WO1998002691A1

WO1998002691A1 - Method and apparatus for burning aqueous fuel

Info

Publication number: WO1998002691A1
Application number: PCT/JP1997/002430
Authority: WO
Inventors: Nobuyuki Yamaki
Original assignee: Hashimoto, Yutaka
Priority date: 1996-07-15
Filing date: 1997-07-14
Publication date: 1998-01-22

Abstract

A plurality of chemical substances constituting an aqueous fuel are organically bonded to one another and does not easily decompose. According to the invention, the bonds are forcedly broken and the chemical substances are extracted as the individual substances or burnt. Pressurized water is fed into a space in a vacuum at a high temperature, vaporized, and further heated to turn it to superheated water vapor. Thus the bond between hydrogen and oxygen is made unstable, an affinitive quantity of a fossile fuel necessary for causing the oxidation reaction by oxygen is pressure-fed into the space so as to substantially decompose the water into hydrogen and oxygen and to enable the hydrogen and the fossile fuel to burn, or to enable hydrogen and oxygen to be extracted separately.

Description

Description Water-based fuel combustion method and combustion apparatus

The present invention relates to a method for burning an aqueous fuel containing water as a main material and a combustion apparatus applied to the method. Background art

For example, when coal is burned and burned in a wet state with water, it is possible to obtain energy higher than the energy of the coal itself. It is known that wood or wood wet with water has higher thermal power, respectively.

Based on these facts, it is recognized that water partially contributes to combustion, and a certain amount (approximately 10% in proportion) of water-based fuel such as petroleum or gasoline as fossil fuel. Water and a catalyst (emulsifier, etc.) are added to make an emulsified fuel that is uniformly stirred and mixed (homogenized). It has been proposed that fuel be saved by substantially increasing the amount of fuel.

However, the emulsified fuel is added with an emulsifier in order to weaken the repulsive action of water and oil.However, the emulsified state is not always maintained. It gradually returns to the original state, that is, the state where water and oil are separated, and has a problem that it cannot be stockpiled as an emulsified fuel.

Further, when the fuel is used for combustion using the emulsified fuel, the emulsifier itself acts to hinder the oxidation reaction of oxygen, so that a sudden fire extinguishing phenomenon during combustion often occurs. Has not been put to practical use. Therefore, when water is used as thermal energy, the bond between hydrogen and oxygen constituting water molecules is made unstable without using an emulsifier, etc., and the oxygen in the unstable state is actively oxidized. By reacting and separating from hydrogen, it is possible to burn as a mixed gas of hydrogen gas and oxide. Disclosure of the invention

As a specific means for solving the problems of the conventional example, the present invention introduces water molecules into a gas generation chamber which is heated from the outside and is in a high-temperature vacuum state, and is further heated from saturated steam to combine hydrogen and oxygen. The gaseous superheated dry vapor is vaporized by introducing a sufficient amount of liquefied fossil fuel into the gas generation chamber to cause an oxidation reaction with oxygen. And b. Producing a high-temperature mixed gas of hydrogen gas and oxide gas by mixing the hydrogen gas and the oxide gas, and injecting the high-temperature mixed gas from a burner to burn it. A gas generation chamber having an introduction part for introducing water molecules and fossil fuel into the gas supply chamber, and a derivation part for deriving a high-temperature mixed gas on the other side; heating means for heating the gas generation chamber; Pars freely connected There is provided a combustion apparatus of the aqueous fuel, characterized in that it consists in Tokyo and.

Further, in the combustion method of the present invention, it is an additional constitutional requirement that the water molecules introduced into the gas generation chamber be in a liquid or vaporized state, and that at least gaseous superheated dry steam is irradiated with ultraviolet rays. In the combustion apparatus, the gas generation chamber is formed of a heat-resistant material and is formed of a coil-shaped space, and is formed of a heat-resistant material mainly composed of transparent or translucent quartz. That the UV irradiation means were installed close to the gas generation chamber, and that the temperature sensor was installed in the gas generation chamber. It is included as an additional component.

In the method of burning aqueous fuel according to the present invention, water molecules are introduced into a gas generation chamber in a high-temperature vacuum state, and heated to a gaseous superheated dry vapor in which the bond between hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms becomes unstable. A sufficient amount of liquid fossil fuel for causing an oxidation reaction with the oxygen atoms is introduced into a gas generation chamber, vaporized and gasified, and mixed with the gaseous superheated dry steam to generate a high-temperature mixed gas. The high temperature gas mixture can be taken out and used as fuel. The energy when burning this high-temperature mixed gas is several times the sum of the energy for heating the gas generation chamber from the outside and the energy of the liquid fossil fuel itself introduced into the gas generation chamber. You get it. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the principle of a combustion device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the principle of the combustion device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing the principle of the combustion apparatus according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing the principle of the third embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic end view of the combustion device according to the embodiment as viewed from the discharge side of the mixed gas, and FIG. 5 is another configuration of a coil-shaped space serving as a gas generation chamber of the combustion device according to the embodiment. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example, and FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the other configuration example. FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing the principle of a combustion device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a control box for controlling the aqueous fuel combustion device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the illustrated embodiments. The water fuel combustion device according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a device showing a basic principle, wherein 1 is a gas generation chamber, and the gas generation chamber is located on one side. An introduction section 2 for introducing water molecules and an introduction section 3 for introducing liquefied fossil fuel are provided. Then, on the other side, a deriving unit 4 for deriving a gas component generated inside is provided.

The gas generation chamber 1 is made of, for example, a metal material having good thermal conductivity and can be heated from the outside by a heating means 5 composed of an appropriate gas burner or the like. Expands and is discharged to the outside, and the inside of the gas generation chamber 1 is substantially in a high-temperature vacuum state.

Further, the gas generation chamber 1 of the aqueous fuel combustion device according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 has a heating means 5 provided therein, and the heating means 5 includes, for example, This is a heater using a nichrome wire or the like, and is disposed along an inner wall surface of the gas generation chamber 1 with an appropriate support member 6.

The support member 6 is formed of, for example, an insulator, and has a groove 6 a, and supports the nichrome wire as the heating means 5. At one end of the gas generation chamber 1, connection terminals 5a and 5b for supplying power to the heating means 5 from outside are taken out. Further, in this embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the gas generating chamber 1 is covered with a heat insulating member 7 so that heat does not escape outside.

3 to 6 show a third embodiment of the combustion apparatus. The gas generating chamber 1 in this embodiment is formed of a heat-resistant material mainly composed of, for example, transparent or translucent quartz glass, silicon or silicon carbide, and has a coil-like overall shape. It has a cylindrical shape having a space, and a substantially coil-shaped space is formed as the gas generation chamber 1. Has become.

An appropriate cover member 8 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the gas generating chamber 1 including the coil-shaped space for reinforcement and heat retention. The cover member 8 may be formed of the same material as the gas generation chamber 1 or may be formed of another heat insulating material. In short, the internal pressure does not increase so much, so long as it can be protected from being damaged by external impact.

In addition, the supply position of the fossil fuel to the gas generation chamber 1 is not limited to the same position (side) of the fuel introduction part 3 as the water molecule introduction part 2, but, for example, from the middle part to the discharge part 4 as shown in the figure. May be provided. In short, in the gas generation chamber 1, when hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms of water molecules are in an unstable state due to heating, it is sufficient if fuel can be supplied in a state where oxidation reaction is easily caused by oxygen atoms. The same is true for the four discharge sections.

In order to form the coil-shaped space, a tube having a predetermined length formed of, for example, quartz glass, silicon, silicon carbide, or the like can be formed by winding the tube into a cylindrical shape. In this case, a tube having a length exceeding 1 Om depending on the size and scale of the gas generating chamber 1 is used, and is formed by winding the tubes in an adjacent state and in a coil shape. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the coil-shaped space may be formed by uniting the cylindrical halves 9a and 9b. In this case, arc-shaped passages 1a and 1b are formed in the wall surfaces of the halves 9a and 9b to be joined so that a spiral continuous space can be formed when the two halves are joined. At the same time, a hole 11 d for supplying water molecules and fuel to these passages is formed at one end of each half, and a hole 1 e for extracting gas is formed at the other end. ing. In this case, for example, the inner surfaces of the halves 9a and 9b are, as shown in FIG. 6, inwardly protruding or rising along the arc-shaped passages la and lb. 0 can be formed. This is because the projecting portions 10 also serve to capture the passages la and 1b and actively perform heat exchange related to gas generation. Then, the halves 9a and 9b having such a configuration are united so that the passages la and 1b communicate with each other to form a coil-shaped space, and the united surfaces are welded to each other to form the entire cylinder. As a result, the gas generating chamber 1 having a coil-shaped space can be formed.

The gas generating chamber 1 formed in a cylindrical shape in this manner is configured such that a heating means 5 such as a gas wrench is disposed on the supply side of water molecules and heats the gas generating chamber 1 from the inside of the cylindrical shape. . Even in this case, as the heating means 5, for example, an electric means for generating heat from the nichrome wire can be employed. In short, it is only necessary that the coil-shaped space can be ripened to a predetermined temperature.

FIG. 7 shows a fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, a gas generation chamber 1 is formed in a barrel shape, and one end portion 彻 L, that is, a water molecule introduction portion 2 is provided on the base side, and a gas discharge portion 4 is formed by reducing the diameter of the tip side. It is. The fuel supply introduction section 3 is provided near the front end, and internally has a heating means 5 for heating by electric means. The power supply terminals 5a and 5 for the heating means 5 are taken out from the end on the base side. The outer peripheral surface is covered with a heat insulating member 7 as in the second embodiment.

In the fourth embodiment, water molecules to be introduced are supplied in the form of a spray, and an atomizer 11 is connected to the introduction section 2. The atomizer 11 uses, for example, ultrasonic waves. The atomization state is dry and extremely fine, and the atomization is forcibly introduced into the gas generation chamber 1 from the introduction section 2. In addition, as an atomizer, for example, evaporating means may be used. Wear.

Further, FIG. 8 shows a control box 12. The control box 12 includes at least a temperature control unit 13 that detects and controls the internal temperature of the gas generation chamber 1, a water supply control unit 14 that controls the amount of water molecules introduced, and a fuel introduction amount. And a fuel supply control section 15 for controlling the control section.Each control section has a display section 13a, 14a, 15a and a control knob 13b, 14b, 15b. It is configured. Reference numeral 16 denotes a switch, and reference numeral 17 denotes a pilot lamp for displaying a driving state.

In order to detect the temperature inside the gas generation chamber 1, in each of the above-described embodiments, a temperature sensor 18 is attached to the gas discharge section 4 side. Can be accurately detected. When the internal temperature is lower than the set value, the output of the heating means 5 is increased, and when it is higher, the output is decreased.

Further, since the gas generation capacity differs depending on the capacity of the gas generation chamber 1 and the internal temperature, the supply amounts of the water molecules and the fuel are set in advance by experiments. However, when the temperature fluctuates due to the adjustment of the heating means 5, the supply amount of water molecules and the fuel is checked in response to the change and while visually checking the state of the ejected gas (mainly the combustion state). Can be fine-tuned.

In this case, in particular, an adapter 19 equipped with an adjusting member such as a valve is appropriately attached to the water molecule introduction end side of the gas generating chamber 1 in each embodiment, and the adjusting members are appropriately adjusted by the control units 14 and 15. It is adjusted to a proper state.

In addition, the control box 12 is provided with a push button type ultraviolet irradiation switch 20, and the switch 20 is turned on and off as appropriate. By doing so, the ultraviolet irradiation lamp 21 is selectively turned on. The ultraviolet irradiation lamp 21 can be used only in the gas generation chamber 1 made of a transparent or translucent heat-resistant material. Is irradiated with ultraviolet light.

In any of the above-described embodiments, the aqueous fuel can be burned, and the principle of combustion will be described below.

First, the heating means 5 is operated on the gas generating chamber 1 to heat the gas generating chamber 1, so that the air inside is eliminated and almost no air is present, so that a so-called high-temperature vacuum state is established. At this time, the internal temperature of the gas generation chamber 1 is approximately 500 ° C. or higher.

Water molecules are introduced into the gas generating chamber 1 in such a high-temperature vacuum state through the introduction section 2. In this case, for example, when the water molecules are introduced in a state of being dispersed in a spray form from a nozzle or the like, the water molecules are immediately evaporated and spread to be in a vapor or vaporized state and head toward the discharge unit 4 side.

However, since the gas generating chamber 1 has a predetermined length, the steam is not immediately discharged from the discharge section 4 to the outside, and since the internal temperature is high, it becomes dry saturated steam and further heated. This will result in superheated steam. In particular, in the third embodiment, since the gas generating chamber 1 is formed as a coil-shaped space exceeding 10 m, the heating is sufficiently performed to produce superheated steam.

Then, when it becomes a so-called superheated steam, a hydrogen atom forming a water molecule and an oxygen atom come into an unstable bonding state. When fossil fuel, for example, petroleum, is introduced into the gas generating chamber 1 from the introduction section 3 in a state of being sprayed in the same manner as described above in this unstable bonding state, the oil is immediately heated because of the high temperature inside. It becomes a vaporized state.

In the gas generation chamber 1, the vaporized water molecules and the fuel The fuel molecules are mixed with the vaporized ones, and the hydrogen and oxygen atoms of the water molecules are in an unstable state, so that the fuel molecules undergo an oxidation reaction in the vaporized state. Due to this oxidation reaction, the hydrogen atoms are separated and are discharged from the discharge part 4 to the outside as a high-temperature mixed gas that has been vaporized together with the oxidized fuel.

At this time, if the temperature in the gas generation chamber 1 is 570 ° C. or lower, the mixed gas is simply discharged from the discharge unit 4 as a mixed gas of hydrogen gas and fuel oxidizing gas. Combustion. If the internal temperature exceeds the ignition temperature of hydrogen of 570 ° C, for example, is not less than 64 ° C, the mixed gas is ejected in the state of a burned flame, so that ignition is unnecessary.

Regardless of the state in which water molecules and fuel are introduced or supplied to the gas generating chamber 1 whose inside is maintained at a high temperature by the heating means 5, they are immediately evaporated in the gas generating chamber 1. Since the volume is significantly expanded due to the evaporation, the internal pressure of the gas generating chamber 1 is increased, and the mixed gas generated inside is inevitably discharged without any special deriving means. It will erupt from 4.

[Experimental example 1]

The experiment was performed using the apparatus of the first embodiment.

(1) For the gas generation chamber, a steel pipe with an inner diameter of 50 mm and a length of 2.5 m was used, and a metal plate was welded to both ends of the steel tube and closed, and two holes were opened in one of the metal plates. A water molecule introduction part and a fuel introduction part were formed, and a hole was formed in the other metal plate to form a nozzle-shaped discharge part.

(2) As heating means, butane gas (170 g) was used, and about 90 minutes, 10 combustible gas torches were used, and 5 gas torches were alternately arranged on both sides of the gas generation chamber at predetermined intervals. Established.

(3) As a device for introducing water molecules and fuel, a manual pump type gasoline The nozzle tip head was modified and used, and used in an airtight connection to each inlet.

First, the vicinity of both ends of the gas generation chamber is approximately

The gas generating chamber is supported at a height of about 200 mm and substantially in parallel, and the gas generation chamber is heated by heating means for about 10 minutes to make the inside thereof a high-temperature vacuum state. After supplying the gas into the gas generation chamber in a state of spraying over 250 seconds and confirming that the temperature of the gas ejected from the discharge side has reached 350 ° C or higher, it is about 2 cc When the mixture is supplied to the gas generation chamber in a state where it is ejected in a mist over a period of 150 to 200 seconds, and the mixed gas ejected from the ejection part side is ignited, it has a length of about 300 to 350 mm. A blue flame unique to hydrogen was confirmed. This combustion was confirmed for about 10 minutes.

[Experimental example 2]

The experiment was performed using the device of the third embodiment.

(1) A copper pipe with an inner diameter of 10 mm and a length of 15 m is used as a gas generation chamber, and the copper pipe is wound into a coil shape with a diameter of about 150 mm, and a water molecule introduction part and fuel are provided at one end. The other end was reduced in diameter by about 95% to form a discharge section that opened about 0.5 mm.

(2) As heating means, eight gas torches filled with butane gas (170 g) and capable of combusting for about 90 minutes are used, and four are provided on both sides of the gas generation chamber at predetermined intervals. did.

(3) As a device for introducing water molecules and fuel, a manually pumped gasoline torch was used, and the nozzle tip head was used in an improved manner.

The vicinity of both ends of the gas generation chamber is supported by a suitable supporting means at a height of about 200 mm from the surface and substantially in parallel, and the heating means heats the gas generation chamber for about 5 minutes, and the inside is heated. Approximately 10 cc of water molecules at high temperature Is supplied into the gas generation chamber in the state of spraying in the form of a spray over 200 to 250 seconds, and after confirming that the temperature of the gas discharged from the discharge section has reached 350 ° C or more, When 2 cc of oil is sprayed in a spray form over a period of 150 to 200 seconds and supplied into the gas generation chamber, and igniting mixed gas ejected from the ejection part side, it is about 300 to 350 mm long. A unique blue flame of hydrogen was confirmed. This combustion was confirmed for about 10 minutes.

[Experimental example 3]

The experiment was performed using the apparatus of the fourth embodiment.

(1) A copper pipe with an inner diameter of 25 mm and a length of 2.5 m was used as the gas generation chamber, and an inlet for water molecules was formed at one end of the copper pipe and the other end was about 95 The discharge part was opened by about 1 mm by reducing the diameter, and a fuel introduction part was formed near the discharge part.

(2) As a heating means, a 1500 W electric heater was used in the gas generation chamber.

(3) The water molecules are introduced into the introduction section using an ultrasonic atomizer and a fan as an introduction device, and a hand pump gasoline torch is used as a fuel introduction device using a nozzle tip. The head was improved and used in an airtight connection to the introduction.

The vicinity of both ends of the gas generation chamber is supported by an appropriate supporting means at a height of about 200 mm from the ground surface and substantially in parallel, and the heating means heats the gas generation chamber for about 10 minutes, and the inside is heated. A high-temperature vacuum is applied, and about 10 cc of water molecules are supplied in the gas generation chamber in a state where they are almost scattered in 300 to 400 seconds.The temperature of the gas ejected from the discharge section becomes 350 ° C or more. After confirming this, approximately 2 cc of gasoline was sprayed in a spray form over a period of 150 to 200 seconds, supplied to the gas generation chamber, and ignited to the mixed gas ejected from the ejection section side. Hydrogen unique blue with a length of about 200 to 300 mm / 02

12

Flame was confirmed ^ This combustion was observed for about 10 minutes.

In each of the experimental examples described above, high calorie combustion was confirmed, and Co or Co 2 in the combustion exhaust gas was confirmed to be extremely small at 0.02 ppm. Therefore, it can be effectively used as clean energy.

Furthermore, in each experimental device, only the water molecules are supplied without supplying fuel into the gas generation chamber to generate gaseous superheated dry steam in which the bond between hydrogen and oxygen is unstable, and this superheated dry steam is taken out to another line. In another line, by passing the easily oxidizable substance through a filter, the substance and oxygen are oxidized and removed to remove only hydrogen gas, and the hydrogen gas is used as fuel. You can also.

In short, in the present invention, by heating water molecules to convert the saturated steam into gaseous superheated dry steam, leaving the bond between hydrogen and oxygen in an unstable state, and supplying a substance that undergoes an oxidation reaction with oxygen to supply hydrogen If the substance that oxidizes and reacts with oxygen is fuel, it can be used as a mixed gas of hydrogen and oxide fuel for combustion, and the substance that oxidizes and reacts with oxygen is not fuel. If it is a mineral such as iron, it can be extracted as hydrogen gas. Industrial applicability

As described above, the method for burning aqueous fuel according to the present invention is a method for effectively utilizing water as a fuel, a method for saving energy, and a method for preventing environmental pollution because it is clean energy. Useful as

Further, the aqueous fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention is useful as an apparatus used for carrying out such an aqueous fuel combustion method, and has a simple configuration. Therefore, it can be widely used as boilers or various internal combustion engines for industrial use.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. Water molecules are introduced into the gas generating chamber which is heated from the outside and is in a high-temperature vacuum state, and further heated from saturated steam to form gaseous superheated dry steam in which the bond between hydrogen and oxygen becomes unstable.

A sufficient amount of liquid fossil fuel for the oxidation reaction with oxygen is introduced into the gas generation chamber and vaporized,

Mixing the gaseous superheated dry steam with the vaporized fuel to produce a high-temperature mixed gas of hydrogen gas and oxide gas;

Injecting the high-temperature mixed gas from a burner to burn;

How to burn aqueous fuel, characterized by

2. The water fuel combustion method according to claim 1, wherein the water molecules introduced into the gas generation chamber are in a liquid or vaporized state.

3. The method for burning aqueous fuel according to claim 2, wherein the heating temperature in the gas generation chamber is 400 ° C. or higher.

4. The method for burning aqueous fuel according to claim 1, wherein at least gaseous superheated dry steam is irradiated with ultraviolet rays.

5. A gas generation chamber having an inlet for introducing water molecules and fossil fuels on one side and an outlet for extracting a high-temperature mixed gas on the other side;

Heating means for heating the gas generation chamber;

A burner detachably connected to the outlet portion.

6. The aqueous fuel combustion device according to claim 5, wherein the gas generating chamber is formed of a heat-resistant material and a coil-shaped space.

7. The aqueous fuel combustion according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the gas generation chamber is formed of a heat-resistant material mainly composed of transparent or translucent quartz or silicon. Dress

8. The aqueous fuel combustion device according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein an ultraviolet irradiation means is provided near the gas generation chamber.

9. The aqueous fuel combustion device according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, wherein a temperature sensor is disposed in the gas generation chamber.