WO1997046086A1 - Appareil utilise en aquaculture - Google Patents

Appareil utilise en aquaculture Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997046086A1
WO1997046086A1 PCT/NZ1997/000022 NZ9700022W WO9746086A1 WO 1997046086 A1 WO1997046086 A1 WO 1997046086A1 NZ 9700022 W NZ9700022 W NZ 9700022W WO 9746086 A1 WO9746086 A1 WO 9746086A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
receptacle
shellfish
rotating means
rope
farming
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NZ1997/000022
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kevin Charles Yealands
Original Assignee
Marlborough Mussel Co. Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Marlborough Mussel Co. Limited filed Critical Marlborough Mussel Co. Limited
Priority to AU19485/97A priority Critical patent/AU1948597A/en
Publication of WO1997046086A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997046086A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • This invention relates to aquaculture and, more particularly, to an apparatus for use in fish farming, including shellfish farming.
  • Conventional methods of farming fish include the use of ropes or lines which hang down from floats on the sea surface. Such lines are seeded with shellfish spat, and then suspended from floats on the sea surface and anchored in place. The shellfish are then left to grow to marketable size. The growing shellfish require a flow of water, and constant access to nutrients.
  • a drawback with the conventional rope or line arrangement is that there is a need for regular checking by divers, or lifting of the rope, to ensure that the shellfish are not covered in seaweed or otherwise fouled preventing growth.
  • shellfish which have the ability to fix themselves to the rope or line can be farmed in this manner, although recently steps have been taken to try and cultivate shellfish such as scallops and the like by interdispersing them amongst self fixing species, thereby using those shellfish to secure the others which do not have that ability to the rope or line.
  • an apparatus for use in an aquatic environment comprising an enclosed receptacle, a receptacle rotating means, and floatation means to maintain the receptacle in a substantially constant relative relationship to the water surface, the apparatus being characterised in configuration and arrangement such that, in use, the receptacle rotating means periodically causes the receptacle to rotate.
  • An advantage of the present invention is that the regular rotation of the receptacle in which fish or shellfish are captured results in avoidance of a build up of sediment or other undesirable substances. Further, the "rumbling" effect of the shellfish removes any marine fouling organisms, and ensures that the shellfish grow at an even rate and to an even appearance. Still further, as a portion of the receptacle remains out of the water for a period any fouling organisms are killed by being dried out in the air.
  • the receptacle is elongate in shape following its rotational axis.
  • the sides of the receptacle are substantially formed from of a mesh-like material.
  • the receptacle may be tubular in shape, having end caps and a tubular, mesh, side wall fitted over a rigid space frame.
  • the receptacle may include or incorporate floats.
  • the receptacle incorporates one or more vanes mounted on the internal surface of the side wall, which vanes, in use, redistribute shellfish contained within the reoe ⁇ tacie-as the receptacle rotates.
  • catchment means may be provided on the interior of the side wall of the receptacle, such catchment means being configured and arranged to scoop up, in use, dead fish and other undesirable material and dispense such dead fish and other undesirable material into a collection means for subsequent removal.
  • the receptacle incorporates an access means to facilitate maintenance of the receptacle and to facilitate insertion, inspection or removal of any fish or shellfish.
  • the receptacle rotating means comprises a rope or line having an end anchorable below the water surface, the said rope or line being mounted about the receptacle in a manner enabling the receptacle to be caused to rotate about its rotational axis.
  • the receptacle rotating means is configured and arranged to cause the receptacle to rotate primarily in the same direction.
  • the receptacle rotating means it includes a counter weight attached to the free end of the rope or line.
  • the rope or line of the receptacle rotating means is wrapped around the circumference of the receptacle.
  • the receptacle rotating means includes guide means to ensure that the rope or line remains about the receptacle and does not, in use, become entangled.
  • rotational action of the receptacle may be dampened by way of dampening means to reduce the effect of water surface wave motion.
  • the floatation means comprises one or more pontoons on to which the receptacle is rotably mounted.
  • the floatation means may comprise flotation devices forming part of the receptacle.
  • a shellfish farming system comprising a plurality of apparatus according to the first broad aspect interconnected and arranged in parallel spaced apart relationship.
  • the receptacles are suspended between, and maintained in parallel spaced apart relationship by way of, a pair of parallel spaced apart ropes.
  • each apparatus includes at least two receptacles, with a said receptacle rotating means associated with each.
  • a method of farming shellfish comprising selecting one or more shellfish species for farming, obtaining appropriate shellfish spat, locating an apparatus according to the first broad aspect of this invention in an appropriate farming location, and rendering such apparatus operational, placing the obtained shellfish spat into the receptacle of the apparatus, and then monitoring the shellfish growth and shellfish environment to ensure acceptable growing conditions, and finally harvesting the shellfish once they have reached an acceptable size.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of an apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 illustrates an end view of the apparatus of figure 1
  • Figure 3 illustrates a perspective view of an apparatus according to an alternative preferred embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 4 illustrates a partially cut away perspective view of a vane fitted to the interior surface of the receptacle of the apparatus of figure 1
  • Figure 5 illustrates a schematic plan view of a shellfish farming system according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate an apparatus, as generally indicated at 1 , according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a receptacle 2 in the form of an elongate barrel shaped container mounted about its longitudinal axis between floatation means in the form of a pair of parallel, spaced apart pontoons 4.
  • a receptacle rotating means 3 comprises a rope which is wrapped around the receptacle 2.
  • the receptacle 2 is, as mentioned, substantially barrel like in shape. It has ends 5 spaced apart by frame members 6 and an axle 7 running through its longitudinal axis.
  • a mesh wall 8 provides the side wall of the receptacle 2, extending between the ends 5.
  • the mesh size is such as to retain within the receptacle 2 the intended product, whether that be shellfish or fish.
  • the ends 5 are rotably mounted on the axle 7.
  • the ends 5 can be formed from marine grade plastics material, and the axle 7 can be formed from marine grade aluminium. In such circumstances the ends 5 may rotate on the axle 7 by way of plastics material brushes (not shown).
  • the ends 5 are desirably substantially octagonal in shape. Where each pair of sides of the octagon meet there is provided a notched recess 9.
  • the frame members 6 are shaped in cross section corresponding to the notches 9.
  • the mesh 8 is retained in position on the receptacle 2 by being captured between rods 10, which are evenly spaced around the circumference of the receptacle 2, and the corresponding frame members 6.
  • Each rod member 10 is shaped in cross section to draw the mesh 8 down into engagement between the rod 10 and respective frame member 6, thereby tightening the mesh 10 side wall overall and retaining it in position.
  • the various rods 10 are retained in position by way of strap members 1 1 spaced at intervals along the length of the receptacle 2.
  • the ends of the axle 7 are mounted on the pontoons 4 by way of mountings 12.
  • the pontoons 4 are configured and arranged in parallel, spaced apart, relationship and are each of sufficient length to stabilise the receptacle 2 and maintain it in substantially constant orientation with respect to the water surface.
  • the configuration and arrangement is such as to reduce the effect of wave and swell action on rotation of the receptacle 2.
  • the rope 3 has an end 13 which is attachable to an anchor point 14 which can be located on, for example, the sea bed.
  • the rope 3 is wrapped approximately one and a half times around the receptacle 2, and the other end is attached to a counter weight 15.
  • the counterweight 15 is of small mass. Its primary function is to take up slack in the rope 3 on a falling tide (or the like) In this regard, the weight 15 is of less mass than the mass of the shellfish in the receptacle 2. As a result the weight 15 can not, of itself, cause the receptacle 2 to rotate.
  • the mass of the weight 15 is sufficient to cause any slack in the rope 3 on the opposite side of the receptacle 2 to be taken up by slipping around the receptacle 2 to the weighted side. Slipping of the rope will be encouraged to some extent by wave and swell action. It is desirable that the rope 3 be guided with respect to its location about the receptacle 2. In that regard, guide members 16 are provided to ensure that the rope 3 remains about the receptacle 2 at all times.
  • the embodiment of the invention illustrated in figure 3 is substantially similar to that illustrated in figure 1 , the principal difference being in the configuration of the guide member 16.
  • the guide member 16 comprises a pair of arms fixed to the axle 7, which extend out, and then down the sides of the receptacle 2.
  • vane 17 in figure 4.
  • the vane 17 is tapered to direct shellfish towards the centre of the receptacle 2 as it rotates.
  • An access hatch may also be provided to enable shellfish spat to be introduced into the receptacle 2, or to enable maintenance, inspection, or monitoring of the receptacle 2 interior.
  • an appropriate location In use, an appropriate location must be determined for the intended shellfish farm. This may be an appropriate estuary or bay with desirable water characteristics, such as nutrient supply and water flow.
  • One or more apparatus 1 may be utilised in the farming process.
  • the apparatus 1 would be assembled and transported to the desired farming location.
  • a suitable anchorage must be provided on the sea bed.
  • the anchorage may be in the form of a concrete block, as shown at 18 in figure 2, which has a locating eye extending from it.
  • Other known alternatives, such as an anchor or the like may equally be used.
  • Shellfish spat may then be introduced via the access hatch. However, it will be appreciated that in some circumstances it may be more convenient to introduce the shellfish spat prior to transportation of the apparatus 1 to the farming location.
  • the receptacle 2 of the apparatus will generally only rotate on a rising tide, as the counterweight 15 will take up any slack in the rope 3 on a falling tide as previously discussed. Thus the receptacle 2 will rotate in substantially the same direction all of the time. On a falling tide rotation of the receptacle 2 will be limited, if occurring at all. During that period the portion of the receptacle 2 which is out of the water will dry out, at the same time drying out, and thus killing, any marine fouling organisms which have attached themselves to the receptacle 2.
  • a further advantage of the present invention is that with regular rotation the shellfish effectively ensure that the receptacle 2 is kept clean of marine fouling organisms. Further, the shellfish tend to take on a more regular, and thus marketable, shape.
  • damping may be in the form of paddles or the like (not shown) extending from the receptacle 2, or the rope 3 may be formed in total or in part of a resilient material.
  • FIG 5 a shellfish farming system, as generally indicated at 100, is illustrated.
  • the system 100 comprises a pair of parallel ropes 101 spaced apart from one another.
  • the ropes 101 are each in the order of, for example, one hundred metres long, and in use are intended to be anchored to the sea bed.
  • floats 102 At regular intervals along the length of the ropes 101, and extending therebetween, are provided large floats 102.
  • the floats 102 are in the form of mussel floats, each of which is barrel shaped, having a handle at each end whereby the float can be attached to the corresponding rope 101.
  • the floats 102 in use, maintain the ropes 101 at the sea surface.
  • receptacles 103 Equipaced along the ropes 101, between each two of the floats 102, are provided receptacles 103, preferably three in number.
  • Each receptacle 103 is of substantially identical construction to the receptacle 2 described earlier, however, each end of the axle 7 terminates in a T-section to facilitate attachment to a corresponding one of the ropes 101, rather than one of the mountings 12.
  • a receptacle rotating means 3 is Associated with each receptacle rotating means 3 as detailed above.
  • the system 100 is used in substantially the same way as the apparatus 1 for shellfish farming.
  • An advantage of the construction of the systems 100 is that should one of the receptacles 2 become damaged it can relatively easily be removed, repaired and replaced without significant disruption to the system 100 as a whole.
  • the receptacle 2 is of sufficiently large size fish, such as salmon, may be farmed therein.
  • the salmon may be farmed alone, or in conjunction with the farming of shellfish.
  • a netting pocket in place of the vane 17 may be used to scoop up dead fish as the receptacle 2 rotates, and drop them into a trough for convenient removal.
  • a plurality of receptacles 2 incorporating floatation means may be connected together so that they rotate as one.
  • the receptacle 2 may be elongated significantly to span across two or three usual swell lengths, thereby minimising or reducing the effect of swell on the receptacle rotation.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne, dans son aspect le plus large, un appareil (1) destiné à être utilisé dans l'élevage de poissons ou de crustacés, l'appareil (1) comprenant un récipient fermé (2), un moyen (3) de rotation du récipient ainsi qu'un moyen de flottaison (4) destiné à maintenir ledit récipient (2) dans une position relativement constante par rapport à la surface de l'eau, ledit appareil (1) étant caractérisé par une configuration et un agencement tels que, lors de l'utilisation, ledit moyen (3) de rotation du récipient fait tourner périodiquement ledit récipient (2).
PCT/NZ1997/000022 1996-06-05 1997-02-21 Appareil utilise en aquaculture WO1997046086A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU19485/97A AU1948597A (en) 1996-06-05 1997-02-21 Apparatus for use in aquaculture

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NZ28674696 1996-06-05
NZ286746 1996-06-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997046086A1 true WO1997046086A1 (fr) 1997-12-11

Family

ID=19925777

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NZ1997/000022 WO1997046086A1 (fr) 1996-06-05 1997-02-21 Appareil utilise en aquaculture

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1948597A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997046086A1 (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1815738A1 (fr) * 2006-02-06 2007-08-08 Guy Maurouard Système d'élevage de coquillages
EP2086313A1 (fr) * 2006-11-13 2009-08-12 Open Ocean Systems, Inc. Cage submersible et système de pisciculture
FR2953367A1 (fr) * 2009-12-09 2011-06-10 Jean Louis Adam Poche tambour d'elevage d'huitres
CN103563795A (zh) * 2012-07-19 2014-02-12 敖志辉 一种带孔的圆环形定位阻流器
JP2014204709A (ja) * 2013-04-12 2014-10-30 仁助 中山 浮沈型回転式養殖生簀
WO2018027283A1 (fr) * 2016-08-12 2018-02-15 Seapa Pty Ltd Dispositif de flottaison pour un panier à huîtres
NO342916B1 (en) * 2018-01-19 2018-08-27 Aker Solutions As Fish farm and associated systems and methods
WO2018201191A1 (fr) 2017-05-03 2018-11-08 Boyle Norman Appareil, procédés et systèmes d'ostréiculture
GB2568501A (en) * 2017-11-17 2019-05-22 Samba As Aquaculture system for cultivating aquatic organisms
CN111226844A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2020-06-05 天津海太科技有限公司 一种斗轮转网卧浮式网箱及其应用和起捕提升工具
WO2021109190A1 (fr) * 2019-12-02 2021-06-10 漳澳国际有限公司 Boîte d'élevage de type tambour pour mollusques et crustacés sans collecteur de naissins
WO2021248184A1 (fr) * 2020-06-10 2021-12-16 Seapa IP Pty Ltd Systèmes et procédés de fixation améliorés pour paniers aquatiques
KR102670291B1 (ko) * 2023-12-21 2024-05-28 장대연 부자의 부착생물 제거장치
KR102674167B1 (ko) * 2023-11-28 2024-06-10 장대연 부자의 부착생물 제거장치

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2044591A (en) * 1979-02-21 1980-10-22 Nat Res Dev Rotatable fish cage
WO1982003152A1 (fr) * 1981-03-16 1982-09-30 Francois Rene Cage d'elevage et/ou de stockage d'animaux aquatiques
GB2170083A (en) * 1985-01-30 1986-07-30 Wayne Robert Moxham Method and apparatus for cultivating molluscs
AU2658188A (en) * 1987-12-07 1989-06-08 Wynne William Westcott Fish cage
WO1992003921A1 (fr) * 1990-09-04 1992-03-19 Innovation & Development Partners Inc./Idp Inc. Systeme de cage submersible pour l'elevage d'animaux aquatiques

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2044591A (en) * 1979-02-21 1980-10-22 Nat Res Dev Rotatable fish cage
WO1982003152A1 (fr) * 1981-03-16 1982-09-30 Francois Rene Cage d'elevage et/ou de stockage d'animaux aquatiques
GB2170083A (en) * 1985-01-30 1986-07-30 Wayne Robert Moxham Method and apparatus for cultivating molluscs
AU2658188A (en) * 1987-12-07 1989-06-08 Wynne William Westcott Fish cage
WO1992003921A1 (fr) * 1990-09-04 1992-03-19 Innovation & Development Partners Inc./Idp Inc. Systeme de cage submersible pour l'elevage d'animaux aquatiques

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. 84-229641/37, Class P14; & SU,A,1 066 514, (LENINGRAD ZHDANOV UNIV), 15 January 1984. *

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1815738A1 (fr) * 2006-02-06 2007-08-08 Guy Maurouard Système d'élevage de coquillages
FR2896953A1 (fr) * 2006-02-06 2007-08-10 Guy Maurouard Systeme d'elevage de coquillages
EP2086313A1 (fr) * 2006-11-13 2009-08-12 Open Ocean Systems, Inc. Cage submersible et système de pisciculture
EP2086313A4 (fr) * 2006-11-13 2012-12-26 Open Ocean Systems Inc Cage submersible et système de pisciculture
FR2953367A1 (fr) * 2009-12-09 2011-06-10 Jean Louis Adam Poche tambour d'elevage d'huitres
CN103563795A (zh) * 2012-07-19 2014-02-12 敖志辉 一种带孔的圆环形定位阻流器
JP2014204709A (ja) * 2013-04-12 2014-10-30 仁助 中山 浮沈型回転式養殖生簀
WO2018027283A1 (fr) * 2016-08-12 2018-02-15 Seapa Pty Ltd Dispositif de flottaison pour un panier à huîtres
CN110662420A (zh) * 2017-05-03 2020-01-07 诺尔曼·波义耳 牡蛎养殖设备、方法和系统
WO2018201191A1 (fr) 2017-05-03 2018-11-08 Boyle Norman Appareil, procédés et systèmes d'ostréiculture
GB2568501A (en) * 2017-11-17 2019-05-22 Samba As Aquaculture system for cultivating aquatic organisms
NO20180089A1 (en) * 2018-01-19 2018-08-27 Aker Solutions As Fish farm and associated systems and methods
NO342916B1 (en) * 2018-01-19 2018-08-27 Aker Solutions As Fish farm and associated systems and methods
WO2021109190A1 (fr) * 2019-12-02 2021-06-10 漳澳国际有限公司 Boîte d'élevage de type tambour pour mollusques et crustacés sans collecteur de naissins
CN111226844A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2020-06-05 天津海太科技有限公司 一种斗轮转网卧浮式网箱及其应用和起捕提升工具
CN111226844B (zh) * 2020-03-31 2023-08-15 天津海太科技有限公司 一种斗轮转网卧浮式网箱及其应用和起捕提升工具
WO2021248184A1 (fr) * 2020-06-10 2021-12-16 Seapa IP Pty Ltd Systèmes et procédés de fixation améliorés pour paniers aquatiques
KR102674167B1 (ko) * 2023-11-28 2024-06-10 장대연 부자의 부착생물 제거장치
KR102670291B1 (ko) * 2023-12-21 2024-05-28 장대연 부자의 부착생물 제거장치

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