Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
  • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
  • H05B47/16—Controlling the light source by timing means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
  • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
  • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
  • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
  • H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
  • H05B47/19—Controlling the light source by remote control via wireless transmission
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
  • Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
  • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
  • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
  • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
  • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
  • Y04S20/242—Home appliances
  • Y04S20/246—Home appliances the system involving the remote operation of lamps or lighting equipment
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
  • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
  • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
  • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
  • Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to time switches and concerns more specifically a time switch of the type defined in the preamble of Claim 1.
• the British Patent Application GB-A-2 143 966 discloses an electronic apparatus for switching on and off e.g. street lightings at predetermined times. The switching times are stored in an electronic memory. The appara- tus is supplied from the AC-mains through a power supply.
• the European Patent Publication EP-A2-0 424 772 discloses a system for remotely synchronized timing using wireless transmission of correction signals.
• the European Patent Publication EP-A2-0 062 218 discloses a system for time-correct control of devices. Received signals are transmitted through a conventional electric network.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a time switch wherein the drawbacks of prior art are avoided.
• a time switch especially for controlling street lighting, comprising a receiver for wireless reception of time signals, a time decoder for decoding of received time signals, and a switching means for switching in and switching out a load in response to received time signals, is thus characterized in that the time switch receives the power supply solely through the electrical public network.
• a time switch is provided which is more inexpensive and more reliable than known time switches. When installed the time switch will not need any further attention during its technical life. The life of a bulb in a street lighting controlled in this way is doubled compared to that of a bulb controlled in a conventional way.
• a capacitor and a resistor are preferably placed in such a way, that the voltage of the public electrical network is filtered in order to reduce interference.
• Fig. 1 shows a time signal receiver included in the time switch
• Fig. 2 shows a processor part included in the time switch.
• This is adapted for controlling a street lighting.
• a block diagram of a time signal receiver 10 is shown in its entirety in Fig. 1.
• the main part of the receiver is a specially adapted AM-receiver circuit IC1, for example of the type u4224, and peripheral components, such as resistors Rl, R2, capacitors C1-C8, a transistor Tl, and a diode Dl and a Zener diode Zl.
• the frequency of the receiver circuit is controlled by two crystals X3 , X4.
• the receiver 10 is placed in the top of the lamp-post to be controlled and is adapted to communicate with the remaining equipment through a shielded wire pair connected to the connector Kl .
• Connector Kl has three points of connection: shield 1, supply voltage 2, in this case 5V, and signal 3.
• the receiver is adapted to receive coded long wave time signals transmitted from transmitters in certain countries.
• the preferred embodiment uses signals at 77.5 kHz.
• the detected radio signal is passed through via transistor Tl and the shielded cable to the processor part, of which a block diagram is shown in Fig. 2.
• the processor part shown in Fig. 2 comprises four main parts, each enclosed by broken lines: a signal indicator 20, a time decoder 30, an electronic switch 40 and a current supply 50.
• the signal indicator 20 comprises a connector K2 , to which the signal received in the receiver 10 is led through the shielded cable. It also comprises a light-emitting diode Dl, the anode of which is connected to electronic voltage, +5V, through a resistor R4, and the cathode of which is connected to the signal conductor, i.e. the connection 2 of the connector K2. In that way the light-emitting diode Dl lights up in synchronism with the received and demodulated time signal pulses. By means of these flashes the reception quality can be determined and the time-code be manually interpreted. This function is very important during installation for verification of the correct function of the receiver.
• the time decoder 30 comprises a micro-processor IC1-A, which is connected to the signal indicator 20 through an interrupt input INT1 and which receives the time signal pulses through this input.
• the received time signal is compared with predetermined times for switch on and switch off in the micro-processor. These times can be set by means of external jumpers START, STOP.
• the processor generates on output PO-2 a time signal dependent control signal to an electronic switch 40 connected to the micro-processor. The function of this switch is to control, i.e., to switch on and switch off the current to be controlled; in the preferred embodiment this current is a lighting current flowing to a bulb or the like.
• the control signal of the output of the time decoder 30 is visualized by means of a light-emitting diode D2 connected to the output. In that way the synchronization process can be studied, which can be used during installation and maintenance of the equipment.
• control passes to an internal, crystal-controlled clock- function provided by a crystal XI connected to the processor, and by then the unit is entirely insensitive for disruptions in the time signal.
• the time decoder 30 is connected to the electronic switch 40 through a mains isolating optocoupler IC3 , provided on the input, and this optocoupler has an output with a triac IC4. This is provided between the connections 1 and 2 of a connector K3 , and these connections provide the phase voltage of the supply voltage and leads to the lamp to be controlled.
• the connections 3 and 4 of the connector K3 are the neutral of the supply voltage and protective ground, respectively.
• the current supply 50 is provided in the simpliest way possible with a capacitive voltage division from the mains in the connector K3.
• the mains voltage is rectified in a rectifier RECT, whereafter it is supplied to a voltage stabilizer IC2 which, together with peripheral circuits, provides the electronic voltage of +5V.
• the neutral voltage can have a potential different from zero due to interference and an asymmetrical load in the network. This can lead to impared function of the time switch and even to that the time switch ceases to function. It has surprisingly been discovered that you can achieve a filter function by the use of protective ground, the potential of which is almost zero volt.
• capacitor C12 connected to the protective earth together with the resistor R12 pro- vided between the neutral voltage of the network and one input of the rectifier RECT, stabilize the resulting voltage used for electronic supply.
• Suitable figures are 22 nF for the capacitor (C12) and 1 kohm for the resistor (R12) .
• the time switch according to the invention has no current supply because the mains voltage to the connector K3 is interrupted. If for some reason a lighting is switched on during daytime, for example during a function check or during maintenance, the lighting controlled by the time switch according to the invention is also switched on if the preset switch on and switch off times are set in that way.
• the lighting according to the invention is switched on and switched off in the traditional way.
• a preferred embodiment of a time switch according to the invention has been described.
• the person skilled in the art realizes that this can varied within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the inventive concept.
• different frequencies than the one mentioned above can be used for a time signal.
• the start and stop times can alternatively be controlled by programming electronic memories.
• Other objects than street lightings can be controlled.

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20405085

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (6)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1996
  • 1996-12-20 SE SE9604726A patent/SE515381C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1997
  • 1997-12-19 WO PCT/SE1997/002173 patent/WO1998028948A1/en active Application Filing
  • 1997-12-19 GB GB9913227A patent/GB2334795B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-12-19 DE DE19782170A patent/DE19782170B3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-12-19 DE DE19782170T patent/DE19782170T1/de active Pending

Patent Citations (3)

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