WO1998031968A1 - Bruleur pour combustible solide et procede de reglage de l'amenee d'air dans un bruleur - Google Patents

Bruleur pour combustible solide et procede de reglage de l'amenee d'air dans un bruleur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998031968A1
WO1998031968A1 PCT/SE1998/000087 SE9800087W WO9831968A1 WO 1998031968 A1 WO1998031968 A1 WO 1998031968A1 SE 9800087 W SE9800087 W SE 9800087W WO 9831968 A1 WO9831968 A1 WO 9831968A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
burner
tube
secondary air
combustion
primary
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1998/000087
Other languages
English (en)
Swedish (sv)
Inventor
Jan Ericson
Original Assignee
J-Tec
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J-Tec filed Critical J-Tec
Publication of WO1998031968A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998031968A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/30—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber
    • F23B1/38—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber for combustion of peat, sawdust, or pulverulent fuel on a grate or other fuel support
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B3/00—Combustion apparatus which is portable or removable with respect to the boiler or other apparatus which is heated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B40/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber
    • F23B40/06—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber the fuel being fed along the fuel-supporting surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/26—Biowaste
    • F23G2209/261—Woodwaste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/16—Measuring temperature burner temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/16—Controlling secondary air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2239/00—Fuels
    • F23N2239/02—Solid fuels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to burners or burner heads for solid fuels, such as pellets, wood chips, etc., and more specifically to a method and a burner for controlling the supply of air necessary for the combustion, and of the kind indicated in the preamble of patent claims 1 and 4 respectively.
  • Burners of the above indicated, general kind have lately attracted more and more attention since they have been improved in many respects and have been adapted so as to be used instead of oil burners in existing boiler designs as well as in specifically developed heating boilers.
  • the burning of solid fuels is an ancient technique there are, however, still several shortcomings in the technique that has been developed, much so due to the fact that primarily pellets and shavings, but also wood chips are refined solid fuels that require specific conditions for enabling the achievement of optimized combustion, but also due to the ever increasing environmental concern that sets the condition that the combustion must be optimized with regard to the amount of pollutants influencing the environment by the combustion.
  • the present technique is inferior in one important respect, namely the control of the air supply which is so essential for providing optimized combustion.
  • the control of the air supply is mainly utilized in order to control the effect of the burner in combination with the supplied quantity of fuel.
  • the basic object of the present invention is therefore to improve the known technique by providing a method and a burner of the kind indicated in the introduction, by means of which conditions are provided for an optimized combustion by removing the above discussed shortcomings.
  • this object is now achieved by maintaining the flame temperature within the desired interval in connection with a burner for solid fuels, and more specifically by providing a very quick and exact control of the supply of air necessary for the combustion.
  • the flame temperature is detected continuously and that the supply of primary and secondary air is controlled proportionally in direct dependence upon the detected temperature.
  • the burner 1 basically consists of an inner burner tube 2 with a rotatably journalled screw conveyor 3 therein, for controlled supply of fuel B from a generally funnel- shaped storage 2b, being connected to the inner tube 2, and to a combustion chamber 2a having an ignition zone in the forward region of the inner tube 2.
  • the fiinnel-shaped storage 2b is in this connection only illustrated in order to indicate a fuel supply and it should be emphasized that the feed or supply of fuel may in practice be designed in many alternative ways, and preferably as a closed feed from a larger store or supply, thereby eliminating the danger of self-ignition. It should likewise be obvious that the feed of the screw 3 is controlled in a manner known in itself within this technique and not specifically described herein, in order to control the effect or power of the burner in dependence on the existing energy requirement.
  • the inner burner tube 2 is further provided with at least one primary air opening 10 for the supply of air to the fuel bed 5, i.e. the glow bed, supplied by the screw 3 and ignitable by means of ignition means, in the illustrated embodiment heating-wires, in the combustion chamber 2a.
  • openings 11, known per se are furthermore provided for so called blast air (injection).
  • An outer burner tube 5 surrounds the inner burner tube 2 at a distance therefrom, whereby a secondary air duct 6 is formed between the inner and outer tubes.
  • the inner and outer tubes 2 and 5 respectively are thereby preferably circular in cross-section, such that it should be possible in principle, with proper dimensioning, to fit the burner 1 instead of an oil burner in an existing heating boiler 15 as indicated in the drawing figure.
  • the burner 1 could, within the scope of the invention, also be designed having other cross- sectional shapes.
  • the secondary air duct 6 opens into an annular secondary air opening 8 formed between a tapered outer end portion 4 of the inner tube 2 and a likewise tapered portion 7 of the outer tube 5.
  • the cone angle of the tapered portions 4 and 7 respectively is thereby substantially identical, for reasons that will be made clear below.
  • Turbulence generating members 20 which are only indicated on the drawing figure and which may for instance be in the shape of a thread, are preferably provided at the outer side of the tapered portion 4 of the inner tube 2 as well as at the inner side of the tapered portion 7 of the outer tube 5, and preferably also at the inner side of an end portion 5 a of the outer tube, said end portion protruding past the outer free end of the inner tube.
  • Such turbulence generating members serve the purpose of producing a very intense mixing of the secondary air and the gases formed when the fuel 5 is gasified, in order to thereby obtain a very efficient combustion in the flame.
  • Similar turbulence generating members 20a may also, in certain cases, be provided in the secondary air duct 6 in order to further intensify the turbulence.
  • Primary air as well as secondary air is supplied by a schematically indicated fan 18, the outlet of which is connected to an inlet tube 9 in the outer burner tube 5.
  • the inlet tube 9 is in turn connected to the area of the space formed between the inner and outer burner tubes, which is illustrated to the right in the drawing figure, and does therefore supply primary as well as secondary air to the burner 1.
  • burners for larger heating boilers it may also be suitable to provide separate fans for the primary and secondary air.
  • the inner 2 and outer 5 burner tubes are provided displaceable relative to each other for obtaining the very fast and exact controlling of the supply of air necessary for the combustion, which is the object of the invention. More specifically, the relative displacement provides for a simultaneous and proportionate variation of the flow area of the secondary air opening 8 and of the at least one primary air opening 10. It is obvious that the size of the secondary air opening 8 is adjusted by the mutual displacement of the tapered portions 4 and 7.
  • the size of the primary air opening 10 is on the other hand adjusted through a screening member 12 which is attached to the inner wall of the outer tube 5 and which, through the relative displacement of the tubes 2, 5 changes the size of the primary air opening 10 by screening or covering said opening to a varying extent.
  • the relative displacement is preferably performed in the manner that is clear from the illustrated embodiment, i.e. with the outer burner tube 5 firmly connected to the heating boiler 15 indicated in the drawing figure and by displaceably supporting the inner burner tube 2 in the outer burner tube 5 by means of suitable bearings and seals, one is indicated in the drawing figure and is identified by the reference number 13.
  • the inner tube 2 firmly connected to the heating boiler 5 and to support the outer tube 5 so that it is displaceable thereon, although such a design would cause certain problems and would make the design more complex.
  • a presently preferred solution for the drive is to utilize a proportional control magnet (solenoid) 16 - illustrated in principle in the drawing figure - of the kind employed for displacing valve members in a hydraulic valve, which through a symbolically drawn wire 22 and from a control unit 23, which is not specifically illustrated but which is designed in accordance with known control technique, receives an energizing signal from a temperature sensor 17 provided in the combustion chamber 15a of the heating boiler 15 for continuous detection of the temperature of the flame which is not illustrated.
  • a proportional control magnet (solenoid) 16 - illustrated in principle in the drawing figure - of the kind employed for displacing valve members in a hydraulic valve which through a symbolically drawn wire 22 and from a control unit 23, which is not specifically illustrated but which is designed in accordance with known control technique, receives an energizing signal from a temperature sensor 17 provided in the combustion chamber 15a of the heating boiler 15 for continuous detection of the temperature of the flame which is not illustrated.
  • the burner suggested in accordance with the invention is employed in the following manner.
  • a start sequence a specified amount of fuel is fed to the combustion chamber and is ignited by means of the ignition means 14, and during this ignition phase the fan 18 is operated, likewise by the control system 23 and through a symbolically illustrated connection 24, at a low power level with the inner burner tube 2 simultaneously being displaced as far as possible to the left in the drawing figure, such that the secondary air outlet 8 is practically closed, while the primary air opening 10 is partially covered or screened.
  • Fixed time control according to a fixed program is preferably employed to control the ignition sequence through the control system 23.
  • the fan 18 When the start sequence has been performed the fan 18 is switched to a higher power level corresponding to the fuel feed determined through the control system depending upon the existing energy requirement, i.e. in a burner 1 utilized in a heating boiler 15 for heating a building, the energy requirement is determined by the temperature control system of the building and the power output from the burner 1 is controlled depending thereupon.
  • the burner effect is thereby controlled by controlling the quantity of fed fuel and the quantity of fed air.
  • the invention takes effect for securing the above discussed optimized combustion through extremely fast and exact control of the primary and secondary air, independent of the chosen power level of the fan 18 and the chosen fuel feed, but directly depending upon the continuously detected temperature of the flame.
  • the inner burner tube 2 will therefore, by the drive member 16 and controlled through the control unit 23, be displaced in the direction corresponding to the limit of the temperature area which has been exceeded and underpassed respectively and with a distance corresponding to the size of the detected deviation.
  • the restriction and increase respectively of the primary air opening 10 and the secondary air outlet 8 which is achieved through the displacement of the inner burner tube 2 by a certain distance, and the distance with which the inner burner tube is displaced corresponding to a certain temperature deviation should in this connection naturally be "tuned" to each other.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de régler l'amenée d'air nécessaire à la combustion dans un brûleur (1) pour combustible solide comme des pastilles ou des copeaux de bois. Selon ce procédé, l'air primaire est introduit dans un tube mélangeur interne (2) par des orifices (10, 11) pratiqués dans la paroi de ce tube. Ce tube mélangeur constitue une chambre de combustion (2a) pour la gazéification du combustible. Quant à l'air secondaire destiné à la combustion des gaz produits, il est amené par un espace (5a) délimité par le tube mélangeur interne et un tube mélangeur externe (5) et par un passage d'air secondaire (8) formé au niveau des extrémités libres des tubes mélangeurs interne et externe. La température de combustion des gaz produits est détectée en continu et l'amenée d'air primaire et secondaire est réglée proportionnellement et directement en fonction de la température détectée.
PCT/SE1998/000087 1997-01-21 1998-01-21 Bruleur pour combustible solide et procede de reglage de l'amenee d'air dans un bruleur WO1998031968A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9700166A SE508546C2 (sv) 1997-01-21 1997-01-21 Brännare för fasta bränslen samt sätt att reglera tillförseln av förbränningsluft till en brännare
SE9700166-3 1997-01-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998031968A1 true WO1998031968A1 (fr) 1998-07-23

Family

ID=20405480

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1998/000087 WO1998031968A1 (fr) 1997-01-21 1998-01-21 Bruleur pour combustible solide et procede de reglage de l'amenee d'air dans un bruleur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
SE (1) SE508546C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998031968A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2891894A3 (fr) * 2005-10-06 2007-04-13 Georges Carret Dispositif d'ali/mentation en energie thermique d'une chaudiere tubulaire
WO2007139475A1 (fr) * 2006-05-30 2007-12-06 Aktiebolaget Swebo Flis O Energi Brûleur de pastilles
WO2010110634A2 (fr) * 2009-03-27 2010-09-30 Muiznieks Aigars Dispositif et procédé pour brûler du combustible solide
EP2775201A3 (fr) * 2013-03-08 2015-01-21 Thomas Blank Appareil de chauffage, insert de stockage pour un appareil de chauffage et procédé de fonctionnement d'un appareil de chauffage
WO2016056930A3 (fr) * 2014-10-08 2016-07-07 Pellasx Spółka Z O.O. Spółka Komandytowa Unité d'alimentation en air de la chambre de combustion d'un brûleur à granulés
US10859259B2 (en) 2018-10-17 2020-12-08 Logan Outdoor Products, Llc Burner housing for a pellet grill

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2571474A1 (fr) * 1984-10-04 1986-04-11 Dupuis Jacques Bruleur a combustible solide pour chaudiere
WO1986007126A1 (fr) * 1985-05-28 1986-12-04 Pedersen, Johannes Tete de bruleur pour la combustion de combustibles solides
CH673699A5 (en) * 1986-09-12 1990-03-30 Tiba Kochherd & App Ag Combustion air regulation system for solid fuel boiler - with separate regulation of total quantity of air and primary secondary air ratio

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2571474A1 (fr) * 1984-10-04 1986-04-11 Dupuis Jacques Bruleur a combustible solide pour chaudiere
WO1986007126A1 (fr) * 1985-05-28 1986-12-04 Pedersen, Johannes Tete de bruleur pour la combustion de combustibles solides
CH673699A5 (en) * 1986-09-12 1990-03-30 Tiba Kochherd & App Ag Combustion air regulation system for solid fuel boiler - with separate regulation of total quantity of air and primary secondary air ratio

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2891894A3 (fr) * 2005-10-06 2007-04-13 Georges Carret Dispositif d'ali/mentation en energie thermique d'une chaudiere tubulaire
WO2007139475A1 (fr) * 2006-05-30 2007-12-06 Aktiebolaget Swebo Flis O Energi Brûleur de pastilles
WO2010110634A2 (fr) * 2009-03-27 2010-09-30 Muiznieks Aigars Dispositif et procédé pour brûler du combustible solide
WO2010110634A3 (fr) * 2009-03-27 2010-11-18 Muiznieks Aigars Dispositif et procédé pour brûler du combustible solide
EP2775201A3 (fr) * 2013-03-08 2015-01-21 Thomas Blank Appareil de chauffage, insert de stockage pour un appareil de chauffage et procédé de fonctionnement d'un appareil de chauffage
EP2949992A1 (fr) * 2013-03-08 2015-12-02 Thomas Blank Appareil de chauffage
WO2016056930A3 (fr) * 2014-10-08 2016-07-07 Pellasx Spółka Z O.O. Spółka Komandytowa Unité d'alimentation en air de la chambre de combustion d'un brûleur à granulés
US10859259B2 (en) 2018-10-17 2020-12-08 Logan Outdoor Products, Llc Burner housing for a pellet grill

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9700166L (sv) 1998-07-22
SE508546C2 (sv) 1998-10-12
SE9700166D0 (sv) 1997-01-21

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