WO1998036843A1 - Appareil pour la separation magnetique compacte de l'air avec basse consommation d'energie et haute efficacite, ainsi que ses applications - Google Patents

Appareil pour la separation magnetique compacte de l'air avec basse consommation d'energie et haute efficacite, ainsi que ses applications Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998036843A1
WO1998036843A1 PCT/CN1998/000024 CN9800024W WO9836843A1 WO 1998036843 A1 WO1998036843 A1 WO 1998036843A1 CN 9800024 W CN9800024 W CN 9800024W WO 9836843 A1 WO9836843 A1 WO 9836843A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
oxygen
separation device
magnetic
magnetic separation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN1998/000024
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Rongsheng Li
Original Assignee
Rongsheng Li
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN 97100910 external-priority patent/CN1161249A/zh
Priority claimed from CN 97118314 external-priority patent/CN1179352A/zh
Application filed by Rongsheng Li filed Critical Rongsheng Li
Priority to AU60878/98A priority Critical patent/AU6087898A/en
Publication of WO1998036843A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998036843A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/035—Open gradient magnetic separators, i.e. separators in which the gap is unobstructed, characterised by the configuration of the gap
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
    • B03C1/031—Component parts; Auxiliary operations
    • B03C1/033—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
    • B03C1/0332—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using permanent magnets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/28—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks
    • B03C1/288—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks disposed at the outer circumference of a recipient
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
    • C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
    • C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/16—Magnetic separating gases form gases, e.g. oxygen from air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
    • C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
    • C01B2210/0046—Nitrogen

Definitions

  • the present invention mainly relates to a technology for obtaining oxygen and nitrogen from the air, and particularly relates to an air magnetic separation device and an application of the device. Background technique
  • the cryogenic rectification method uses the boiling point difference between oxygen and nitrogen gas components in liquefied air to achieve rectification separation. This method has a long history and mature technology.
  • the pressure swing adsorption method uses molecular sieves to have different equilibrium adsorption amounts of oxygen and nitrogen in the air. By changing the pressure of the system, the adsorption and desorption process cycles are achieved to achieve the purpose of separating oxygen and nitrogen.
  • Membrane separation technology uses a membrane with a selective permeability function. Under the action of external pressure, oxygen and nitrogen in the air selectively pass through the membrane interface to achieve the purpose of air separation.
  • the technologies of low temperature distillation and pressure swing adsorption are mature and the gas production is high, but the equipment is complicated, the operation cost is high, and the control is cumbersome.
  • the membrane separation technology is simple, the operation is also simple, but the membrane production is difficult, and the service life of the membrane is longer. It is short, and the resistance to gas permeation through the membrane is large, the gas permeation flux is small, and the gas production is small.
  • the membrane separation equipment is bulky, which is not conducive to application. In short, it is technically unsatisfactory.
  • the above three air separation methods have relatively high energy consumption. Take membrane separation technology, which has a relatively low energy consumption, as an example. According to the Editorial Department of “Membrane Science and Technology”, No.
  • the required power consumption is about 300 to 340 watts.
  • the size of the membrane separation oxygen-enriched device involved in this example is about 70 cm in length, 40 cm in width, and 80 cm in height.
  • the weight of the device is about For 100 kg.
  • the oxygen molecules in the air are attracted by the magnetic field to the vicinity of the permanent magnet block and the electromagnet disposed on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical container due to the well-known property of being attracted by the magnetic field.
  • the air near the axis of the cylindrical container is oxygen-deficient nitrogen-enriched air
  • the air near the inner wall of the cylindrical container is oxygen-enriched air.
  • the magnetic field separates oxygen from nitrogen in the air. Using this device, oxygen-enriched air and nitrogen-enriched air can be obtained at the same time, and the occupied space is not too large.
  • Nitrogen, water, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen in the air are weakly antimagnetic components. They will be slightly repelled in a magnetic field, while another important component of the air, oxygen, has strong paramagnetism. It is a well-known phenomenon that a strong magnetic field is attracted to it. According to the Chinese translation of Berkeley's Course “Electromagnetism” Volume 2, “Electromagnetics,” Volume 434, published by Beijing Science Press, June 1979, pp. 434-438, if liquid oxygen is used for experiments Under the conditions of a magnetic field strength of 18,000 Gauss and a magnetic field gradient of 1700 Gauss / cm, the oxygen molecule will be drawn into the magnetic field by a force equal to eight times its own weight. It can be seen that this attraction is large.
  • the magnetic field gradient refers to a rate of change of magnetic field strength with distance.
  • the magnetic field interval with a large value of the product of the magnetic field gradient and the magnetic field strength has a greater attraction for oxygen molecules.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a compact, high-efficiency, low-energy-consumption technology capable of obtaining oxygen and nitrogen from the air and capable of supplying a large amount of gas, and applications thereof.
  • the invention also utilizes the special property that oxygen molecules can be strongly attracted by the magnetic field to obtain oxygen and nitrogen from the air.
  • the invention starts from a new design idea and completely overcomes the existing In the air magnetic separation technology, the energy consumption is large and the actual air supply flow is small.
  • the present invention emphasizes expanding the range of action of the magnetic field on the air, and fully and comprehensively uses the permanent magnets that do not consume electricity.
  • the present invention only uses the permanent magnets as the magnetic field provider.
  • the present invention achieves the following two purposes by arranging the permanent ferrite, especially the plate-shaped permanent magnets with or without holes, in a limited space: one is to use permanent Magnets produce magnetic fields with a high magnetic field gradient and magnetic field strength product value. The second is to greatly expand the effective area of a magnetic field that has a strong attraction to oxygen. This means that the product of the magnetic field gradient and magnetic field strength The interface between the high magnetic field and air greatly expands.
  • a compact and efficient low-energy-consumption magnetic air separation device including one or more air collecting channel brackets, the functions of which include fixing the shape and position of the air collecting channels to prevent The gas collecting channel is deformed, displaced or misplaced, and a plurality of permanent magnets installed at a peripheral position of the gas collecting channel support, the permanent magnets are arranged at small intervals at the peripheral position of the gas collecting channel support, The permanent magnet is adjacent to the peripheral position of the gas collecting channel bracket by a part of the edge, and the permanent magnets arranged at a small interval on the peripheral position of the gas collecting channel bracket are rib-shaped or wing-shaped, and are installed in the gas collecting A part of the edges of many of the rib-shaped or wing-shaped permanent magnets at the periphery of the channel bracket and the gas collecting channel bracket together form a gas collecting channel using the gas collecting channel bracket as a guide bracket.
  • the device of the above components is called a compact and efficient low-energy air magnetic separation device.
  • the magnetic field of the permanent magnet cluster in the air magnetic separation device is in contact with the oxygen-containing source air, the strong paramagnetic oxygen molecules in the oxygen-containing source air are moved in the direction of the permanent magnet cluster, so that, The oxygen content in the air of the interstitial space of the rib-shaped or wing-shaped permanent magnet clusters arranged at the periphery of the gas collecting channel support and its adjacent space is higher than that of the oxygen-containing air.
  • the gap on the side wall of the air channel is in contact with the air with relatively high oxygen content.
  • the air output through the air outlet channel of the compressor It is air with a relatively high oxygen content, that is, oxygen-enriched air.
  • the machine used to pump oxygen-enriched air may also be a machine with self-sustained suction capability, such as some types of gasoline engines.
  • an adjacent permanent magnet installed at a peripheral position of the air collecting channel bracket
  • the magnetic poles that are close to each other can be either magnetic poles with different magnetic polarities, or magnetic poles with the same magnetic polarity, or a situation between these two situations.
  • the best way to arrange the permanent magnets that are ribbed or fin-shaped mounted on the periphery of the collecting channel bracket is to make the adjacent magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets have the same magnetic polarity magnetic pole. Take a permanent magnet with a remanence of 2500 Gauss on the surface of a magnetic pole as an example.
  • the gap between the magnetic poles can reach about 10,000 Gauss / cm, and when the magnetic pole spacing is about 0.2 cm, the magnetic field gradient in and near the magnetic pole gap can reach about 25000 Gauss / cm; and if a magnetic pole surface is used, Permanent magnets with a residual magnetic strength of about 1000 Gauss, and still close to each other with magnetic poles of the same magnetic polarity.
  • the magnetic field gradient in such a magnetic pole gap and its vicinity can reach about 10,000 Gauss / cm
  • the magnetic field gradient at the magnetic pole gap and its vicinity can reach about 20,000 Gauss / cm; even if a permanent magnet with a magnetic pole surface remanence of only 500 Gauss is used,
  • the magnetic pole pitch is about 0.2 cm to 0.1 cm
  • the magnetic field gradient value can also reach about 5000 Gauss / cm to 10000 Gauss / cm.
  • the permanent magnets arranged in a rib or wing shape on the periphery of the air collecting channel support may be permanent magnets of any shape.
  • the permanent magnet of any shape includes a permanent magnet including a hole and a permanent magnet not including a hole.
  • the present invention emphasizes the expansion of the effective interface between the magnetic field and the air in a limited space, and the use of a plate-shaped permanent magnet is the option that is most beneficial to achieve the purpose of the present invention.
  • the plate-shaped permanent magnet of the present invention includes, of course, a plate-shaped permanent magnet including a hole, and a plate-shaped permanent magnet not including a hole.
  • the plate-shaped permanent magnet according to the present invention includes a plate-shaped permanent magnet having a uniform thickness, and a plate-shaped permanent magnet having a change in thickness.
  • the plate-shaped permanent magnet according to the present invention may of course include a plate-shaped permanent magnet having a curved surface.
  • the magnetization method of the plate-shaped permanent magnet may be any magnetization method, for example, it may be bipolar magnetization or multi-pole magnetization; the magnetization direction may be arbitrarily oriented.
  • the most suitable magnetization method of the plate-shaped permanent magnet is a bipolar magnetization method; the most suitable magnetization direction is a direction perpendicular to or close to the maximum longitudinally-divided cross section of the plate-shaped permanent magnet.
  • the most suitable magnetization direction is a direction perpendicular to or close to the plane of the plate-shaped permanent magnet.
  • the permanent magnet containing a hole may be a permanent magnet containing a single hole, or a permanent magnet containing two or three or four or five or more holes, and the number of the holes is not limited.
  • a permanent magnet containing a hole the best way of assembling the gas collecting channel bracket and the permanent magnet is to make the gas collecting channel bracket penetrate the hole of the permanent magnet containing the hole, in other words,
  • the permanent magnet is preferably adjacent to a peripheral position of the gas collecting channel bracket by the edge of the hole. However, it is also possible to use a part of the peripheral edge of the permanent magnet containing a hole to abut the peripheral position of the gas collecting channel holder.
  • the hole-containing permanent magnet most suitable for the purpose of the present invention is a plate-shaped permanent magnet containing a hole.
  • the permanent magnet containing holes may contain only a single hole, or may contain more than one hole, and the number of the holes is not limited.
  • the plate-shaped permanent magnet contains a plurality of holes, correspondingly, a plurality of gas collecting channel brackets can respectively penetrate the holes of the plate-shaped permanent magnet.
  • the shape of the hole of the permanent magnet containing the hole is not limited.
  • the hole may be a circular, elliptical, streamlined, long, polygonal, or gear-shaped hole.
  • the shape of the peripheral edge of the permanent magnet containing a hole is not limited.
  • the shape of the peripheral edge of the permanent magnet may be circular, elliptical, streamlined, gear-shaped, long, or polygonal.
  • the gas collecting channel stent may be a rod-shaped, plate-shaped, tubular, rod-shaped, plate-shaped or tube-shaped stent having an arbitrary cross-section.
  • the rod-shaped gas collecting channel bracket is, for example, a bracket having a circular, elliptical, radiating, gear, or polygonal cross section.
  • the plate-shaped gas collecting channel stent is, for example, a stent having a long shape, a rack shape, or a comb shape in cross section.
  • the tubular gas collecting channel stent may be a tubular stent with holes in the side wall, or a tubular stent without holes in the side wall.
  • the best embodiment of the gas collecting channel stent is a tubular stent with a hole for suction on the side wall.
  • the tubular gas collecting channel stent especially a tubular stent with holes in the side wall, may be a hollow pipe of any shape, for example, it may be a round pipe, an oval pipe, a flat pipe, a streamlined pipe, and the cross section is A polygonal or gear-shaped tube.
  • the flat tube includes a flat oval tube and a flat tube with a rectangular or other polygonal cross section.
  • the tubular gas collecting channel stent may be integrally manufactured and formed, or may be assembled and sealed with loose parts.
  • the structure of a flat tube with a rectangular cross section may be a flat plate with a seal.
  • the tubular stent, especially in a flat tube, may also contain some objects for preventing deformation of the tubular stent.
  • the number of gas collection channel supports used in the air magnetic separation device is not limited. For example, one or two or three or more gas collection channel supports may be used.
  • the number of use of the gas collecting channel bracket can be based on the actual gas flow rate, the oxygen content of the used gas, the oxygen content of the oxygen source air, and the flow update status of the oxygen source air, the performance quality of the permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet Installation method to determine. In most applications, it is required to use a plurality of said gas collecting channel brackets equipped with rib-shaped or fin-shaped permanent magnets simultaneously.
  • the air magnetic separation device when adjacent magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets installed at the periphery of the air collecting channel support are magnetic poles with the same magnetic polarity, a magnetic pole having the same polarity in and around such a magnetic pole gap will appear.
  • a magnetic field with a high magnetic field gradient value however, the distribution of the magnetic field intensity in the same space is different from the distribution of the magnetic field gradient. For example, there is an interface where the magnetic field intensity is zero or close to zero in the middle of the magnetic pole gap.
  • the magnetic field gradient value is large at the interface and its vicinity, the value of the magnetic field strength is too small, so that the product of the magnetic field gradient and the magnetic field strength is too small. Therefore, the magnetic field at such an interface and its vicinity attracts oxygen molecules.
  • the interface with a magnetic field strength in the middle of the magnetic pole gap of zero or close to zero and its vicinity is zero or close to zero, so the oxygen content in this interval is relative to the surface of the magnetic pole and its vicinity. It's much smaller.
  • the gap on the side wall of the gas collecting channel is allowed to suck the air gap between the magnetic pole and its vicinity into the gas collecting channel without carefully distinguishing the oxygen content, the result is that although oxygen-enriched air can be obtained, the oxygen-enriched air may be more
  • the ground is from the interface section with zero or near zero attraction to oxygen molecules, because the air in this section is less constrained and relatively easier to flow; and the oxygen content close to the surface of the magnetic pole is high. Air is bound by a magnetic field and, relatively speaking, the flow is sluggish. It is of course possible to suck oxygen-enriched air roughly in the above manner without additional measures, but the effect is not optimal because the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air obtained in this way is not high.
  • oxygen-enriched air should be drawn from the surface of the magnetic pole and the high-oxygen zone close to the surface of the magnetic pole.
  • the air is isolated or shielded to prevent air with a relatively low oxygen content from entering the air collection channel.
  • the air magnetic separation device further including a shelter is a device that is beneficial to obtain high-quality oxygen-enriched air with a relatively high oxygen content.
  • the shield is used to shield the air at and near the interface with a relatively low oxygen content, the shield is installed between adjacent permanent magnets, and between the shield and adjacent permanent magnets There is an air gap.
  • the air gap is corresponding to the surface of the magnetic pole and the high oxygen-containing section close to the surface of the magnetic pole; the air sucked into the collecting channel through the air gap is high-quality oxygen-rich air with relatively high oxygen content.
  • the surrounding edges of the shelter can be large or small, and the size of the surrounding edges is preferably not to hinder the flow of the oxygen-containing air to renew.
  • the material used to make the shelter is not limited, and for example, rubber, plastic, porcelain, wood, metal, and the like can be used.
  • the rib-shaped or wing-shaped permanent magnets installed at the periphery of the air collecting channel support may be permanent magnets containing holes or permanent magnets without holes.
  • the hole-containing permanent magnet is preferably adjacent to the periphery of the gas collecting channel bracket by the edge of the hole.
  • the hole edges of its many holes can be simultaneously adjacent to a plurality of gas collecting channel brackets; for a permanent magnet containing only a single hole, its hole edge is the most It only adjoins a gas collecting channel bracket.
  • the peripheral edge of a part of the permanent magnet may be adjacent to the gas collecting channel support.
  • the edge of the hole and the peripheral edge of the permanent magnet portion may be simultaneously adjacent to different gas collecting channel brackets.
  • the peripheral edge of the permanent magnet may be adjacent to only one gas collecting channel bracket or may be simultaneously with more than one gas collecting channel bracket. Adjacency.
  • the air magnetic separation device of the present invention requires the use of a plurality of gas collecting channel brackets equipped with rib-shaped or wing-shaped permanent magnets, which can be used as a fence Arranged in clusters, clusters, or layers, of course, other arrangements can also be adopted.
  • each of the ribbed or wing-shaped permanent magnets extending between the gas collecting channel supports can be connected with only one gas collecting
  • the channel brackets are adjacent to each other, or may be adjacent to more than one gas collecting channel bracket at the same time.
  • the rib-shaped or wing-shaped permanent magnets installed on the periphery of the air collecting channel support may be plate-shaped permanent magnets with or without holes, and adjacent plate-shaped permanent magnets.
  • the mutually facing plate surfaces may be magnetic pole surfaces with the same magnetic polarity.
  • the magnetic fields around the surface have the same or nearly the same attraction to oxygen molecules, and it is difficult to drive the thin layer of highly oxygen-rich oxygen-rich air along the surface of the magnetic pole toward the gas collecting channel.
  • the following four schemes can be adopted.
  • the first scheme is to make adjacent plates
  • the included angle between the maximum longitudinally divided sections of the permanent magnet is an acute angle, and the direction of the acute angle is directed to the gas collecting channel
  • the second solution is to use a permanent magnet with uneven residual magnetic strength on the surface of the magnetic pole, and Make the part of the permanent magnet having a relatively large remanence intensity close to the gas collecting channel
  • the third solution is to use a plate-shaped permanent magnet having a thickness change, and the thickness change of the plate-shaped permanent magnet is to make the permanent magnet
  • the portion of the bracket adjacent to the gas collecting channel has a gradually increasing thickness
  • the fourth solution is to use a mixture of two or all of the three solutions; any one of the solutions can make the surface of the magnetic pole And the product value of the magnetic field intensity and magnetic field gradient in the section close to the surface of the magnetic pole changes favorably.
  • the thin layer of highly oxygen-rich oxygen with slow flow can be driven Air flows along the surface of the magnetic pole in the direction of the air collecting channel.
  • the air magnetic separation device is a device that includes the shield, the air gap close to the surface of the magnetic pole can just be extracted smoothly and converged along the surface of the magnetic pole.
  • the thin layered distribution of high oxygen-containing air is a device that includes the shield.
  • This high-oxygen-enriched air layer also coincides with the laminar flow described in the general case.
  • the boundary layer corresponds.
  • the density of the laminar boundary layer actually increases, As the thickness increases, the flow becomes more sluggish, and it is less likely to be scattered by the surrounding relatively high rate airflow.
  • the interface and its vicinity in the gaps with zero or near zero attraction to oxygen in the gaps of the magnetic poles can allow airflow to flow at a high rate. Once the oxygen-enriched air layer is formed, it can be stably maintained.
  • the air magnetic separation device of the present invention can allow a large flow rate and a large flow rate to update and supplement the oxygen-containing air, which also means that the air magnetic separation device provided by the present invention has a large oxygen supply potential.
  • the present invention emphasizes that the effective contact interface between the magnetic field and the air is greatly expanded in a limited space. Therefore, as mentioned above, plate-shaped permanent magnets, especially plate-shaped permanent magnets with thickness variations, are a better choice. Obviously, the smaller the average thickness of the plate-shaped permanent magnet is, the more advantageous it is to provide the largest effective magnetic field area in a limited space. However, when the average thickness of the plate-shaped permanent magnet is small to a certain extent, The mechanical properties such as the brittleness and impact strength of the permanent magnets described above have relatively high requirements and can be applied to a wide variety of permanent magnet materials of the present invention. Among them, the bonded permanent magnets have both moldability, brittleness, and impact strength. A better choice for mechanical properties.
  • the bonded permanent magnet is mainly made by mixing and bonding a binder and magnetic powder.
  • the binder is, for example, a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin; the binder may also be a low melting point metal material, such as metal tin; and the binder may also be a rubber material.
  • the magnetic powder is, for example, a ferrite magnetic powder or a rare earth magnetic powder.
  • the rare earth magnetic powder is, for example, a neodymium iron boron magnetic powder or a rare earth cobalt magnetic powder.
  • the bonded permanent magnet can be formed by many methods, for example, it can be formed by injection molding, pressing, coating, or the like.
  • the bonded permanent magnet is also called a composite permanent magnet material.
  • the components of the bonded permanent magnet obviously can also include some minor components, such as colorants, surface protective coatings, and non-ferrous materials sandwiched inside the bonded permanent magnet. Magnetic flakes or nets or filaments.
  • the shape of the permanent magnet according to the present invention is not limited; the bonded permanent magnet can be formed into a permanent magnet of any set shape, and is particularly suitable for being formed into a plate-shaped permanent magnet having a small average thickness.
  • the air magnetic separation device of the present invention when the mutually facing surfaces of adjacent permanent magnets are magnetic pole surfaces with the same magnetic polarity, another special embodiment can also be adopted.
  • This solution is to use the adjacent permanent magnets.
  • a magnetic concentrator made of a magnetically permeable material is installed therebetween, and an air gap exists between the magnetic concentrator and an adjacent permanent magnet.
  • the size of the peripheral edge of the magnetic flux collecting member is not limited; however, in order to effectively function the magnetic flux collecting member, it is best to design the peripheral edge of the magnetic flux collecting member to protrude beyond the peripheral edge of the adjacent permanent magnet.
  • a better design is to use an arrow-shaped or anchor-shaped or rivet-shaped or T-square or hook-shaped or L-letter or dumbbell-shaped cross-section.
  • the peripheral edge of the magnetic flux collecting member is protruded beyond the peripheral edge of the adjacent permanent magnet.
  • the function of the magnetic concentrator is to focus the magnetic lines of force and release them at the flange. In this way, the magnetic field strength at the flange of the magnetic concentrator and its vicinity can be greatly improved, regardless of whether the surface remanence reaches 2500 Gauss.
  • Permanent magnets, or permanent magnets with a surface remanence of only 500 Gauss can be designed appropriately so that the magnetic field strength at the flange of the magnetic concentrator reaches more than 10,000 Gauss, or even higher.
  • the magnetic cross-section is an arrow-shaped or anchor-shaped or T-square-shaped or rivet-shaped or hook-shaped or L-letter-shaped or dumbbell-shaped magnetic concentrator, which takes into account the strength of the magnetic field, the magnetic field gradient, the effective interface of the magnetic field, and the anti-airflow of the fluid boundary layer.
  • Optimal design for impact factors In the above case, the adsorbed oxygen-enriched air enters the air collection channel through an air gap between the magnetic flux collecting member and an adjacent permanent magnet, and is extracted by this path.
  • the air magnetic separation device of the present invention it is of course allowed to select a design such that the mutually facing surfaces of adjacent permanent magnets are magnetic pole surfaces having different magnetic polarities.
  • the mutually facing surfaces of the adjacent permanent magnets are partially abutted against each other, and there is an air gap between such surfaces of the mutually abutting portions. Oxygen-enriched air enters the air-collection channel through this air gap, and is extracted by this path.
  • the sizes of the various air gaps described in the present invention are not limited.
  • the air gap can be as small as a tiny air gap caused by two uneven objects that are inherently uneven on the surface of the object.
  • the mutually facing surfaces of adjacent permanent magnets are magnetic pole surfaces with the same magnetic polarity, if neither the shelter nor the shield is installed between adjacent permanent magnets, It is also possible to install the magnetic concentrator; in this case, it is preferable that the mutually facing surfaces of the adjacent permanent magnets are partly against each other, and the part of the surfaces facing each other is preferably There is an air gap between them. The oxygen-enriched air enters the air collection channel through the air gap, and is extracted through this path.
  • the gas collection channel is connected to the intake channel of a compressor for transporting oxygen-enriched air, and the compressor is started, the oxygen-enriched air can be output from the air outlet channel of the compressor; Permanent magnet clusters should be exposed to oxygen-containing air.
  • the compressor in the present invention refers to a machine for sucking, pressurizing, and conveying gas.
  • an air compressor, a blower, a ventilator, a vacuum pump, an air pump, and the like are all compressors.
  • An air magnetic separation device containing a compressor for conveying oxygen-enriched air is a device form of the air magnetic separation device according to the present invention.
  • the air magnetic separation device whether or not it contains a specially configured for transporting oxygen-enriched air
  • the compressor can directly place the permanent magnet clusters in the natural circulation oxygen-containing air; even if the oxygen-containing source air is in a stationary state with a natural flow rate close to zero, due to the factor of concentration diffusion, Oxygen molecules in the oxygen source air will continue to move in the direction of the permanent magnet clusters to compensate for the low oxygen content around the permanent magnet clusters caused by being sucked.
  • the gas collecting channel bracket is installed in a container together with rib-shaped or wing-shaped permanent magnets and the like installed on the periphery of the gas collecting channel bracket.
  • the container is a container containing three kinds of gas channels, and the three kinds of gas channels are a fresh air input channel, an oxygen-enriched air output channel, and a nitrogen-enriched air output channel.
  • the oxygen-enriched air output channel is connected.
  • the fresh air input channel of the container is communicated with the air outlet channel of a compressor for transporting fresh air, and the compressor is started, the oxygen-containing air can be driven.
  • the permanent magnet cluster is swept at a set flow rate and flow rate.
  • Another embodiment for driving the oxygen-containing source air to flow through the permanent magnet cluster is to make the nitrogen-enriched air output channel of the container and The air inlet passage of the compressor for transporting nitrogen-rich air is communicated.
  • the nitrogen-enriched air or the oxygen-deficient air output from the nitrogen-enriched air output channel of the container can be collected or vented according to the requirements of the application.
  • an air filter may be installed on the fresh air input passage of the container; if the air magnetic separation device is a device containing the container, Device for a compressor for transporting fresh air, then, the intake channel of the compressor for transporting fresh air can also be regarded as a special part of the fresh air input channel, and the air filter can be installed On the intake channel of the compressor.
  • air filters such as air filters made of metal wire mesh, fiber mesh, fiber paper, fiber cloth, and porous foam plastic; the air filters may also be centrifugal dust filters, oil immersion Air filters, etc.
  • the air magnetic separation device of the present invention may further include some seals, and the installation positions of the seals may be positions that need to be sealed, such as at the end of the air collection channel and at each interface of the air flow channel.
  • the air magnetic separation device of the present invention can be divided into three types of air flow channels: the fresh air input channel of the device, the oxygen-rich air output channel of the device, and the nitrogen-rich air output channel of the device.
  • the air flow channel that can be clearly defined is only the oxygen-enriched air output channel of the device.
  • the oxygen multi-stage enrichment system includes a plurality of the air magnetic separation devices, wherein an oxygen-enriched air output channel of the air magnetic separation device of the front stage and air magnetic force of the rear stage Separation device The fresh air input channel is connected. The more enriched stages, the higher the oxygen content of the obtained oxygen-enriched air, and pure oxygen can be obtained in this way.
  • multi-stage nitrogen enrichment can also be used to gradually remove oxygen and increase the nitrogen content; in the present invention, a device serving this purpose It is called a compact high-efficiency and low-energy-consumption nitrogen multi-stage enrichment system, and the nitrogen multi-stage enrichment system includes a plurality of the air magnetic separation devices, wherein the nitrogen-enriched air output channel of the pre-stage air magnetic separation device and the rear The fresh air input channel of the graded air magnetic separation device is connected. The more enriched stages, the higher the nitrogen content of the nitrogen-enriched air obtained; pure nitrogen can be obtained in this way.
  • each compressor can be operated independently or in a linked manner.
  • the container containing the three kinds of gas channels according to the present invention may be a special container specially manufactured, or a tent or a suitably separated building or the like.
  • the oxygen-containing source air in the present invention means a mixed gas containing an oxygen component, such as oxygen-containing normal fresh air that people come into contact with daily.
  • the function can be easily changed by changing the connection mode of the gas flow path, and it can be assembled into the oxygen multi-stage enrichment system or the nitrogen multi-stage enrichment system. system.
  • oxygen-enriched air and pure oxygen The wide use of oxygen-enriched air and pure oxygen is well known, because the present invention provides a simple structure, compact, low energy consumption, which can obtain oxygen-enriched air at a large flow rate and operate under conditions close to normal temperature and pressure.
  • the technology of pure oxygen will further expand the use of oxygen-enriched air and oxygen.
  • the air magnetic separation device can be used to provide buildings and hospitals, family rooms, and individuals with oxygen-enriched oxygen for health and medical purposes.
  • the air and oxygen supply device can be started at any time and can run for a long time with low energy consumption.
  • the air magnetic separation device and the oxygen multi-stage enrichment system can also be applied to oxygen plants and various occasions with large oxygen consumption, such as: smelting Plants, chemical plants and occasions involving combustion equipment, the air magnetic separation device combined with a ventilator or a thermal insulation ventilator can constitute an oxygen-enriched ventilator or an oxygen-enriched thermal ventilator; the air magnetic separation device Combined with an air conditioning unit, an oxygen-enriched air conditioner can be formed; the air magnetic separation device Combining with combustion equipment can constitute an oxygen-enriched burner; the combination of the air magnetic separation device and an engine can constitute an oxygen-enriched engine, such as various internal combustion engines that consume fuel and oxygen for cars and ships; in addition to the above examples In addition, the air magnetic separation device and the oxygen multi-stage enrichment system of the present invention can also have many other uses, for example, it can be used for the protection of breathing oxygen in high mountains or plateau areas; the air magnetic separation The nitrogen-enriched air or pure nitrogen output from the device or the gas-gas multi-stage enrichment system can also be used for nitrogen atmosphere fresh-keeping storage of food,
  • the foregoing object of the present invention can also be achieved by a compact and efficient low-energy-consumption oxygen-enriched heat preservation ventilator.
  • the oxygen-enriched heat preservation ventilator of the present invention is a technical combination of the air magnetic separation device or the oxygen multi-stage enrichment system and the heat preservation ventilator.
  • the oxygen-enriched thermal insulation ventilator includes the air magnetic separation device or the oxygen multi-stage enrichment system, and a gas heat exchanger, which is used between oxygen-enriched new air and dirty old air.
  • the gas heat exchanger includes a channel for conveying oxygen-enriched new air and a channel for conveying dirty old air, the air magnetic separation device or the oxygen-enriched air output channel of the oxygen multi-stage enrichment system. It communicates with the channel of the gas heat exchanger for conveying oxygen-enriched fresh air.
  • the oxygen-enriched thermal insulation ventilator may of course include a compressor for conveying oxygen-enriched air, and the installation position of the compressor may be any position on the oxygen-enriched fresh air delivery channel, and the compressor may be regarded as A part of the air magnetic separation device; of course, the oxygen-enriched thermal insulation ventilator may further include a compressor for conveying dirty old air, and the installation position of the compressor may be on the dirty old air conveying channel any position.
  • gas heat exchangers such as plate gas heat exchangers, heat pipe gas heat exchangers, total heat exchange gas heat exchangers, and finned or finned gas heat exchangers.
  • air separation technology of the present invention to obtain oxygen-enriched air and make the oxygen-enriched new air heat-replace and replace the dirty old air through a gas heat exchanger is beneficial to health care and energy conservation.
  • the oxygen-enriched thermal insulation ventilator is particularly suitable for applications such as buildings, hospitals, and family rooms equipped with air conditioners.
  • An oxygen-enriched ventilator without a gas heat exchanger is a simple combination of an air magnetic separation device and a simple ventilator, and it can be regarded as a simple application device form of the air magnetic separation device.
  • the invention also includes a compact, highly efficient and low energy consumption oxygen-enriched air conditioner, which contains the air magnetic separation device and an air-conditioning unit.
  • the air conditioning unit is a device for adjusting the temperature and humidity of the air.
  • the air conditioning unit contains a refrigeration system.
  • the air conditioning unit may further include a heater, such as an electric heater and a heat pump system.
  • a heater such as an electric heater and a heat pump system.
  • ordinary air conditioners do not allow a large flow of fresh air to replace the air in the air conditioning place during cooling or heating operation; some types of air conditioners do not even have fresh air channels at all; even if they contain The air conditioner of the fresh air channel can only introduce fresh air at a small flow rate. When the amount of fresh air is insufficient, the air quality in the air conditioning place is deteriorated.
  • air conditioners Although many types of air conditioners contain air filters, the device does not increase oxygen. Function; Other common air purification devices such as air ozone purifiers and negative ion generators have no oxygen-enhancing function. For air-conditioned places with personnel activities, devices without oxygen-enhancing function can only remove dust and sterilize, but cannot Change the downward trend of oxygen content in the air; The harm of insufficient oxygen content is well known.
  • the physical discomfort caused by living or moving in air-conditioned places for a long time is collectively called air-conditioning disease. The root cause is caused by the deterioration of air quality. There are factors such as high air dust content and bacteria content, however, more Factors to be, the oxygen content is low.
  • an air magnetic separation device or the oxygen multi-stage enrichment system or the oxygen-enriched ventilator or the oxygen-enriched thermal insulation ventilator and the air-conditioner can simultaneously and continuously input oxygen-enriched air to an air-conditioning place.
  • the oxygen-enriched air output from the air magnetic separation device or the oxygen multi-stage enrichment system is input to an air-conditioning place via a gas heat exchanger, the temperature and humidity of the air can be adjusted while achieving oxygen-enriched insulation and energy-saving replacement. Ambition.
  • the The condenser-ventilated ventilator of the refrigeration system can simultaneously ventilate the permanent magnet clusters in the air magnetic separation device.
  • the air-conditioning unit installed with the air magnetic separation device or the oxygen multi-stage enrichment system or the oxygen-enriched ventilator or the oxygen-enriched thermal insulation ventilator is a split type air-conditioning unit, it is used to transport oxygen-enriched air
  • the gas pipeline can be installed in parallel with the refrigerant circulation pipeline.
  • the air magnetic separation device, the oxygen-enriched thermal insulation ventilator, and the oxygen-enriched air conditioner according to the present invention may obviously also include a muffler, a flow meter, a flow regulator, and an oxygen content installed on the air flow channel.
  • the present invention includes an oxygen-enriched combustion system including a combustion system, the combustion system uses air containing oxygen as a source of oxidant, the combustion system includes an air input channel, and an oxygen-enriched air supply device.
  • the oxygen-enriched air supply device is the air magnetic separation device or the oxygen multi-stage enrichment system, and the oxygen-enriched air output channel of the oxygen-enriched air supply device is in communication with the air input channel of the combustion system.
  • the combustion system may be a simple heating combustion system, a thermal power conversion system that provides thermal energy by a combustion reaction, or a chemical industry oxidation reactor system.
  • the combustion system includes, for example, large, medium and small boilers, petroleum heating furnaces, metal heating furnaces, coke ovens, cement kilns, glass melting furnaces, refractory brick combustion furnaces, sintering furnaces, sulfuric acid production equipment, nitric acid production equipment, and household coal combustion, Oil and gas stoves.
  • the combustion system includes an engine system.
  • the engines include various types of engines for vehicles, ships, generators, and air-conditioning units.
  • the engine is, for example, a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, a gas engine, a hybrid fuel engine, or the like.
  • the air input channel of the engine may also include the air input channel of the engine exhaust manifold thermal reactor and the air input channel of the engine exhaust catalytic oxidation purification device.
  • the oxygen-enriched air is used as the oxidant source of the engine. Reducing harmful exhaust emissions is very beneficial, as well as increasing engine power and reducing engine volume.
  • the most common engine is a car engine. It is well known that there are hundreds of millions of vehicles of all types on the planet. The unburned exhaust gas emitted by automobile engines is an important factor causing environmental pollution. The incomplete combustion of fuel also causes unnecessary waste of energy; the use of the technology of the present invention is beneficial To solve the above problems.
  • the invention includes a magnetic separation and recirculation system for nitrogen oxide-containing combustion exhaust gas.
  • Nitrogen oxides released by combustion systems and engine systems during work have been the pollutants that people have tried to cure or eliminate.
  • the methods of lowering the combustion temperature, the two-stage combustion chamber design, adding water vapor to dilute the air, and catalytic reduction are mainly used. Although they have obtained certain effects, they are still not ideal.
  • Another way to reduce NOx emissions is to use part of the combustion exhaust gas for recycling, but in this method, only a part of the combustion exhaust gas can be used for recycling, and most of the rest is directly into the atmosphere. NOx Although emissions have been reduced, the reduction is still not large enough.
  • the present invention provides a new technique for solving the above problems. It is known that among gaseous elements or compounds, only oxygen and nitrogen oxides have the special property of being strongly attracted by a heterogeneous magnetic field. Among them, in particular, the oxygen molecule has the strongest response to magnetic field attraction. Inferior to oxygen molecules, this property is of great significance for solving the problem of nitrogen oxide pollution control in combustion exhaust gas.
  • the nitrogen oxide combustion exhaust gas magnetic separation and recirculation system of the present invention includes a nitrogen oxide combustion exhaust gas magnetic separation device.
  • the nitrogen oxide-containing combustion exhaust gas magnetic separation device is an air magnetic separation device or an oxygen multi-stage enrichment system after a function change, and an original fresh air input channel of the air magnetic separation device or the oxygen multi-stage enrichment system. Converted to a nitrogen oxide-containing combustion exhaust gas input channel, the original oxygen-enriched air output channel was converted to a nitrogen oxide-enriched exhaust gas output channel, the original nitrogen-rich air output channel was converted to a nitrogen oxide-free exhaust gas output channel, and System or engine system, said combustion system or engine system containing air And a nitrogen oxide-containing combustion exhaust gas output channel, the nitrogen oxide-containing combustion exhaust gas output channel of the combustion system or engine system is in communication with the nitrogen oxide-containing combustion exhaust gas input channel of the nitrogen oxide-containing combustion exhaust gas magnetic separation device
  • the nitrogen oxide-enriched exhaust gas output channel of the nitrogen oxide-containing combustion exhaust gas magnetic separation device communicates with a combustion chamber of the combustion system or the engine system via a flow control device.
  • the combustion system or engine system is a system employing two-stage combustion technology, that is, if the combustion chamber of the combustion system or engine system is divided into a fuel-rich combustion zone and an air-rich combustion zone, then it is best
  • the NOx-enriched exhaust gas output channel of the NOx-containing combustion exhaust gas magnetic separation device of the present invention communicates with a fuel-rich combustion zone of a combustion system or a combustion chamber of an engine system via a flow control device, and under high temperature conditions Nitrogen oxides can be reduced under the condition of rich fuel, which is a fact well known to experts.
  • the enriched nitrogen oxide exhaust gas is sent back to the fuel-rich combustion zone for high-temperature reduction to eliminate nitrogen oxides, and the cycle is repeated.
  • the combustion system or engine system may also be an oxygen-enriched combustion system or an oxygen-enriched engine system.
  • oxygen-enriched air As the source of oxidant, Less nitrogen in the gas is more conducive to inhibiting the formation of nitrogen oxides. It has been known that reducing the nitrogen content is very beneficial for reducing the rate of nitrogen oxide formation.
  • the high oxygen-containing condition in the oxygen-enriched air can be diluted or adjusted with the nitrogen oxide-enriched exhaust gas to adjust to a suitable oxygen-containing concentration.
  • the nitrogen oxide-containing combustion exhaust gas input channel of the device In order to prevent the performance of the permanent magnet cluster in the nitrogen-containing oxide combustion exhaust gas magnetic separation device from being deteriorated by high temperature impact, and other considerations, it is preferable to install the nitrogen oxide-containing combustion exhaust gas input channel of the device. Plate-fin gas heat exchanger or other high-speed cooling device for high-speed cooling.
  • the combination of the oxygen-enriched air supply technology of the present invention and the magnetic separation and recirculation technology of nitrogen oxide-containing combustion exhaust gas can approach the goal of zero pollution emissions.
  • the working principle of the device of the present invention and the technical characteristics of the device determine that the present invention has the following advantages: simple and compact structure, capable of supplying oxygen at a large flow rate, The energy consumption is particularly low, and it is operated at normal temperature or pressure, which is very close to normal temperature and normal pressure.
  • the various types of devices involved are safe to use, easy to operate, simple to maintain and maintain, and easy to combine.
  • the technology of the present invention is applied to the supply of oxygen-enriched air to buildings, hospitals, family rooms, aerobic individuals, as well as the driving or passenger compartments of cars, boats, and other places where people move, it is beneficial to improve air quality.
  • the preferred embodiment of the gas collecting channel stent of the present invention is a tubular gas collecting channel stent with holes in the tube wall.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the tubular gas collecting channel stent is not limited, and the holes in the tube wall Unlimited shape, unlimited hole size, unlimited number of holes.
  • the tubular gas collecting channel support may further include an object for preventing deformation, and the object for preventing deformation provided in the tube may be a rod, a plate or a tube having an arbitrary cross section.
  • the tubular gas collecting channel stent with holes in the tube wall will be referred to as a gas collecting tube for short. Brief description of drawings:
  • Figures la-lg are several examples of plate-like permanent magnets with holes that can be used as fins of a gas collector;
  • FIG. 2 is an embodiment of a permanent magnet finned tube-type air magnetic separation device
  • FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the working principle and working state of the permanent magnet finned tube-type air magnetic separation device shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional shape and working mode of an embodiment of an air magnetic separation device composed of a plurality of permanent magnet finned tubes as shown in FIG. 2 in a cluster or fence or layer arrangement;
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of an arrangement of the permanent magnet finned tube groups in the air magnetic separation device shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of an arrangement of the permanent magnet finned tube groups in the air magnetic separation device shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional shape and working mode of another embodiment of a fin-type air magnetic separation device
  • FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the cross-sectional shape, working principle, and working state of the fin-type air magnetic separation device shown in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional shape and working mode of an embodiment of a fin-type air magnetic separation device.
  • many flat gas collecting tubes are arranged in parallel layers;
  • FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the shape of the permanent magnet fins, the relative positions of adjacent fins, the working principle and the working mode in the fin-type air magnetic separation device shown in FIG. 8; FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the three-dimensional shape and working mode of another embodiment of a fin-type air magnetic separation device, and no accessories such as shields and seals are shown in FIG. 10; FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a permanent magnet fin shape, a relative position of an adjacent fin, a working principle and a working mode in the fin-type air magnetic separation device shown in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a permanent magnet fin shape, a relative position of an adjacent fin, a working principle and a working mode in the fin-type air magnetic separation device shown in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fin-tube type air magnetic separation device
  • 13a-13o are schematic cross-sectional shapes of other embodiments of the gas collecting channel support.
  • Fig. 15 is a partially enlarged shape of a longitudinal section of an embodiment of a permanent magnet finned tube using a magnetic field line beam focusing technology and its working mode schematic diagram. Description of the preferred embodiment
  • FIGs. 1a to 1g show several embodiments of plate-shaped permanent magnets containing holes that can be used as ribs of a gas collecting tube.
  • FIG. 2 is an embodiment of a permanent magnet finned tube-type air magnetic separation device.
  • Marker 1 is a plate-shaped permanent magnet having a single hole with a thickness variation as a fin.
  • Marker 2 is a shield.
  • 3 is a seal
  • mark 4 is a gas collecting tube
  • mark 5 is a long-shaped suction hole opened on the side wall of the gas collecting tube.
  • FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the working principle and working state of the permanent magnet finned tube-type air magnetic separation device shown in FIG. 2, and the meanings of the marks in the figure are the same as those in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional shape and working mode of an embodiment of an air magnetic separation device composed of a plurality of permanent magnet finned tubes as shown in FIG. 2 in a cluster or fence-like or layered arrangement, labeled 1 ,
  • Mark 6 is an example of a container containing three gas channels.
  • Mark 7 is an oxygen-enriched air output channel of container 6.
  • Mark 8 is a rich container of container 6.
  • the nitrogen air supply channel, the reference numeral 9 is an air filter installed on the oxygen source air input channel of the container 6.
  • FIG 5 is a perspective view showing an arrangement embodiment of an air separation apparatus shown in FIG magnetic force of the permanent magnet 4 finned tube group, a mark 1, 4, 6 the same meaning as in FIG. 4. The specific details of the container 6 are not shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional shape and working mode of another embodiment of a fin-type air magnetic separation device.
  • Mark 4 is a gas collecting tube
  • mark 10 is a plate-shaped permanent magnet having a plurality of holes and having a thickness variation as a fin. .
  • Figure ⁇ is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the cross-sectional shape, working principle, and working state of the fin-type air magnetic separation device shown in Figure 6.
  • Mark 2 is a shield, and the meanings of marks 4 and 10 are the same as those in Figure 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional shape and working mode of an embodiment of a fin-type air magnetic separation device.
  • Reference numeral 11 is an embodiment of a plate-shaped permanent magnet having a thickness variation as a fin
  • reference numeral 12 is a
  • the mark 13 is an embodiment of a seal
  • the mark 14 is an embodiment of a flat gas collecting tube with a rectangular cross section.
  • the manifolds are arranged in parallel layers.
  • FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the shape of the permanent magnet fins in the fin-type air magnetic separation device shown in FIG. 8, the relative positions of adjacent fins, the working principle, and the working mode. Has the same meaning.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional shape and working mode of another embodiment of a fin-type air magnetic separation device.
  • Reference numeral I 4 is a flat gas collecting tube
  • reference numeral 15 is an embodiment of a plate-shaped permanent magnet serving as a fin. The enclosures and seals and other accessories are not shown in FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the shape of the permanent magnet fins, the relative position of adjacent fins, the working principle and the working mode in the fin-type air magnetic separation device shown in FIG. The marks in the meaning are the same.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fin-tube type air magnetic separation device.
  • Reference numeral 14 is a flat gas collecting tube
  • reference numeral 16 is an embodiment of a plate-shaped permanent magnet having a thickness variation as a fin. 17 is a long shield.
  • 13a-13o are schematic cross-sectional shapes of other embodiments of the gas collecting channel support.
  • FIGS. 14a-d are schematic diagrams of longitudinal cross-sectional shapes of other embodiments of permanent magnet finned tubes.
  • Mark 4 is a gas collecting tube.
  • Marks 18 and 19 can be made of non-magnetic material shields or magnetically permeable magnetic concentrators.
  • Mark 20 is a magnetically permeable magnetic concentrator, and mark 21 is a permanent magnet rib.
  • FIG. 15 is a partial extension of a longitudinal section of an embodiment of a permanent magnet finned tube using a magnetic field line bunching technique
  • the air magnetic separation device can be combined in parallel or series as required. Through such a combination, the scale of the device can be adjusted.
  • the parallel or series combination is used, the same type of gas flow channels of adjacent air magnetic separation devices can be used. Shared, which is helpful to further reduce the space occupied by the gas flow channel; the device constructed after the above combination is still the air magnetic separation device of the present invention, because the necessary technical characteristics are the same, it is only in terms of the scale of the device Some differences.
  • box-shaped structure 10 in the drawings of the specification have a box-shaped structure in form, and such a box-shaped structure is particularly advantageous for the parallel,
  • the free combination of series is conducive to the adjustment and control of the size of the entire device according to the application requirements.
  • the combination of such box-shaped structures is also beneficial to disassembly, handling, and assembly.
  • the oxygen-containing source air can be allowed to flow at any angle and pass through the permanent magnet clusters, and the permanent magnet ribs or fins installed at the peripheral position of the gas collecting channel support can also be taken. Arbitrary installation angle.
  • the energy consumed by the oxygen-enriched air in order to obtain the energy consumed by the oxygen-enriched air, it is mainly used to re-extract the oxygen-enriched air absorbed by the magnetic field from the magnetic field; the other part of the energy consumption is used to drive Oxygen-containing air renews, flows, and sweeps through the permanent magnet clusters; overall, the energy consumed is small.
  • the permanent magnet finned tube group air magnetic separation shown in Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings of the description As an example, let the diameter of the peripheral edge of a plate-shaped permanent magnet containing a single hole as a fin be about 4 cm, and the diameter of the edge of the hole be about 1 to 2 cm. The distance is about 0.5 cm. Then, on a gas collecting tube with a working length of about 30 cm, about 60 pieces of the permanent magnet ribs can be arranged, and accordingly, about 60 the shielding objects are arranged alternately on the gas collecting tube. On the gas collecting pipe, an axial distance between adjacent gas collecting pipes is set to be about 5 cm.
  • each of the gas collecting tubes described in this example can provide about 60 ml to 600 ml of oxygen-enriched air per second. Then, the entire device described in this example with about 36 gas collecting tubes can provide per second.
  • the energy consumption of the entire device described in this example is estimated to be about 10 watts to 100 watts; in this example, a suitable average flow of oxygen-containing source air passing through a permanent magnet cluster The velocity is estimated to be about 5 cm to 50 cm per second.
  • the size of the air magnetic separation device used in practical applications can be designed according to actual needs.
  • a smaller device scale may be adopted accordingly.
  • a size of about 15 cm in length, a width of about 15 cm, and a height of about 15 cm may be adopted.
  • a box-shaped fin-tube unit of centimeters it can be inferred that such a device can provide about 8 to 80 liters of oxygen-enriched air per minute.
  • the energy consumption of this example device is estimated to be about 1 to 10 watts.
  • the small air magnetic separation device is suitable for domestic use, personal use, including use in the room, in the studio, in high-oxygen areas such as plateaus, high mountains, etc.
  • the small compressor attached to the device can be driven by civilian electricity, as well as It can be driven by battery power, it can also be driven by manual hand movement, and so on.
  • the miniature air magnetic separation device can be used as a portable health oxygen device.
  • the micro-air magnetic separation device for personal use can be as small as containing only one to three of the permanent magnet finned tubes or finned tubes, and in this case, the micro-compressor can be completely omitted, and only the power of the lungs can be expanded.
  • the permanent magnet finned tube or finned tube is preferably installed in a cage-shaped holding cover capable of natural ventilation.
  • the size of the device can be correspondingly larger.
  • the suitable size of the air magnetic separation device matching the air-conditioning unit is estimated to be the same as the air-conditioning unit in volume.
  • the size of the condenser of the refrigeration system is similar; the suitable size of the air magnetic separation device matching the heat preservation ventilator is estimated to be approximately the same as the size of the gas heat exchanger of the heat preservation ventilator.
  • the permanent magnet finned tubes shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 of the accompanying drawings of the specification can also form similar permanent magnet finned tube groups as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, and are magnetically separated in the air according to the present invention.
  • at least one permanent magnet finned tube can be used, and many are not limited.
  • the gas collecting pipes appearing in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 12, Fig. 14, and Fig. 15 of the drawings of the specification can all use other suitable sizes.
  • the gas collecting channel bracket is replaced, such as the gas collecting channel bracket shown in FIG. 13.
  • the permanent magnets in the shape of ribs or wings installed at the periphery of the air collecting channel support may be permanent magnets with uniform size and shape, or sizes, Permanent magnets of different shapes are mixed and arranged together; and the permanent magnets of different sizes and shapes that are mixed and arranged together may also be permanent magnets with different magnetization directions.
  • the permanent magnets having different inner diameters and outer diameters and adopting radial magnetization and axial magnetization, respectively may be mixedly or alternately arranged at together.
  • the magnetic flux concentrator may be installed in a slot-shaped slot position surrounded by a plurality of adjacent magnetic pole surfaces with the same magnetic polarity.
  • a radially magnetized ring-shaped permanent magnet fin may be further introduced, and the radial magnetized ring-shaped permanent magnet The outer edge surface of the magnet rib is adjacent to the inner edge surface of the magnetic concentrator, so that it can constitute an embodiment that the text of this paragraph intends to show.
  • the overall technical characteristics of the permanent magnet finned tube or finned tube according to the present invention are the same.

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  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une technique et ses applications visant à obtenir de l'oxygène et de l'azote à partir de l'air. L'objectif de l'invention consiste à obtenir de manière compacte de l'oxygène et de l'azote avec basse consommation d'énergie et haute efficacité. L'invention fait appel à des propriétés particulières des molécules d'oxygène dans un champ magnétique non uniforme, soumises à une puissante force d'attraction. Cette force augmente au fur et à mesure que le produit de la puissance du champ magnétique et du gradient du champ magnétique augmente. L'invention vise essentiellement à développer en grande mesure une interface efficace d'interaction entre la puissante force d'attraction du champ magnétique et l'air dans un espace limité. Les différentes applications de l'invention sont la constitution d'une machine à usage médical produisant de l'oxygène, d'un conditionneur d'air pour la production d'oxygène enrichi, d'un échangeur d'air avec conservation de la chaleur pour produire un oxygène enrichi, un système moteur à oxygène enrichi et un système de recyclage pour la séparation magnétique des gaz de combustion contenant des nitrures et des oxydes.
PCT/CN1998/000024 1997-02-20 1998-02-20 Appareil pour la separation magnetique compacte de l'air avec basse consommation d'energie et haute efficacite, ainsi que ses applications WO1998036843A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU60878/98A AU6087898A (en) 1997-02-20 1998-02-20 Apparatus for the compact magnetic separation of the air with the low energy consumption and high efficiency as well as its applications

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN97100910.4 1997-02-20
CN 97100910 CN1161249A (zh) 1997-02-20 1997-02-20 紧凑式高效低能耗空气磁力分离技术
CN 97118314 CN1179352A (zh) 1997-09-12 1997-09-12 紧凑式高效低能耗空气磁力分离技术(二)
CN97118314.7 1997-09-12

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WO1998036843A1 true WO1998036843A1 (fr) 1998-08-27

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CN109737666A (zh) * 2018-11-28 2019-05-10 青岛海尔股份有限公司 冷藏冷冻装置
CN110131718A (zh) * 2019-06-17 2019-08-16 云南简澜环保科技有限公司 微动力富氧装置
CN111320147A (zh) * 2020-03-19 2020-06-23 杭州天利空分设备制造有限公司 一种提高变压吸附制氮效率的方法
CN113277477A (zh) * 2021-05-20 2021-08-20 北京冶联科技有限公司 一种便携永磁体单元氧气富集器

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109737666A (zh) * 2018-11-28 2019-05-10 青岛海尔股份有限公司 冷藏冷冻装置
CN110131718A (zh) * 2019-06-17 2019-08-16 云南简澜环保科技有限公司 微动力富氧装置
CN110131718B (zh) * 2019-06-17 2024-03-19 云南简澜环保科技有限公司 微动力富氧装置
CN111320147A (zh) * 2020-03-19 2020-06-23 杭州天利空分设备制造有限公司 一种提高变压吸附制氮效率的方法
CN111320147B (zh) * 2020-03-19 2023-04-11 杭州天利空分设备制造有限公司 一种提高变压吸附制氮效率的方法
CN113277477A (zh) * 2021-05-20 2021-08-20 北京冶联科技有限公司 一种便携永磁体单元氧气富集器
CN113277477B (zh) * 2021-05-20 2023-01-10 北京冶联科技有限公司 一种便携永磁体单元氧气富集器

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