WO1998042817A1 - Compositions detergentes - Google Patents

Compositions detergentes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998042817A1
WO1998042817A1 PCT/EP1998/001770 EP9801770W WO9842817A1 WO 1998042817 A1 WO1998042817 A1 WO 1998042817A1 EP 9801770 W EP9801770 W EP 9801770W WO 9842817 A1 WO9842817 A1 WO 9842817A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tablet
particles
weight
surfactant
soap
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1998/001770
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter William Appel
Jelles Vincent Boskamp
Henning Wagner
Original Assignee
Unilever Plc
Unilever N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9706083.4A external-priority patent/GB9706083D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9722345.7A external-priority patent/GB9722345D0/en
Application filed by Unilever Plc, Unilever N.V. filed Critical Unilever Plc
Priority to BR9808057-1A priority Critical patent/BR9808057A/pt
Priority to EP98917084A priority patent/EP0972007B1/fr
Priority to DE69824564T priority patent/DE69824564T2/de
Priority to CA002284828A priority patent/CA2284828A1/fr
Priority to AU70418/98A priority patent/AU742565B2/en
Publication of WO1998042817A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998042817A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
    • C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
    • C11D17/0073—Tablets
    • C11D17/0086—Laundry tablets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to detergent compositions in the form of tablets for use in fabric washing.
  • Detergent compositions in tablet form have been described in, for example, GB 911204 (Unilever) , US 3953350 (Kao) , JP 60-015500A (Lion) , and EP-A-711827 (Unilever) and are sold commercially in Spain. Tablets have several advantages over powdered products : they do not require measuring and are thus easier to handle and dispense into the washload, and they are more compact, hence facilitating more economical storage.
  • Such tablets are generally made by compressing or compacting a quantity of detergent composition in particulate form. It is desirable that tablets should have adequate mechanical strength when dry, before use, yet disintegrate and disperse/dissolve quickly when added to wash water. It has not proved simple to achieve both properties simultaneously. As more pressure is used when a tablet is compacted, so the tablet density and strength rise, but the speed of disintegration/dissolution when the tablet comes into contact with wash water goes down.
  • the compression pressure used in the Examples of this document was from 180 to 300 psi (approximately 1.2 to 2.1 MPa) . Elsewhere in the document it is proposed that the pressure should not exceed 350 psi (approximately 2.5 MPa) to avoid slow disintegration encountered with higher pressures.
  • Detergent compositions including tablet compositions, frequently contain a mixture of anionic and nonionic organic surfactants. It is often desirable to include both of these types of surfactant, for performance of the composition when washing fabrics.
  • the surfactant is a mixture of non-soap anionic and nonionic detergent surfactants- (preferably accompanied by soap) where both are present in significant amounts, but anionic is in the majority.
  • the balance of the composition should then contain material, other than organic surfactant, which is water soluble. This approach to formulation may be applied to the composition of a whole tablet, or to an individual region of a tablet with a plurality of distinct regions, e.g. layers.
  • a detergent tablet of compressed particulate composition wherein the tablet or a region thereof comprises organic surfactant and water-soluble detergency builder, characterised in that the tablet or region thereof contains from 30 to 65% by weight (of the tablet or region as the case may be) of particles which contain from 25 to 80% by weight (of these particles) of water-soluble detergency builder and from 20 to 50% by weight (of these particles) of non-soap organic surfactant which is anionic and nonionic surfactants in a ratio from 5:1 to 1.5:1 and in that in addition to said particles the tablet or region contains at least 15% by weight (of the tablet or region respectively) of substance which is other than soap or organic surfactant and which has a solubility in water of at least lOgm/litre at 20°C.
  • surfactant as a binder material in the part of the composition outside the surfactant-rich particles. Excluding it from this part of the composition is advantageous, to avoid interference with the prompt dissolution of this part of the composition.
  • the weight of the non-soap anionic surfactant in the particles is at least 1.7 times the weight of the nonionic surfactant in them. More preferably, this weight ratio of anionic surfactant to nonionic surfactant lies in a range from 2:1 up to 5:1, and more preferably from 2:1 to 4:1. Preferably these particles contain at least 80% by weight better at least 90% or even 95% of all the organic surfactant (including any soap) in the tablet or region.
  • the water-soluble material which is present in the composition, externally to the surfactant-rich particles, . preferably comprises from 15 to 40% (better 16 or even 25% up to 35%) by weight (of the tablet or region as the case may be) of one or more materials selected from • compounds with a water-solubility exceeding 50 grams per 100 grams water; • sodium tripolyphosphate containing at least 50% of its own weight of the phase I anhydrous form, and preferably partially hydrated so as to contain water of hydration in an amount which is at least 1% by weight of the sodium tripolyphosphate; • mixtures thereof.
  • the water-soluble material which is present in the composition, externally to the surfactant-rich particles is present as particles which are substantially free of surfactant, i.e. contain no more than 5% of their own weight of organic surfactant.
  • a preferred form of this invention provides a detergent tablet of compressed particulate composition, or a discrete region of such a tablet, containing (i) from 35 to 60 wt% (and probably from 41 to 53, 56 or 60wt%) of particles which contain non-soap anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant and water-soluble detergency builder, (ii) from 15 to 40 wt% ( and probably from 16 or 1.7 to. 35 wt%) of particles which are substantially free of surfactant, i.e. contain at least 95% of their own weight of water soluble material but contain no more than 5% of their own weight of organic surfactant, and
  • first said particles (i) contain at least 20% preferably at least 24% of their own weight of non-soap surfactant and the weight of anionic surfactant therein is from 1.5 to 5 times the weight of nonionic surfactant therein.
  • this invention a tablet defined by reference to a test procedure described below.
  • the invention provides a detergent tablet of compressed particulate composition wherein the tablet or a discrete region of the tablet comprises particles which contain non-soap anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant, preferably soap and other water-soluble ingredients, characterised in that the particles contain at least 20 wt% in total of the anionic and nonionic surfactants and in that a test tablet consisting of the said non-soap anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant, and any soap in the same proportions, together with 15% by weight moisture has a breaking strength as herein defined of at least 0.4 MPa and a modulus as herein defined of not more than 10 MPa preferably not more than 8 MPa.
  • this invention provides the use of particles containing a mixture of non-soap anionic and nonionic surfactants and detergency builder, where the concentration by weight of non-soap anionic surfactant is at least 1.5 times as great as the concentration by weight of nonionic surfactant and the total concentration of these surfactants is at least 20 wt% of the particles to provide improvements in tablet strength and elasticity versus speed of disintegration.
  • a tablet of the invention may be either homogeneous or heterogeneous.
  • the term “homogeneous” is used to mean a tablet produced by compaction of a single particulate composition, but does not imply that all the particles of that composition will necessarily be of identical composition.
  • the term “heterogeneous” is used to mean a tablet consisting of a plurality of discrete regions, for example layers, inserts or coatings, each derived by compaction from a particulate composition.
  • each discrete region of the tablet will preferably have a mass of at least 5gm.
  • At least one and possibly more of the discrete regions contains the mixed anionic and nonionic surfactants and detergency builder in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig la shows a tablet when first contacted by the platens of a materials testing machine
  • Fig lb shows the tablet at the point of failure
  • Fig 2 diagrammatically illustrates the form of a graph obtained during testing.
  • a graph of force (F) against displacement (x) has the form illustrated by Fig 2.
  • the maximum force is the force at failure (F f ) .
  • the force at failure divided by the area of a diametral plane through the tablet is the breaking strength, with units of Pascals.
  • the break energy is the area under the graph of force against displacement, up to the point of break. It is shown shaded in Fig 2 and is given by the equation:
  • E b is the break energy in joules
  • x is the displacement in metres
  • F is the applied force in Newtons at displacement x and x f is the displacement at failure.
  • the displacement at failure relative to the tablet diameter is the relative displacement x f /y.
  • Breaking strength divided by relative displacement is a modulus, whose value is inverse to tablet elasticity.
  • anionic surfactants are well known to those skilled in the art .
  • the anionic surfactant may comprise, wholly or predominantly, linear alkyl benzene sulphonate of the formula
  • R is linear alkyl of 8 to 15 carbon atoms and M + is a solubilising cation, especially sodium.
  • R is an alkyl or alkenyl chain of 8 to 18 carbon atoms especially 10 to 14 carbon atoms and M + is a solubilising cation
  • M + is a solubilising cation
  • such linear alkyl benzene sulphonate or primary alkyl sulphate of the formula above, or a mixture thereof will be the desired non-soap anionic surfactant and may provide 75 to 100wt% of any anionic non-soap surfactant in the composition.
  • non-soap anionic surfactants examples include olefin sulphonates; alkane sulphonates ; dialkyl sulphosuccinates ; and fatty acid ester sulphonates.
  • One or more soaps of fatty acids may also be included in addition to the required non-soap anionic surfactant.
  • Examples are sodium soaps derived from the fatty acids from coconut oil, beef tallow, sunflower or hardened rapeseed oil . These may be formed by adding fatty acid and a base such as sodium carbonate to a slurry which is spray-dried to form the surfactant-rich base particles.
  • Nonionic surfactant compounds include in particular the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example, aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkyl phenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide.
  • Specific nonionic surfactant compounds are alkyl (C 8 _ 22 ) phenol-ethylene oxide condensates, the condensation products of linear or branched aliphatic C 8 . 20 primary or secondary alcohols with ethylene oxide, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene ' oxide and ethylene-diamine .
  • the primary and secondary alcohol ethoxylates especially the C 9-11 and C 12 _ 15 primary and secondary alcohols ethoxylated with an average of from 3 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
  • composition which is compacted to form tablets or tablet regions includes water-soluble detergency builder.
  • Water-soluble phosphorous-containing inorganic detergency builders include the alkali-metal orthophosphates, metaphosphates, pyrophosphates and polyphosphates .
  • Specific examples of inorganic phosphate builders include sodium and potassium tripolyphosphates, orthophosphates and hexametaphosphates .
  • Non-phosphorous water-soluble builders may be organic or inorganic .
  • Inorganic builders that may be present include alkali metal (generally sodium) carbonate; while organic builders include polycarboxylate polymers, such as polyacrylates and acrylic/maleic copolymers, monomeric polycarboxylates such as citrates, gluconates, oxydisuccinates, glycerol mono- di- and trisuccinates , carboxymethyloxysuccinates, carboxymethyloxymalonates, dipicolinates and hydroxyethyliminodiacetates .
  • alkali metal generally sodium
  • organic builders include polycarboxylate polymers, such as polyacrylates and acrylic/maleic copolymers, monomeric polycarboxylates such as citrates, gluconates, oxydisuccinates, glycerol mono- di- and trisuccinates , carboxymethyloxysuccinates, carboxymethyloxymalonates, dipicolinates and hydroxyethy
  • Tablet compositions preferably include polycarboxylate polymers, more especially polyacrylates and acrylic/maleic copolymers which can function as builders and also inhibit unwanted deposition onto fabric from the wash liquor.
  • a tablet or a region thereof in accordance with this invention will contain overall from 2 or 5wt% up to 40 or 50wt% non-soap surfactant, and from 5 or 10wt% up to 60 or 80wt% detergency builder.
  • the concentration of non-soap anionic surfactant in the tablet or a region thereof will generally be at least one and a half times the concentration of nonionic surfactant. It is preferably at least 3% by weight of the tablet or region, e.g. from 3wt% up to 30 or 40wt%.
  • the concentration of nonionic surfactant is preferably at least 2% by weight of the tablet or region, such as 2 to 15wt% of the tablet or region thereof.
  • the quantity of soap in the tablet or region thereof is preferably from 0.1 or 0.2 up to 1% or 2% by weight of the tablet or region thereof. Higher proportions such as up to 4% are less preferred.
  • these percentage ranges may apply to the overall composition of the tablet, as well as to at least one region of the tablet.
  • anionic non-soap surfactant, nonionic surfactant water-soluble detergency builder and other materials which preferably include soap are made into particles such that the non-soap surfactant provides from 20 to 50% of the weight of these particles.
  • the non-soap surfactant provides at least 22% or 24% of the weight of these particles, and more preferably at least 28%, desirably up to 45% of their weight.
  • soap is desirably from 0.2 to 2%, and possibly more, up to 3% or 4% by weight of these particles, and in these particles the weight ratio of nonionic detergent to soap is preferably from 5:1 better 10:1 to 30:1.
  • Such particles may be made by spray drying, or by a granulation process.
  • they Preferably they contain water-soluble detergency builder in an amount which is from 30 to 80% of the weight of these particles, better 30 or 40 up to 60% of the weight of these particles.
  • the surfactant mixture used in these particles can be tested mechanically in directly analogous manner to the testing of tablets, discussed above. To do this a mixture of the non-soap surfactants and any soap is made on a small scale, and cast into cylindrical form or some other shape from which a cylinder can be cut. If necessary this is dried to reduce the water content to 15% by weight (approximating to 5% moisture in the particles which contain this surfactant mixture) . Next, it is tested on a materials testing machine in the manner described above for testing of tablets. This mechanical testing procedure can also be applied to tablets made from the surfactant-rich particles alone.
  • anionic surfactant in these particles is to enhance elasticity without much effect on magnitude of the force to cause fracture.
  • Nonionic surfactant tends to have some opposite effect. Soap when present, cooperates with the nonionic surfactant to reduce mobility of the nonionic surfactant and to increase tablet strength (as measured by force to cause failure) .
  • anionic non-soap surfactant nonionic surfactant and preferably soap we have found that it is possible to achieve adequate strength and elasticity of a test tablet which in turn signifies that the same mixture will give tablets with good strength and elasticity.
  • Breaking strength is desirably at least 0.04MPa preferably at least 0.05MPa.
  • the modulus is desirably no more than 10 MPa preferably no more than 8 or even 5 MPa.
  • a tablet or tablet region of this invention contains water-soluble material which serves to promote disintegration. Preferably this is provided as particles which are substantially free of organic surfactant .
  • the said particles which promote disintegration are particles containing sodium tripolyphosphate with more than 50% of it (by weight of the particles) in the anhydrous phase I form.
  • Sodium tripolyphosphate is very well known as a sequestering builder in detergent compositions. It exists in a hydrated form and two crystalline anhydrous forms. These are the normal crystalline anhydrous form, known as phase II which is the low temperature form, and phase I which is stable at high temperature. The conversion of phase II to phase I proceeds fairly rapidly on heating above the transition temperature, which is about 420:;C, but the reverse reaction is slow. Consequently phase I sodium tripolyphosphate is metastable at ambient temperature.
  • Particles which contain this phase I form will often contain the phase I form of sodium tripolyphosphate as at least 55% by weight of the tripolyphosphate in the particles.
  • Other forms of sodium tripolyphosphate will usually be present to a lesser extent.
  • Other salts may be included in the particles, although that is not preferred.
  • a further preference is that the sodium tripolyphosphate is partially hydrated. The extent of hydration should be at least 1% by weight of the sodium tripolyphosphate in the particles. It may lie in a range from 2.5 to 4%, or it may be higher. Suitable material is commercially available. Suppliers include Rhone-Poulenc, France and Albright & Wilson, UK.
  • Rhodiaphos HPA 3.5 from Rhone-Poulenc has been found particularly suitable. It is a characteristic of this grade of sodium tripolyphosphate that it hydrates very rapidly in a standard Olten test . We have found that it hydrates as quickly as anhydrous sodium tripolyphosphate, yet the prehydration appears to be beneficial in avoiding unwanted crystallisation of the hexahydrate when the material comes into contact with water at the time of use.
  • these disintegration-promoting particles contain at least 50% of their own weight, better at least 80%, of a material which has a solubility in deionised water at 20°C of at least 50 grams per 100 grams of water.
  • the said particles may provide material of such solubility in an amount which is at least 7 wt% or 12 wt% of the whole composition of the tablet or region thereof.
  • a solubility of at least 50 grams per 100 grams of water at 20°C is an exceptionally high solubility: many materials which are classified as water soluble are less soluble than this. Some highly water-soluble materials which may be used are listed below, with their solubilities expressed as grams of solid to form a saturated solution in 100 grams of water at 20°C:-
  • this highly water soluble material is incorporated as particles of the material in a substantially pure form (i.e. each such particle contains over 95% by weight of the material) .
  • the said particles may contain material of such solubility in a mixture with other material, provided that material of the specified solubility provides at least 50% by weight of these particles.
  • Detergent tablets according to the invention may contain a bleach system.
  • This preferably comprises one or more peroxy bleach compounds, for example, inorganic persalts or organic peroxyacids, which may be employed in conjunction with activators to improve bleaching action at low wash temperatures. If any peroxygen compound is present, the amount is likely to lie in a range from 10 to 25% by weight of the tablet.
  • Preferred inorganic persalts are sodium perborate monohydrate and tetrahydrate, and sodium percarbonate .
  • Bleach activators have been widely disclosed in the art. Preferred examples include peracetic acid precursors, for example tetraacetylethylene diamine (TAED) , and perbenzoic acid precursors.
  • TAED tetraacetylethylene diamine
  • the quaternary ammonium and phosphonium bleach activators disclosed in US 4751015 and US 4818426 (Lever Brothers Company) are also of interest.
  • Another type of bleach activator which may be used, but which is not a bleach precursor is a transition metal catalyst as disclosed in EP-A-458397, EP-A-458398 and EP-A-549272.
  • a bleach system may also include a bleach stabiliser (heavy metal sequestrant) such as ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonate and diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonate .
  • Bleach activator is usually present in an amount from 1 to 10% by weight of the tablet, possibly less in the case of a transition metal catalyst which may be used as 0.1% or more by weight of the tablet .
  • the detergent tablets of the invention may also contain one of the detergency enzymes well known in the art for their ability to degrade various soils and stains and so aid in their removal .
  • Suitable enzymes include the various proteases, cellulases, lipases, amylases, and mixtures thereof, which are designed to remove a variety of soils and stains from fabrics .
  • Detergency enzymes are commonly employed in the form of granules or marumes, optionally with a protective coating, in amount of from about 0.1% to about 3.0% by weight of the tablet.
  • the detergent tablets of the invention may also contain a fluorescer (optical brightener) , for example, Tinopal (Trade Mark) DMS or Tinopal CBS available from Ciba-Geigy AG, Basel, Switzerland.
  • Tinopal DMS is disodium 4,4'bis- (2-morpholino-4-anilino-s-triazin-6-ylamino) stilbene disulphonate
  • Tinopal CBS is disodium 2 , 2 ' -bis- (phenyl- styryl) disulphonate.
  • An antifoam material is advantageously included, especially if a detergent tablet is primarily intended for use in front-loading drum-type automatic washing machines.
  • Antifoam materials in granular form are described in EP 266863A (Unilever) .
  • Such antifoam granules typically comprise a mixture of silicone oil, petroleum jelly, hydrophobic silica and alkyl phosphate as antifoam active material, sorbed onto a porous absorbed water-soluble carbonate-based inorganic carrier material.
  • a detergent tablet of the invention includes an amount of an alkali metal silicate, particularly sodium ortho-, meta- or disilicate.
  • an alkali metal silicate particularly sodium ortho-, meta- or disilicate.
  • the presence of such alkali metal silicates may be advantageous in providing protection against the corrosion of metal parts in washing machines, besides providing some detergency building.
  • the surfactant-rich particles contain from 5 to 15% silicate by weight of the particles . This improves the strength and free flow of these particles prior to tabletting.
  • compositions which can optionally be employed in fabric washing detergent tablet of the invention include anti-redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, straight-chain polyvinyl pyrrolidone and the cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, fabric- softening agents; heavy metal sequestrants such as EDTA; perfumes; and colorants or coloured speckles.
  • anti-redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, straight-chain polyvinyl pyrrolidone and the cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, fabric- softening agents
  • heavy metal sequestrants such as EDTA
  • perfumes and colorants or coloured speckles.
  • a detergent tablet of this invention or a region of such a tablet, is a matrix of compacted particles.
  • the particulate composition has an average particle size before compaction in the range from 200 to 2000 ⁇ m, more preferably from 250 to 1400 ⁇ m. Fine particles, smaller than 180 ⁇ m or 200 ⁇ m may be eliminated by sieving before tableting, if desired, although we have observed that this is not always essential.
  • the starting particulate composition may in principle have any bulk density
  • the present invention is especially relevant to tablets made by compacting powders of relatively high bulk density, because of their greater tendency to exhibit disintegration and dispersion problems.
  • Such tablets have the advantage that, as compared with a tablet derived from a low bulk density powder, a given dose of composition can be presented as a smaller tablet.
  • the starting particulate composition may suitably have a bulk density of at least 400 g/litre, preferably at least 550 g/litre, and perhaps at least 600 g/litre.
  • Granular detergent compositions of high bulk density prepared by granulation and densification in a high-speed mixer/granulator, as described and claimed in EP 340013A (Unilever) , EP 352135A (Unilever) , and EP 425277A (Unilever) , or by the continuous granulation/densification processes described and claimed in EP 367339A (Unilever) and EP 390251A (Unilever) , are inherently suitable for use in the present invention.
  • Tableting entails compaction of the particulate composition.
  • a variety of tableting machinery is known, and can be used. Generally it will function by stamping a quantity of the particulate composition which is confined in a die .
  • Tableting may be carried out without application of heat, so as to take place at ambient temperature or at a temperature above ambient.
  • the particulate composition is preferably supplied to the tableting machinery at an elevated temperature. This will of course supply heat to the tableting machinery, but the machinery may be heated in some other way also.
  • any heat is supplied, it is envisaged that this will be supplied conventionally, such as by passing the particulate composition through an oven, rather than by any application of microwave energy.
  • the size of a tablet will suitably range from 10 to 160 grams, preferably from 15 to 60 g, depending on the conditions of intended use, and whether it represents a dose for an average load in a fabric washing or dishwashing machine or a fractional part of such a dose.
  • the tablets may be of any shape. However, for ease of packaging they are preferably blocks of substantially uniform cross- section, such as cylinders or cuboids.
  • the overall density of a tablet preferably lies in a range from 1040 or 1050gm/litre up to 1300gm/litre . The tablet density may well lie in a range up to no more than 1250 or even 1200gm/litre.
  • Particulate compositions were made by mixing this powder with other ingredients as tabulated below. These included particles of sodium tripolyphosphate specified to contain 70% phase I form and contain 3.5% water of hydration (Rhodia-Phos HPA 3.5 available from Rhone-Poulenc) . The compositions contained the following percentages by weight :
  • each composition 40g portions of each composition were made into cylindrical tablets of 44 mm diameter, using a Carver hand press, with sufficient applied pressure to produce tablets which dissolved to 90% of complete dissolution within approximately equal times not exceeding four minutes, in water at 20 °C. Applied forces in a range from 2 to 4 kN have usually been found to be enough when using this hand press .
  • a test procedure was used in which a tablet was placed on a plastic sieve with 2mm mesh size which was immersed in 9 litres of demineralised water at ambient temperature of 20 °C. The water conductivity was monitored until it reached a constant value. The time for dissolution of the tablets was taken as the time (T 90 ) for change in the water conductivity to reach 90% of its final magnitude.
  • the force at fracture was measured and also the displacement at fracture.
  • the break energy which as explained above is the area under a force-over-displacement graph up to failure, was calculated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des compositions détergentes, prenant la forme de pastilles, permettant de laver le linge. Ces compositions contiennent au moins 30 %, mais de préférence pas plus de 56 %, de particules qui contiennent la plus grande partie, ou la totalité, du surfactant non savonneux et également de 20 à 50 % d'un adjuvant pour détergents soluble dans l'eau. Le surfactant non savonneux est un mélange de surfactants anioniques et non ioniques dans lequel la teneur en surfactant anionique est d'au moins une fois et demie la teneur en surfactant non ionique. Ces particules sont accompagnées d'au moins 15 % d'une matière, autre que du savon ou un surfactant organique, qui assure la dissolution et la désintégration rapides de la composition sous forme de pastille. La matière préférée est du tripolyphosphate de sodium, contenant une majeure partie de la forme anhydre en phase I, et est partiellement hydratée de manière à contenir entre 1 et 4 % en poids d'eau d'hydratation. Les particules forment un réseau qui donne à la fois de la résistance et de l'élasticité à la pastille avant son utilisation. La matière soluble dans l'eau, qui accompagne les particules, assure cependant la dissolution et la désintégration rapides au cours de l'utilisation. On obtient ainsi une combinaison améliorée de résistance au cours de la manipulation, de résistance à la cassure en cours de transport et de vitesse de désintégration.
PCT/EP1998/001770 1997-03-24 1998-03-18 Compositions detergentes WO1998042817A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR9808057-1A BR9808057A (pt) 1997-03-24 1998-03-18 Tablete detergente de composição particulada comprimida, e, processo para fabricar o mesmo
EP98917084A EP0972007B1 (fr) 1997-03-24 1998-03-18 Compositions detergentes
DE69824564T DE69824564T2 (de) 1997-03-24 1998-03-18 Waschmittelzusammensetzungen
CA002284828A CA2284828A1 (fr) 1997-03-24 1998-03-18 Compositions detergentes
AU70418/98A AU742565B2 (en) 1997-03-24 1998-03-18 Detergent compositions

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9706083.4A GB9706083D0 (en) 1997-03-24 1997-03-24 Detergent compositions
GB9706083.4 1997-03-24
GB9722345.7 1997-10-22
GBGB9722345.7A GB9722345D0 (en) 1997-10-22 1997-10-22 Detergent compositions

Publications (1)

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WO1998042817A1 true WO1998042817A1 (fr) 1998-10-01

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PCT/EP1998/001770 WO1998042817A1 (fr) 1997-03-24 1998-03-18 Compositions detergentes

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EP (1) EP0972007B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1257536A (fr)
AU (1) AU742565B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9808057A (fr)
CA (1) CA2284828A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69824564T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2222583T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL335883A1 (fr)
TR (1) TR199902317T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998042817A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999020730A1 (fr) * 1997-10-22 1999-04-29 Unilever Plc Compositions detergentes en pastilles
WO1999055812A1 (fr) * 1998-04-28 1999-11-04 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Corps moules detergents a proprietes de decomposition ameliorees
FR2784392A1 (fr) * 1998-10-09 2000-04-14 Rhodia Chimie Sa Tablettes de composition detergente ou anticalcaire et leur mise en oeuvre en lave-vaisselle ou lave-linge
WO2000022089A1 (fr) * 1998-10-09 2000-04-20 Unilever Plc Compositions adoucissantes et detergentes
WO2000022088A1 (fr) * 1998-10-09 2000-04-20 Unilever Plc Compositions adoucissantes et detergentes
WO2000032740A1 (fr) * 1998-11-27 2000-06-08 Unilever Plc Compositions detergentes sous forme de comprimes
US6306814B1 (en) 1999-01-26 2001-10-23 Unilever Home & Personal Care, Usa Detergent compositions
WO2001094522A1 (fr) * 2000-06-02 2001-12-13 Unilever Plc Compositions pour vaisselle
US6358910B1 (en) 1997-06-06 2002-03-19 Lever Brothers Company, Divison Of Conopco, Inc. Detergent compositions
US6372707B1 (en) 1997-06-06 2002-04-16 Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Cleaning compositions
GB2367830A (en) * 2000-10-12 2002-04-17 Procter & Gamble Process for preparing tablets

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EP0466485A2 (fr) * 1990-07-13 1992-01-15 Unilever Plc Compositions détergentes
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EP0711827A2 (fr) * 1994-11-14 1996-05-15 Unilever Plc Compositions détergentes sous forme de tablettes
EP0716144A2 (fr) * 1994-11-14 1996-06-12 Unilever Plc Détergent sous forme de tablette ayant un revêtement soluble dans l'eau

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GB911204A (en) * 1960-07-28 1962-11-21 Unilever Ltd Bleaching compositions
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US3324038A (en) * 1964-04-17 1967-06-06 Procter & Gamble Detergent composition
US3953350A (en) * 1973-10-25 1976-04-27 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Foaming bleaching composition
US4642197A (en) * 1984-05-14 1987-02-10 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Process for the production of a washing additive in tablet form
EP0466485A2 (fr) * 1990-07-13 1992-01-15 Unilever Plc Compositions détergentes
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EP0522766A2 (fr) * 1991-07-01 1993-01-13 Unilever Plc Compositions détergentes sous forme de tablettes
EP0598586A1 (fr) * 1992-11-16 1994-05-25 Unilever Plc Compositions détergentes
EP0711827A2 (fr) * 1994-11-14 1996-05-15 Unilever Plc Compositions détergentes sous forme de tablettes
EP0716144A2 (fr) * 1994-11-14 1996-06-12 Unilever Plc Détergent sous forme de tablette ayant un revêtement soluble dans l'eau

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6358910B1 (en) 1997-06-06 2002-03-19 Lever Brothers Company, Divison Of Conopco, Inc. Detergent compositions
US6372707B1 (en) 1997-06-06 2002-04-16 Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Cleaning compositions
EP1236794A3 (fr) * 1997-10-22 2004-01-14 Unilever N.V. Compositions détergentes en pastilles
US6472362B1 (en) 1997-10-22 2002-10-29 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa Division Of Conopco, Inc. Detergent compositions in tablet form
WO1999020730A1 (fr) * 1997-10-22 1999-04-29 Unilever Plc Compositions detergentes en pastilles
EP1236794A2 (fr) * 1997-10-22 2002-09-04 Unilever N.V. Compositions détergentes en pastilles
WO1999055812A1 (fr) * 1998-04-28 1999-11-04 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Corps moules detergents a proprietes de decomposition ameliorees
WO2000022090A1 (fr) * 1998-10-09 2000-04-20 Rhodia Chimie Tablettes de composition detergente ou anticalcaire et leur mise en oeuvre en lave-vaisselle ou lave-linge
US6153574A (en) * 1998-10-09 2000-11-28 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa Division Of Conopco, Inc. Water-softening and detergent compositions
WO2000022088A1 (fr) * 1998-10-09 2000-04-20 Unilever Plc Compositions adoucissantes et detergentes
WO2000022089A1 (fr) * 1998-10-09 2000-04-20 Unilever Plc Compositions adoucissantes et detergentes
FR2784392A1 (fr) * 1998-10-09 2000-04-14 Rhodia Chimie Sa Tablettes de composition detergente ou anticalcaire et leur mise en oeuvre en lave-vaisselle ou lave-linge
WO2000032740A1 (fr) * 1998-11-27 2000-06-08 Unilever Plc Compositions detergentes sous forme de comprimes
DE69903343T2 (de) 1998-11-27 2003-06-18 Unilever N.V., Rotterdam Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen in tablettenform
US6306814B1 (en) 1999-01-26 2001-10-23 Unilever Home & Personal Care, Usa Detergent compositions
US6339059B1 (en) 1999-01-26 2002-01-15 Unilever Home & Personal Care, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Detergent compositions
WO2001094522A1 (fr) * 2000-06-02 2001-12-13 Unilever Plc Compositions pour vaisselle
GB2367830A (en) * 2000-10-12 2002-04-17 Procter & Gamble Process for preparing tablets

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PL335883A1 (en) 2000-05-22
AU7041898A (en) 1998-10-20
DE69824564D1 (de) 2004-07-22
EP0972007A1 (fr) 2000-01-19
BR9808057A (pt) 2000-03-08
CN1257536A (zh) 2000-06-21
EP0972007B1 (fr) 2004-06-16
DE69824564T2 (de) 2005-06-09
CA2284828A1 (fr) 1998-10-01
TR199902317T2 (xx) 1999-12-21
ES2222583T3 (es) 2005-02-01
AU742565B2 (en) 2002-01-10

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