WO1998027364A1

WO1998027364A1 - 'butterfly converter' for interconverting reciprocating and rotary motions

Info

Publication number: WO1998027364A1
Application number: PCT/SK1996/000018
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jaroslav Fedor; Ludovít MÜNNICH; Oskar MÜNNICH
Original assignee: Jaroslav Fedor; Muennich Ludovit; Muennich Oskar
Priority date: 1996-12-17
Filing date: 1996-12-17
Publication date: 1998-06-25

Abstract

The butterfly converter enables conversion of the rectilinear reverse motion to the rotary motion and vice versa. The most extensive use of the butterfly converter is in the designing of piston machines, such as internal combustion engines, compressors and pumps. The butterfly converter consists of the shaft (1) firmly connected with three pins (2), which are symmetrically placed on the circle (16) and parallel with the axis of the shaft (1), at least from one butterfly element (4) which is perpendicularly located on the shaft (1) and placed in the guide (9) and on the pins (2), while the butterfly element (4) consists of a plate with an opening. The shape of the butterfly element (4) depends on the radius of the circle (16) on which pins (2) are located, on the lift (Z) of butterly element (4), on the diameter of the pins (2), respectively on the diameter of the bearings (3), in the case that they are placed on the pins (2).

Description

"BUTTERFLY CONVERTER" FOR INTERCONVERTING RECIPROCATING AND ROTARY MOTIONS

Technical area

A butterfly converter can be used in machinery which provides conversion of the rectilinear reverse motion to the rotary motion and vice versa. The most extensive use of the butterfly converter is in the designing of piston machines, such as internal combustion engines, compressors and pumps.

Present State of Art

At present, the conversion of the rectilinear reverse motion to the rotary motion is carried out mainly by a crank mechanism. In the designing of piston machines the rotary motion of the crank mechanism results in adverse dynamic conditions which are transfered to the cylinder walls through a connecting rod and a piston. This makes significant demands upon the stiffness and sturdiness of the design of piston machines, quality of materials and lubricants. The adverse dynamic conditions on the crank shaft require application of the balancing elements. The pendulum motion of the connecting rod does not enable closing of the piston machine cylinder bottom and its separation from the crank mechanism.

Among known alternatives which enable the closing of the cylinder bottom there is an equipment consisting of a three- projection cam, on which rollers, connected with a piston, roll, while the cam being at the same time connected with a flywheel and a shaft, is forced to perform the rotary motion. The main disadvantage of this equipment consists in its complicated structure, large size and heavy weight.

As for a slotted link mechanism, a mutual conversion of the rectilinear and rotary motion takes place, which is caused by the pressure of a slotted link on a fixed pin which is placed on a flywheel. Practical implementation of this mechanism is restrained mainly by high stress of the slotted link in its extreme position and the energy loss caused by friction of the slotted link.

The main disadvantage of using a gear rim, symmetrically placed on a flywheel and a gear pinion, placed on a carrier pin of a flywheel in a rotating way, is its complicated design and bad balance of the whole mechanism.

There is another similar alternative, where the gearing was replaced by a guiding groove in a flywheel, in which a roller connected with a piston moves.

From the above mentioned review it results that the alternative ways, enabling conversion of the rectilinear motion to the rotary motion have several drawbacks, which prevent them from being practically applied.

The Nature of the Invention

The butterfly element consists of a shaft firmly connected with three pins, which are symmetrically placed on a circle and parallel with the axis of the shaft, at least, from one butterfly element which is perpendicul ry located on the shaft and placed in a guide and on pins, while butterfly element consists of a plate with an opening. The contour curve of the opening is defined as a geometric locus occuring in a constant distance from the poin of contact of the tangent to a curve created as a resultant of circular motion round the circle and hereby rectilinear reverse motion, while three strokes of the butterfly elemen are needed for one revolution of the shaft.

The shape of the opening of the butterfly element depends on the radius of the circle on which pins are located, on the lift of butterfly element, on diameter of pins, respectively on the diameter of bearings, in the case that they are placed on the pins.

To decrease the friction between pins and the butterfly elements it is suitable to place bearings on the pins or to use journals. Defined location of the pins may be realized for example by placing them on the shoulders, on one flywheel or between

flywheels. Pi Eton rods may be mounted on the butterfly element on one side, as well on both opposite sides.

The butterfly converter provides excellent possibilities to use the unit-built system. It enables various ways of arrangement in series on one common shaft, while the butterfly converters may be turn round the shaft under various angles.

Usage of the butterfly converter in piston-type engines enables its separation from the cylinder by means of a flange with a packing. As for two-stroke internal combustion engines, it increases volumetric e ficiency at suction and either decreases or even eliminates needed quantity of the lubricating additives in the fuel mixture. Usage of the butterfly converter in all types of piston internal combustion engines improves flexibility of the engine speed, reduces quantity of the adverse dynamic conditions and eliminates the need to balance the flywheels, enables usage of ceramic components of the engine.

The advantage of the butterfly converter is its simple design, small external dimensions, low weight and a simple possibility of replacement.

Explanation of Drawings

The attached drawings illustrate two examples of realization of the invention. Figure I. illustrates the cross-section of the butterfly converter with the unilateral placing of the piston rod and figure 2 illustrates the section in the position A-A. Figure 3. illustrates the scheme of the two-stroke piston-type internal combustion engine with the butterfly converter and the opposite arrangement of the cyl inders .

Examples of Realization of the Invention

Example No. 1

The butterfly converter consists of the shaft 1_. connected by means of shoulders 6. with three pins 2 , placed parallel with the axis of the shaft 1.. The pins 2 are located on the circle 1_6 at 120° angle, while bearings 3_. are placed on the pins 2 . The butterfly element 4 is perpendiculary located on the shaft 1_ and placed in the guide 9_. and on three pins 2 , with the bearings 3 . The butterfly element 4 is connected with the piston rod 10.

Example No. 2

The two-stroke piston-type internal combustion engine with the opposite arrangement of the cylinders ,1_2, with closing of the bottom of the cylinders 1J3, the flange 1 , the packing 1.5 and with the butterfly converter, which is made of the shaft 1_ firmly connected with two flywheels and with three pins 2 , placed on the circle I S, and parallel with the axis of the shaft J - The butterfly element 4 is perpendiculary located on the shaft 1_ and placed in the guide 9. and on the pins 2 , with the bearings 3. between two flywheels 7_. Two piston rods JQ are placed on opposite sides of the butterfly element 4. The bottom of the cylinder is closed by the flange with the packing 15.

Acting of alternating forces on the piston rods JJJ and the butterfly element 4 puts the flywheels V_. with the shaft ! into motion. Rotating of the shaft 1. causes the bearing 3 moving along the guiding surface 5_, which puts the butterfly element 4 and the piston rods JD into the rectilinear reverse motion.

The opposite arrangement of the cylinders doubles the number of the working strokes per- one revolution of the shaft of the butterfly converter, thus increasing the torque and improving the evenness of the engine operation.

Closing the bottom of the cylinder 1_3 of the two stroke piston-type internal combustion engine enables sucking of the fuel mixture through the suction channel S with the reduced content of the lubricating additives. The working medium is forced in the working space of the cylinder i2_ directly from under the piston 1_. ^an^ the bottom of the cylinder V2 through the filling channel P. Closing the bottom of the cylinder J3 prevents heat of the sucked working medium from escaping and significantly improves conditions of sucking and filling of the engine. It increases values of underpressure during sucking and overpressure during filling the cylinder and it acts in the similar way as a blower. Lubrication of the butterfly converter is independent, without. access of the working filling of the cylinder. — D —

List of Used Reference Characters

1 - shaft

2 - pin

3 - bearing

4 - butterfly element

5 - guiding surface

6 - shoulder

7 - flywheel

8 - converter box

9 - guide

10 - piston rod

11 - piston

12 - cylinder

13 - bottom of the cylinder

14 - 1 ange

15 - packing

16 - circle

S - suction channel V - exhaustion channel P - filling channel F - force [ N ] Z - lift [ 10- 3. m ]

Claims

P A T E N T C L A I M S

1. The butterfly converter consists of the shaft (1) firmly connected with three pins (2), which are symmetrically placed on the circle (16) and parallel with the axis of the shaft (1), c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y the fact, that it consists of at least one butterfly element (4) which is perpendiculary located on the shaft (1) and placed in the guide (9) and on the pins (2), while the butterfly element (4) consists of a plate with an opening, where the contour curve of the opening is defined as a geometric locus occuring in a constant distance from the point of contact of the tangent to a curve created as a resultant of circular motion round the circle (16) and hereby rectilinear reverse motion, while three strokes of the butterfly element (4) are needed for one revolution of the shaft (1).

2. The butterfly converter, in accordance with point 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y the fact, that the bearings (3) are placed on the pins (2).

3. The butterfly converter, in accordance with point 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y the fact, that the pins (2) are placed in the bearings (3).

4. The butterfly converter, in accordance with points 1 to 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y the fact, that the pins (2) are located on at least one flywheel (7), which is connected with the shaft (1).

P, The butterfly converter, in accordance with points 1 to 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y the fact, that the pins (2) are located between two butterfly elements (4), which are connected with the shaft (1).

6. The butterfly converter, in accordance with points 1 to 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y the fact, that the pins (2) are located on the shoulders (6), which are connected with the shaft (1).

7. The butterfly converter, in accordance with points 1 to 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y the fact, that the butterfly element (4) is connected with one piston rod (10) .

8. The butterfly converter, in accordance with points 1 to 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y the fact, that the butterfly element (4) is connected with two piston rods (10), placed on opposite sides of the butterfly element (4) .

9. The butterfly converter, in accordance with points 1 to 8, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y the fact, that it enables serial arrangement of butterfly converters on one shaft (1) under various angle.

10. The butterfly converter, in accordance with points 1 to 9, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y the fact, that it enables closing the bottom of the cylinder (10) of the piston-type internal combustion engine by means of the flange (14) with the packing (15), thus provides its separation from the converter.