • the device 10 In use, the device 10, and thus the display means 16, is orientated relative to Magnetic North by adjusting the orientation of the device 10 in a horizontal plane until the magnetic needle 32 points to the reference marker 30 on the upper casing 19. With the device 10 switched on by means of the power switch 50, the user then pushes with his finger or, for example, a sharp object on the representation 22 of the map of the world in an area of the map which corresponds to the geographical location of the user, thus activating one of the membrane switches 101 - 136 corresponding to that area of the representation 22.
  • the micro-computer 44 scans the membrane switches 101 - 136 to sense which membrane switch 101 - 136 is activated, and performs a compensation calculation based on the actual date, the geographical location represented by the membrane switch which was activated, a pre-programmed magnetic deviation at a base date, and the stored data for the annual rate of change of the deviation of Magnetic North from True North for that geographical location, to calculate the deviation of Magnetic North from True North for that geographical location at that point in time.
  • the micro-computer 44 is pre-programmed with information regarding the direction from any one of the zones, represented by the switches 101 - 136, to the Qiblah in Makkah (Mecca) .
  • This pre-programmed direction is adjusted with the deviation of Magnetic North from True North as calculated by the micro-computer 44, before the microcomputer 44 sends a signal to the display means 16 to activate one of the rows of light emitting diodes 201 - 236 which indicates the true direction relative to Magnetic North from the geographical location of the user to the Qiblah in Makkah (Mecca) in Saudi Arabia, which is represented by the centre 28 of the screen 26.
  • this direction is compensated or corrected for the deviation of Magnetic North from True North before it is displayed on the display means 16.
  • the user of the device 10 can then use this information to orientate himself in the direction of Makkah (Mecca) for purposes of prayer or meditation.
  • a further embodiment of a device in accordance with the invention for indicating the direction from a first or selected geographical location to a second or desired geographical location spaced from the first geographical location is generally indicated by reference numeral 300.
  • the device 300 resembles the device 10 and, unless otherwise indicated, the same reference numerals used above in relation to the device 10 are used to indicate the same or similar parts or features.
  • the display means 16 of the device 300 includes a liquid crystal display screen 302.
  • the display screen 302 has a plurality of shaped radially inwardly extending sectors or pointers 304 which correspond to the rows of light emitting diodes 201 to 236 of the -screen 36 of the device 10.
  • the pointers 304 are selectively enabled or contrasted thereby to indicate the true direction of the second geographical location from the first geographical location.
  • a centre 306 of the display screen 302 represents the Qiblah in Makkah (Mecca) in Saudi Arabia.
  • the device 300 includes compensation means
  • Each zone 310 includes a plurality of geographical locations of a Mercator's projection map which each have a similar deviation of Magnetic North from
  • the layout 308 has dimensions which are similar to the dimensions of the representation 22 of a map of the world.
  • the representation 22 is located over the layout 308, so that Makkah (Mecca) on the representation 22 is located over an area indicated by arrow 312 on the layout 308.
  • the representation 22 provides a Mercator's projection map of the world between 60° South Latitude and 60° North Latitude.
  • the input means 14 includes association means, in the form of a plurality of micro-switches forming part of a keyboard 360 (see Figure 7) provided on a surface of the layout 308 facing the representation 22.
  • the micro- switches are sandwiched between the layout 308 and the representation 22 and are arranged in a two-dimensional array or grid or matrix.
  • the device 300 has 581 micro- switches.
  • each micro-switch associates a small geographical location on the representation 22 with one of the zones 310.
  • the micro-switches are composite in nature and operate in conjunction with conductive surfaces 366 (see Figure 8) defining the zones 310 of similar magnetic deviation.
  • the compensation means and association means are defined by the micro-switches and conductive surfaces 366 and are connected to processing means which comprises a micro-controller chip 352 and associated support circuitry 354, described in more detail below, housed inside the body 12.
  • reference numeral 350 generally indicates a circuit diagram of the device 300.
  • the device 300 includes the micro-controller chip 352 with associated support circuitry 354, as mentioned above, and appropriate software.
  • the chip 352 has its various input/output ports connected via lines 356 to an LCD display 358, defining the display screen 302, and to a keyboard 360 which provides an array of 581 sensors for sensing the first or selected location of a plurality of geographical locations identified on a Mercator's projection map.
  • the map is located in an abutting fashion over a portion of a printed circuit board 362 (see Figure 8) .
  • the map is located so that the area indicated by arrow 312 is co-located with the geographical location of Makkah (Mecca) .
  • Lines 364 connect selected contacts of the layout 308 and the display 358 to ground. Further contacts of the layout 308 define selected contacts of the keyboard 360.
  • the zones 310 are defined by conductive surfaces
  • zone 366 (only a few of which are referenced in Figure 8) of the printed circuit board 362 each of which are electrically isolated from adjacent conductive surfaces 366.
  • zone 310.1 is electrically isolated from adjacent zones 310.2 and 310.3.
  • the conductive surfaces 366 taper towards the area 312 corresponding to Makkah (Mecca) and link those geographical locations which have similar magnetic deviations which fall within a preselected range.
  • 30 zones 310 are provided each of which represent a magnetic deviation. It is to be appreciated that the number of conductive surfaces 366, and thus the number of zones 310, may be increased or decreased thereby to respectively increase or decrease the accuracy of the device 300.
  • the zones 310 thus define zones which each comprises a set of geographical locations each having a similar magnetic deviation, in a contour-like fashion.
  • the conductive surfaces 366 are connected to the chip 352 by contacts 368 on the printed circuit board 362
  • the conductive surfaces 366 are a component part of sensors defined by the various switches of the keyboard 360 which are arranged in an array.
  • the conductive surfaces 366 are a component part of sensors defined by the various switches of the keyboard 360 which are arranged in an array.
  • the micro-controller 352 may be programmed to perform various time, date and alarm functions in a similar fashion to the micro-computer 44 of the device 10. For example, the micro-controller 352 may establish a time base, e.g. Greenwich Mean Time, from which the micro-controller 352 is able to calculate the local time, date and times of sunrise and sunset for any selected geographical location.
  • a time base e.g. Greenwich Mean Time
  • the device 300 also includes alarm means, in the form of a buzzer (not shown) .
  • the alarm means under control of the chip 354 alarms a user of the device 300 of the approach of or of one of the five Muslim prayer times for the selected geographical location.
  • the device 300 is used in similar manner to the device 10 to indicate the direction from the first or selected geographical location where a user of the device 300 finds himself, to the Qiblah in the city of Makkah (Mecca) in Saudi Arabia.'
  • the device 300, and thus the display means 16 is orientated relative to Magnetic North by adjusting the orientation of the device 300 in a horizontal plane until the magnetic needle 32 points to the reference marker 30 on the upper casing 19.
  • a sharp object e.g. a pen or a pencil or a stylus forming part of the device 300, on the representation 22 of the map of the world in an area of the map which corresponds with the geographical location of the user.
  • One of the micro- switches is activated by the sharp object and closes a circuit between the chip 352 and one of the conductive surfaces 366.
  • the chip 352 identifies which micro-switch was activated and which conductive surface 366 is involved. Dependent upon which micro-switch is activated, and thus in which zone 310 the selected geographical location is located, the micro-controller chip 352 determines the deviation of Magnetic North from True North for that geographical location based on the conductive surfaces 366.
  • the micro-controller chip 352 also calculates the direction from the selected geographical location to the Qiblah in Makkah (Mecca) , using simple trigonometric methods, and then adjusts the direction calculated to compensate for the deviation of Magnetic North from True North for the zone 310 associated with the micro-switch that was activated.
  • the display means 16 is then activated under control of the chip 352 to activate one of the sectors or pointers 304 on the display screen 302 to indicate the true direction.
  • the local time and date is calculated by the micro-controller chip
  • the micro-controller chip 352 may also calculate local sunrise and sunset times typically with an accuracy of about 4 minutes, and by means of the buzzer alarms the user when one of the five Muslim prayer times is approaching or has been reached.
  • the display screen 302 also indicates graphically by means of dedicated areas (not shown) arranged in a circle in dial-like fashion on the display screen 302 and one of the sectors or pointers 304, which prayer time is involved, e.g. Morning (Fajr) , Noon
  • the device 10, 300, as illustrated, is easy to use and clearly displays the direction from the user's geographic location to the Qiblah in Makkah (Mecca) .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif, qui permet d'indiquer la direction entre un premier lieu géographique et un second lieu géographique situé à distance du premier, comprend un système d'affichage, qui affiche la direction entre le premier lieu et le second, un système d'orientation, qui oriente le système d'affichage par rapport au nord magnétique, et un système de compensation, qui compense la déviation du nord magnétique par rapport au nord géographique pour le premier lieu, de façon que la direction affichée soit la direction géographique vraie. Le système de compensation comprend une pluralité de zones, dont chacune représente une région géographique constituée d'un ensemble de lieux géographiques présentant au moins une déviation similaire entre le nord magnétique et le nord géographique. Le dispositif comprend également un système d'entrée, qui permet d'entrer des données de localisation pour au moins le premier lieu géographique. Le système d'entrée comporte un système d'association, qui associe le premier lieu géographique à l'une des zones, ce qui permet de déterminer la déviation du nord magnétique par rapport au nord géographique pour le premier lieu.
PCT/CA1998/000356 1997-03-26 1998-03-26 Dispositif pour indiquer la direction WO1998043044A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU69160/98A AU6916098A (en) 1997-03-26 1998-03-26 A device for indicating direction

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA97/2622 1997-03-26
ZA972622 1997-03-26

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WO1998043044A1 true WO1998043044A1 (fr) 1998-10-01

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WO2000022593A1 (fr) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-20 Siemens Automotive Corporation Systeme d'information pour conducteurs
US6812888B2 (en) 1997-08-19 2004-11-02 Siemens Vdo Automotive Corporation Driver information system
US6946991B2 (en) * 2001-11-08 2005-09-20 Yamaha Corporation Portable terminal
US20120047235A1 (en) * 2010-08-18 2012-02-23 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method of displaying event on portable terminal, apparatus therefor, and system for providing the same
WO2018117918A1 (fr) * 2016-12-24 2018-06-28 محمد عثمان فرحة الزهراني Tapis de prière intelligent à mouvement autonome vers la direction de la prière islamique (qibla)
RU185194U1 (ru) * 2017-06-21 2018-11-26 Алексей Станиславович Попов Устройство для совершения молитвы

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6812888B2 (en) 1997-08-19 2004-11-02 Siemens Vdo Automotive Corporation Driver information system
WO2000022593A1 (fr) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-20 Siemens Automotive Corporation Systeme d'information pour conducteurs
US6946991B2 (en) * 2001-11-08 2005-09-20 Yamaha Corporation Portable terminal
US7330730B2 (en) 2001-11-08 2008-02-12 Yamaha Corporation Portable terminal
US20120047235A1 (en) * 2010-08-18 2012-02-23 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method of displaying event on portable terminal, apparatus therefor, and system for providing the same
WO2018117918A1 (fr) * 2016-12-24 2018-06-28 محمد عثمان فرحة الزهراني Tapis de prière intelligent à mouvement autonome vers la direction de la prière islamique (qibla)
RU185194U1 (ru) * 2017-06-21 2018-11-26 Алексей Станиславович Попов Устройство для совершения молитвы

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