WO1998030770A1

WO1998030770A1 - Securing device

Info

Publication number: WO1998030770A1
Application number: PCT/DE1998/000042
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ekkehard Hoffmann; Paul Vierheller
Original assignee: Sks-Stakusit Kunststoff Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 1997-01-10
Filing date: 1998-01-08
Publication date: 1998-07-16
Also published as: EP0953091A1; AU5981298A

Abstract

The present invention pertains to a device for securing objects such as balustrade piers to plates, especially balcony plates (13), comprising a holding device (1) in case at least two bolts are needed which can be anchored in the plate (13), on its upper (15) and lower portion (14), as well as adjusting elements (2, 2'; 7, 7'), mounted between the holding element (1) and the plate (13, with such an orientation and a positioning in relation to the holding device (1) that the latter can be adjusted in an autonomous way perpendicular to each other relative to the plate surface (14) to which it is secured by means of bolts. To develop a device for securing objects to plates, especially balustrade piers (14), in such a way that the securing means can be oriented in an autonomous way in two directions perpendicular to each other, that their appearance does not differ from that of normal non adjustable securing means, that they are not two costly and still ensure a safe fastening, whatever the orientation given within prescribed limits, without the individual parts of said device being submitted to excessive tension, it is suggested by the invention that the adjusting elements (2, 2'; 7, 7') consist of two substantially wedge-shaped elements (2, 2'), one face of which is substantially flat and designed to be adjusted to a face (14, 15) of the plate (13), and the other face (4) corresponds approximately to an area of the cylinder jacket surface, while the imaginary axis of the cylinder surface extends parallel to the gradient of the wedge-shaped faces (3, 4) and the holding element (1) present appropriate bearing surfaces which are substantially cylindrical and orientated along its longitudinal axis to enable assembly of the cylindrical wedge-shaped faces (4), while the wedges can move along said bearing surfaces.

Description

Fastening device

The present invention relates to a fastening device for fastening objects, such as railing posts, to panels, in particular to balcony panels, with a mounting element which is designed for fastening by means of at least two bolts which can be anchored in the panel to the top or bottom of a panel, and with alignment elements which can be mounted between the mounting element and the plate in an adjustable orientation and positioning relative to the mounting element such that the mounting element can be aligned in at least one direction, preferably independently in two mutually perpendicular directions, relative to the plate surface on which it is located is fastened by means of the bolts.

A corresponding alignment function is required above all for those panels and in particular for balcony panels whose fastening surface is not horizontal. For example, balcony slabs are often optimized in terms of their weight, their load-bearing capacity and the material required for their production by tapering towards their front edge. The part of the balcony slab near the house wall is accordingly thicker than the projecting free end section of the balcony slab. Accordingly, either the top of the balcony slab slopes away from the house wall, or, more commonly, the lower surface of the balcony slab starts to rise slightly from the house wall.

There can also be both cases at the same time and there can also be the situation that the plate has a constant thickness, but is bent slightly downwards with its free end. The attachment of prefabricated Geländerpfosteπ with prefabricated brackets on such balcony slabs is relatively difficult and expensive, since the fastening devices are generally designed so that they are mounted parallel to the lower or upper balcony surface and the balcony post then perpendicular to the corresponding bracket and thus also perpendicular to of the balcony area in question, to which the post is attached. However, if this is a surface inclined relative to the horizontal, the post is accordingly inclined relative to a vertical. This is particularly difficult when a balcony railing extends around the corner of a balcony so that, for example, the posts attached along the front edge are inclined inwards, while the posts attached along the side edge would be inclined sideways. Prefabricated intermediate parts such as spars and plates, in particular plates and connecting elements going over corners, cannot be attached to such wind-inclined posts, or at least not without tension. For this reason, various proposals for alignable railing posts or alignable fastening devices for railing posts have already been developed.

The fastening device defined at the outset is known from German utility model G 94 15 907.6. In the known device, two ball joints are provided, each with a ball head bolt, which can be screwed with a threaded section into a threaded bore of the mounting element, such a threaded bore being provided next to a through-hole, through which a fastening bolt for the mounting element passes. The other part of the ball joint has a flat head that can be placed on the underside of a balcony slab or the like. By screwing one ball head bolt deeper into the corresponding threaded hole than the other, a different distance between the mounting element and the plate surface to which the mounting element is attached with the aid of the anchoring bolts can be produced in the area of these ball joint supports. These ball joints have the disadvantage, however, that they do not fix the mounting element very securely in a selected position, but that the mounting element, particularly when a long lever in the form of a railing post acts on it, can still be rotated relatively easily about an axis through which the connection of the two ball joints lying one behind the other is defined. In addition, this configuration requires that the support elements protrude from the mounting element next to the fastening bolts and remain visible in a relatively large gap between the mounting element and a balcony slab or the like. Finally, the fastening element is put under tension by tightening the fastening bolts through bores which extend next to the supports.

In addition, other fastening devices with devices for aligning posts or the like are also known from German utility model 295 17 360, German Offenlegungsschrift 195 00 457, German Offenlegungsschrift 44 01 138 and European patent application 0.644.307. The latter two have the disadvantage that they fix the support element in only a single point, which requires a correspondingly large dimensioning or additional lever support due to the considerable leverage effects emanating from railing posts or the like, which, however, puts the support element back under tension . The fastening devices known from utility model 295 17 360 and the published patent application DE 195 00 457 are relatively complex, voluminous and unsightly.

Compared to this prior art, the object of the present invention is to create a fastening device for objects on plates, in particular for railing posts on balcony slabs, which can be aligned independently in two mutually perpendicular directions, whose outer shape is hardly distinguishable from normal, non-alignable fastenings and is inexpensive and yet a secure fixation with any orientation within predetermined limits guaranteed without putting excessive stress on individual parts of the device.

This object is achieved in that the alignment elements consist of two substantially wedge-shaped elements, one wedge surface is flat and intended for contact with the plate and the other wedge surface corresponds approximately to a sector of a cylindrical surface, the imaginary cylinder axis of this surface parallel to The gradient of the wedge surfaces extends and the mounting element has suitable contact surfaces for the contact of the cylindrical wedge surfaces with respect to a surface or longitudinal axis of the mounting element and running essentially at the same wedge angle, the cylindrical wedge surfaces being displaceable along these contact surfaces.

The gradient of the wedge surfaces denotes the direction which defines the direction of the greatest inclination of one wedge surface with respect to the other in the case of a wedge with two flat wedge surfaces. Clearly speaking, this is also the direction of the shortest connection from the thick to the thin wedge end on one of the wedge surfaces.

By longitudinal displacement of the two wedges and thus by a sliding movement of the cylindrical wedge surfaces in the axial direction on the cylindrical contact surfaces, the corresponding sections of the mounting element are pushed more or less far away from the plate surface to which the mounting element is attached. At the same time, however, the abutment of the cylindrical wedge surfaces on the cylindrical abutment surfaces additionally enables the holding element to be rotated in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the tilt, which is caused by moving the wedges in the longitudinal direction. The holding element can thus be aligned in two directions perpendicular to one another, the two wedges arranged between the plate and the holding element being able to have a small thickness and also being barely visible due to their arrangement. The mounting element therefore hardly needs to be distinguished from conventional mounting elements which, instead of corresponding wedges, had projections or shoulders for direct engagement with the plate surface.

It is basically irrelevant which of the mutually engaging cylindrical surfaces is concave and which is convex, but one is preferred Embodiment in which the cylindrical surface of the wedges is designed as a concave inner cylinder wall and the contact surface on the mounting element as a convex cylindrical outer wall.

An embodiment of the invention is particularly preferred in which the cylindrical contact surfaces of the mounting element are provided at the bottom of recesses on the top of the mounting element. This means that the wedges are partially received in these recesses and only an upper section of the wedges which comes into contact with the plate protrudes above the upper side of the holding element. This means that these wedges are even less visible and the entire holder can hardly be distinguished from conventional, non-orientable holders if the outer shape of the holder element is the same in both cases.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the length of the wedges should be between 50 and 100 mm, preferably about 70 mm, and the maximum wedge thickness should be at least equal to the maximum depth of the recesses or somewhat larger, so that it is also deepest in the recesses Condition of the wedges the flat contact surface of the wedges still looks out of the recesses. By moving the wedges on the cylindrical contact surfaces of the holding element, this upper contact surface of the wedge is more or less lifted out of the surface of the holding element in order to ensure a corresponding distance between the plate surface and the holding element in the region of the wedge, so that when the flat wedge surfaces are in contact on the plate surface, the mounting element as a whole is tilted relative to this plate surface and can thus be brought into a horizontal position even if the plate surface does not run horizontally.

The wedge angle should be between approximately 5 ° and 15 °, preferably between 7 ° and 12 °. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the center distance of the recesses arranged one behind the other is between 150 and 250 mm, preferably between 170 and 210 mm. The radii of curvature of the cylindrical surfaces of a wedge and the associated contact surface are each the same, but the cylindrical surfaces of the two intended KΘÜΘ with each other and thus the cylindrical anie surfaces with each other can have different radii. In the latter case, it is particularly expedient if the cylindrical surface closer to the post has a smaller radius than the surface located away from it, the radii of the cylindrical surfaces being able to be coordinated with one another in accordance with their inclination and their spacing such that they are flush with one another or have identical cylinder axes. It should only be noted that the wedge with the Larger arc of curvature should also have a little more play in an optionally provided recess of the holding element than the wedge with the smaller radius of curvature in its associated recess.

However, if the swivel angle around the cylinder axes does not exceed a value of 3 ° - 5 ° and both the distance between the contact surfaces and the wedge angle are not chosen to be excessively large, then the two wedges and the cylindrical angling surfaces can be designed identically, even if the axes of rotation of the cylindrical surfaces then do not coincide and a rotation about one of the axes effectively only leads to a small lateral displacement of at least one of the two wedges and its associated recess relative to the plate surface. For this, a corresponding play of the parts that can be moved relative to one another may have to be taken into account.

An embodiment without relative lateral displacement of one of the two wedges on the plate surface is obtained, for example, if one chooses the wedge angle with 10 °, selects the cylindrical radius of the surfaces closer to the post with 30 mm, and the cylindrical radius with the surfaces remote from the post Select 60 mm and set the center distance of the front and rear surfaces to approximately 173 mm.

Due to the longitudinal displacement of the wedge elements and the resulting tilting of the mounting element, there is also a tilting of the contact surfaces of the mounting element relative to the plate surface, so that they generally no longer lie flush or over the entire surface of the cylindrical wedge surfaces, namely when the wedge angle is the same as that Angle of the contact surfaces to the horizontally aligned surface of the mounting element. This can be compensated for, among other things, by the fact that, in addition to the cylindrical curvature, the cylindrical wedge surface also has a convex curvature about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder curvature and parallel to the flat wedge surface such that the wedge angle, based on its value at the front, thinner wedge end , decreases towards the thicker rear wedge end, preferably by an amount between approximately 2 ° and 4 °, since the inclinations of the surfaces of tapered balcony slabs are typically in this range. The essentially cylindrical wedge surface then no longer lies with its entire surface on the corresponding contact surface of the mounting element, but because of the relatively small convex curvature it still has very large-area contact with it.

Another possibility to compensate for the tilting of the contact surfaces of the mounting element is to pivot the contact surfaces in the mounting element stored parts. In this case, too, the pivotability can be limited to a few angular degrees, for example up to 5 ° or 10 °. In this case, the inclination of the contact surfaces would change when the mounting element is tilted relative to the mounting element and would always be adjusted so that the contact surfaces lie flush against the cylindrical wedge surfaces.

In this regard, too, however, it is true that with only small angles of tilt, even with non-pivotable contact surfaces and non-convex cylindrical surfaces of the wedges, the fit inaccuracies that occur can be tolerated, and can at least partially be compensated for, by the contact surfaces being 2 ° to 4 ° have a greater angle of inclination to the surface of the retaining element than corresponds to the wedge angle. It is assumed that the surface of the mounting element (on the open side of the recesses) is exactly perpendicular to a post to be attached to the mounting element. In the case of wedge surfaces inclined inversely in relation to the plate surface inclination, the angle of inclination of the contact surfaces to the surface of the holding element would have to be a corresponding amount smaller than the wedge angle.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the mounting element has fastening bores which each extend through the center of the contact surfaces and approximately perpendicular to the contact surfaces, wherein "approximately perpendicular" here means that the curvature and inclination of the contact surfaces relative to the mounting element and relative to the surface of the plate to which the mounting element is to be attached is disregarded.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the wedges each have an elongated hole extending from one wedge surface to the other, which extends almost over the entire length of the wedge. The fastening bolts then pass through both the fastening bore of the holding element and the elongated hole, the elongated hole allowing the wedge to be displaced relative to the contact surface. This ensures that the supporting forces are safely intercepted and introduced into the plate symmetrically around the anchoring bolts

On the side of the support element opposite the wedges, this has one or more recesses for receiving the heads of the fastening bolts, preferably in the form of a slot running in the longitudinal direction of the support element, which can be closed, for example, by a cap or cover, so that the heads of the Bolts are covered and invisible. At its end provided for holding a post, the holding element in the preferred embodiment has a holding mandrel for a post, which is fixedly attached to the holding element, for example via a knee piece or angled piece, or is integrally connected to the latter.

In the embodiments described so far with a one-piece wedge element, which on the one hand has a flat and on the other hand a cylindrical curved surface which is inclined at a wedge angle relative to the flat surface, it depends on the extent of the displacement of the wedges and on the inclination of the plate, to what extent one Flat contact of the wedge surfaces on the underside of the balcony with simultaneous vertical alignment of a post or post mandrel is possible. If the inclination of the plate is too great, it may happen that the wedges cannot rest with their two wedge surfaces on the opposite surfaces. This leads to a local load on the wedge edges and contact surface as well as the plate on which the wedge lies.

In contrast, an embodiment of the present invention is preferred, which allows the associated railing post to be aligned in at least one direction, even if the fastening surface is inclined to the horizontal, nevertheless a secure and large-area contact of all fastening elements is possible, so that no large point loads occur.

In contrast to the first described embodiment, this embodiment is characterized in that two essentially wedge-shaped elements are provided as alignment elements, which in turn consist of two separate parts, an upper wedge part and a lower wedge part (or in other words: the wedge elements in two parts with a wedge upper part and a wedge lower part), one of which has a concave surface in a side view and the other has a matching convex surface, such that by moving or rotating the wedge upper part relative to the wedge lower part about the imaginary axis of the concave or convex surfaces, the wedge angle between the wedge surfaces on the sides of the upper or lower wedge part facing away from the concave or convex surfaces can be adjusted essentially continuously.

In the following, the mating and interacting concave and convex surfaces of the upper part of the wedge and of the lower part of the wedge are referred to as mating surfaces for better differentiation from other curved surfaces to be described, without any intention that this should impose any restriction. In the preferred embodiment, a convex mating surface is provided on the underside of the upper part of the wedge, the axis of which extends perpendicular to the wedge gradient, and a flat surface is provided on the upper side of the upper part of the wedge for contact with the respective plate to which the fastening device is to be attached. The lower part of the wedge accordingly has a concave surface on its upper side, the axis of which, in the assembled state, coincides with the axis of the convex surface of the upper part of the wedge, preferably also the lower side of the lower part of the wedge being cylindrically curved, but about an axis which in turn is perpendicular to the axis of the concave Fit surface runs. This cylindrical and preferably concave curvature on the underside of the wedge lower part is essentially identical to the corresponding curvature of the wedge elements, which is described and claimed in the above-mentioned first embodiment. Because of the design of these lower wedge surfaces and their corresponding counter surfaces, including their arrangement in recesses in a mounting element, reference is made in full to the previous explanations, which, apart from the one-part design of the wedge elements, also apply in full to the two-part wedge elements. All of the considerations made in the abovementioned application relating to the effect and function of the wedge surfaces, the displacement of the wedges on their corresponding contact surfaces in the mounting element, including the curvature of these contact surfaces, also apply to the present invention, which, however, is true differs from the subject matter of the aforementioned embodiment primarily in that, due to the concave and convex mating surfaces, the wedge angle for each of the wedge elements can additionally be set independently, so that a flat system can be ensured under practically all assembly conditions.

Further advantages, features and possible uses of the present invention will become clear from the following description of a preferred embodiment and the associated figures. Show it:

1 shows a fastening device with a holding element and a fastening dome formed integrally therewith, FIG. 2 shows a wedge for insertion into one of the recesses of the holding element,

Figure 3 is a schematic side view of the fastening device below a tapered balcony plate, Figure 4 is a view from the left of the fastening device shown in Figure 3, with different angular positions of the retaining dome 12 and the transition piece

11 are drawn in with dashed lines, FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the corner region of a baicon plate with two in various positions of fastening devices that can be mounted on it,

6 shows an alternative embodiment with a wedge lower part, which is provided for insertion into one of the cutouts 6, 6 'of the support element according to FIG. 1,

FIG. 7 different views of the lower part of the wedge,

FIG. 8 shows a wedge upper part matching the lower wedge part according to FIGS. 6 and 7,

Figure 9 different views of the wedge top, and

FIG. 10 schematically shows the holding element according to FIG. 6 fastened to the underside of a balcony slab with the aid of the wedge elements according to the invention.

The fastening device 10 essentially consists of the holding part shown in FIG. 1 and two wedges 2, 2 'which can be inserted into recesses 6, 6' of the holding part 1, one of which is shown in FIG. The holding part 1 is also connected in one piece via a knee piece or transition piece 11 to a mandrel 12, on which a post of a balcony railing or the like can be attached and fixed.

The holding part 1 is approximately an elongated cuboid with a rectangular, almost square cross-section, the free end of which is slightly rounded on the underside and on the sides and whose upper surface 16 is slightly beveled in the section facing the mandrel 12, while the lower surface on opposite end is slightly chamfered, without the overall impression of an elongated cuboid is substantially canceled. The upper surface 16, in which recesses 6, 6 'are formed, runs flat and precisely perpendicular to the axis of the holding mandrel 12. The holding part 1 shown here, which is provided for fastening posts for a balcony railing, has a relatively long length of approx. 50 cm, so that the fastening bolts, not shown here, which extend through the fastening bores 8, 8 ', can be at a sufficient distance from the front edge of the balcony slab and also have a sufficient distance from one another to prevent the bending loads of the balcony railing and post Intercept forces safely and introduce them into the balcony slab.

As can also be seen from FIG. 3, the mounting element 1 is provided for attachment to the underside of a balcony plate 13, the end having the mandrel projecting beyond the front edge of the balcony plate 13.

In the essentially flat upper surface 16 of the mounting element 1, two substantially identical recesses 6, 6 ″ are provided at a distance from one another, the bottom of which is provided by a convex cylindrical surface 7 or T is formed, which is also inclined relative to the flat upper surface 16. The angle of inclination, which has an axially parallel generatrix of the cylindrical surface 7 to the upper surface 16, corresponds approximately to the wedge angle of the wedge 2 shown in FIG. 2 and is approximately 10 °, but can also be approximately 2 ° to 4 ° greater than the wedge angle of the wedge 2. In the center of the recesses 6, 6 "between the end walls of these recesses, a mounting hole 8 or 8 'can be seen, which extends downward through the mounting element 1 and opens into a recess 9, as one can can clearly be seen from the dashed representation in FIG. 3.

The wedge 2 shown in FIG. 2 has a flat surface 3 and a cylindrical lower surface 4. This cylindrical lower surface 4 is in turn inclined by approximately 10 ° with respect to the flat surface 3. The axis of this cylindrical lower surface 4 runs in a longitudinal center plane through the wedge and is inclined with respect to the flat wedge surface 3 by the wedge angle (here about 10 °). The elongated hole 5, which extends through the upper wedge surface 3 and the lower, cylindrical wedge surface 4, also extends symmetrically to and along such a longitudinal center plane through the wedge. The wedge is designed to be inserted into the recesses 6 and 6 'and can be displaced in the longitudinal direction in these recesses 6, 6', since the length of the recesses 6, 6 'is preferably at least 20% the length of the wedge by at least 50%. The displaceability of the wedge 2 in the recesses 6, 6 'is also limited by the fact that the fastening Boizen, not shown, reach through both the holes 8, 8' and the slots 5 of the wedges 2, so that the wedge 2 by a maximum can be shifted, which corresponds approximately to the length of the straight sections of the elongated hole 5 rounded at the ends. Also in the side direction, the wedge 2 between the side walls of the recesses 6, 6 'has a clear play in the order of 1 mm or a little more on both sides.

The curvature of the cylindrical surfaces 7, T and 4 is in each case the same in the illustrated embodiment, but the radius of curvature of the cylindrical surface 7 'and of the wedge 2' to be inserted into the recess 6 'can also be greater than the curvature of the surface 7 and corresponding cylindrical surface 4 of the wedge 2. The difference in the curvatures can be chosen so that the cylinder axes of the two surfaces 7, T coincide approximately.

In Figure 3, the fastening device 10 is shown overall again below a balcony slab 13. The front edge of the balcony slab is on the left in FIG. 3 and it can be seen that the thickness of the balcony slab 13 decreases from the rear to the front, so that the lower surface 14 of the Balcony slab rises from the rear to the front at a small angle with respect to the horizontal upper surface 15. If a conventional post bracket were to be mounted on this lower surface 14, its upper surface 16 would run substantially parallel to the lower surface 14 of the balcony slab 13 and thus the mandrel 12 and the post, not shown here, attached and fastened thereon tilted a corresponding angle to the balcony slab. Of course, this disturbs the visual impression and can also be a hindrance when installing other elements of the balcony railing.

To compensate for the inclination of the lower surface 14, two wedge elements 2, 2 are provided which are inserted into the cutouts 6, 6 'and can be moved into any position in the longitudinal direction of these cutouts 6, 6 ". As can be easily seen from FIG. 3 2, the upper surface 3 of the wedges 2, 2 "defined in FIG. 2 protrudes very little beyond the flat surface 16 of the mounting element 1 when the wedges 2, 2 'are in their rightmost position in the recesses 6, 6 'be moved. Conversely, the wedges 2, 2 'protrude a maximum amount from the recesses 6, 6' when they are shifted to their leftmost position in these recesses. In the illustrated inclination of the lower surface 14 of the balcony plate 13, a horizontal alignment of the upper surface 16 of the mounting element 1 and thus an exactly vertical alignment of the post mandrel 12 can be achieved, for example, by the wedge 2 shown on the left in comparison to the wedge shown on the right 2 'is displaced in its recess 6 into a position further to the left, in which it protrudes further from the recess 6 than the wedge 2', and is accordingly located in its recess 6 'in a position further to the right. The displacement of the wedges 2, 2 'in the recesses 6, 6' takes place by such an amount that the height difference of the upper surfaces 3 of these two wedge elements 2, 2 ', based on the flat surface 16 of the mounting element 1, is exactly the height difference the contact areas of the two upper edge surfaces 3 on the underside 14 of the balcony slab 13, based on a horizontal line. With a suitable displacement of the two wedge elements 2, 2 'it is achieved that the upper surface 16 of the mounting element 1 runs exactly horizontally and thus the post mandrel 12 runs exactly vertically.

In the case of widely protruding balcony railings, however, it is generally also necessary to attach posts along the side edges of the balcony slab, ie in an orientation of the mounting element 1, which in the illustration in FIG. 3 would run perpendicular to the paper plane. In the case of a fastening device without compensating elements, the post mandrel 12 would in turn run perpendicular to the underside of the plate 14, so it would be inclined to the right in the illustration according to FIG. 3. As can easily be seen from the previous description of Figure 3 can recognize, such a lateral inclination is not influenced by the relative longitudinal displacement of the wedges 2, 2 'in their recesses 6, 6'. However, compensation of such a lateral inclination is possible due to the configuration of the surfaces 4 and 7 or 7 'as cylindrical surfaces. The holding element 1 can then be rotated essentially about its longitudinal axis, more precisely about the axes of the cylindrical surfaces 7 and 7 ", the corresponding and resulting angular positions for the receiving dome 12 being shown in FIG. 4 with dashed lines For the sake of clarity, the swivel range shown in Figure 4 is shown somewhat exaggeratedly. For the angles that usually occur between the top and bottom of balcony slabs, half of the angle range shown in Figure 4 is normally sufficient.

So that this lateral pivoting of the holding part 1 with respect to the wedges 2, 2 'with their flat surface 3 firmly against the underside 14 of the balcony slab 13 is possible, the wedges 2, 2' must have a corresponding lateral play in the recesses 6, 6 ' be included. Also the mounting holes 8, 8 'and / or the elongated holes 5 of the wedges 2, 2' must have a corresponding game compared to the bolt passing through these holes so that the relative pivoting movements in the order of magnitude up to 5 ° between the holding part 1 and the wedge 2 or 2 'are possible.

As can be seen, it is possible with the holder according to the invention to completely compensate for both the inclination of the balcony slab 13 or its underside from front to rear and also a lateral inclination that occurs along the side edges of corresponding balcony slabs.

This is shown again in connection with FIG. 5, which shows a perspective view of the corner of a balcony slab, the front edge of which extends approximately to the right from the center of FIG. 5 and has a constant width d, which is the thickness of the balcony slab 13 at its front End indicates, while the edge of the balcony slab 13 which can be seen on the left is a side edge, the width of which increases towards the rear, ie towards the relevant house wall, to a value D, as shown between the arrows shown in FIG. In addition, two fastening devices are shown, one of which is to be fastened along the side edge, for adjustment essentially rotating the mounting element 1 about its longitudinal axis or about the axes of the cylindrical surfaces of the wedges 2, 2 'or contact surfaces 7, T takes place while the fastening device shown on the right and attached in the area of the front edge must compensate for the inclination of the underside 14 of the balcony slab by moving the wedges 2, 2 'in the respective recesses 6, 6', as has already been shown in detail in connection with FIG . Arrows A, B above the post arbors 12 indicate the two possible, independent adjustment directions of the fastening devices according to the invention.

The fastening device could also be fastened and aligned diagonally from the balcony corner on the balcony slab 13, with both a relative longitudinal displacement of the wedges 2, 2 'in their recesses 6, 6' and a rotation of the mounting element compared to the mounting on a horizontal plate surface 1 compared to the wedges 2, 2 "would have to take place.

Since the wedges 2, 2 "are received in recesses on the upper side of the holding elements 1, they protrude only slightly beyond the upper side 16 of the holding elements 1 and are therefore hardly visible when looking at a balcony from below. The holding elements 1 appear as be completely ordinary, rigid post brackets without the possibility of aligning the post dome 12. Furthermore, it is also easily possible to use the fastening devices according to the invention for fastening to horizontal surfaces or undersides of balconies, which is achieved on the one hand by screwing the mounting element 1 directly onto the underside of a Balcony plate could be done, but is preferably carried out so that the wedges 2, 2 'in a central position or in an end stop position are each used at the corresponding end of the recesses 6, 6', so that their upper surfaces 3 each the same amount over the top e protrude surface 16 and form an abutment for the mounting element, which is used by the fastening bolts, not shown, on the underside of the balcony slab.

The second embodiment of the fastening device 10 essentially consists of the holding part 2 shown in FIG. 1 with the wedge elements which can be inserted into recesses 6, 6 'of the holding part 1, which in turn consist of the wedge lower part 30 shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and the one shown in FIGS. 8 , 9 shown wedge upper part 20.

The angle of inclination, which has an axially parallel surface line of the cylindrical surface 7 to the upper surface 16 of the holding part 1, corresponds to the wedge angle of the wedges shown in FIG. 10, each consisting of wedge upper part 20 and wedge lower part 30, and is approximately 10 °. In the center of the recesses 6, 6 'between the end walls of these recesses, a mounting hole 8 or 8' can be seen, which extends downward through the mounting element 1 and opens into a recess 9, as can be seen from the broken line in FIG 10 can see well. 6 to 9, the wedge lower part 30 and the wedge upper part 20 are shown in detail, whereby in FIG. 10 the interaction of these two parts can be seen more clearly as alignment elements which can be set to any wedge angle which corresponds to the inclination of the underside of a balcony slab in Compared to the base 7, 7 'of the recesses 6, 6' in the mounting element 1 corresponds.

The arrows A, B and C indicate some of the adjustment options of the upper wedge parts 20 and lower wedge parts 30 relative to the mounting element 1 and relative to one another. By simultaneously moving both wedges in the recesses 6, 6 'to the right or to the left, the holding element 1 moves along the double arrow A upwards or downwards. By moving only one of the wedges, consisting of wedge upper part 20 and wedge lower part 30, in one of the recesses 6, 6 ', the angle of inclination of the holding element 1 is changed relative to the underside of the balcony slab and by pivoting the wedge upper part 20 relative to the wedge lower part 30 along the double arrow C. you set the appropriate wedge angle between the bottom 14 of the balcony slab 13 and the bottom of the recesses 6, 6 '. The position of two through holes 8, 8 'in the mounting element and in the balcony plate 13 is only indicated by the position of their axes with dash-dotted lines. The position shown schematically in FIG. 10 corresponds approximately to the maximum adjustment angle of the holding element 1 relative to the underside 14 of a balcony slab 13, since the wedge parts 20, 30 in the recess 6 'are shifted all the way to the right, while the wedge parts 20, 30 in the recess 6 are shifted all the way to the left. However, it goes without saying that by extending the cutouts 6, 6 'it is also readily possible to achieve a larger adjustment range.

The particular advantage that one achieves with the division of the wedges in the form of the wedge upper part 20 and the wedge lower part 30 lies in the adaptation of the wedge angle such that the surface 22 of the wedge upper part 20 is in full contact with a corresponding flat underside 14 of a plate, as well as also the lower wedge surface 32 of the wedge lower part 30 rests over the entire surface on the base 7, T of the recess 6 or 6 '. In FIGS. 6 to 9, wedge lower part 30 and wedge upper part 20 are shown individually in different views. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the lower part 30 of the wedge. As can be seen, the lower part 30 of the wedge has a concave upper fitting surface 31, the axis of the concave circular curvature of this fitting surface 31 running perpendicular to a longitudinal center plane through the lower part 30 of the wedge. The longitudinal direction of the wedge lower part 30 is defined by the direction of its longest dimensions, the elongated hole 33 also extending along this direction. The wedge underside 32 forming one of the wedge contact surfaces is likewise cylindrically concave, that is to say forms the part of the inner surface of a cylinder, in which case the corresponding axis of this concave curvature runs approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction of the wedge lower part 30. This enables the support element 1 to be rotated essentially about its longitudinal axis with respect to the wedge base 30. It goes without saying that the cutouts 6, 6 'are correspondingly wider than the wedge base 30 in order to allow a corresponding rotation of the support element 1 by a small angle. Because of the details of this twist, the design of the recesses 6, 6 'and their correspondingly convexly curved base 7, T, reference can be made to the already pending, pending patent application 197 00 603.5 by the same applicant, in which the details of the twist and orientation of the Bracket element 1 is described in detail substantially about its longitudinal axis. In fact, the rotation takes place about one of the axes of the cylindrical curvature of the undersides 32 of the two wedge lower parts 30, which are offset relative to one another, or about an axis lying between them, although the slight lateral displacements of one wedge element caused by small angles of rotation are practically insignificant compared to the other .

In the various views of the wedge lower part 30 in FIG. 7, it can be seen that the wedge lower part 30 is already essentially wedge-shaped, since the wedge front side 34 is shorter than the knee rear 35, the wedge underside 32 is thus already inclined to a connecting line of the upper one The front edge runs with the upper rear edge of the wedge. As a result, the upper part of the wedge only needs to be displaced or rotated relatively little with respect to the lower part of the wedge for a given inclination of a balcony underside.

The concave curvature of the upper fitting surface 31 can be seen particularly clearly in the side view according to FIG. 7a, while the concave curvature of the underside 32 of the wedge can best be seen in FIG. 7b. The continuous slot 33 is provided for receiving a bolt 8 or 8 'in different displacement positions of the wedge lower part 30.

Figures 8 and 9 show the corresponding wedge top. The upper wedge part 20 has an upper wedge surface 22 and a lower, convex fitting surface 21, the radius of curvature of which corresponds exactly to the radius of curvature of the upper fitting surface 31 of the wedge lower part 30. The wedge upper part 20 placed on the wedge lower part 30 can thus slide with its underside 21 in substantially full-surface engagement on the suitably shaped fitting surface 31 of the wedge lower part 30 and thereby moves effectively about the axis defined by the radius of curvature of the fitting surfaces 21, 31. In addition to a certain longitudinal displacement of the wedge upper part 20 compared to the Wedge lower part 30 changes with a corresponding displacement of the two concave mating surfaces 21, 31 against each other, especially the wedge angle, which is formed between the upper side 22 of the upper wedge part 20 and the lower side 32 of the lower wedge part 30, the wedge angle in a side view or in a longitudinal section is to be measured by the lower wedge part 30 and the upper wedge part 20, so that the cylindrical curvature of the underside 32 of the wedge remains insignificant.

The upper wedge part 20 also has an elongated hole 23 corresponding to the elongated hole 33 in the lower wedge part 30 for receiving a corresponding screw bolt 8, 8 ', as indicated in FIG. 10.

Because of the possibility of pivoting the wedge upper part 20 relative to the wedge lower part 30, the recess 23 is additionally provided at one or both ends with a groove 24, which is only indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 9c. This enables the displacement area of the wedge parts 20, 30 to be fully utilized until the grooved area 24 bears against one of the screw bolts 8, 8 '.

It is understood that the mounting elements described can also be easily modified so that they could be attached to the possibly inclined top of a balcony slab 13 with the same alignment options. For this purpose, the holding mandrel 12 would only have to extend in the opposite direction with respect to the holding element 1.

Claims

Patent claims

1. Fastening device for fastening objects, such as railing posts, to panels, in particular to balcony panels (13), with a mounting element (1), which for fastening by means of at least two bolts that can be anchored in the panel (13) to the upper ( 15) or underside (14) of a plate (13) is provided, and with alignment elements (2, 2 '; 7, 7'), which can be set between the mounting element (1) and the plate (13) in an adjustable orientation and positioning relative to the mounting element (1) can be mounted such that the mounting element (1) can be aligned independently in two mutually perpendicular directions relative to the plate surface (14) to which it is attached by means of the bolts, characterized in that the alignment elements (2, 2 '; 7, 7') consist of two essentially wedge-shaped elements (2, 2 '), one wedge surface (3) of which is substantially flat and is intended for application to a surface (14, 15) of the plate (13) d whose other wedge surface (4) corresponds approximately to a sector of a cylinder jacket surface, the imaginary axis of the cylinder surface running parallel to the gradient of the wedge surfaces (3, 4) and the mounting element (1) also matching, essentially cylindrical and with respect to a longitudinal extension axis of the Holding element (1) at an angle, which lies in the range of the wedge angle, extending ania surfaces (7, 7 ') for the application of the cylindrical wedge surfaces (4), along which the wedges (2, 2') can be displaced.

2. Fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical contact surfaces (7,7 ") of the mounting element (1) as convex cylindrical outer surfaces and the cylindrical wedge surfaces (4) of the wedges (2, 2 ') as concave inner cylindrical surfaces are trained.

3. Fastening device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cylindrical contact surfaces (7, 7 ') of the mounting element (1) at the bottom of recesses (6, 6') in the top (16) of the mounting element (1) are provided .

4. Fastening device according to claim 3, characterized in that the maximum depth of the recesses (6, 6 ') is slightly less than the maximum thickness of the wedges (2, 2').

5. Fastening device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the length of the recesses (6, 6 ') is at least 1, 2 times, preferably at least 1, 5 times the length of the wedges (2, 2') .

6. Fastening device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that fastening bores (8, 8 ') extend centrally and approximately perpendicularly through the contact surfaces (7, 7').

7. Fastening device according to claim 6, characterized in that the wedges (2, 2 ') have a slot (5) which extends through the opposite wedge surfaces (3, 4) and extends essentially in the longitudinal direction of the wedge (2, 2') and when the cylindrical wedge and contact surfaces (4, 7, T) bear against the fastening bores (8, 8 ') of the mounting element (1).

8. Fastening device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the wedge angle is between 5 and 15 °, preferably between 7 and 12 °.

9. Fastening device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the length of the wedges (2, 2 ') is between 50 and 100 mm, preferably between 60 and 80 mm.

10. Fastening device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the center distance of the contact surfaces (7, 7 ') is between 150 and 250 mm, preferably between 170 and 210 mm.

11. Fastening device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the holding element is a substantially elongated cuboid with an almost square cross section.

12. Fastening device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the holding element has on its underside at least one recess (9) for receiving the heads of fastening bolts.

13. Fastening device according to claim 12, characterized in that the recess (9) can be closed by a cover cap essentially flush.

14. Fastening device according to claim 3 or one of the claims dependent on claim 3, characterized in that the wedge (2, 2'9 in the width direction with play in the recesses (6, 6 ') is received, the play on both sides at least 0, 6 mm and preferably 1 mm or more.

15. Fastening device according to claim 14, characterized in that the side walls of the recesses (6, 6 ') are trapezoidal in cross-section obliquely to the outside.

16. Fastening device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the cylindrical wedge surface (4) is convexly curved by an additional curvature about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder curvature, such that the wedge angle θl, starting from the thin, front Wedge end to the rear thick wedge end, continuously reduced.

17. Fastening device according to claim 16, characterized in that the decrease in the wedge angle from the front to the rear end of the wedge is between 2 ° and 4 °.

18. Fastening device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at least one of the cylindrical Aniageflächen (4; 7 and 4; 7 ') is pivotally mounted about an axis which is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical curvature and extends in the assembled state of the device parallel to the flat contact surface (3) of the wedge (2, 2 ').

19. Fastening device for fastening objects, such as railing posts, to panels, in particular to balcony panels (13), with a mounting element (1), which for attachment by means of at least two bolts that can be anchored in the panel (13) to the upper ( 15) or underside (14) of a plate (13) is provided, and with alignment elements (20, 30) which are arranged between the mounting element (1) and the plate (13) in an adjustable orientation and positioning relative to the mounting element (1) can be mounted in such a way that the mounting element (1) can be aligned in at least one direction relative to the plate surface (14) to which it is fastened by means of the bolts, characterized in that the alignment elements consist of two essentially wedge-shaped elements, each of the wedge-shaped elements Elements in turn consist of two separate parts, a wedge upper part (20) and a wedge lower part (30), one of which is in the side view ht circular convex and the other has a matching concave surface such that, by moving or rotating the upper wedge part (20) relative to the lower wedge part (30) about the imaginary axis of the concave and convex surfaces, the wedge angle between the wedge surfaces on the concave or convex The sides of the upper part of the wedge or the lower part of the wedge that face away from the surface can be adjusted essentially continuously.

20. Fastening device according to claim 19, characterized in that the wedge upper part on its underside (21) is convexly curved and on the side facing away from this curved surface has a flat surface (22).

21. Fastening device according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the wedge bottom part has a concave top side (31) matching the underside (21) of the wedge top part (20) and a cylindrically curved underside (32), the cylinder axis being essentially parallel to the wedge longitudinal direction and runs perpendicular to the axis of the convex or concave curvature on the upper side (31) of the wedge lower part (30).

22. Fastening device according to one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that one of the parts, upper wedge part (20) or lower wedge part (30) has an elongated hole in the longitudinal direction of the wedge (23, 33) and the other has at least one through hole which with the slot can be aligned.

23. Fastening device according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the concave mating surfaces have a radius of curvature of at least 5 and at most 20 cm, preferably of about 10 cm.

24. Fastening device according to one of claims 19 to 23, characterized in that the holding element (1) has cylindrical contact surfaces (7, 7 ') in the form of convex outer cylinder surfaces (7, 7'), the undersides (32) of the wedge lower parts (30 ) are designed as concave inner cylinder surfaces.

25. Fastening device according to one of claims 19 to 24, characterized in that the cylindrical contact surfaces (7, 7 ') of the mounting element (1) at the bottom of recesses (6, 6') in the top (16) of the mounting element (1) are provided.

26. Fastening device according to claim 25, characterized in that the maximum The depth of the recesses (6, 6 ') is slightly less than the maximum thickness of the wedges (2, 2').

27. Fastening device according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that the length of the recesses (6, 6 ') is at least 1, 2 times, preferably at least 1, 5 times the length of the wedges (2, 2 ") .

28. Fastening device according to one of claims 19 to 27, characterized in that fastening bores (8, 8 ') extend centrally and approximately perpendicularly through the contact surfaces (7, 7 ").

29. Fastening device according to claim 28, characterized in that the lower wedge part (30) and the upper wedge part (20) have an elongated hole (5) which extends through the opposite wedge surfaces (22, 32) and extends essentially in the longitudinal direction of the wedge (2, 2 ') extends and when the cylindrical wedge and contact surfaces (4, 7, 7 ") are in contact with the fastening bores (8, 8 ') of the mounting element (1) can be aligned.

30. Fastening device according to one of claims 19 to 29, characterized in that the setting range of the wedge angle is between 0 ° and 25 °, preferably at least between 7 ° and 12 °.

31. Fastening device according to one of claims 19 to 30, characterized in that the length of the upper and lower wedge parts (20, 30) is between 50 and 100 mm, preferably between 60 and 80 mm.

32. Fastening device according to one of claims 19 to 31, characterized in that the center distance of the contact surfaces (7, 7 ") is between 150 and 250 mm, preferably between 170 and 210 mm.

33. Fastening device according to one of claims 19 to 32, characterized in that the holding element is a substantially elongated cuboid with an almost square cross section.

34. Fastening device according to one of claims 19 to 33, characterized in that the holding element on its underside has at least one recess (9) for receiving the heads of fastening bolts.

35. Fastening device according to claim 34, characterized in that the recess (9) can be closed essentially flush by a cover cap.

36. Fastening device according to one of claims 19 to 35, characterized in that the wedge bottom part (30) and / or the wedge top part (20) regardless of their curved surfaces have a wedge-shaped basic shape, preferably with a wedge angle of about 5 °.