WO1998000496A1 - Compositions nettoyantes - Google Patents

Compositions nettoyantes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998000496A1
WO1998000496A1 PCT/US1997/011677 US9711677W WO9800496A1 WO 1998000496 A1 WO1998000496 A1 WO 1998000496A1 US 9711677 W US9711677 W US 9711677W WO 9800496 A1 WO9800496 A1 WO 9800496A1
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Prior art keywords
surfactant
alkyl
weight
composition according
fatty acid
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PCT/US1997/011677
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English (en)
Inventor
Alan Brooks
Charles Marie Alain Du Reau
Russell Philip Elliott
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The Procter & Gamble Company
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Publication of WO1998000496A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998000496A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3769—(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/39—Derivatives containing from 2 to 10 oxyalkylene groups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/42—Amides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/46—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur
    • A61K8/466—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur containing sulfonic acid derivatives; Salts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/65—Mixtures of anionic with cationic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
    • C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
    • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
    • C11D3/227—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin with nitrogen-containing groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3707—Polyethers, e.g. polyalkyleneoxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3723—Polyamines or polyalkyleneimines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3726—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/373—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicones
    • C11D3/3742—Nitrogen containing silicones
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/59—Mixtures
    • A61K2800/596—Mixtures of surface active compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
    • C11D1/06—Ether- or thioether carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
    • C11D1/525—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain two or more hydroxy groups per alkyl group, e.g. R3 being a reducing sugar rest

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to cleansing compositions.
  • cleansing compositions In particular it relates to mild personal cleansing compositions with good skin feel attributes, rinsing behaviour and foaming properties which are suitable for simultaneously cleansing and conditioning the skin and/or the hair and which may be used, for example, in the form of foam bath preparations, shower products, skin cleansers, hand, face and body cleansers, shampoos, etc.
  • Mild cosmetic compositions must satisfy a number of criteria including cleansing power, foaming properties and mildness/low irritancy/good feel with respect to the skin, hair and the ocular mucosae.
  • Skin is made up of several layers of cells which coat and protect the keratin and collagen fibrous proteins that form the skeleton of its structure. The outermost of these layers, referred to as the stratum corneum, is known to be composed of 250 A protein bundles surrounded by 80 A thick layers. Hair similarly has a protective outer coating enclosing the hair fibre which is called the cuticle.
  • Anionic surfactants can penetrate the stratum corneum membrane and the cuticle and, by delipidization, destroy membrane integrity. This interference with skin and hair protective membranes can lead to a rough skin feel and eye irritation and may eventually permit the surfactant to interact with the keratin and hair proteins creating irritation and loss of barrier and water retention functions.
  • Ideal cosmetic cleansers should cleanse the skin or hair gently, without defatting and/or drying the hair and skin and without irritating the ocular mucosae or leaving skin taut after frequent use.
  • Most lathering soaps, shower and bath products, shampoos and bars fail in this respect.
  • Certain synthetic surfactants are known to be mild.
  • a major drawback of most mild synthetic surfactant systems when formulated for shampooing or personal cleansing is poor lather performance compared to the highest shampoo and bar soap standards.
  • surfactants that are among the mildest are marginal in lather.
  • the use of known high sudsing anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulphates with lather boosters can yield acceptable lather volume and quality but at the expense of clinical skin mildness.
  • compositions having improved skin feel and moisturisation attributes, both in use and after use, which deliver excellent lather, cleaning and rinsing attributes in combination with desirable product stability characteristics can be formed by the combination of particular alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactants, polyhydroxy fatty acid amide nonionic surfactants, other mild surfactants and, optionally, cationic poymers.
  • the subject of the present invention is a mild, foam-producing, easily rinsed, cleansing product suitable for personal cleansing of the skin or hair and which may be used, for example, as shower products, skin cleansers, hand, face and body cleansers and shampoos, etc.
  • a personal cleansing composition comprising:
  • R.3 is a hydrocarbyl chain having an average carbon chain length of from about 10 to about 15 carbon atoms, and having a molar average number of from about 2 to about 7 ethylene oxide units (k) per mole of fatty alcohol, and a cation M;
  • R ⁇ is C5-C31 hydrocarbyl
  • R9 is hydrogen, C j-Cs alkyl or hydroxyalkyl
  • Z2 is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety
  • a water-soluble auxiliary surfactant other than the alkyl ethoxy carboxylate of (a) or the polyhydroxy fatty acid amide of (b), selected from anionic surfactant, nonionic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants and mixtures thereof; and
  • the invention takes the form of a foam producing liquid personal cleansing composition with superior skin feel and mildness characteristics, excellent rinsing behaviour, improved perceived dryness and expertly graded dryness and skin hydration measurements and trans epidermal water loss (TEWL), combined with excellent lathering, good stability, cleansing ability and conditioning performance.
  • TEWL trans epidermal water loss
  • a liquid personal cleansing composition comprising:
  • R ⁇ is a hydrocarbyl chain having an average carbon chain length of from about 10 to about 15 carbon atoms, and having a molar average number of from about 2 to about 7 ethylene oxide units (k) per mole of fatty alcohol, and a cation M;
  • Rg is C5-C3 ⁇ hydrocarbyl
  • R9 is hydrogen, Cj-C ⁇ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl
  • Z2 is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety
  • compositions herein are based on a combination of alkyl ethoxy carboxylates with other mild surfactants and, optionally polymeric skin conditioning agents. Preferred embodiments also contain perfume or cosmetic oils.
  • compositions of the present invention contain, as an essential component an alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactant at a level of from about 0.1% to about 15%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 6% and especially from about 1% to about 4% by weight.
  • the alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactant is particularly valuable in the compositions according to the present invention for the delivery of excellent skin mildness attributes in combination with excellent rinsing performance and desirable lather characteristics.
  • Alkyl ethoxy carboxylates suitable for use herein have the general formula (I):
  • R3 is a straight or branched hydrocarbyl chain, preferably, a o to C]5 alkyl or alkenyl group, more preferably a Ci I -C15 , most preferably a C12-C14 alkyl or C12-C 13 alkyl group
  • k ranges from about 2 to about 7, preferably from about 2.5 to about 6, more preferably from about 3 to about 6.5, even more preferably from about 3.5 to about 5.5, especially from about 4 to about 5, most preferably from about 4 to about 4.5
  • M is a cation, preferably a water- solubilizing cation, preferably an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, lower alkanol ammonium, and mono-, di-, and tri-ethanol ammonium, aminomethyl propanol (available as AMP-95 (RTM) from Angus Chemicals), tetrahydroxypropyl ethylene diamine (available as Neutrol TE (RTM) from BASF) more
  • Alkyl sulphate and alkyl ethoxy sulphate surfactants are well known for use in personal cleansing compositions. It is known that alkyl sulphate can deliver excellent lather attributes, but at the expense of mildness. Ethoxylated alkyl sulphate surfactants demonstrate improved mildness, versus alkyl sulphate, but at the expense of lather. The lather performance of ethoxylated alkyl sulphate surfactants decreases with increasing level of ethoxylation. At levels of ethoxylation of greater than about 4, alkyl ethoxy sulphates deliver good mildness results, but poor lather performance.
  • k can be calculated from analysis of the alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactants of the present invention, according to conventional analytical techniques.
  • value of k for a given alkyl ethoxy carboxyate, will generally correlate to the level of ethoxylation for the corresponding fatty alcohol precursor, k can also be calculated from analysis of the fatty alcohol precursor.
  • Fatty alcohol presursors for the alkyl ethoxy carboxylates of the present invention have the general formula:
  • the alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactant according to the present invention does comprise such an ethoxylate distribution (k)
  • the preferred ethoxylate distribution (k) is such that, on a weight basis (of alkyl ethoxy carboxylic acid), the amount of material where k is 0 or 1 is less than about 15%, preferably less than about 10%, more preferably less than about 5% by weight.
  • the desired distribution of ethoxy carboxylates (k) may be derived by converting an appropriate distribution of ethoxylated alcohol precursors, to ethoxy carboxylates, by methods known in the art and described hereinafter.
  • the preferred average values of k are in the range of from about 3 to about 6 when R ⁇ is a hydrocarbyl chain having an average chain length of from C ⁇ to C ⁇ 4 carbon atoms.
  • Preferred alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactants suitable for use herein are the Cj2 to C 14 (EO 3-6) ethoxy carboxylates and the C 12 to C 13 (EO 3-6) ethoxy carboxylates. Suitable materials include salts of NEODOX 23-4 (TM) available from Shell Inc. (Houston, Texas, USA).
  • alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactants wherein, when R ⁇ is a C 12-C 14 or C ⁇ 2-C 13 alkyl group and the average value of k is in the range of from about 3 to about 6, more preferably from about 3.5 to about 5.5, especially from about 4 to about 5 and most preferably from about 4 to about 4.5.
  • the excellent rinsing and foaming performance of alkyl ethoxy carboxylates having a selected ethoxylate distribution of less than about 15% of k equal to 0 and 1 is related to the minimisation of the interaction between low k value alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactants and cations in the wash water.
  • alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactants having average values of R3 in the range of from about 12 to about 14 or from about 12 to about 13 and selected values of k.
  • Such narrow range ethoxylates are particularly valuable for the delivery of excellent mildness, lathering and cleaning attributes whilst maintaining the desirable rinsing and stability properties of the compositions according to the present invention.
  • a personal cleansing composition comprising:
  • R ⁇ is a hydrocarbyl chain having an average carbon chain length of from about 10 to about 15 carbon atoms, and having a molar average number of from about 2 to about 7 ethylene oxide units (k) per mole of fatty alcohol, and a cation M;
  • Rg is C5-C31 hydrocarbyl, Ro. is hydrogen, Cj-Cs alkyl or hydroxyalkyl and Z2 is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety;
  • auxiliary surfactant other than the alkyl ethoxy carboxylate of (a) or the polyhydroxy fatty acid amide of (b), selected from anionic surfactant, nonionic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants and mixtures thereof;
  • Suitable alcohol precursors of the alkyl ethoxy carboxylates of this invention are primary aliphatic alcohols containing from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms.
  • Other suitable primary aliphatic alcohols are the linear primary alcohols obtained from the hydrogenation of vegetable or animal fatty acids such as coconut, palm kernel, and tallow fatty acids or by ethylene build up reactions and subsequent hydrolysis as in the Ziegler type processes.
  • Preferred alcohols are n-octyl, n- nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n- pentadecyl, and n-hexadecyl.
  • Other suitable alcohol precursors include primary alcohols having a proportion of branching on the beta or 2- carbon atoms wherein the alkyl branch contains from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. In such alcohols at least 30% of the alcohol of each specific chain is desirably linear and the branching preferably comprises about 50% of methyl groups with smaller amounts of ethyl, propyl and butyl groups.
  • These alcohols are conveniently produced by reaction of linear olefins having from about 1 1 to 17 carbon atoms with carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Both linear and branched chain alcohols are formed by these processes and the mixtures can either be used as such or can be separated into individual components and then recombined to give the desired blend.
  • the desired average ethoxy chain length on the alcohol ethoxylate can be obtained by using a catalysed ethoxylation process, wherein the molar amount of ethylene oxide reacted with each equivalent of fatty alcohol will correspond to the average number of ethoxy groups on the alcohol ethoxylated.
  • the addition of ethylene oxide to alkanols is known to be promoted by a catalyst, most conventionally a catalyst of either strongly acidic or strongly basic character.
  • Suitable basic catalysts are the basic salts of the alkali metals of Group I of the Periodic Table, e.g. sodium, potassium, rubidium, and caesium, and the basic salts of certain of the alkaline earth metals of Group II of the Periodic Table, e.g.
  • Suitable acidic catalysts include, broadly, the Lewis acid Friedel-Crafts catalysts. Specific examples of these catalysts are the fluorides, chlorides, and bromides of baron, antimony, tungsten, iron, nickel, zinc, tin, aluminium, titanium, and molybdenum. The use of complexes of such halides with, for example, alcohols, ethers, carboxylic acids, and amines have also been reported.
  • Still other examples of known acidic alkoxylation catalysts are sulf ⁇ ric and phosphoric acids; perchloric acid and the perchlorates of magnesium, calcium, manganese, nickel, and zinc; metals oxalates, sulfates, phosphates, carboxylates, and acetates; alkali metal fluoroborates, zinc titanate; and metal salts of benzene sulfonic acid.
  • the type of catalyst used will determine the distribution of the range of ethoxy groups. Stronger catalysts will result in a very tight or narrow distribution of the ethoxy groups around the mean. Weaker catalysts will result in a wider distribution.
  • the surfactant mixture also contains from 0% to about 10%, preferably less than about 8%, most preferably less than about 5% by weight (of the alkyl ethoxy carboxylic acid), of alcohol ethoxylates of the formula RO(CH2CH2 ⁇ ) n H wherein R is a C12 to C ⁇ alkyl group and n ranges from 0 to about 10 and the average n is less than 6.
  • the surfactant mixture also contains 0% to about 10%, preferably less than about 8%, most preferably less than about 5% (by weight of the alkyl ethoxy carboxylic acid), of soaps of the formula RCOO"M + wherein R is a C i ] to C 15 alkyl group and M is a cation as described above.
  • the uncarboxylated alcohol ethoxylates noted above are a detriment to the alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactant mixture. Therefore, it is important that the level of uncarboxylated material be controlled, a level of less than 10% by weight of the alcohol ethoxylates is desirable. Although commercially available alkyl ethoxy carboxylates contain 10% or more of alcohol ethoxylates, there are known routes to obtain the desired high purity alkyl ethoxy carboxylates.
  • unreacted alcohol ethoxylates can be removed by steam distillation, US-A-4,098,818 (Example 1), or by recrystallization of the alkyl ethoxy carboxylate, GB-A- 1,027,481 (Example 1 ).
  • Other routes to the desired carboxylates are the reaction of sodium hydroxide or sodium metal and monochloracetic acetic, or its salt,- with alcohol ethoxylates under special pressure and temperature combinations, as described in US-A-3, 992,443 and US-A-4,098,818; and JP-A-50-24215.
  • a hindered base such as potassium tertbutoxide can replace the sodium hydroxide in the above cited patents, thus yielding high purity alkyl ethoxy carboxylates with less stringent temperature and pressure requirements.
  • a hindered base of the formula RO"M + constituting generally an alkyl group, a reactive oxygen centre, and a cation is used.
  • the structure of this hindered base is secondary or tertiary and contains a non-linear alkyl group with at least one site of branching within 3 carbon atoms of the reactive centre, the oxygen atom, and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cation.
  • the process comprises reacting the alcohol ethoxylates with the hindered base described above and either anhydrous chloroacetic acid, at a molar ratio of the hindered base to the anhydrous chloroacetic acid of 2: 1, or an alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt of anhydrous chloroacetic acid, at a molar ratio of the hindered base to the alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt of chloroacetic acid of 1 : 1, wherein the molar ratio of the ethoxylated fatty alcohol to the anhydrous chloroacetic acid or the alkali metal salt of alkaline earth metal salt thereof is from about 1 :0.7 to about 1 : 1.25, the temperature is from about 20 to 140°C, and the pressure is from about 1 to 760 mm Hg.
  • the level of soap in the product should be no more than about 10%, preferably less than 5%.
  • compositions according to the present invention comprise as an essential feature a polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactant at a level of from about 0.1% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, and especially from about 1% to about 8% by weight.
  • Polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants suitable for use in the personal cleansing compositions of the present invention have the general formula (III).
  • the preferred N-alkyl, N-alkoxy or N-aryloxy, polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants according to formula (III) are those in which Rg is C5-C31 hydrocarbyl, preferably C6-C 19 hydrocarbyl, including straight-chain and branched chain alkyl and alkenyl, or mixtures thereof and R9 is typically hydrogen, Cj-Cs alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, preferably methyl, or a group of formula -Rl-O-R ⁇ wherein R is C2-C8 hydrocarbyl including straight-chain, branched-chain and cyclic (including aryl), and is preferably C2-C4 alkylene, R ⁇ is C ⁇ -C% straight-chain, branched-chain and cyclic hydrocarbyl including aryl and oxyhydrocarbyl, and is preferably C1-C4 alkyl, especially methyl, or phenyl.
  • Z2 is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 2 (in the case of glyceraldehyde) or at least 3 hydroxyls (in the case of other reducing sugars) directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative (preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated) thereof.
  • Z2 preferably will be derived from a reducing sugar in a reductive ammination reaction, most preferably Z2 is a glycityl moiety.
  • Suitable reducing sugars include glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose, and xylose, as well as glyceraldehyde.
  • Z2 preferably will be selected from the group consisting of -CH2- (CHOH) n -CH 2 OH, -CH(CH 2 OH)-(CHOH) n .1 -CH 2 H,
  • n is an integer from 1 to 5, inclusive, and R' is H or a cyclic mono- or poly-saccharide, and alkoxylated derivatives thereof.
  • R' is H or a cyclic mono- or poly-saccharide, and alkoxylated derivatives thereof.
  • n is 4, particularly -CH2 ⁇ (CHOH)4-CH2 ⁇ H.
  • the most preferred polyhydroxy fatty acid amide has the formula R8(CO)N(CH3)CH2(CHOH)4CH2 ⁇ H wherein Rg is a C6-C19 straight chain alkyl or alkenyl group.
  • R ⁇ - CO-N ⁇ can be, for example, cocoamide, stearamide, oleamide, lauramide, myristamide, capricamide, palmiamide, tallowamide, etc.
  • compositions comprising a mixture of alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactant and polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactant wherein the ratio of carboxylate to amide surfactant is from about 3 : 1 to about 1 : 3, preferably from about 2: 1 to about 1 : 2, more preferably from about 1.5 : 1 to about 1 : 1.5 and especially about 1 :1.
  • a process for making the above compounds having formula (III) comprises reacting a fatty acid triglyceride or a fatty methyl ester with an N-substituted polyhydroxy amine in the substantial absence of lower (C1-C4) alcoholic solvent, but preferably with an alkoxylated alcohol or alkoxylated alkyl phenol such as NEODOL and using an alkoxide catalyst at temperatures of from about 50°C to about 140°C to provide high yields (90-98%) of the desired products.
  • Suitable processes for making the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amide compounds are outlined in US-A-5, 194,639 and US-A-5,380,891.
  • compositions of the present invention comprise a mild surfactant system of water-soluble auxiliary surfactants.
  • Mild surfactants suitable for inclusion in compositions according to the present invention generally have a lipophilic chain length of from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and can be selected from anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants and mixtures thereof.
  • the total level of auxiliary surfactant is preferably from about 2% to about 40%, more preferably from about 3% to about 15%, and especially from about 3% to about 10% by weight.
  • the compositions may comprise a mixture of anionic with zwitterionic and/or amphoteric surfactants.
  • the level of the individual auxiliary anionic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactant components, where present, is in the range from about 1% to about 15%, and especially from about 1% to about 10% by weight of the composition, while the level of nonionic surfactant, where present, is in the range from about 0.1% to about 20% by weight, preferably from about 0.5% to about 16%, more preferably from about 1% to about 12% by weight.
  • the weight ratio of auxiliary anionic surfactant: zwitterionic and/or amphoteric surfactant is in the range from about 1 :10 to about 10:1, preferably from about 1 :5 to about 5:1 , more preferably from about 1 :3 to about 3:1.
  • compositions within the scope of the invention comprise mixtures of anionic, zwitterionic and/or amphoteric surfactants with one or more nonionic surfactants.
  • Preferred for use herein are soluble or dispersible nonionic surfactants selected from ethoxylated animal and vegetable oils and fats and mixtures thereof, sometimes referred to herein as "oil-derived" nonionic surfactants.
  • compositions of the invention can also comprise an auxiliary water-soluble anionic surfactant at levels from about 0.1% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, and especially from about 1 % to about 8% by weight.
  • Water soluble auxiliary anionic surfactants suitable for inclusion in the compositions of the invention can generally be described as mild synthetic detergent surfactants and include alkyl sulphates, ethoxylated alkyl sulfates, alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates, methyl acyl taurates, fatty acyl glycinates, N-acyl glutamates, acyl isethionates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl ethoxysulphosuccinates, alpha-sulfonated fatty acids, their salts and/or their esters, alkyl phosphate esters, ethoxylated alkyl phosphate esters, alkyl sulphates, acyl sarcosinates and fatty acid/protein condensates, and mixtures thereof.
  • Alkyl and/or acyl chain lengths for these surfactants are C12-C22- preferably C12-C18 more
  • Surfactants of this class include short-chain alkyl sulphate surfactants where 'short chain' as defined herein means an average carbon chain length of C J O or less.
  • the short chain alkyl sulphate surfactants of the present invention are valuable in shower gel compositions for the delivery of improved skin mildness attributes and product rinsing benefits in combination with a desirable lather profile.
  • Alkyl sulphate surfactants suitable for inclusion in the compositions of the present invention have the general formula (II);
  • R is straight or branched chain alkyl, preferably straight chain, containing on average from about 8 to about 10 carbon atoms, preferably about 10 carbon atoms and wherein M is selected from alkali metals, ammonium or other suitable monovalent cation or mixtures thereof.
  • C% is an average value and as such may contain certain proportions of both higher and lower carbon chain lengths as a direct function of its synthesis. The level of such material can be achieved by modification of the process and the nature of the starting materials. While CJO alkyl sulphate is the preferred surfactant in the compositions of the invention mixtures of short chain alkyl sulphates may also be used.
  • C J O alkyl sulphate material containing at least about 80% by weight of the C 10 . preferably at least about 90% C 1 Q, more preferably at least about 95% C ⁇ Q and especially at least about 99% C ⁇ Q alkyl sulphate.
  • Suitable short chain alkyl sulphate materials are available from Albright and Wilson under the trade names Empicol LC35 and Empicol 0758F.
  • the auxiliary short chain alkyl sulphate surfactant may be present at a level of from about 0.01% to about 15%, preferably from about 1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 25 to about 5% by weight.
  • the " ratio of auxiliary short chain alkyl sulphate, where present, to alkyl ethoxy carboxylate is preferably in the range of from about 1 : 6 to about 6 : 1 , more preferably in the range of from about 1 : 5 to about 5 : 1 , most especially from about 1 : 3 to about 3 : 1.
  • auxiliary water-soluble anionic surfactants suitable for use in the compositions according to the present invention are the salts of sulfuric acid esters of the reaction product of 1 mole of a higher fatty alcohol and from about 1 to about 12 moles of ethylene oxide, with sodium, ammonium and magnesium being the preferred counterions.
  • Particularly preferred are the alkyl ethoxy sulphates containing from about 2 to 6, preferably 2 to 4 moles of ethylene oxide, such as sodium laureth-2 sulphate, sodium laureth-3 sulphate and magnesium sodium laureth-3.6 sulphate.
  • the anionic surfactant contains at least about 50% especially at least about 75% by weight of ethoxylated alkyl sulphate.
  • ethoxylated alkyl sulphates obtained from narrow range ethoxylates are also suitable water- soluble auxiliary anionic surfactants for use in the present compositions.
  • Narrow range ethoxylated alkyl sulphates suitable for use herein are selected from sulphated alkyl ethoxylates containing on average from about 1 to about 6, preferably from about 2 to about 4 and especially about 3 moles of ethylene oxide such as NRE sodium laureth-3 sulphate.
  • NRE materials suitable for use herein contain distributions of the desired ethylene oxide (EO n ) in the ranges of from 15% to about 30% by weight of EO n , from about 10% to about 20% by weight of EO n + ⁇ and from about 10% to about 20% by weight of EO n _ 1 - Highly preferred NRE materials contain less than about 9% by weight of ethoxylated alkyl sulphate having 7 or more moles of ethylene oxide and less than about 13% by weight of non-ethoxylated alkyl sulphate.
  • Suitable laureth 3 sulphate NRE materials are available from Hoechst under the trade names GENAPOL ARO Narrow Range and GENAPOL Narrow Range.
  • compositions according to the present invention may include an auxiliary nonionic surfactant other than the essential polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants as detailed herein before.
  • Suitable water- soluble auxiliary nonionic surfactants include C12-C18 fatty acid mono-and dialkanolamides such as cocoethanolamide, cocomonoisopropylamide, cocodiethanolamide and ethoxylated derivatives thereof, sucrose polyester surfactants and
  • compositions for use herein may also contain a water-soluble auxiliary amphoteric surfactant at a level of from about 0.1% to about 20%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 1% to about 8% by weight.
  • auxiliary amphoteric surfactants suitable for use in the compositions of the invention include:
  • Rj is C7-C22 alkyl or alkenyl
  • R2 is hydrogen or CH2Z
  • each Z is independently CO2M or CH2CO2M
  • M is H, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium; and/or ammonium derivatives of formula (V)
  • R ⁇ , R2 and Z are as defined above;
  • n, m, p, and q are numbers from 1 to 4, and R ⁇ and M are independently selected from the groups specified above;
  • Suitable amphoteric surfactants of type (a) are marketed under the trade name Miranol and Empigen and are understood to comprise a complex mixture of species.
  • Miranols have been described as having the general formula IV, although the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 3rd Edition indicates the non-cyclic structure V while the 4th Edition indicates yet another structural isomer in which R2 is O-linked rather than N-linked.
  • CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 3rd Edition indicates the non-cyclic structure V while the 4th Edition indicates yet another structural isomer in which R2 is O-linked rather than N-linked.
  • a complex mixture of cyclic and non-cyclic species is likely to exist and both definitions are given here for sake of completeness. Preferred for use herein, however, are the non-cyclic species.
  • amphoteric surfactants of type (a) include compounds of formula IV and/or V in which Ri is CsH ⁇ (especially iso-capryl), C9H19 and C 1 1H23 alkyl.
  • Ri is CsH ⁇ (especially iso-capryl), C9H19 and C 1 1H23 alkyl.
  • Rj is C9H19, Z is CO2M and R2 is H
  • R ⁇ is C ⁇ ⁇ W__ , Z is CO2M and R2 is CH2CO2M
  • the compounds in which R ⁇ is C ⁇ 1H23, Z is CO2M and R2 is H are examples of suitable amphoteric surfactants of type (a) include compounds of formula IV and/or V in which Ri is CsH ⁇ (especially iso-capryl), C9H19 and C 1 1H23 alkyl.
  • Rj is C9H19, Z is CO2M and R2 is H
  • R ⁇ is C ⁇ ⁇ W__ , Z is CO2M and R2 is
  • materials suitable for use in the present invention include cocoamphocarboxypropionate, cocoamphocarboxy propionic acid, and especially cocoamphoacetate and cocoamphodiacetate (otherwise referred to as cocoamphocarboxyglycinate).
  • Specific commercial products include those sold under the trade names of Ampholak 7TX (sodium carboxy methyl tallow polypropyl amine), Empigen CDL60 and CDR 60 (Albright & Wilson), Miranol H2M Cone. Miranol C2M Cone. N.P., Miranol C2M Cone.
  • Miranol C2M SF Miranol CM Special (Rh ⁇ ne-Poulenc); Alkateric 2CIB (Alkaril Chemicals); Amphoterge W- 2 (Lonza, Inc.); Monateric CDX-38, Monateric CSH-32 (Mona Industries); Rewoteric AM-2C (Rewo Chemical Group); and Schercotic MS-2 (Scher Chemicals).
  • amphoteric surfactants of this type are manufactured and sold in the form of electroneutral complexes with, for example, hydroxide counterions or with anionic sulfate or sulfonate surfactants, especially those of the sulfated C8-Cj alcohol, Cg-Ci 8 ethoxylated alcohol or C " 8-Ci acyl glyceride types.
  • anionic sulfate or sulfonate surfactants especially those of the sulfated C8-Cj alcohol, Cg-Ci 8 ethoxylated alcohol or C " 8-Ci acyl glyceride types.
  • compositions which are essentially free of (non-ethoxylated) sulfated alcohol surfactants are based herein on the uncomplexed forms of the surfactants, any anionic surfactant counterions being considered as part of the overall anionic surfactant component content.
  • amphoteric surfactants of type (b) include N-alkyl polytrimethylene poly-, carboxymethylamines sold under the trade names Ampholak X07 and Ampholak 7CX by Berol Nobel and also salts, especially the triethanolammonium salts and salts of N- lauryl-beta-amino propionic acid and N-lauryl-imino-dipropionic acid. Such materials are sold under the trade name Deriphat by Henkel and Mirataine by Rh ⁇ ne-Poulenc.
  • compositions herein can also contain from about 0.1%o to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, and especially from about 1% to about 8% of a zwitterionic surfactant.
  • Water-soluble auxiliary betaine surfactants suitable for inclusion in the compositions of the present invention include alkyl betaines of the formula R5R6RyN + (CH2) n C ⁇ 2M and amido betaines of the formula (IX) R 6 R 5 CON ⁇ CH 2 ) m ( CH 2 ) n C0 2
  • R5 is Ci 1-C22 alkyl or alkenyl
  • R6 and R7 are independently C1-C3 alkyl
  • M is H
  • alkali metal alkaline earth metal
  • n, m are each numbers from 1 to 4.
  • Preferred betaines include cocoamidopropyldimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, laurylamidopropyldimethylcarboxymethyl betaine and Tego betaine (RTM).
  • Water-soluble auxiliary sultaine surfactants suitable for inclusion in the compositions of the present invention include alkylamido sultaines of the formula;
  • Rj is C7 to C22 alkyl or alkenyl
  • R2 and R3 are independently C ⁇ to C3 alkyl
  • M is H, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium
  • m and n are numbers from 1 to 4.
  • Preferred for use herein is coco amido propylhydroxy sultaine.
  • Water-soluble auxiliary amine oxide surfactants suitable for inclusion in the compositions of the present invention include alkyl amine oxide R5R6R7NO and amido amine oxides of the formula:
  • R 7 wherein R5 is C ⁇ ⁇ to C22 alkyl or alkenyl, R ⁇ and R7 are independently C ⁇ to C3 alkyl, M is H, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium and m is a number from 1 to 4.
  • Preferred amine oxides include cocoamidopropylamine oxide, lauryl dimethyl amine oxide and myristyl dimethyl amine oxide.
  • compositions according to the present invention can optionally include a polymeric cationic conditioning agent.
  • Polymeric cationic conditioning agents are valuable in the compositions according to the present invention for provision of desirable skin feel attributes.
  • the polymeric skin conditioning agent is preferably present at a level from about 0.01% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.01%) to about 3% and especially from about 0.01% to about 2% by weight.
  • Suitable polymers are high molecular weight materials (mass- average molecular weight determined, for instance, by light scattering, being generally from about 2,000 to about 5,000,000, preferably from about 5,000 to about 3,000,000 more preferably from 100,000 to about 1,000,000).
  • Representative classes of polymers include cationic polysaccharides; cationic homopolymers and copolymers derived from acrylic and/or methacrylic acid; cationic cellulose resins; cationic copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide and or acrylic acid; cationic homopolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride; cationic polyalkylene and ethoxypolyalkylene imines; quaternized silicones, and mixtures thereof.
  • cationic polymers suitable for use herein include cationic guar gums such as hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium guar gum (d.s. of from 0.1 1 to 0.22) available commercially under the trade names Jaguar C-14-S(RTM) and Jaguar C-17(RTM) and also Jaguar C-16(RTM), which contains hydroxypropyl substituents (d.s. of from 0.8-1.1 ) in addition to the above-specified cationic groups, and quaternized hydroxy ethyl cellulose ethers available commercially under the trade names Ucare Polymer JR-30M, JR-400, Catanal (RTM) and Celquat.
  • quaternized hydroxy ethyl cellulose ethers available commercially under the trade names Ucare Polymer JR-30M, JR-400, Catanal (RTM) and Celquat.
  • Suitable cationic polymers are homopolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride available commercially under the trade name Merquat 100, copolymers of dimethyl aminoethylmethacrylate and acrylamide, copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide, available commercially under the trade names Merquat 550 and Merquat S, acrylic acid/dimethyldiallylammonium chloride/acrylamide copolymers available under the trade name Merquat 3330, quaternized vinyl pyrrolidone acrylate or methacrylate copolymers of amino alcohol available commercially under the trade name Gafquat, for example Polyquaternium 1 1, 23 and 28 (quaternized copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and dimethyl aminoethylmethacrylate - Gafquat 755N and co-polymers of vinyl pyrrolidene and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylamide - HS-100), vinyl pyrrolidone
  • compositions of the invention preferably also contain from about 0.1 % to about 20%, preferably from about 1 % to about 15%, and more preferably from about 2% to about 10% by weight of an oil derived nonionic surfactant or mixture of oil derived nonionic surfactants.
  • Oil derived nonionic surfactants are valuable in compositions according to the invention for the provision of skin feel benefits both in use and after use.
  • Suitable oil derived nonionic surfactants for use herein include water soluble vegetable and animal- derived emollients such as triglycerides with a polyethyleneglycol chain inserted; ethoxylated mono and di-glycerides, polyethoxylated lanolins and ethoxylated butter derivatives.
  • One preferred class of oil-derived nonionic surfactants for use herein have the general formula (XII)
  • Suitable ethoxylated oils and fats of this class include polyethyleneglycol derivatives of glyceryl cocoate, glyceryl caproate, glyceryl caprylate, glyceryl tallowate, glyceryl palmate, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl laurate, glyceryl oleate, glyceryl ricinoleate, and glyceryl fatty esters derived from triglycerides, such as palm oil, almond oil, and corn oil, preferably glyceryl tallowate and glyceryl cocoate.
  • Suitable oil derived nonionic surfactants of this class are available from Croda Inc. (New York, USA) under their Crovol line of materials such as Crovol EP40 (PEG 20 evening primrose glyceride), Crovol EP 70 (PEG 60 evening primrose glyceride) Crovol A-40 (PEG 20 almond glyceride), Crovol A-70 (PEG 60 almond glyceride), Crovol M-40 (PEG 20 maize glyceride), Crovol M-70 (PEG 60 maize glyceride), Crovol PK-40 (PEG 12 palm kernel glyceride), and Crovol PK-70 (PEG 45 palm kernel glyceride) and under their Solan range of materials such as Solan E, E50 and X polyethoxylated lanolins and Aqualose L-20 (PEG 24 lanolin alcohol) and Aqualose W15 (PEG 15 lanolin alcohol) available from Westbrook Lanolin.
  • Crovol EP40 PEG 20 evening primrose glyceride
  • oil-derived emollients suitable for use are PEG derivatives of corn, avocado, and babassu oil, as well as Softigen 767 (PEG(6) caprylic/capric glycerides).
  • PEG-6 caprylic/capric glycerides PEG-6 caprylic/capric glycerides
  • nonionic surfactants derived from composite vegetable fats extracted from the fruit of the Shea Tree (Butyrospermum Karkii Kotschy) and derivatives thereof. This vegetable fat, known as Shea Butter is widely used in Central Africa for a variety of means such as soap making and as a barrier cream, it is marketed by Sederma (78610 Le Perray En Yvelines, France). Particularly suitable are ethoxylated derivatives of Shea butter available from Karlshamn Chemical Co.
  • Lipex range of chemicals such as Lipex 102 E-75 and Lipex 102 E-3 (ethoxylated mono, di-glycerides of Shea butter) and from Croda Inc. (New York, USA) under their Crovol line of materials such as Crovol SB-70 (ethoxylated mono, di-glycerides of Shea butter).
  • Crovol SB-70 ethoxylated mono, di-glycerides of Shea butter
  • ethoxylated derivatives of Mango, Cocoa and Illipe butter may be used in compositions according to the invention. Although these are classified as ethoxylated nonionic surfactants it is understood that a certain proportion may remain as non-ethoxylated vegetable oil or fat.
  • suitable oil-derived nonionic surfactants include ethoxylated derivatives of almond oil, peanut oil, rice bran oil, wheat germ oil, linseed oil, jojoba oil, oil of apricot pits, walnuts, palm nuts, pistachio nuts, sesame seeds, rapeseed, cade oil, corn oil, peach pit oil, poppyseed oil, pine oil, castor oil, soybean oil, avocado oil, safflower oil, coconut oil, hazelnut oil, olive oil, grapeseed oil, and sunflower seed oil.
  • Oil derived nonionic surfactants highly preferred for use herein from the viewpoint of optimum mildness and skin feel characteristics are Lipex 102-3 (RTM) (PEG-3 ethoxylated derivatives of Shea Butter) and Softigen 767 (RTM) (PEG-6 caprylic/capric glycerides).
  • compositions according to the present invention can also comprise lipophilic emulsifiers as skin care actives.
  • Suitable lipophilic skin care actives include anionic food grade emulsifiers which comprise a di-acid mixed with a monoglyceride such as succinylated monoglycerides, monostearyl citrate, glyceryl monostearate diacetyl tartrate and mixtures thereof.
  • the compositions of the invention may also include an insoluble perfume or cosmetic oil or wax or a mixture thereof at a level up to about 10%, preferably up to about 3% by weight wherein the oil or wax is insoluble in the sense of being insoluble in the product matrix at a temperature of 25°C.
  • compositions having excellent emolliency and mildness together with desirable physical attributes can be delivered which are essentially oil-free, ie which contain less than about 1%, preferably less than 0.5% by weight of an added oil phase.
  • preferred compositions of this type take the form of an optically-clear solution or microemulsion.
  • the weight ratio of oil-derived nonionic surfactant to added oil is at least about 1 :2, more especially at least about 3: 1.
  • Suitable insoluble cosmetic oils and waxes for use herein can be selected from water-insoluble silicones inclusive of non-volatile polyalkyl and polyaryl siloxane gums and fluids, volatile cyclic and linear polyalkylsiloxanes, polyalkoxylated silicones, amino and quaternary ammonium modified silicones, rigid cross-linked and reinforced silicones and mixtures thereof, C1-C24 esters of C8-C30 fatty acids such as isopropyl myristate, myristyl myristate and cetyl ricinoleate, Cg-C30 esters of benzoic acid, beeswax, saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols such as behenyl alcohol, hydrocarbons such as mineral oils, petrolatum squalane and squalene, polybutene, fatty sorbitan esters (see US-A-3988255, Seiden, issued October 26th 1976), lanolin and oil-like lanolin derivatives, animal
  • Nonionic water-soluble cellulose ethers can be used as additional skin moisturising and thickening agents in the compositions according to the present inventions
  • Widely used, commercially-available nonionic cellulose ethers include methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose.
  • Particularly preferred for use herein are hydrophobically modified hydroxy ethyl cellulose materials.
  • Highly preferred hydrophobically modified hydroxy ethyl cellulose (HMHEC) polymers suitable for use herein have a 1% aqueous viscosity in the range of from about 8,000 to about 50,000 mPas (Brookfield LVT viscometer, spindle No. 4, speed 4).
  • NATROSOL PLUS Grade 330 CS RTM
  • This material has a Cj6 alkyl substitution of from 0.4% to 0.8% by weight.
  • the hydroxyethyl molar substitution for this material is from 3.0 to 3.7.
  • the average molecular weight for the water-soluble cellulose prior to modification is approximately 300,000.
  • NATROSOL PLUS Grade 430 CS RTM
  • Another material of this type is sold under the trade name NATROSOL PLUS CS Grade D-67 (RTM), by Aqualon Company, Wilmington, Delaware. This material has a C ⁇ substitution of from 0.50%> to 0.95%), by weight. The hydroxyethyl molar substitution for this material is from 2.3 to 3.7. The average molecular weight for the water soluble cellulose prior to modification is approximately 700,000.
  • C14 - C j 8 alkyl and alkenyl modified hydroxy ethyl cellulose polymers having a degree of ethoxylation of from about 1.8 to about 3.2, preferably from about 2.0 to about 3.0, more preferably from about 2.2 to about 2.8 and an alkyl and alkenyl substitution level of from about 0.3 to about 0.8, preferably from about 0.4 to about 0.7, most preferably from about 5.5 to about 0.7 and especially about 0.65.
  • cetyl modified hydroxy ethyl cellulose polymers as available from the Aqualon Co. under the trade names Polysurf 67 (RTM) having a molecular weight of about 700,000.
  • HEUR nonionic hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethanes
  • Preferred HEURs suitable for use herein are those sold by Rohm & Haas under Acrysol 44 (RTM), by Berol Nobel under Bermodol 2101 (RTM), 2130 (RTM) and Bermodol Pur 2100 (RTM) and by Servo under the name Ser-Ad-FX- 100 (RTM).
  • HNP hydrophobically modified polyol
  • Suitable HNPs for use herein are fatty acid esters of glucosides such as PEG 120 methyl glucoside dioleate (available from Amercol under the trade name Glucamate DOE 120), PEG- 150 pentaerythrityl tetrastearate (available from Croda under the trade name Crothix (RTM)), PEG-75 dioleate (available from Kessco under the trade name PEG-4000 dioleate (RTM)) and PEG- 150 distearate (available from Witco under the trade name Witconal L32 (RTM)).
  • PEG 120 methyl glucoside dioleate available from Amercol under the trade name Glucamate DOE 120
  • PEG- 150 pentaerythrityl tetrastearate available from Croda under the trade name Crothix (RTM)
  • PEG-75 dioleate available from Kessco under the trade name PEG-4000 di
  • copolymer materials are valuable for both the delivery of excellent thickening properties and improved lathering characteristics with maintenance of desirable rinse feel attributes.
  • compositions can also comprise a nonionic or anionic polymeric thickening component, especially a water-soluble polymeric materials, having a molecular weight greater than about 20,000.
  • a nonionic or anionic polymeric thickening component especially a water-soluble polymeric materials, having a molecular weight greater than about 20,000.
  • water-soluble polymer is meant that the material will form a substantially clear solution in water at a 1% concentration at 25°C and the material will increase the viscosity of the water.
  • water- soluble polymers which may desirably be used as an additional thickening component in the present compositions, are hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, poly acrylamide, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol (examples include PVA 217 from Kurary Chemical Co., Japan), polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-120, dextrans, for example Dextran purified crude Grade 2P, available from D&O Chemicals, carboxymethyl cellulose, plant exudates such as acacia, ghatti, and tragacanth, seaweed extracts such as sodium alginate, propylene glycol alginate and sodium carrageenan.
  • Preferred as the additional thickeners for the present compositions are natural polysaccharide materials.
  • examples of such materials are guar gum, locust bean gum, and xanthan gum.
  • hydroxyethyl cellulose having a molecular weight of about 700,000.
  • Additional polymeric thickening agents include acrylic acid/ethyl acrylate copolymers and the carboxyvinyl polymers sold by the B.F. Goodrich Company under the trade mark of Carbopol resins. These resins consist essentially of a colloidally water-soluble polyalkenyl polyether crosslinked polymer of acrylic acid crosslinked with from 0.75% to 2.00% of a crosslinking agent such as for example polyallyl sucrose or polyallyl pentaerythritol. Examples include Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, Carbopol 950, Carbopol 980, Carbopol 951 and Carbopol 981.
  • Carbopol 934 is a water-soluble polymer of acrylic acid crosslinked with about 1% of a polyallyl ether of sucrose having an average of about 5.8 allyl groups for each sucrose molecule. Also suitable for use herein are hydrophobically-modified cross-linked polymers of acrylic acid having amphipathic properties available under the Trade Name Carbopol 1382, Carbopol 1342 and Pemulen TR-1 (CFTA Designation: Aery lates/ 10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer). A combination of the polyalkenyl polyether cross-linked acrylic acid polymer and hydrophobically modified cross-linked acrylic acid polymer is also suitable for use herein.
  • the polymeric thickening component if present in the compositions of the present invention, is at a level of from 0.1% to 10%, preferably 0.3% to 5.0%, more preferably from 0.4% to 3.0% by weight.
  • Further thickening agents suitable for use herein include ethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol esters of a fatty acid having from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms and up to 7 ethyleneoxy units, preferably the ethylene glycol stearates, both mono and distearate, but particularly the distearate containing less than about 7% of the mono stearate, alkanolamides of fatty acids, having from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms, preferably about 16 to 18 carbon atoms such as stearic monoethanolamide, stearic diethanolamide, stearic monoisopropanolamide and stearic monoethanolamide, alkyl (C ⁇ 6 - C22) dimethyl amine oxides such as stearyl dimethyl amine oxide and electrolytes such as magnesium sulphate and sodium chloride salts.
  • alkanolamides of fatty acids having from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms, preferably about 16 to 18 carbon atoms such as stearic monoethanolamide,
  • Fatty alcohol or fatty acid materials having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms as thickening components are also suitable for use as thickening agents in the compositions of the present invention.
  • Suitable fatty acid and fatty alcohol thickeners include Laurex NC ( 2/14 fatty alcohol) available from Albright and Wilson, or Dobanol 23 (C12/13 fatty alcohol), Dobanol 25 (C12-C15 fatty alcohol) and Dobanol 45 (C 14/15 fatty alcohol) available from Shell UK Ltd (also available under the Neodol trademark from Shell US Inc.) and Prifac 7908 (palm kernel fatty acid) available from Unichema.
  • thickening agents are fatty acid esters of glucosides such as PEG 120 methyl glucoside dioleate (available from Amercol under the trade name Glucamate DOE 120).
  • the additional thickening agent if present, is at a level of from 0.1 % to 10%, preferably from 0.3% to 5.0% by weight.
  • the viscosity of the final composition (Brookfield DV-II, 1 rpm with Cone CP41 or CP52, 25°C, neat) is preferably at least about 500 cps, more preferably from about 500 to about 50,000 cps, especially from about 1,000 to about 30,000 cps, more especially from about 2,000 to about 15,000 cps.
  • the cleansing compositions can optionally include other hair or skin moisturizers which are soluble in the cleansing composition matrix.
  • the preferred level of such moisturizers is from about 0.5% to about 20%) by weight.
  • the moisturizer is selected from essential amino acid compounds found naturally occurring in the stratum corneum of the skin and water-soluble nonpolyol nonocclusives and mixtures thereof.
  • Some examples of more preferred nonocclusive moisturizers are polybutene, squalane, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, D- panthenol, lactic acid, L-proline, guanidine, pyrrolidone, hydrolyzed protein and other collagen-derived proteins, aloe vera gel, acetamide MEA and lactamide MEA and mixtures thereof.
  • compositions according to the present invention may also include an opacifier or pearlescant agent. Such materials may be included at a level of from about 0.01% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.2% to about 1.3% by weight.
  • a suitable opacifier for inclusion in the present compositions is a polystyrene dispersion available under the trade names Lytron 621 & 631 (RTM) from Morton International.
  • Additional opacifiers/pearlescers suitable for inclusion in the compositions of the present invention include: titanium dioxide, Ti ⁇ 2- EUPERLAN 810 (RTM); TEGO-PEARL (RTM) and mixtures thereof In preferred compositions the opacifier/pearlescer is present in the form of crystals.
  • the opacifier/pearlescer is a particulate polystyrene dispersion having a particle size of from about 0.05 microns to about 0.45 microns, preferably from about 0.17 microns to about 0.3 microns, such dispersions being preferred from the viewpoint of providing optimum rheology and shear-thinning behaviour.
  • styrene PVP copolymer and Lyton 631 (RTM) is highly preferred.
  • a number of additional optional materials can be added to the cleansing compositions each at a level of from about 0.1% to about 2% by weight.
  • Such materials include proteins and polypeptides and derivatives thereof; water-soluble or solubilizable preservatives such as DMDM Hydantoin, Germall 1 15, methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl esters of hydroxybenzoic acid, EDTA, Euxyl (RTM) K400, natural preservatives such as benzyl alcohol, potassium sorbate and bisabalol; sodium benzoate and 2-phenoxyethanol; other moisturizing agents such as hyaluronic acid, chitin , and starch-grafted sodium polyacrylates such as Sanwet (RTM) IM-1000, IM-1500 and IM-2500 available from Celanese Superabsorbent Materials, Portsmith, VA, USA and described in US-A-4,076,663; solvents ; suitable anti-bacterial agents such as Oxeco (phenoxy isoprop
  • viscosity control agents such as magnesium sulfate and other electrolytes; colouring agents; Ti ⁇ 2 an d Ti ⁇ 2-coated mica; perfumes and perfume solubilizers; and zeolites such as Valfour BV400 and derivatives thereof and Ca2+/Mg2+ sequestrants such as polycarboxylates, amino polycarboxylates, polyphosphonates, amino polyphosphonates, EDTA etc, water softening agents such as sodium citrate and insoluble particulates such as zinc stearate and fumed silica. Water is also present at a level preferably of from about 20% to about 93.99%, preferably from about 40% to about 90%, more preferably at least about 75% by weight of the compositions herein.
  • the pH of the compositions is preferably from about 4 to about 10, more preferably from about 6 to about 9, especially from about 5 to about 8 and most preferably from about 5 to 7.5.
  • Polymer 1 Polymer JR-400(RTM) - hydroxyethylcellulose reacted with epichlorohydrin and quaternized with trimethylamine, m.wt. 4 x 10 ⁇
  • Thickener 1 Acrysol 44(RTM) - hydrophobically modified urethane from Rohm and Haas
  • compositions in the form of shower gel or bath foam products and which are representative of the present invention:
  • Compositions I to X can be prepared by firstly dispersing the water-soluble or colloidally water-soluble polymeric thickener (where present) in water at 25 °C either in a Tri-blender (RTM) or by extended stirring and hydration. The mixture can then be heated to about 50°C (and above) to enhance dispersion efficiency. The alkyl ethoxy carboxylate (pre-neutralised as discussed below) and auxiliary surfactants and other skin care agents can then be added along with the remaining water-soluble, oil-insoluble ingredients. The polymeric dispersion is then added to the ambient temperature mix and finally the remaining water, preservative, opacifier and perfume are added.
  • RTM Tri-blender
  • compositions according to the present invention utilise salts of alkyl ethoxy carboxylic acids.
  • a preferred means for the neutralisation of alkyl ethoxy carboxylic acid is, firstly to form a slurry of the acid (at an active level of below 30%) in water, using high shear mixing to preclude formation of a gel phase, followed by careful addition of base to generate the desired alkyl ethoxy carboxylate salt.
  • the compositions have a viscosity (Brookfield DVII, 1 rpm with Cone CP41 or CP52, 25°C, neat) in the range of from 500 to 50,000 cps, preferably from 1 ,000 to 20,000 cps.
  • the products provide excellent in-use and efficacy benefits including excellent rinsibility, mildness, skin conditioning, skin moisturising, good product stability, cleansing and lathering.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition nettoyante pour le corps constituée d'un tensioactif d'alkyl-éthoxy carboxylate, d'un tensioactif d'amide d'acide gras polyhydroylé non ionique, d'un tensioactif auxiliaire soluble dans l'eau autre qu'un alkyl-éthoxy carboxylate ou que l'amide d'acide gras polyhydroxylé et, éventuellement, d'un agent revitalisant polymère cationique. Les produits ainsi obtenus présentent des qualités d'utilisation excellentes, notamment: douceur, sensation d'une peau hydratée, excellente capacité de rinçage et enfin bonne stabilité du produit et bonne qualité de mousse.
PCT/US1997/011677 1996-07-03 1997-07-02 Compositions nettoyantes WO1998000496A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9613941.5 1996-07-03
GBGB9613941.5A GB9613941D0 (en) 1996-07-03 1996-07-03 Cleansing compositions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998000496A1 true WO1998000496A1 (fr) 1998-01-08

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Country Status (3)

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CN (1) CN1227597A (fr)
GB (1) GB9613941D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998000496A1 (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102286310A (zh) * 2010-06-21 2011-12-21 金奇集团金奇日化有限公司 一种液体洗涤剂的制备方法及其制品
WO2013087286A1 (fr) * 2011-12-12 2013-06-20 Unilever Plc Compositions pour lessiver
WO2013178670A3 (fr) * 2012-05-30 2014-06-26 Clariant International Ltd. Utilisation de n-méthyl-n-acylglucamines comme stabilisateurs au froid dans des solutions tensioactives
US20160074310A1 (en) * 2013-04-20 2016-03-17 Clariant International Ltd. Composition Containing Oil Bodies, Fatty Acids, Amino Acid Surfactants And N-Methyl-N-Acylglucamines
US20160136072A1 (en) * 2013-06-28 2016-05-19 Clariant International Ltd. Use of special N-methyl-N-acylglucamines in skin-cleaning agents and hand dishwashing agents
US20160272666A1 (en) * 2013-11-20 2016-09-22 Clariant International Ltd. Partially Crystalline Glucamide Compositions And Method For Preparing Same
US10772324B2 (en) 2012-11-03 2020-09-15 Clariant International Ltd. Aqueous adjuvant-compositions
US10813862B2 (en) 2012-05-30 2020-10-27 Clariant International Ltd. Use of N-methyl-N-acylglucamines as solubilizers
US10864275B2 (en) 2012-05-30 2020-12-15 Clariant International Ltd. N-methyl-N-acylglucamine-containing composition
US10920080B2 (en) 2015-10-09 2021-02-16 Clariant International Ltd. N-Alkyl glucamine-based universal pigment dispersions
US10961484B2 (en) 2015-10-09 2021-03-30 Clariant International Ltd. Compositions comprising sugar amine and fatty acid
US11220603B2 (en) 2016-05-09 2022-01-11 Clariant International Ltd. Stabilizers for silicate paints
US11425904B2 (en) 2014-04-23 2022-08-30 Clariant International Ltd. Use of aqueous drift-reducing compositions

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2013087287A1 (fr) * 2011-12-12 2013-06-20 Unilever Plc Compositions pour lessiver

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US5376310A (en) * 1990-11-16 1994-12-27 The Procter & Gamble Co. Alkaline light duty dishwashing detergent composition containing an alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactant, magnesium ions, chelator and buffer
US5378409A (en) * 1990-11-16 1995-01-03 The Procter & Gamble Co. Light duty dishwashing detergent composition containing an alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactant and ions

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US5376310A (en) * 1990-11-16 1994-12-27 The Procter & Gamble Co. Alkaline light duty dishwashing detergent composition containing an alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactant, magnesium ions, chelator and buffer
US5378409A (en) * 1990-11-16 1995-01-03 The Procter & Gamble Co. Light duty dishwashing detergent composition containing an alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactant and ions
US5264145A (en) * 1991-06-18 1993-11-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Personal cleansing freezer bar with selected fatty acid soaps and synthetic surfactant for reduced bathtub ring, improved mildness, and good lather

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102286310B (zh) * 2010-06-21 2013-02-13 金奇集团金奇日化有限公司 一种液体洗涤剂的制备方法及其制品
CN102286310A (zh) * 2010-06-21 2011-12-21 金奇集团金奇日化有限公司 一种液体洗涤剂的制备方法及其制品
WO2013087286A1 (fr) * 2011-12-12 2013-06-20 Unilever Plc Compositions pour lessiver
US10864275B2 (en) 2012-05-30 2020-12-15 Clariant International Ltd. N-methyl-N-acylglucamine-containing composition
WO2013178670A3 (fr) * 2012-05-30 2014-06-26 Clariant International Ltd. Utilisation de n-méthyl-n-acylglucamines comme stabilisateurs au froid dans des solutions tensioactives
US20150164755A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2015-06-18 Clariant Finance (Bvi0 Limited Use Of N-Methyl-N-Acylglucamines As Cold Stabilizers In Surfactant Solutions
JP2015519451A (ja) * 2012-05-30 2015-07-09 クラリアント・ファイナンス・（ビーブイアイ）・リミテッド 界面活性剤溶液中における低温安定剤としてのｎ−メチル−ｎ−アシルグルカミンの使用
US10813862B2 (en) 2012-05-30 2020-10-27 Clariant International Ltd. Use of N-methyl-N-acylglucamines as solubilizers
US10772324B2 (en) 2012-11-03 2020-09-15 Clariant International Ltd. Aqueous adjuvant-compositions
US20160074310A1 (en) * 2013-04-20 2016-03-17 Clariant International Ltd. Composition Containing Oil Bodies, Fatty Acids, Amino Acid Surfactants And N-Methyl-N-Acylglucamines
US20160136072A1 (en) * 2013-06-28 2016-05-19 Clariant International Ltd. Use of special N-methyl-N-acylglucamines in skin-cleaning agents and hand dishwashing agents
US20160272666A1 (en) * 2013-11-20 2016-09-22 Clariant International Ltd. Partially Crystalline Glucamide Compositions And Method For Preparing Same
US11425904B2 (en) 2014-04-23 2022-08-30 Clariant International Ltd. Use of aqueous drift-reducing compositions
US10920080B2 (en) 2015-10-09 2021-02-16 Clariant International Ltd. N-Alkyl glucamine-based universal pigment dispersions
US10961484B2 (en) 2015-10-09 2021-03-30 Clariant International Ltd. Compositions comprising sugar amine and fatty acid
US11220603B2 (en) 2016-05-09 2022-01-11 Clariant International Ltd. Stabilizers for silicate paints

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CN1227597A (zh) 1999-09-01

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