WO1998004647A1 - Method of sealing reservoirs containing aqueous media - Google Patents

Method of sealing reservoirs containing aqueous media Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998004647A1
WO1998004647A1 PCT/AU1997/000474 AU9700474W WO9804647A1 WO 1998004647 A1 WO1998004647 A1 WO 1998004647A1 AU 9700474 W AU9700474 W AU 9700474W WO 9804647 A1 WO9804647 A1 WO 9804647A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sodium silicate
water soluble
calcium salt
water
active medium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1997/000474
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Brian Cutler
Original Assignee
Notwheat Pty. Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Notwheat Pty. Ltd. filed Critical Notwheat Pty. Ltd.
Priority to AU35328/97A priority Critical patent/AU726776B2/en
Publication of WO1998004647A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998004647A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/06—Inhibiting the setting, e.g. mortars of the deferred action type containing water in breakable containers ; Inhibiting the action of active ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
    • E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
    • E02D19/12—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water
    • E02D19/16—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water by placing or applying sealing substances
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
    • C04B2111/00775—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes the composition being used as waste barriers or the like, e.g. compositions used for waste disposal purposes only, but not containing the waste itself
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/72—Repairing or restoring existing buildings or building materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of sealing a leaking surface which is located within an aqueous medium.
  • a difficulty which has been experienced in relation to the storage of aqueous media which contain toxic or hazardous material relates to the failure of the containment subsequent to the introduction of the aqueous medium. This is particularly the case in terms of long term storage for such materials.
  • a particular example of an application of the invention relates to a method of sealing storage reservoirs containing radio active aqueous wastes. In the event of such reservoirs leaking it is not possible for personnel to enter the medium in order to close the leakage. In addition any effort to attempt to close a leakage from the external surface of the reservoir will be inadequate.
  • the invention seeks to alleviate the above-mentioned difficulties with the storage of aqueous media.
  • the invention resides in a method of sealing a surface located within an aqueous medium by locating over the surface a first member containing an agent containing a water soluble calcium salt whereby the member overlies the surface permitting calcium ions to leach from the first member into the region adjacent the surface, subsequently locating a second member carrying sodium silicate and permitting the sodium silicate to leach from the second member into the region adjacent the surface.
  • said method comprises repeated and sequential applications of the first and second members over the surface.
  • the invention also resides in a member containing an active medium comprising sodium silicate or an agent containing a water soluble calcium salt for use in the method described above, said member comprising a containment means which will support the active medium but will allow contact of water with the active medium to effect dissolution of the active medium and leaching of the dissolved active medium from the member when immersed in an aqueous medium.
  • the containment means comprises at least one layer of the pervious fabric material, wherein said containment means is intended to be laid over the surface.
  • the containment means comprises a substantially planar grate or mesh.
  • the containment means comprises an envelope formed of a porous sheet material.
  • the sheet material may comprise a fabric while in another form the sheet material may comprise a water soluble sheet material.
  • the agent comprises a gel containing the sodium silicate or agent containing the water soluble calcium salt.
  • a hydrophobic agent is applied over the member containing the active medium in order to impede the rate of contact of water with the active medium.
  • figure 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a containment means used for supporting the active medium of the present invention.
  • a containment means 10 which is a substantially planar grate.
  • the grate has diamond shaped apertures 12 which provide support for an active medium.
  • the grate is preferably 10 to 12 mm thick.
  • the first embodiment relates to a method of treatment of a reservoir containing an aqueous medium said medium comprising the utilisation of a set of plates which contain an active medium.
  • the plates are formed of a suitable plastics material such as PVC or polycarbonate and are formed as a grate or mesh.
  • the thickness of the grate and thus depth of the cells formed within the grate or mesh can be varied depending upon the quantity of the medium which is to be carried by the plates.
  • the plates are provided with weights to ensure that when immersed in the aqueous medium they will sink into that medium.
  • One of the plates is provided with an active agent which incorporates a water soluble calcium salt comprising calcium acetate.
  • the calcium acetate may be applied as a gel which can be formed by mixing the calcium acetate with agar or a similar gelling agent whereby the gel is spread over the grate to fill the cells of the grate. On completion of the application of the gel it is allowed to dry.
  • the plate In order to control the penetration of water into the cells of the grate, the plate is sprayed with turpentine or a vegetable oil or a like substance which is immiscible in water to provide a thin layer over the exterior surface of the plate.
  • the turpentine or vegetable oil or like substance which is immiscible in water acts as a hydrophobic agent which will initially prevent water from entering the cells of the plate and initially serves in delaying the dissolution of the calcium acetate.
  • the second plate has applied thereto sodium silicate which is applied to the grate in a similar form to the active agent of the first grate where the sodium silicate is applied as a gel or concentrate to fill the cells of the grate and is then allowed to dry.
  • the first plate In utilising the plates in treatment of the walls of the reservoir the first plate is lowered into the aqueous medium within the reservoir and is positioned against the zone of suspected seepage and is held in that position to allow the entry of water into the cells of the grate to cause dissolution of the calcium acetate contained in those cells and leaching of that solution into the aqueous medium. As a result of the water flow through the seepage zone against which the plate has been located the calcium acetate solution will be carried into that seepage zone. On the expiration of a suitable length of time the first plate is removed and the second plate containing the sodium silicate is placed in position over the suspected seepage zone to allow penetration of water into the cells of the grate whereby the sodium silicate will become dissolved in that water.
  • the sodium silicate solution will be carried into that seepage zone.
  • the presence of the sodium silicate solution in association with the calcium ion solution will result in the creation of a calcium silicate precipitate. This precipitate will be carried by the water flow into the seepage zone which will serve to provide to block and seal the seepage zone.
  • the silicate ions will react with the calcium ions being leached from the surface of the concrete in the region of the seepage zone.
  • the resultant precipitate will bond to the surfaces presented at the seepage zone either because of the calcium which is already in the concrete in that zone or because of the calcium acetate solution which has previously been carried into the pores and interstices within the structure which constitute the seepage paths at the seepage zone.
  • each of the plates may be associated with a set of propellers driven from air motors or the like which can be activated to drive the plates into intimate contact with the wall.
  • the second embodiment of the invention comprises utilisation of an envelope.
  • the envelope is filled with an active agent containing calcium ions which can comprise a gel containing calcium acetate and agar as described above or alternatively may comprise solid calcium particles which are formed to be porous.
  • the second envelope can be filled with sodium silicate which may be applied as a dry concentrate or alternatively as a gel.
  • Each of the envelopes are formed of a suitable fabric material which will serve to contain the active agent contained within them but which will permit the passage of water into the envelope when immersed in the aqueous medium to permit dissolution of the active agent into the water and subsequent leaching of the dissolved active agent from the envelope.
  • the envelope may be provided with a liner on its exterior or interior which is water soluble.
  • a suitable material which can be used as the liner comprises rice paper. The effect of the liner is to delay the entry of water into the envelope to facilitate accurate location of the filled envelope in position over a seepage zone before the active agent is dissipated.
  • the first form of envelope is lowered into a reservoir containing an aqueous medium and is located in position over a suspected seepage zone. After a sufficient period of time has been allowed to pass to allow for the dissolution of the calcium acetate and the leaching of the solution into the region surrounding the envelope the first envelope is removed and the second envelope is placed in position. In order to effect complete closure of a seepage zone it may be necessary to repeatedly sequentially apply the first and second envelopes over the suspected seepage zone.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)

Abstract

A method of sealing a surface located within an aqueous medium by locating over the surface a first member containing an agent containing a water soluble calcium salt whereby the first member overlies the surface permitting calcium ions to leach from the first member into the region adjacent the surface, subsequently locating a second member carrying sodium silicate and permitting the sodium silicate to leach from the second member into the region adjacent the surface.

Description

Title
METHOD OF SEALING RESERVOIRS CONTAINING AQUEOUS MEDIA
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a method of sealing a leaking surface which is located within an aqueous medium.
Background of the invention
A difficulty which has been experienced in relation to the storage of aqueous media which contain toxic or hazardous material relates to the failure of the containment subsequent to the introduction of the aqueous medium. This is particularly the case in terms of long term storage for such materials. A particular example of an application of the invention relates to a method of sealing storage reservoirs containing radio active aqueous wastes. In the event of such reservoirs leaking it is not possible for personnel to enter the medium in order to close the leakage. In addition any effort to attempt to close a leakage from the external surface of the reservoir will be inadequate. One reason for such is that while the treatment may prevent the escape of materials from the surface in the region of the leakage zone, the wall of the reservoir will remain saturated in the region of the leakage zone which can cause further deterioration of the wall and result in an ultimate breakdown in the region. Therefore it is highly desirable to be able to block the leakage from within the reservoir, however this must be effected remotely where the contents are hazardous.
A similar circumstance to the above exists in relation to the storage of industrial waste and some mining waste because of the toxic nature of the waste. In addition the invention has application in instances where the fluid being contained is not hazardous since it can be more inconvenient to treat a zone of leakage from above the surface.
Accordingly, the invention seeks to alleviate the above-mentioned difficulties with the storage of aqueous media.
Summary of the invention
Accordingly in one form the invention resides in a method of sealing a surface located within an aqueous medium by locating over the surface a first member containing an agent containing a water soluble calcium salt whereby the member overlies the surface permitting calcium ions to leach from the first member into the region adjacent the surface, subsequently locating a second member carrying sodium silicate and permitting the sodium silicate to leach from the second member into the region adjacent the surface.
According to a preferred feature of the invention said method comprises repeated and sequential applications of the first and second members over the surface.
Accordingly the invention also resides in a member containing an active medium comprising sodium silicate or an agent containing a water soluble calcium salt for use in the method described above, said member comprising a containment means which will support the active medium but will allow contact of water with the active medium to effect dissolution of the active medium and leaching of the dissolved active medium from the member when immersed in an aqueous medium.
According to one embodiment the containment means comprises at least one layer of the pervious fabric material, wherein said containment means is intended to be laid over the surface. According to a second embodiment the containment means comprises a substantially planar grate or mesh.
According to a third embodiment the containment means comprises an envelope formed of a porous sheet material. In one form the sheet material may comprise a fabric while in another form the sheet material may comprise a water soluble sheet material.
According to a preferred feature of the invention and each of the embodiments the agent comprises a gel containing the sodium silicate or agent containing the water soluble calcium salt. According to a particular embodiment a hydrophobic agent is applied over the member containing the active medium in order to impede the rate of contact of water with the active medium.
Brief Description of Drawing
The present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawing; in which:
figure 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a containment means used for supporting the active medium of the present invention.
Description of preferred embodiments
In figure 1 , there is shown a containment means 10 which is a substantially planar grate. The grate has diamond shaped apertures 12 which provide support for an active medium. The grate is preferably 10 to 12 mm thick.
The invention will be more fully understood in the light of the following description of several specific embodiments.
The first embodiment relates to a method of treatment of a reservoir containing an aqueous medium said medium comprising the utilisation of a set of plates which contain an active medium. The plates are formed of a suitable plastics material such as PVC or polycarbonate and are formed as a grate or mesh. The thickness of the grate and thus depth of the cells formed within the grate or mesh can be varied depending upon the quantity of the medium which is to be carried by the plates. In addition the plates are provided with weights to ensure that when immersed in the aqueous medium they will sink into that medium. One of the plates is provided with an active agent which incorporates a water soluble calcium salt comprising calcium acetate. The calcium acetate may be applied as a gel which can be formed by mixing the calcium acetate with agar or a similar gelling agent whereby the gel is spread over the grate to fill the cells of the grate. On completion of the application of the gel it is allowed to dry. In order to control the penetration of water into the cells of the grate, the plate is sprayed with turpentine or a vegetable oil or a like substance which is immiscible in water to provide a thin layer over the exterior surface of the plate. The turpentine or vegetable oil or like substance which is immiscible in water acts as a hydrophobic agent which will initially prevent water from entering the cells of the plate and initially serves in delaying the dissolution of the calcium acetate.
The second plate has applied thereto sodium silicate which is applied to the grate in a similar form to the active agent of the first grate where the sodium silicate is applied as a gel or concentrate to fill the cells of the grate and is then allowed to dry.
In utilising the plates in treatment of the walls of the reservoir the first plate is lowered into the aqueous medium within the reservoir and is positioned against the zone of suspected seepage and is held in that position to allow the entry of water into the cells of the grate to cause dissolution of the calcium acetate contained in those cells and leaching of that solution into the aqueous medium. As a result of the water flow through the seepage zone against which the plate has been located the calcium acetate solution will be carried into that seepage zone. On the expiration of a suitable length of time the first plate is removed and the second plate containing the sodium silicate is placed in position over the suspected seepage zone to allow penetration of water into the cells of the grate whereby the sodium silicate will become dissolved in that water. In addition as a result of the water flow through the seepage zone the sodium silicate solution will be carried into that seepage zone. The presence of the sodium silicate solution in association with the calcium ion solution will result in the creation of a calcium silicate precipitate. This precipitate will be carried by the water flow into the seepage zone which will serve to provide to block and seal the seepage zone. In instances where the substrate or wall is formed of concrete the silicate ions will react with the calcium ions being leached from the surface of the concrete in the region of the seepage zone. In any event the resultant precipitate will bond to the surfaces presented at the seepage zone either because of the calcium which is already in the concrete in that zone or because of the calcium acetate solution which has previously been carried into the pores and interstices within the structure which constitute the seepage paths at the seepage zone.
It may be necessary to effect repeated sequential applications of the first and second plates over the suspected seepage zone to effect complete closure of the seepage zone.
In situations where it is difficult to locate the plate in direct position over the seepage zone because of water movement or the geometry of the reservoir, each of the plates may be associated with a set of propellers driven from air motors or the like which can be activated to drive the plates into intimate contact with the wall.
The second embodiment of the invention comprises utilisation of an envelope. In one case the envelope is filled with an active agent containing calcium ions which can comprise a gel containing calcium acetate and agar as described above or alternatively may comprise solid calcium particles which are formed to be porous. The second envelope can be filled with sodium silicate which may be applied as a dry concentrate or alternatively as a gel. Each of the envelopes are formed of a suitable fabric material which will serve to contain the active agent contained within them but which will permit the passage of water into the envelope when immersed in the aqueous medium to permit dissolution of the active agent into the water and subsequent leaching of the dissolved active agent from the envelope.
In order to initially control the entry of water into the envelope the envelope may be provided with a liner on its exterior or interior which is water soluble. A suitable material which can be used as the liner comprises rice paper. The effect of the liner is to delay the entry of water into the envelope to facilitate accurate location of the filled envelope in position over a seepage zone before the active agent is dissipated.
In use the first form of envelope is lowered into a reservoir containing an aqueous medium and is located in position over a suspected seepage zone. After a sufficient period of time has been allowed to pass to allow for the dissolution of the calcium acetate and the leaching of the solution into the region surrounding the envelope the first envelope is removed and the second envelope is placed in position. In order to effect complete closure of a seepage zone it may be necessary to repeatedly sequentially apply the first and second envelopes over the suspected seepage zone.
It should be appreciated that the scope of the present invention need not be limited to the particular scope of the embodiment described above.

Claims

Claims
1. A method of sealing a surface located within an aqueous medium by locating over the surface a first member containing an agent containing a water soluble calcium salt whereby the first member overlies the surface permitting calcium ions to leach from the first member into the region adjacent the surface, subsequently locating a second member carrying sodium silicate and permitting the sodium silicate to leach from the second member into the region adjacent the surface.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the steps of locating the first and second members, respectively, over the surface are repeated at least once.
3. A method according to either claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the water soluble calcium salt is calcium acetate.
4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the water soluble calcium salt on the first member is in the form of a gel.
5. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sodium silicate on the second member is in the form of a gel.
6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a hydrophobic coating is applied over the water soluble calcium salt on the first member so as to impede the rate of contact of water with the water soluble calcium salt.
7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a hydrophobic coating is applied over the sodium silicate solution on the second member so as to impede the rate of contact of water with the sodium silicate solution.
8. A member containing an active medium comprising sodium silicate or an agent containing a water soluble calcium salt for use in the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, said member comprising a containment means which will support the active medium but allow contact of water with the active medium to effect dissolution of the active medium and leaching of the dissolved active medium from the member when immersed in an aqueous medium.
9. A member according to claim 8, wherein the containment means comprises at least one layer of a pervious fabric material which is intended to be laid over the surface.
10. A member according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the containment means comprises a substantially planar grate or mesh.
11. A member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the containment means comprises an envelope formed of a porous sheet material.
12. A member according to any one of claims 8 to 11 , wherein the porous sheet material is made from a fabric material.
13. A member according to claim 8, wherein the porous sheet material is made from a water soluble sheet material.
14. A member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the member is a set of plates which contains the active medium.
15. A member according to claim 14, wherein the set of plates are formed as a grate or mesh.
PCT/AU1997/000474 1996-07-25 1997-07-25 Method of sealing reservoirs containing aqueous media WO1998004647A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU35328/97A AU726776B2 (en) 1996-07-25 1997-07-25 Method of sealing reservoirs containing aqueous media

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPO1240A AUPO124096A0 (en) 1996-07-25 1996-07-25 Method of sealing reservoirs containing aqueous media
AUPO1240 1996-07-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998004647A1 true WO1998004647A1 (en) 1998-02-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1997/000474 WO1998004647A1 (en) 1996-07-25 1997-07-25 Method of sealing reservoirs containing aqueous media

Country Status (2)

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WO (1) WO1998004647A1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2086402A (en) * 1980-10-25 1982-05-12 Foseco Int Gel forming compositions
GB2124276A (en) * 1982-06-11 1984-02-15 Soletanche Sealing and/or consolidation agent and method of using it
EP0556525A1 (en) * 1992-01-17 1993-08-25 SOCIETE FRANCAISE HOECHST Société anonyme dite: Aqueous sodium silicate compositions, method of distribution and application for consolidating soil
WO1994006884A1 (en) * 1992-09-11 1994-03-31 Chemical Lime Company Method for stabilizing clay bearing soils by addition of silica and lime

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2086402A (en) * 1980-10-25 1982-05-12 Foseco Int Gel forming compositions
GB2124276A (en) * 1982-06-11 1984-02-15 Soletanche Sealing and/or consolidation agent and method of using it
EP0556525A1 (en) * 1992-01-17 1993-08-25 SOCIETE FRANCAISE HOECHST Société anonyme dite: Aqueous sodium silicate compositions, method of distribution and application for consolidating soil
WO1994006884A1 (en) * 1992-09-11 1994-03-31 Chemical Lime Company Method for stabilizing clay bearing soils by addition of silica and lime

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. 85-199583/33, Class Q42; & JP,A,60 124 690 (LIGHT KOGYO KK), 3 July 1985. *
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. 86-185371/29, Class A93, L02; & JP,A,61 117 148 [KUMAGAI GUMI KK (TOAG)] 4 June 1986. *

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