WO1998019609A1 - Surgical tubular cutter having a tapering cutting chamber - Google Patents
Surgical tubular cutter having a tapering cutting chamber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998019609A1 WO1998019609A1 PCT/US1997/019723 US9719723W WO9819609A1 WO 1998019609 A1 WO1998019609 A1 WO 1998019609A1 US 9719723 W US9719723 W US 9719723W WO 9819609 A1 WO9819609 A1 WO 9819609A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aperture
- chamber
- tip
- tubular
- lumen
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 68
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002271 resection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004872 soft tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002357 endometrial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004696 endometrium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001839 endoscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000629 knee joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002357 laparoscopic surgery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012978 minimally invasive surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000115 thoracic cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004291 uterus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320016—Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes
- A61B17/32002—Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes with continuously rotating, oscillating or reciprocating cutting instruments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2217/00—General characteristics of surgical instruments
- A61B2217/002—Auxiliary appliance
- A61B2217/005—Auxiliary appliance with suction drainage system
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to surgical Devices, and in particular, provides a tubular surgical cutter having a tapering cutting chamber to help ensure that tissues which are severed by the cutter can be aspirated without clogging .
- Arthroscopic and endoscopic surgical techniques often involve manipulating a cutting probe through a small incision or body orifice.
- arthroscopic knee surgery typically involves manually positioning the distal end of a probe against a tissue to be cut, typically against a meniscus in the knee joint.
- the piece of meniscus that is to be trimmed protrudes into an aperture formed in an outer tubular structure of the probe.
- An inner tubular structure rotates within this outer tube.
- the inner tube includes a chopping edge which sweeps by the outer aperture.
- the meniscus or any other hard or soft tissues which protrude into the aperture
- tubular surgical cutters and methods for their use and fabrication which would reduce the likelihood that severed tissue would clog the probe. It would further be desirable if such enhanced cutter structures and methods could be easily combined with known arthroscopic, endoscopic, and resection probes, particularly if these improved cutter structures did not significantly increase the probe costs.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,850,354 describes a surgical cutting instrument in which an outer tube has first and second cutting edges which define a corner, one of the cutting edges optionally being disposed along a distal conical section and the other being disposed along a proximal cylindrical section of the cutting tube.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,646,738 describes a rotary surgical tool in which an aperture on a cylindrical outer tubular member gives the tool a sloping profile.
- the present invention provides tubular surgical cutters generally having conical or other tapering cutting chamber shapes along substantially the entire length of their cutting apertures.
- tissues which are drawn into such a conical chamber and severed from the adjacent tissue are quite easily drawn proximally by an aspiration flow, substantially reducing the likelihood that the severed fragments will clog the cutter mechanism.
- This simple adaptation of existing tubular cutters allows relatively aggressive aperture sizes and high aspiration rates to be applied, maximizing the amount of tissue which can be removed from an internal surgical site for a given cutter size.
- an inner cutting tube having an orifice which is smaller than that of the outer cutting tube limits the size of tissue fragments entrained within the cutting chamber, further reducing the possibility that those fragments will clog the aspiration lumen and interrupt the tissue removal process.
- the present invention provides a tubular surgical cutter comprising a tubular body having a proximal end, a distal end, and a lumen therebetween.
- An outer tip extends distally from the distal end of the tube, and has an aperture and an inner surface bordering a chamber.
- the chamber is in communication with the lumen of the tube and the aperture.
- An inner tip is rotatably disposed within the chamber of the outer tip, and has an inner surface bordering a chamber and one or more apertures which cooperate with the aperture of the outer tip to sever tissues which protrude into the chamber when the inner tip rotates.
- the chamber of the inner tip receives the tissue along an axial cutting zone when the inner and outer apertures align.
- a cross-sectional radius of the chamber of either the inner tip or the outer tip decreases distally substantially throughout the axial cutting zone .
- an inner tubular member generally extends proximally from the inner tip, the inner tube having an inner lumen with a cross-section which is larger than that of the inner chamber adjacent the cutting zone.
- the present invention provides a tubular surgical cutter comprising an outer member which includes a tubular body and a tapered tip.
- the tube has a proximal end, a distal end, and a lumen extending therebetween, while the tapered tip extends distally from the distal end of the tube, and includes an aperture and an inner surface bordering a chamber.
- the chamber tapers substantially continuously from a large proximal radius to a small distal radius.
- the chamber is in communication with the lumen of the tube and with the aperture.
- An inner member is rotatably disposed within the lumen and the chamber of the outer member.
- the inner member comprises a tubular body having a proximal and distal end with a lumen therebetween.
- a tapered tip again extends distally from the distal end of the tube, the tip having an aperture and an inner surface bordering a chamber which tapers substantially continuously from a large proximal radius to a small distal radius.
- the chamber is in communication with the lumen of the tube and the aperture.
- the apertures of the outer member and the inner member cooperate to sever tissues along an axial cutting zone when the inner member rotates.
- the large radius of the tapered inner and outer tips are disposed proximally of the axial cutting zone to prevent the severed tissue from clogging the tube when the severed tissue is aspirated proximally.
- the present invention provides a tubular surgical cutter comprising an outer tube having a proximal end, a distal end, and a lumen therebetween.
- An outer tip extends distally from the distal end of the outer tube, the outer tip having an aperture and an inner surface bordering a chamber.
- the chamber is in communication with the lumen of the outer tube and the aperture.
- An inner tip is rotatably disposed within the chamber of the outer tip, the inner tip having an inner surface bordering a chamber and a aperture which cooperates with the aperture of the outer tip to sever tissues which protrude into the chamber when the inner tip rotates.
- the chamber of the inner tip receives the tissues along an axial cutting zone when the inner and outer apertures align, and the aperture of the inner tip is smaller than the aperture of the outer tip to avoid severing large tissue fragments which would clog the lumen of the inner tube.
- the present invention provides a method for fabricating a clog-resistant tubular surgical cutter, the method comprising fabricating a first tubular member with a first tapering region near a distal end.
- the first tapering region decreases in radius distally from a cylindrical region.
- a second tubular member is fabricated with a second tapering region near a distal end, the second tapering region decreasing in radius distally from a cylindrical region.
- the second tubular member is rotatably mounted within the first tubular member, so that the first tapering region aligns axially with the second tapering region.
- Apertures are formed through the first and second tapering regions distally of the cylindrical region for severing tissues which protrude through the apertures when the second tubular member rotates.
- the present invention provides a method for severing and removing tissues from an internal surgical site, the method comprising protruding the tissue through an aperture into a chamber.
- the chamber tapers substantially continuously along the aperture from a large proximal radius to a small distal radius.
- the protruding tissues are severed between the aperture and a cooperating cutting edge, and the severed tissues are aspirated proximally from adjacent the small radius and past the large radius to avoid clogging.
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a tubular surgical cutter having a conical cutting chamber, according to the principles of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is an exploded drawing of the tubular surgical cutter of Fig. 1, showing the conical cutting chamber shapes of both the inner and outer tubular members .
- Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view through both the inner and outer tubular members of the tubular surgical cutter of Fig. 1.
- Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate an alternative embodiment of a tubular surgical cutter according to the principles of the present invention.
- the present invention will find applications in a wide variety of minimally invasive surgical procedures for the severing and/or removal of tissues from an internal surgical site.
- the tubular surgical cutters and methods of the present invention will find use in arthroscopy, laparoscopy, endoscopy, and hysteroscopy, for the severing and/or removal of tissues of the joints, the internal body organs, and the linings of the body cavities for a wide variety of minimally invasive surgical therapies.
- the tubular surgical cutters of the present invention can be used to sever tissues directly from these internal surgical sites, or may alternatively be used to morcellate and evacuate tissues which have been severed from the adjacent structures using an electrosurgical cutting/coagulation wire as described in co-pending U.S.
- Patent Application Serial No. 08/542,289 filed October 12, 1995 (Attorney Docket No. 16944-000130) , previously incorporated herein by reference.
- the present tubular surgical cutters can be used to remove a wide variety of debris fragment sizes released by such vaporization, as can be understood with reference to U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 08/ , , filed October 16,
- a tubular surgical cutter 10 comprises an outer member 12 and an inner member 14.
- Each of the members generally includes a cylindrical tubular body 16 having a proximal end (not shown), a distal end 18, and a lumen 20 extending therebetween.
- a tapered tip 22 extends distally from each of the tubular bodies, and an aperture 24 is cut through each distal tip.
- the apertures will align to allow tissues to protrude into the tapering tips, and will thereafter slide past each other to sever those tissues, leaving the severed fragment within the inner tubular member for aspiration proximally through tubular surgical cutter 10.
- two or more apertures may be provided on the inner member. However, this will impose additional features on the inner surface of the inner member which may retain the tissue fragments in the cutting chamber, thereby clogging the cutter.
- the distal tapered tips 22 extend proximally of the apertures 24, so that the entire aperture is disposed distally of the cylindrical tubular bodies 16.
- the entire distal tip tapers continuously from a relatively large cross- section adjacent tubular body 16 to a small cross-section adjacent the distal most portion of aperture 24. This geometry helps ensure that the tissue fragments will be free to move proximally through the lumen of the tubular surgical cutter.
- the tapered shape of distal tip 22 defines a tapered chamber 26 within the inner tubular member as shown.
- a similar tapered chamber is defined by the inner surface of the distal tip of the outer tubular member.
- the shape of the inner chamber may limit the size of tissue fragments which will be accepted by the tubular surgical cutter, while the size and shape of the outer chamber may determine where the tissue fragment will be severed, as tissue severing will be provided by a shearing action between the adjacent apertures.
- exemplary embodiments will include distal tips having tapered chambers for both the inner and outer members .
- distal tips 22 will preferably comprise conical surfaces having continuous tapers adjacent the apertures 24.
- only a relatively shallow taper angle a is required, so that distally oriented optical scopes will still have a good field of view for directing the severing and removal of tissues.
- taper angle a is between about 2 and 25°.
- the inner surface of the inner tubular member defines a chamber which tapers from a relatively large cross-section 30 adjacent the cylindrical tubular bodies, to a much smaller cross-section 32 at the distal end of the effective aperture.
- the effective aperture is substantially defined by the inner tubular member 14, so that only tissue which is disposed adjacent a tissue cutting zone 34 will protrude into the inner chamber, and will be severed when the inner tubular member rotates.
- the aperture to the outer tubular member defines a significantly larger open zone 36.
- Such a cutter can enhance the overall speed of a tissue removal procedure by eliminating or reducing clogging.
- the small axial cutting zone does decrease the ability of the tubular surgical cutter to grab and hold previously severed tissues when previously severed tissue is to be morcellated and extracted.
- the inner surface of at least the outer tip will comprise a surface of revolution to allow the inner tip to rotate therein.
- both the inner and outer chambers will comprise bodies of revolution.
- the radii 38 defining these bodies of revolution will decrease distally throughout the axial cutting zone 34.
- tubular bodies 16 typically providing an aspiration lumen having a cross-section with a radius 40 which is larger than the radius throughout the cutting zone. This helps ensure that tissues which move proximally from the cutting zone will continue to move proximally without blocking or clogging the tubular surgical cutter.
- an increased gap 42 will be provided between the inner and outer tubular members to reduce friction, ideally without decreasing the aspiration path lumen as the tissue fragments move proximally.
- the smaller aperture provided on the inner tubular member relative to the outer tubular member can reduce clogging of tubular surgical cutters which do not include the conical cutting chamber of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the inner aperture may be smaller in open area, axial length, or transverse width than the aperture of the outer tubular member, ideally being smaller in all three dimensions. Surprisingly, this may result in tubular surgical cutters in which the inner member protrudes through the aperture of the outer member when viewed from the side, even when the apertures are aligned.
- the inner and outer tubular members are formed with a closed tapering distal tip.
- tapering tips may be welded on tubular bodies, or a distal end can be welded or formed on the distal end of a cylindrical tubular body, and the distal portion of the cylindrical body drawn axially to taper its cross-section.
- the apertures can then be cut (which here includes grinding) through the tapered distal portion, leaving the cylindrical body substantially intact.
- the inner and outer apertures are formed separately to provide a larger outer aperture, as described above.
- Inner tubular member 14 is then rotatably mounted within outer tubular member 12, as is generally known in the art .
- an alternative tubular surgical cutter 50 includes tapering cutting chambers and a smaller aperture on the inner member, as described above. Additionally, inner member 14 here has a scalloped aperture 52 to provide one or more gripping points 54. These gripping points help to hold tissue in position for severing, and thereby provide a more aggressive cutting action. The points also prevent the tissue from slipping axially from between the cooperating aperture edges. Such points may be produced by a triangular sawtooth (rather than scalloped) aperture, or by a variety of alternative shapes.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97913897A EP1006897A4 (en) | 1996-11-01 | 1997-10-30 | Surgical tubular cutter having a tapering cutting chamber |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US2953796P | 1996-11-01 | 1996-11-01 | |
US60/029,537 | 1996-11-01 | ||
US08/746,541 US5741287A (en) | 1996-11-01 | 1996-11-13 | Surgical tubular cutter having a tapering cutting chamber |
US08/746,541 | 1996-11-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998019609A1 true WO1998019609A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
Family
ID=26705051
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1997/019723 WO1998019609A1 (en) | 1996-11-01 | 1997-10-30 | Surgical tubular cutter having a tapering cutting chamber |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5741287A (en) |
EP (1) | EP1006897A4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998019609A1 (en) |
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GB2335860A (en) * | 1998-03-30 | 1999-10-06 | Hewlett Packard Co | Apparatus and method for incising |
US8197423B2 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2012-06-12 | Pelikan Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue |
US8690796B2 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2014-04-08 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue |
US8845550B2 (en) | 2001-06-12 | 2014-09-30 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Tissue penetration device |
US8845549B2 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2014-09-30 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Method for penetrating tissue |
US8905945B2 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2014-12-09 | Dominique M. Freeman | Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue |
US8945910B2 (en) | 2003-09-29 | 2015-02-03 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Method and apparatus for an improved sample capture device |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1006897A1 (en) | 2000-06-14 |
EP1006897A4 (en) | 2001-10-24 |
US5741287A (en) | 1998-04-21 |
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