WO1998019053A1 - Rocker or idler arm for the timing gear of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Rocker or idler arm for the timing gear of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998019053A1
WO1998019053A1 PCT/EP1997/004370 EP9704370W WO9819053A1 WO 1998019053 A1 WO1998019053 A1 WO 1998019053A1 EP 9704370 W EP9704370 W EP 9704370W WO 9819053 A1 WO9819053 A1 WO 9819053A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rocker arm
support element
rocker
combustion engine
internal combustion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1997/004370
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Emil Hacker
Peter Sailer
Ernst Strian
Original Assignee
INA Wälzlager Schaeffler oHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INA Wälzlager Schaeffler oHG filed Critical INA Wälzlager Schaeffler oHG
Priority to DE19781214T priority Critical patent/DE19781214D2/en
Publication of WO1998019053A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998019053A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/185—Overhead end-pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/2405—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically by means of a hydraulic adjusting device located between the cylinder head and rocker arm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L2001/187—Clips, e.g. for retaining rocker arm on pivot
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rocker arm or rocker arm for a valve train of an internal combustion engine, which has at one end a spherical recess by means of which it is pivotally mounted relative to a spherical end of a support element, while its other end is operatively connected to a gas exchange valve.
  • the invention has for its object to manufacture the generic valve train with actuating lever and support element so that wear is reduced.
  • this object is achieved according to the characterizing part of claim 1 in that the spherical end of the support element and / or the dome-shaped recess of the rocker arm or finger lever have a contact surface with more than 10% carbide content.
  • carbides are understood to mean the mixed carbides of iron with the alloying elements such as chromium or manganese. Due to the carbide content, an appropriate choice of materials is made between the partners involved, which reduces adhesive and / or abrasive wear. This is particularly true for a valve train that must operate under the conditions of insufficient lubrication, i. H. Such a selection of materials is particularly resistant to thermomechanical stresses.
  • the carbides are embedded in a predominantly martensitic matrix and, in addition to increasing wear resistance, also provide an additional support effect for the matrix. In addition, such a carbide-rich matrix has increased tempering resistance, i. H. the loss of hardness caused by the frictional heating is shifted towards higher temperatures.
  • the carbide portion should be in globular form, ie with the greatest possible avoidance of a carbide network.
  • the carbide separates out along the boundaries and thus causes an embrittling effect.
  • the residual austenite should be below 50%, preferably below 30%. This is due to the fact that residual austenite is a relatively soft structural component and therefore its proportions must be limited. An increased residual austenite content can, however, reduce the abrasive wear, so that it is adjusted accordingly depending on the wear mechanism acting.
  • the rocker arm or finger follower or the support element can be made from a case hardening steel, a low-lying steel or a high-alloy steel. With all of the iron alloys mentioned, the corresponding carbide content can be adjusted without problems.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a side view of a valve train, partially in section.
  • the valve drive shown in Figures 1 and 2 consists of a rocker arm 1, which has a dome-shaped recess 2 on the left side, in which a support element 3 with a piston with a spherical end 4 is arranged.
  • the rocker arm 1 On the right side, the rocker arm 1 is operatively connected to a gas exchange valve 5, a roller-mounted roller 6 being provided as a cam counter-rotor in its central part.
  • the piston of the support element 3 has an undercut 7 under its spherical end 4, in which a connecting element designed as a sheet metal holding clamp 8 engages.
  • an assembly consisting of rocker arm 1 and support element 3 is realized by the sheet metal holding bracket 8.
  • the two figures show the top and bottom dead center of a valve train. It is understandable that at several thousand revolutions per minute there is considerable susceptibility to wear between the dome-shaped recess 2 of the rocker arm 1 and the spherical end 4 of the support element 3 if no appropriate precautions are taken.
  • a support element 3 is made of a steel of the brand 16 MnCr 5, ie with 0.16% carbon, 1.25% manganese and 1.25% chromium. This support element 3 is subjected to a two-hour case hardening at approximately 900 °. After quenching in an oil bath, the contact surface of the spherical end 4 had a carbon content of 1.5% with 25% carbide content and 30% residual austenite.

Abstract

The invention concerns a rocker or idler arm (1) for the timing gear of an internal combustion engine, the rocker or idler arm having at one end a cup-shaped recess (2) by means of which it is mounted so as to pivot with respect to a spherical end (4) of a support element (3), while its other end is operatively connected to a gas-exchange valve (5). According to the invention, the spherical end (4) of the support element (3) and/or the cup-shaped recess (2) of the rocker or idler arm (1) have (has) a contact face comprising more than 10 % carbide. In this way, the timing gear is rendered particularly wear-resistant.

Description

Kipp- oder Schlepphebel für einen Ventiltrieb einer BrennkraftmaschineRocker or rocker arm for a valve train of an internal combustion engine
Anwendungsgebiet der ErfindungField of application of the invention
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kipp- oder Schlepphebel für einen Ventiltrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine, wobei dieser an einem Ende eine kalottenförmige Aussparung aufweist, mittels der er gegenüber einem sphärischen Ende eines Abstützelementes schwenkbeweglich gelagert ist, während sein anderes Ende mit einem Gaswechselventil in Wirkverbindung steht.The invention relates to a rocker arm or rocker arm for a valve train of an internal combustion engine, which has at one end a spherical recess by means of which it is pivotally mounted relative to a spherical end of a support element, while its other end is operatively connected to a gas exchange valve.
Hintergrund der ErfindungBackground of the Invention
Ein derartiger Schlepphebel ist beispielhaft in der US 35 42 001 vorbeschrieben. Nachteilig dabei ist, daß durch die Reibung zwischen Abstützelement und kalottenförmiger Aussparung, d. h. einer Reibung Stahl-Stahl ein erheblicher Verschleiß auftreten kann, der die Lebensdauer eines solchen Ventiltriebs verringert. Dieser Verschleiß, d. h. die bei Dauerbeanspruchung von sich berührenden Partnern auftretenden Abnutzungserscheinungen, im allgemeinen die unerwünschte Veränderung der Oberfläche durch Lostrennen kleinster Teilchen infolge mechanischer bzw. tribologischer Ursachen, hat man dadurch zu mindern versucht, daß man die beteiligten Partner einer thermischen bzw. thermisch-chemischen Behandlung zur Erzielung bestimmter Eigenschaften unterworfen hat. So ist es beispielsweise üblich, derartige Teile einer Einsatzhärtung zu unterwerfen. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß trotz der dabei erzielten Oberflächenhärten von > 700 HV bei hohen Kontaktpressungen nach wie vor ein massiver Verschleiß eintritt. Zusammenfassug der ErfindungSuch a rocker arm is described by way of example in US 35 42 001. The disadvantage here is that due to the friction between the support element and the dome-shaped recess, ie a steel-steel friction, considerable wear can occur which reduces the service life of such a valve train. This wear, ie the wear and tear that occurs when the partners are in contact with one another, in general the undesirable change in the surface due to separation of the smallest particles due to mechanical or tribological causes, has been attempted to be reduced by giving the partners involved a thermal or thermal has undergone chemical treatment to achieve certain properties. For example, it is customary to subject such parts to case hardening. However, it has been shown that despite the surface hardness of> 700 HV achieved in this way, massive wear still occurs at high contact pressures. Summary of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den gattungsgemäßen Ventiltrieb mit Betätigungshebel und Abstützelement so zu fertigen, daß ein Verschleiß ver- mindert wird.The invention has for its object to manufacture the generic valve train with actuating lever and support element so that wear is reduced.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe nach dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 dadurch gelöst, daß das sphärische Ende des Abstützelementes und/oder die kalottenförmige Aussparung des Kipp- oder Schlepphebels eine Kontaktfläche mit mehr als 10 % Karbidanteil aufweisen.According to the invention this object is achieved according to the characterizing part of claim 1 in that the spherical end of the support element and / or the dome-shaped recess of the rocker arm or finger lever have a contact surface with more than 10% carbide content.
Unter Karbiden sind dabei je nach verwendeter Eisenlegierung die Mischkarbide des Eisens mit den Legierungselementen wie beispielsweise Chrom oder Mangan zu verstehen. Durch den Karbidgehalt wird zwischen den beteiligten Partner eine zweckmäßige Werkstoffauswahl getroffen, die den adhäsiven und/oder abrasiven Verschleiß vermindert. Dies trifft dabei insbesondere für einen Ventiltrieb zu, der unter den Bedingungen einer Mangelschmierung arbeiten muß, d. h. eine solche Werkstoffauswahl ist besonders resistent gegen thermomechanische Beanspruchungen. Die Karbide sind in eine überwiegend martensitische Matrix eingebettet und bewirken neben der Erhöhung der Verschleißfestigkeit auch einen zusätzlichen Stützeffekt der Matrix. Außerdem hat eine solche karbidreiche Matrix eine erhöhte Anlaßbeständigkeit, d. h. der durch die Reiberwärmung eintretende Härteverlust wird zu höheren Temperaturen hin verschoben.Depending on the iron alloy used, carbides are understood to mean the mixed carbides of iron with the alloying elements such as chromium or manganese. Due to the carbide content, an appropriate choice of materials is made between the partners involved, which reduces adhesive and / or abrasive wear. This is particularly true for a valve train that must operate under the conditions of insufficient lubrication, i. H. Such a selection of materials is particularly resistant to thermomechanical stresses. The carbides are embedded in a predominantly martensitic matrix and, in addition to increasing wear resistance, also provide an additional support effect for the matrix. In addition, such a carbide-rich matrix has increased tempering resistance, i. H. the loss of hardness caused by the frictional heating is shifted towards higher temperatures.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungen sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Further advantageous designs are described in the subclaims.
So ist nach Anspruch 2 vorgesehen, daß der Karbidanteil in globularer Form, d. h. unter weitestgehender Vermeidung eines Karbidnetzwerkes vorliegen soll. Bei einem Karbidnetzwerk scheidet sich das Karbid entlang der Kongrenzen aus und verursacht so eine versprödende Wirkung. Aus Anspruch 3 ist ersichtlich, daß der Restaustenit unter 50 %, vorzugsweise unter 30 % liegen soll. Dies hängt damit zusammen, daß Restaustenit ein relativ weicher Gefügebestandteil ist und demzufolge in seinen Anteilen zu begrenzen ist. Ein erhöhter Restaustenitgehalt kann aber den abrasiven Verschleiß reduzie- ren, so daß er je nach wirkendem Verschleißmechanismus entsprechend eingestellt wird.It is provided according to claim 2 that the carbide portion should be in globular form, ie with the greatest possible avoidance of a carbide network. In a carbide network, the carbide separates out along the boundaries and thus causes an embrittling effect. From claim 3 it can be seen that the residual austenite should be below 50%, preferably below 30%. This is due to the fact that residual austenite is a relatively soft structural component and therefore its proportions must be limited. An increased residual austenite content can, however, reduce the abrasive wear, so that it is adjusted accordingly depending on the wear mechanism acting.
Schließlich ist aus Anspruch 4 erkennbar, daß der Kipp- oder Schlepphebel bzw. das Abstützelement aus einem Einsatzstahl, einem niedrig geliegerten Stahl oder einem hochlegierten Stahl gefertigt werden kann. Bei allen genannten Eisenlegierungen ist die problemlose Einstellung des entsprechenden Karbidgehaltes möglich.Finally, it can be seen from claim 4 that the rocker arm or finger follower or the support element can be made from a case hardening steel, a low-lying steel or a high-alloy steel. With all of the iron alloys mentioned, the corresponding carbide content can be adjusted without problems.
Die Erfindung wird an nachstehendem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail using the following exemplary embodiment.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
Die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen eine Seitenansicht eines Ventiltriebes, teilweise geschnitten.Figures 1 and 2 show a side view of a valve train, partially in section.
Ausführliche Beschreibung der ZeichnungenDetailed description of the drawings
Der in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellte Ventiltrieb besteht aus einem Schlepphebel 1 , der linksseitig eine kalottenförmige Aussparung 2 aufweist, in der ein Abstützelement 3 mit einem Kolben mit sphärischem Ende 4 angeordnet ist. Rechtsseitig steht der Schlepphebel 1 mit einem Gaswechselventil 5 in Wirkverbindung, wobei in seinem Mittelteil eine wälzgelagerte Rolle 6 als Nockengegenläufer vorhanden ist. Der Kolben des Abstützelementes 3 weist unter seinem sphärischen Ende 4 einen Hinterstich 7 auf, in dem ein als Blechhalte- klammer 8 ausgebildetes Verbindungselement eingreift. Auf diese Weise wird durch die Blechhalteklammer 8 eine aus Schlepphebel 1 und Abstützelement 3 bestehende Baueinheit realisiert. Die beiden Figuren zeigen den oberen bzw. unteren Totpunkt eines Ventiltriebes. Es ist verständlich, daß bei mehreren tausend Umdrehungen pro Minute eine erhebliche Verschleißanfälligkeit zwischen kalottenförmiger Aussparung 2 des Schlepphebels 1 und sphärischen Ende 4 des Abstützelementes 3 gegeben ist, wenn keine entsprechende Vorsorge getroffen wird.The valve drive shown in Figures 1 and 2 consists of a rocker arm 1, which has a dome-shaped recess 2 on the left side, in which a support element 3 with a piston with a spherical end 4 is arranged. On the right side, the rocker arm 1 is operatively connected to a gas exchange valve 5, a roller-mounted roller 6 being provided as a cam counter-rotor in its central part. The piston of the support element 3 has an undercut 7 under its spherical end 4, in which a connecting element designed as a sheet metal holding clamp 8 engages. In this way, an assembly consisting of rocker arm 1 and support element 3 is realized by the sheet metal holding bracket 8. The two figures show the top and bottom dead center of a valve train. It is understandable that at several thousand revolutions per minute there is considerable susceptibility to wear between the dome-shaped recess 2 of the rocker arm 1 and the spherical end 4 of the support element 3 if no appropriate precautions are taken.
Ein Abstützelement 3 ist aus einem Stahl der Marke 16 MnCr 5, d. h. mit 0, 16 % Kohlenstoff, 1 ,25 % Mangan und 1 ,25 % Chrom, gefertigt. Dieses Abstützelement 3 wird bei ca. 900° einem zweistündigen Einsatzhärten unterworfen. Nach Abschrecken in einem Ölbad hatte die Kontaktfläche des sphärischen Endes 4 einen Kohlenstoffgehalt von 1 ,5 % bei 25 % Karbidanteil und 30 % Restaustenit. A support element 3 is made of a steel of the brand 16 MnCr 5, ie with 0.16% carbon, 1.25% manganese and 1.25% chromium. This support element 3 is subjected to a two-hour case hardening at approximately 900 °. After quenching in an oil bath, the contact surface of the spherical end 4 had a carbon content of 1.5% with 25% carbide content and 30% residual austenite.
Bezugszeichenreference numeral
1 Schlepphebel1 rocker arm
2 kalottenförmige Aussparung2 dome-shaped recess
3 Abstützelement3 support element
4 sphärisches Ende4 spherical end
5 Gaswechselventil 6 Rolle5 gas exchange valve 6 roller
7 Hinterstich7 backstitch
8 Blechhalteklammer 8 sheet metal bracket

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Kipp- oder Schlepphebel (1) für einen Ventiltrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine, wobei dieser an einem Ende eine kalottenförmige Aussparung (2) aufweist, mittels der er gegenüber einem sphärischen Ende (4) eines Abstützelementes (3) schwenkbeweglich gelagert ist, während sein anderes Ende mit einem Gaswech- selventil (5) in Wirkverbindung steht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das sphärische Ende (4) des Abstützelementes (3) und/oder die kalottenförmige Aussparung (2) des Kipp- oder Schlepphebels (1 ) eine Kontaktfläche mit mehr als 10 % Karbidanteil aufweisen.1. rocker arm or rocker arm (1) for a valve train of an internal combustion engine, which has at one end a spherical recess (2), by means of which it is pivotally mounted relative to a spherical end (4) of a support element (3), while the other End is in operative connection with a gas exchange valve (5), characterized in that the spherical end (4) of the support element (3) and / or the spherical recess (2) of the rocker arm or finger lever (1) has a contact surface with more than Have 10% carbide content.
2. Kipp- oder Schlepphebell (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Karbidanteil in globularer Form, d. h. unter weitestgehender Vermeidung eines Karbidnetzwerkes vorliegt.2. rocker arm or drag lever (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the carbide portion in globular form, d. H. with the greatest possible avoidance of a carbide network.
3. Kipp- oder Schlepphebel (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Restaustenitgehalt unter 50 %, vorzugsweise unter 30 % liegt.3. rocker arm or finger lever (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the residual austenite content is below 50%, preferably below 30%.
4. Kipp- oder Schlepphebel (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er bzw. das Abstützelement (3) aus einem Einsatzstahl, einem niedrig legiertem Stahl oder einem hochlegierten Stahl besteht. 4. rocker arm or rocker arm (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it or the support element (3) consists of a case hardening steel, a low-alloy steel or a high-alloy steel.
PCT/EP1997/004370 1996-10-25 1997-08-12 Rocker or idler arm for the timing gear of an internal combustion engine WO1998019053A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19781214T DE19781214D2 (en) 1996-10-25 1997-08-12 Rocker arm or rocker arm for a valve train of an internal combustion engine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19644374A DE19644374A1 (en) 1996-10-25 1996-10-25 Rocker or rocker arm for a valve train of an internal combustion engine
DE19644374.1 1996-10-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998019053A1 true WO1998019053A1 (en) 1998-05-07

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PCT/EP1997/004370 WO1998019053A1 (en) 1996-10-25 1997-08-12 Rocker or idler arm for the timing gear of an internal combustion engine

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WO (1) WO1998019053A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003056315A (en) * 2001-08-22 2003-02-26 Ntn Corp Roller-equipped cam follower
EP1482190B1 (en) * 2003-05-27 2012-12-05 Nissan Motor Company Limited Rolling element
DE102004005831A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-08-25 Ina-Schaeffler Kg Connecting device for an actuating lever and a support element of a valve control of an internal combustion engine
DE102004037274A1 (en) * 2004-07-31 2006-02-16 Ina-Schaeffler Kg Surface design for assigned area of machine part for internal combustion engine has striation, for intake of lubricant, whose grooves are aligned under predetermined angle diagonal to longitudinal direction of occurred friction torque
CN103939161B (en) * 2014-04-16 2016-08-03 杭州新坐标科技股份有限公司 For connecting the bulb card of roller rock arm and hydraulic tappet

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3542001A (en) 1968-10-25 1970-11-24 Eaton Yale & Towne Hydraulic lifter with lash compensator
US4870931A (en) * 1987-05-30 1989-10-03 Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Rocker arm having wear resistant scuffing resistant portion
EP0423832A1 (en) * 1989-10-20 1991-04-24 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Rocker arm made from high chrome cast iron

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2506333B2 (en) * 1986-03-12 1996-06-12 日産自動車株式会社 Abrasion resistant iron-based sintered alloy

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3542001A (en) 1968-10-25 1970-11-24 Eaton Yale & Towne Hydraulic lifter with lash compensator
US4870931A (en) * 1987-05-30 1989-10-03 Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Rocker arm having wear resistant scuffing resistant portion
EP0423832A1 (en) * 1989-10-20 1991-04-24 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Rocker arm made from high chrome cast iron

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Publication number Publication date
DE19781214D2 (en) 2000-01-05
DE19644374A1 (en) 1998-04-30

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