WO1998006253A1 - Net pen system - Google Patents

Net pen system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998006253A1
WO1998006253A1 PCT/NO1997/000204 NO9700204W WO9806253A1 WO 1998006253 A1 WO1998006253 A1 WO 1998006253A1 NO 9700204 W NO9700204 W NO 9700204W WO 9806253 A1 WO9806253 A1 WO 9806253A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
net
additional
net bottom
ropes
frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1997/000204
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Magne Bolstad
Original Assignee
Engelsen, Rolf
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Engelsen, Rolf filed Critical Engelsen, Rolf
Priority to AU39546/97A priority Critical patent/AU3954697A/en
Priority to GB9902906A priority patent/GB2331690B/en
Publication of WO1998006253A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998006253A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to a net pen system, especially for area demanding aquatic organisms.
  • Net pen systems are designed according to the type of organism to be farmed, which sometimes requires net pen systems enclosing large volumes and sometimes requires net pen systems providing large area to lay on.
  • Volume demanding fish types are for example salmon, trout and codfish, whereas turbot, hirame, halibut, catfish and prawns can be mentioned among the area demanding types.
  • the area demanding types are bottom animals which means that they lie on the bottom or another layer most of the time.
  • traditional net pen systems the function of the net is to provide an enclosure for the fish, such as for salmon and corresponding species.
  • Such net pen systems are not at all suitable for area demanding species as such fishes are depending on staying on a firm layer in addition to being enclosed by a net.
  • net pen systems being developed specifically for farming volume demanding species are designed at lowest possible cost per volume unit. This provides large volumes, however absolutely no firm bottom area. For farming area demanding species, however, the aim is to develop farms having the lowest possible cost per area unit.
  • farm area demanding species in net pen systems Even if the traditional net pen systems have been developed for volume demanding fish.
  • an additional fixed net bottom above a frame has been introduced.
  • Such systems are known from many countries, they do, however, have major operational disadvantages in connection with cleaning, collection of fish, replacement of the net and so on. Additionally large investments and substantial operation cost are needed for known embodiments .
  • the net pen system according to the present invention avoids these problems connected with the known traditional net pen systems for bottom fish and provide additionally several substantial advantages. This is achieved with the net pen system according to the present invention as defined by the features stated in the claims.
  • figure 1 schematically a vertical diagonal section of the net pen system
  • figure 2 discloses a ground view of the shelf
  • figure 3 discloses schematically the inner ring of the shelf framework
  • figure 4 discloses schematically in a perspective view the structure of the net pen system.
  • the floating frame 1 may have any shape, such as square, circular, rectangular, hexa- or octagonal. Figure 1 discloses however a rectangular floating frame 1.
  • protrusions 2 extend horizontally outwardly from the floating frame 1 in a suitable number, depending on the size of the floating frame.
  • An additional net bottom 4 somewhat smaller than the area of the floating frame 1, is inserted near the net bottom 12. From several places along the circumference of the floating frame 1 or in a rectangular shaped frame, at least from every corner of the additional net bottom 4, weights 5 are secured. Ropes extend from the outer ends of the protrusions 2 to the securement points for the weights 5 of the additional net bottom 4. In the centre of the additional net bottom 4 a rope 8 is secured, extending from the net bottom 4 to the surface and here being secured to a buoy 9. The rope 8 with the buoy 9 thereby lifts the middle of the additional net bottom 4 to substantially the same level as the outermost parts of the additional net bottom 4. The horizontal resultant of the force components maintain the additional net bottom 4 firm and substantially horizontal, well adapted for bottom fish to lay on.
  • the horizontal, outwardly directed resultant force is a result of the downwardly directed force of the weight 5 from the securement point of the additional net bottom 4 to the net, inside the floating frame 1 and the outwardly and upwardly directed force through the rope from the securement points to points outside the additional net bottom 4, such as enlarged s frame 1 or the protrusions 2.
  • the ropes down to the additional net bottom 4 may be provided above the pipes of the floating frame 1 in case such pipes have sufficiently large diameter. The net then will hang down from the o inner side of the floating frame 1 and the ropes down to the additional net bottom 4 will hang down from the outside of the floating frame. In this way also sufficient angle of the rope may be achieved in relation to the vertical plane, so that the outwardly directed horizontal drag will be sufficient.
  • the basic farming area consists of the firm additional bottom 4. It is according to the present invention suggested with simple means to increase the available farming area further. Above the additional net bottom 4 is according to the present invention suggested to lower at least one shelf frame 3 as 0 indicated in figure 1.
  • Each shelf frame 3 is preferably made of perforated pipes with inserted stiffening pipes 7. Above the entire shelf frame 3 is arranged a net 6.
  • the shelf frame 3 is suspended in the corners of the floating frame 1 and comprising centre and aperture 10 having a cross and a centre guide 11 5 through which the rope 8 extend with small clearance.
  • the buoyancy of the buoy 9 is such in relation to the weight of the net bottom 4 that the rope 8 has a very high tension, the rope 8 thereby providing a strong and substantially fixed vertical reference line for the shelf frame or frames 3.
  • the additional bottom 4 and the net 6 on the shelf 5 frame 3 are adapted in such a way that the fish may distribute and lay down. There is no hindrance what so ever to arrange a several shelf frames 3 above each other, having separate rope devices or connected with the lowermost.
  • the net pen system according to the present invention is operated very simply, for example the shelf or shelves 3 may o very easily be lifted to the surface. Likewise it is very easy and quick to lift and lower the net with the additional net bottom 4 for cleaning, picking fish and possible replacement.
  • the present invention also can be used in large net pen system which already are in use today, which means net pen s systems covering very large surface areas. In such systems it may be used two or more ropes 8 being secured in the additional net bottom 4 and having a corresponding amount of buoys 9. There also my be used several separate shelf systems side by side in a large net pen. Each of these shelf systems may consist of several o shelves placed above each other at an appropriate distance in between. Each of the shelf systems make use of a stable rope 8 through the shelf aperture 10 and the guide 11 connected with the large net pen.
  • a major advantage is the easy way to fit in and o stabilize the shelf systems in the net pen, making use of the system with the rope 8 extending through the guide 11 up to the buoy 9.
  • the present net pen system do supply a large available farming area consisting of a firm net bottom 4 and the layers of the shelf systems. 5
  • the cost of this net pen is lower than that of competing systems due to the elimination of the bottom frame and the capacity of holding simple and stable shelf systems.
  • the available farming area can be substantially larger than for known solutions and consequently, the investment cost per square meter available farming area should be significantly lower.
  • a major advantage is further connected with the operation of the system, which is greatly simplified by both the elimination of the bottom frame of known solutions and the shelf system arrangement.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

Net pen system, especially adapted for area demanding aquatic organisms, comprising a net being suspended from a floating frame (1) having a net bottom (2), an additional net bottom (4) being secured to the net above and near the net bottom (12), ropes extending upwardly and outwardly to attachments connected with the frame (1) outside the additional bottom (4) and weights (5) being secured to the additional net bottom (4) along its circumference, the forces from the outwardly and upwardly directed ropes and the weights (5) giving the additional net bottom (4) a horizontal, outwardly directed resultant force maintaining the additional net bottom (4) substantially horizontal.

Description

Net Pen System
The present invention is related to a net pen system, especially for area demanding aquatic organisms.
Net pen systems are designed according to the type of organism to be farmed, which sometimes requires net pen systems enclosing large volumes and sometimes requires net pen systems providing large area to lay on. Volume demanding fish types are for example salmon, trout and codfish, whereas turbot, hirame, halibut, catfish and prawns can be mentioned among the area demanding types. The area demanding types are bottom animals which means that they lie on the bottom or another layer most of the time. in traditional net pen systems the function of the net is to provide an enclosure for the fish, such as for salmon and corresponding species. Such net pen systems, however, are not at all suitable for area demanding species as such fishes are depending on staying on a firm layer in addition to being enclosed by a net.
It is also natural that net pen systems being developed specifically for farming volume demanding species are designed at lowest possible cost per volume unit. This provides large volumes, however absolutely no firm bottom area. For farming area demanding species, however, the aim is to develop farms having the lowest possible cost per area unit. On this background attempts have been made to farm area demanding species in net pen systems even if the traditional net pen systems have been developed for volume demanding fish. To satisfy the need for a firm area for the fish to lay on, an additional fixed net bottom above a frame has been introduced. Such systems are known from many countries, they do, however, have major operational disadvantages in connection with cleaning, collection of fish, replacement of the net and so on. Additionally large investments and substantial operation cost are needed for known embodiments .
Traditional net pen systems for area demanding fish have a firm bottom of a net in combination with a framework of metal or plastics . Such a framework increases necessary investment and complicates operational routines.
The net pen system according to the present invention avoids these problems connected with the known traditional net pen systems for bottom fish and provide additionally several substantial advantages. This is achieved with the net pen system according to the present invention as defined by the features stated in the claims.
The drawing discloses in figure 1 schematically a vertical diagonal section of the net pen system, figure 2 discloses a ground view of the shelf, figure 3 discloses schematically the inner ring of the shelf framework and figure 4 discloses schematically in a perspective view the structure of the net pen system.
From a floating frame 1, a net is suspended, of which a part is the net bottom 12. The floating frame 1 may have any shape, such as square, circular, rectangular, hexa- or octagonal. Figure 1 discloses however a rectangular floating frame 1.
From several places along the circumference of the floating frame 1 or in a rectangular shaped frame, at least from every corner and sides of the frame, protrusions 2 extend horizontally outwardly from the floating frame 1 in a suitable number, depending on the size of the floating frame.
An additional net bottom 4 somewhat smaller than the area of the floating frame 1, is inserted near the net bottom 12. From several places along the circumference of the floating frame 1 or in a rectangular shaped frame, at least from every corner of the additional net bottom 4, weights 5 are secured. Ropes extend from the outer ends of the protrusions 2 to the securement points for the weights 5 of the additional net bottom 4. In the centre of the additional net bottom 4 a rope 8 is secured, extending from the net bottom 4 to the surface and here being secured to a buoy 9. The rope 8 with the buoy 9 thereby lifts the middle of the additional net bottom 4 to substantially the same level as the outermost parts of the additional net bottom 4. The horizontal resultant of the force components maintain the additional net bottom 4 firm and substantially horizontal, well adapted for bottom fish to lay on. The horizontal, outwardly directed resultant force is a result of the downwardly directed force of the weight 5 from the securement point of the additional net bottom 4 to the net, inside the floating frame 1 and the outwardly and upwardly directed force through the rope from the securement points to points outside the additional net bottom 4, such as enlarged s frame 1 or the protrusions 2.
Instead of securing protrusions 2 on the floating frame 1, the ropes down to the additional net bottom 4 may be provided above the pipes of the floating frame 1 in case such pipes have sufficiently large diameter. The net then will hang down from the o inner side of the floating frame 1 and the ropes down to the additional net bottom 4 will hang down from the outside of the floating frame. In this way also sufficient angle of the rope may be achieved in relation to the vertical plane, so that the outwardly directed horizontal drag will be sufficient. s The basic farming area consists of the firm additional bottom 4. It is according to the present invention suggested with simple means to increase the available farming area further. Above the additional net bottom 4 is according to the present invention suggested to lower at least one shelf frame 3 as 0 indicated in figure 1. Each shelf frame 3 is preferably made of perforated pipes with inserted stiffening pipes 7. Above the entire shelf frame 3 is arranged a net 6. The shelf frame 3 is suspended in the corners of the floating frame 1 and comprising centre and aperture 10 having a cross and a centre guide 11 5 through which the rope 8 extend with small clearance. Hereby is achieved substantial and crucial dampening of the movement of the shelf frame 3 due to stream, waves and such as the rope 8 seeks to hold such movements, partly by means of the buoy 9 and partly from the securement in the additional net bottom 4. o The buoyancy of the buoy 9 is such in relation to the weight of the net bottom 4 that the rope 8 has a very high tension, the rope 8 thereby providing a strong and substantially fixed vertical reference line for the shelf frame or frames 3.
The additional bottom 4 and the net 6 on the shelf 5 frame 3 are adapted in such a way that the fish may distribute and lay down. There is no hindrance what so ever to arrange a several shelf frames 3 above each other, having separate rope devices or connected with the lowermost.
With the net pen system according to the present invention, substantial advantages are achieved in relation to known embodiments. A substantial reduction of the weight is achieved through elimination of a framework for the bottom net 4, which again has a significant influence on reduction of the s investment cost. Substantial savings also are achieved during operation as the net pen system according to the invention to a large extent saves labour in relation to known net pen system.
The net pen system according to the present invention is operated very simply, for example the shelf or shelves 3 may o very easily be lifted to the surface. Likewise it is very easy and quick to lift and lower the net with the additional net bottom 4 for cleaning, picking fish and possible replacement.
The present invention also can be used in large net pen system which already are in use today, which means net pen s systems covering very large surface areas. In such systems it may be used two or more ropes 8 being secured in the additional net bottom 4 and having a corresponding amount of buoys 9. There also my be used several separate shelf systems side by side in a large net pen. Each of these shelf systems may consist of several o shelves placed above each other at an appropriate distance in between. Each of the shelf systems make use of a stable rope 8 through the shelf aperture 10 and the guide 11 connected with the large net pen.
It is substantial that with the net pen system accor- 5 ding to the present invention it is very simple to achieve a tight additional net bottom 4 making it unnecessary to install a specific frame to ensure that the bottom of the net pen system is maintained horizontally.
A major advantage is the easy way to fit in and o stabilize the shelf systems in the net pen, making use of the system with the rope 8 extending through the guide 11 up to the buoy 9. Hence, the present net pen system do supply a large available farming area consisting of a firm net bottom 4 and the layers of the shelf systems. 5 The cost of this net pen is lower than that of competing systems due to the elimination of the bottom frame and the capacity of holding simple and stable shelf systems. The available farming area can be substantially larger than for known solutions and consequently, the investment cost per square meter available farming area should be significantly lower.
A major advantage is further connected with the operation of the system, which is greatly simplified by both the elimination of the bottom frame of known solutions and the shelf system arrangement.

Claims

Patent Claims
1. Net pen system, especially adapted for area s demanding aquatic organisms, CHARACTERIZED IN a net being suspended from a floating frame ( 1 ) having a net bottom ( 2 ) , an additional net bottom (4) being secured to the net above and near the net bottom (12), ropes extending upwardly and outwardly to attachments connected with the frame ( 1 ) outside the additional o bottom ( 4 ) and weights ( 5 ) being secured to the additional net bottom (4) along its circumference, the forces from the outwardly and upwardly directed ropes and the weights ( 5 ) giving the additional net bottom (4) a horizontal, outwardly directed resultant force maintaining the additional net bottom (4) s substantially horizontal.
2. Net pen system according to claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED IN at least one rope ( 8 ) being secured in the middle of the additional net bottom ( 4 ) extending upwardly to a buoy ( 9 ) , the buoy(s) (9) thereby providing sufficient buoyancy to maintain the o mid sections of the additional net bottom (4) substantially horizontal in combination with the resultant forces from the weight ( 5 ) and the upwardly and outwardly directed ropes .
3. Net pen system according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED IN at least one shelf frame (3) being suspended inside the 5 floating frame ( 1 ) , the rope ( 8 ) from the additional net bottom (4) to the buoy (9) thereby extending through a guide (11) in an aperture (10) in a net (6) being tightly fixed to the shelf frame ( 3 ) , thereby providing additional area for area demanding fish to lay down, the guide (11) thereby ensuring the maintenance of 0 position of the shelf frame (3) in relation to the rope (8).
4. Net pen system according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED IN the outwardly directed resultant force on the additional net bottom (4) being provided by ropes extending from the connection points between the additional net bottom (4), the net bottom (12) 5 and the ropes for the weights ( 5 ) , upwardly to the outer surface of the floating frame ( 1 ) , the dimensions of the floating frame ( 1 ) thereby being larger than the outer dimensions of the additional net bottom (4).
5. Net pen system according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED IN the outwardly directed resultant force on the additional net bottom (4) being provided by ropes extending from the connection points between the additional net bottom (4), the net bottom (12) and the ropes for the weights ( 5 ) , upwardly to the outer ends of protrusions ( 2 ) protruding outwardly from the floating frame ( 1 ) .
PCT/NO1997/000204 1996-08-09 1997-08-11 Net pen system WO1998006253A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU39546/97A AU3954697A (en) 1996-08-09 1997-08-11 Net pen system
GB9902906A GB2331690B (en) 1996-08-09 1997-08-11 Net pen system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO963341 1996-08-09
NO963341A NO303371B1 (en) 1996-08-09 1996-08-09 Breeding Cage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998006253A1 true WO1998006253A1 (en) 1998-02-19

Family

ID=19899697

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1997/000204 WO1998006253A1 (en) 1996-08-09 1997-08-11 Net pen system

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3954697A (en)
GB (1) GB2331690B (en)
NO (1) NO303371B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1998006253A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000049858A1 (en) * 1999-02-12 2000-08-31 Refa As Equipment for flat-bottom floating cage
WO2004032613A1 (en) * 2002-10-08 2004-04-22 Zhejiang Ocean Institute Oceanological Science And Technology College A net pen with a multilayer structure
CN110419479A (en) * 2019-08-16 2019-11-08 长江水利委员会长江科学院 A kind of section bait subtracts dirty netting cases for ecological culture

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2184631A (en) * 1985-11-06 1987-07-01 Bridgestone Corp Fish breeding apparatus
USRE34971E (en) * 1989-04-18 1995-06-20 Nor'eastern Trawl Systems, Inc. Spar buoy pen system
US5549076A (en) * 1991-10-08 1996-08-27 Kaarstad; Charles Device for use in a rearing unit

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US34971A (en) * 1862-04-15 Military and civig bed-frame

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2184631A (en) * 1985-11-06 1987-07-01 Bridgestone Corp Fish breeding apparatus
USRE34971E (en) * 1989-04-18 1995-06-20 Nor'eastern Trawl Systems, Inc. Spar buoy pen system
US5549076A (en) * 1991-10-08 1996-08-27 Kaarstad; Charles Device for use in a rearing unit

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000049858A1 (en) * 1999-02-12 2000-08-31 Refa As Equipment for flat-bottom floating cage
WO2004032613A1 (en) * 2002-10-08 2004-04-22 Zhejiang Ocean Institute Oceanological Science And Technology College A net pen with a multilayer structure
CN110419479A (en) * 2019-08-16 2019-11-08 长江水利委员会长江科学院 A kind of section bait subtracts dirty netting cases for ecological culture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2331690A (en) 1999-06-02
GB2331690B (en) 2000-02-23
NO303371B1 (en) 1998-07-06
AU3954697A (en) 1998-03-06
NO963341L (en) 1998-02-10
GB9902906D0 (en) 1999-03-31
NO963341D0 (en) 1996-08-09

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