WO1998034807A1 - Systeme de tableau de commande tactile - Google Patents

Systeme de tableau de commande tactile Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998034807A1
WO1998034807A1 PCT/SE1998/000209 SE9800209W WO9834807A1 WO 1998034807 A1 WO1998034807 A1 WO 1998034807A1 SE 9800209 W SE9800209 W SE 9800209W WO 9834807 A1 WO9834807 A1 WO 9834807A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
engine cooling
cooling fluid
absorption unit
passenger compartment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1998/000209
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Matt Miskimin
Bo Edberg
Original Assignee
Hexair Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hexair Ab filed Critical Hexair Ab
Priority to AU60104/98A priority Critical patent/AU6010498A/en
Priority to DE19882070T priority patent/DE19882070T1/de
Priority to PL98335022A priority patent/PL335022A1/xx
Publication of WO1998034807A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998034807A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00371—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles carrying large numbers of passengers, e.g. buses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3201—Cooling devices using absorption or adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3201—Cooling devices using absorption or adsorption
    • B60H1/32011—Cooling devices using absorption or adsorption using absorption, e.g. using Li-Br and water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine

Definitions

  • TITLE Thermal system for a vehicle
  • the present invention relates to a thermal system for a vehicle, particularly a bus, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a method for providing climatic conditions in a passenger compartment of a vehicle, preferably a bus, according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • the climate in the passenger compartment of a bus is typically provided by utilizing separate devices for cooling and heating, with both devices drawing power from the vehicle's engine to perform their respective functions.
  • heating circuit in use today is based on radiators or convectors mounted at the base of the passenger compartment walls and being connected by a network of copper piping to the engine cooling system.
  • a circuit is often equipped with one or more circulation pumps and a series of valves. It is common practice to divide the heating circuit into two or three parts; a passenger circuit, a driver circuit and a defroster circuit. Due to more efficient engine technology, the heat energy available in the engine cooling system is often insufficient to meet the passenger compartment heating requirements. For this reason, certain systems are provided with for example diesel-fired auxiliary heaters to provide more energy to the fluid in the cooling system.
  • the above-mentioned type of heating circuit is associated with several drawbacks.
  • water-based circuits are prone to leakage and the requisite pipework requires relatively long and therefore expensive installation processes and is relatively heavy.
  • auxiliary heaters not only consume fuel, they are also heavy and cumbersome.
  • the response time of water-based circuits is slow. This is a particular disadvantage in busses due to the fact that large and rapid changes in the temperature of the air in the passenger compartment often occur when the doors to the compartment are opened to allow the embarkation and disembarkation of passengers.
  • Cooling of the passenger compartment is generally achieved using an air-conditioning system.
  • air-conditioning systems are typically standard format machines with compressors, evaporators and radiator packs based on CFC/HCFC "Freon" type or R134 type coolants.
  • C0 2 or other media are used to reduce possible environmental and safety risks in handling and maintenance procedures.
  • the available power of the reheat heat exchanger varies commercially, but can easily be in the range of 30 to 40 kW.
  • the reheat heat exchanger is also dependent upon energy supplied by the engine cooling circuit.
  • the power of the cooling condenser/heat exchanger also varies, though it is dependent upon the power of its compressor. As described, for example, in US-A-4 888 959, the compressor is commonly driven by the vehicle's engine, something which reduces power to the drive train and increases fuel consumption.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a thermal system according to the present invention.
  • reference numeral 10 generally denotes a thermal system incorporated in a vehicle 12.
  • the bus 12 is provided with a passenger compartment 14 and an internal-combustion engine 16, typically a diesel engine.
  • the engine is cooled by an engine cooling fluid, for example water containing an antifreeze agent, flowing through a closed engine cooling circuit 18.
  • the thermal system 10 includes a refrigerating absorption unit 20 having a generator 22.
  • the unit further comprises an evaporator 24, an absorber 26 and a condenser 28.
  • the refrigerating absorption unit serves to cool air which is to be admitted into the passenger compartment 14.
  • the closed engine cooling circuit 18 is selectively connected to the generator 22 of the refrigerating absorption unit by first valve means 30.
  • the first valve means 30 may be controlled to either allow the engine cooling fluid to bypass the generator 22 via a bypass conduit 32 or allow a variable amount of the engine cooling fluid to flow through the generator.
  • the first valve means 30 When the first valve means 30 is in a position which allows engine cooling fluid to flow through the generator 22, the refrigerating absorption unit 20 will be supplied with heat energy from the engine cooling fluid.
  • the closed engine cooling circuit 18 Downstream of the refrigerating absorption unit 20, the closed engine cooling circuit 18 is selectively connected to a vehicle heating unit 34 by second valve means 36.
  • a first heat exchanger 38 is provided in the closed engine cooling circuit downstream of the heating unit 34 to dissipate any excess energy in the engine cooling fluid before the fluid is returned to the internal-combustion engine 16.
  • the vehicle heating unit 34 advantageously comprises a second heat exchanger 40 for heating air for distribution in the passenger compartment 14.
  • a typical bus has a heating demand of 30-35 kW to maintain suitable climate conditions on board, depending on ambient conditions, required fresh air flows and the physical characteristics of the bus.
  • Modern diesel engines used in trucks and busses have a heat energy output via the engine cooling fluid of only 15-20 kW.
  • the thermal system of the present invention is provided with means 42 for adding energy to the engine cooling fluid during its passage from the engine 16 to the refrigerating absorption unit 20.
  • the means 42 is an exhaust gas heat recovery unit.
  • An eminently suitable unit is the subject of Swedish patent application no. 9603740-3, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • Such an exhaust gas heat recovery unit 42 can be dimensioned to provide anywhere from 15 to 45 kW without great difficulty.
  • the engine cooling fluid flows from the engine 16 to the exhaust gas heat recovery unit 42. Thereafter, the cooling fluid flows to the second heat exchanger 40 in the vehicle heating unit 34 to heat incoming air. Once the engine cooling fluid has passed through the vehicle heating unit, any excess energy in the fluid is removed by passage through the first heat exchanger 38 before being returned to the engine 16.
  • the heat energy in the engine cooling fluid can be used to power cooling means which are used to cool air for distribution in the passenger compartment.
  • the energy made available in the generator 22 of the refrigerating absorption unit 20 is utilized for this purpose.
  • the cooling capacity needed for a bus installation is typically about 25 kW with a cooling medium temperature of about 10 degrees C.
  • the refrigerating absorption unit 22 has a coefficient of performance of about 0.6, the 40 kw of energy supplied by the engine coolant fluid to the generator 24 is sufficient to meet the cooling capacity needs.
  • the evaporator 24 of the refrigerating absorption unit is connected in a passenger compartment cooling circuit 44 which includes a third heat exchanger 46 for cooling air for distribution in the passenger compartment.
  • the working fluid in the passenger compartment cooling circuit can for example be brine.
  • the absorber 26 and the condenser 28 of the refrigerating absorption unit 20 are incorporated in an absorber/condenser cooling circuit 48 having a fourth heat exchanger 50.
  • the refrigerant medium can suitably be a mixture of LiBr and water, NH 3 and water or any other sufficient and environmentally neutral medium. Given that 40 kW are used to drive the generator 22 and that the refrigerating absorption unit 20 achieves a cooling power of about 25 kW, the absorber/condenser cooling circuit 48 should be dimensioned to meet cooling demands of about 65 kW.
  • the third heat exchanger 46 is located in an air intake duct 52 upstream of the second heat exchanger 40 of the heating unit 34.
  • Inflow of air exterior of the bus along the air intake duct is regulated by a first airflow control valve 54 positioned in the duct 52 in the vicinity of an air intake 56.
  • Air may be drawn along the air intake duct by means of a fan 58 within the duct.
  • Air within the passenger compartment 14 may be recirculated by means of a branch duct 60 extending from the passenger compartment and linking up to the air intake duct 52.
  • the branch duct 60 may be provided with a flow control valve 62.
  • the refrigerating absorption unit 20 can be used for drying air which is subsequently reheated by the second heat exchanger 40.
  • This arrangement is particularly advantageous for removing any excess humidity from the passenger compartment caused by introduction of wet passenger clothing, etc.
  • the air intake duct 52 communicates with an air distribution duct network 64 within the passenger compartment 14.
  • the network 64 preferably includes overhead ducts as well as floor-level ducts, in order to ensure adequate demisting of the vehicle windscreen, the air distribution duct network 64 should preferably include a number of nozzles 66 to distribute air across the inside of the windscreen. In a similar manner, nozzles may be arranged to create air curtains at door openings.
  • the components of the thermal system according to the present invention may be housed on or in the vehicle in a number of advantageous ways.
  • the second heat exchanger 40 and the third heat exchanger 46 are also mounted on the roof.
  • a roof-mounted unit may be provided which comprises the heat exchangers 46, 40 for cooling and heating the incoming air flowing along the air intake duct 52, the heat exchangers 38, 50 for removing excess heat from the engine cooling fluid and the absorber/condenser cooling circuit 48, as well as the fan 58 and the flow control valve 54 associated with the air intake duct 52.
  • Control of the thermal system 10 is suitably performed via a central control unit 70.
  • a central control unit 70 for example, the present invention is not restricted to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawing, but may be varied within the scope of the appended claims.
  • the first heat exchanger 38 must be capable of dissipating the combined heat energy produced in the engine cooling circuit 18.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de tableau de commande qui possède un tableau de commande (5) comportant un panneau avant destiné à fournir une image statique à un utilisateur (4). Le tableau possède également plusieurs dispositifs d'entrée manuels (20) et plusieurs dispositifs de sortie visuels (21). Une première feuille transparente (22) est disposée sur le panneau avant du tableau (5), au moins une partie de la première feuille possédant une zone tactile (24). Une deuxième feuille non transparente (24), disposée à côté de la première feuille transparente, est conçue pour produire l'image statique. Un contrôleur (3), connecté de manière fonctionnelle à la zone tactile (24), est capable de détecter le lieu de l'interaction à l'intérieur de la zone tactile lorsque l'utilisateur la touche directement ou indirectement. Le contrôleur possède également un dispositif programmable qui sert à distinguer entre les sous-zones logiquement active (20) et logiquement inactive de la zone tactile, et ce notamment de manière à permettre au contrôleur d'émettre un signal de sortie dont la valeur dépend du fait si le lieu de l'interaction touché par l'utilisateur se trouve à l'intérieur de la sous-zone logiquement active ou de celle logiquement inactive.
PCT/SE1998/000209 1997-02-06 1998-02-06 Systeme de tableau de commande tactile WO1998034807A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU60104/98A AU6010498A (en) 1997-02-06 1998-02-06 Thermal system for a vehicle
DE19882070T DE19882070T1 (de) 1997-02-06 1998-02-06 Klimaanlage für ein Fahrzeug
PL98335022A PL335022A1 (en) 1997-02-06 1998-02-06 Heating system for automotive vehicles

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9700403-0 1997-02-06
SE9700403A SE508905C2 (sv) 1997-02-06 1997-02-06 Termiskt system för ett fordon

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998034807A1 true WO1998034807A1 (fr) 1998-08-13

Family

ID=20405686

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1998/000209 WO1998034807A1 (fr) 1997-02-06 1998-02-06 Systeme de tableau de commande tactile

Country Status (5)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6010498A (fr)
DE (1) DE19882070T1 (fr)
PL (1) PL335022A1 (fr)
SE (1) SE508905C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998034807A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1331113A1 (fr) * 2002-01-26 2003-07-30 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Système de réfrigération et/ou de chauffage d'un espace, avec cycle de réfrigération par adsorption
EP1361348A1 (fr) * 2002-05-10 2003-11-12 S.F.T. Services Sa Dispositif de refroidissement et de dépollution d'un véhicule à moteur
WO2004092662A1 (fr) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Systeme de recuperation d'energie
EP2147812A1 (fr) * 2008-07-24 2010-01-27 Iveco France S.A. Dispositif de climatisation pour véhicule de transport et véhicule de transport correspondant
WO2014016413A1 (fr) * 2012-07-26 2014-01-30 Bacqueyrisses - Societe Automobiles Système de climatisation de véhicule de transport de personnes
FR3069050A1 (fr) * 2017-07-12 2019-01-18 Psa Automobiles Sa Installation de climatisation par absorption, a solution absorbante alimentant le condenseur et le desorbeur

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4538424A (en) * 1984-02-15 1985-09-03 Gordon G. Waltenspiel Air cooling unit for vehicle
EP0350764A1 (fr) * 1988-07-12 1990-01-17 Pierangelo Spiller Système de réfrigération pour la climatisation de véhicules automobiles
DE4142314A1 (de) * 1991-12-20 1993-09-02 Ingbuero Fuer Versorgungstechn Luftkuehlanlage fuer kraftfahrzeuge

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4538424A (en) * 1984-02-15 1985-09-03 Gordon G. Waltenspiel Air cooling unit for vehicle
EP0350764A1 (fr) * 1988-07-12 1990-01-17 Pierangelo Spiller Système de réfrigération pour la climatisation de véhicules automobiles
DE4142314A1 (de) * 1991-12-20 1993-09-02 Ingbuero Fuer Versorgungstechn Luftkuehlanlage fuer kraftfahrzeuge

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1331113A1 (fr) * 2002-01-26 2003-07-30 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Système de réfrigération et/ou de chauffage d'un espace, avec cycle de réfrigération par adsorption
EP1361348A1 (fr) * 2002-05-10 2003-11-12 S.F.T. Services Sa Dispositif de refroidissement et de dépollution d'un véhicule à moteur
WO2003095809A1 (fr) * 2002-05-10 2003-11-20 S.F.T. Services Sa Dispositif de refroidissement et de depollution d'un vehicule a moteur
CN100335759C (zh) * 2002-05-10 2007-09-05 埃科利姆股份有限公司 汽车冷却及清洁装置
WO2004092662A1 (fr) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Systeme de recuperation d'energie
US7629530B2 (en) 2003-04-17 2009-12-08 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Energy recovery system
EP2147812A1 (fr) * 2008-07-24 2010-01-27 Iveco France S.A. Dispositif de climatisation pour véhicule de transport et véhicule de transport correspondant
WO2014016413A1 (fr) * 2012-07-26 2014-01-30 Bacqueyrisses - Societe Automobiles Système de climatisation de véhicule de transport de personnes
FR2993825A1 (fr) * 2012-07-26 2014-01-31 Bacqueyrisses Soc Automobiles Systeme de climatisation de vehicule de transport de personnes
FR3069050A1 (fr) * 2017-07-12 2019-01-18 Psa Automobiles Sa Installation de climatisation par absorption, a solution absorbante alimentant le condenseur et le desorbeur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19882070T1 (de) 2000-01-13
SE508905C2 (sv) 1998-11-16
AU6010498A (en) 1998-08-26
SE9700403L (sv) 1998-08-07
PL335022A1 (en) 2000-03-27
SE9700403D0 (sv) 1997-02-06

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