WO1997045767B1 - Photoelectrochemical-electrochromic device - Google Patents
Photoelectrochemical-electrochromic deviceInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997045767B1 WO1997045767B1 PCT/US1997/008773 US9708773W WO9745767B1 WO 1997045767 B1 WO1997045767 B1 WO 1997045767B1 US 9708773 W US9708773 W US 9708773W WO 9745767 B1 WO9745767 B1 WO 9745767B1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- transparent electrode
- dye
- group
- layer
- light
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 230000000051 modifying Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 15
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 7
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 claims 2
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001235 sensitizing Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- FXPLCAKVOYHAJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-carboxypyridin-2-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C=2)C(O)=O)=C1 FXPLCAKVOYHAJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NBPGPQJFYXNFKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)pyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C)C=2)=C1 NBPGPQJFYXNFKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003301 NiO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- QDUZQOIJXPPTLY-GMBKLUGCSA-N iron;(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid Chemical compound [Fe].OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O QDUZQOIJXPPTLY-GMBKLUGCSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002979 perylenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052950 sphalerite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous Effects 0.000 claims 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
Abstract
A photoelectrochemical-electrochromic device is provided. The device comprises a first transparent electrode (12) and a second transparent electrode (14) in parallel, spaced relation to each other. The first transparent electrode (12) is electrically connected to the second transparent electrode (14). An electrochromic material (16) is applied to the first transparent electrode (12) and a semiconductor coating (18) is applied to the second transparent electrode (14). An electrolyte layer (22) contacts the electrochromic material (16) and the semiconductor coating (18). The electrolyte layer (22) has a redox couple whereby upon application of light, the semiconductor coating (18) absorbs the light and the redox couple oxidizes producing an electric field across the device modulating the effective light transmittance through the device.
Claims
1. A photoelectrochemical-electrochromic device, the device comprising:
a first transparent electrode;
a second transparent electrode disposed in parallel, spaced relation to said first 5 electrode, the first transparent electrode being electrically connected to said second transparent electrode;
a layer of electrochromic material applied to said first transparent electrode;
a semiconductor coating having one surface applied to said second transparent electrode with a light absorbing dye layer coated on the opposite surface thereof; and
10 an electrolyte deposited between and contacting said electrochromic material layer and said dye layer, the electrolyte having a redox couple such that upon application of light, the semiconductor and dye layers absorb the light and the redox couple oxidizes producing an electric field across the device which modulates the effective light transmittance in said electrochromic material, said device and electrochromic material spontaneously bleaching
] 5 upon removal of the light.
2. The device of claim 1, and further comprising a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate, the first transparent electrode being applied to the first transparent substrate, the second transparent electrode being applied to the second transparent substrate.
0 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the first and second transparent substrate comprises a material selected from the group consisting of glass and plastic.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrochromic material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of WO3, IrOx, V2Os, and NiO.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the semiconductor coating layer comprises a metal 5 oxide or metal sulfide selected from the group consisting of Ti02, CdS, ZnS and ZnO.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the dye substance comprises transition metal complexes selected from the group consisting of ML3 and ML2X2, wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ru, Os, Cr, Mo and Mn, wherein L comprises bipyridine- type ligand selected from the group consisting of 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid and 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, and wherein X comprises monodentate ligand selected from the group consisting of CN, SCN, Cl, Br, I and H20.
7. The device of claim 6, wherein the dye substance is selected from the group consisting of poryphyrins, perylenes and phthalocyanines.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte layer includes Li ions.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte layer has a thickness selected to provide lateral ionic conductance such that images are storable within the device.
10. The device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte layer is selected from the group consisting of a liquid, a polymer and an ionic solid.
1 1. A method of modulating the transmittance of light through a transparent device, said method comprising the steps of:
electrically connecting a first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode in parallel, spaced relation to each other;
applying an electrochromic material to said first transparent electrode;
applying a semiconductor coating to the second transparent electrode;
applying a layer of light absorbing dye over the surface of said semiconductor coating;
positioning an electrolyte layer between the electrochromic material and said dye coating, the electrolyte layer having a redox couple, whereby said first and second electrodes, said electrochromic material, said semiconductor coating, said dye and the electrolyte layer form a transparent photoelectrochemical-electrochromic device; and 24 exposing said photoelectrochemical-electrochromic device to a light source wherein the semiconductor and dye coatings absorb the light and the redox couple oxidizes thereby producing an electric field across the photoelectrochemical-electrocliromic device to vary the effective light transmittance through said photoelectrochemical-electrochromic device, said electrochromic material and said device spontaneously bleaching upon removal of the light source.
12. The method of claim 1 1, and further comprising applying said first transparent electrode to a first transparent substrate and applying said second transparent electrode to a second transparent substrate.
13. The method of claim 1 1 , wherein said dye layer comprises transition metal complexes.
14. The method of claim 1 1 , wherein said electrolyte layer has predetermined thickness to provide substantial lateral ionic conductance.
25
STATEMENT UNDER ARTICLE 19
In response to the International Search Report mailed 17 September 1997, the following remarks are provided. The Search Report indicated that renumbered claims 1-16 cannot be considered novel or cannot be considered to involve an inventive step in view of U.S. Patent No. 5,604,626 and the Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells article by Lampert. Moreover, the Search Report also indicated that Claims 1 -5, 9-12 and 16 likewise cannot be considered novel or to involve an inventive step in view of the Electrochemical Acta article by Monk, et al.
These rejections are now avoided by the cancellation of claims 7 and 17, as originally filed, without prejudice, and by the amendments to claim 1 and to renumbered claims 2-14. This due to the fact that Monk is silent as to dye sensitization and that the Monk device cannot be readily returned to the bleached state. Moreover, U.S. Patent No. 5,604,626 (Teowee) does not fully teach and claim dye sensitization nor spontaneous bleaching, both of which are now part of amended independent claims 1 and 1 1. Moreover, Lampert does not teach the dye layer construction of the amended claims 1-14.
As a result of the above amendments to renumbered claims 1 -14, the rejection and objections to all the remaining claims should be withdrawn.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU31409/97A AU3140997A (en) | 1996-05-30 | 1997-05-27 | Photoelectrochemical-electrochromic device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US65572496A | 1996-05-30 | 1996-05-30 | |
| US08/655,724 | 1996-05-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1997045767A1 WO1997045767A1 (en) | 1997-12-04 |
| WO1997045767B1 true WO1997045767B1 (en) | 1997-12-31 |
Family
ID=24630105
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1997/008773 WO1997045767A1 (en) | 1996-05-30 | 1997-05-27 | Photoelectrochemical-electrochromic device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU3140997A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997045767A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6369934B1 (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 2002-04-09 | Midwest Research Institute | Self bleaching photoelectrochemical-electrochromic device |
| AUPO816097A0 (en) | 1997-07-22 | 1997-08-14 | Sustainable Technologies Australia Limited | Combined electrochromic and photovoltaic smart window devices and methods |
| DE19756740A1 (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-06-24 | Bayer Ag | Electrochromic device is protected against UV light by nano particles |
| DE19816675A1 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 1999-10-28 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Optical component |
| DE19905797A1 (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2000-08-17 | Bayer Ag | Electrochromic device with nanoparticles and UV absorber in the protective layer |
| US6266177B1 (en) | 1999-11-18 | 2001-07-24 | Donnelly Corporation | Electrochromic devices |
| US7372610B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2008-05-13 | Sage Electrochromics, Inc. | Electrochromic devices and methods |
| EP1936603A1 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2008-06-25 | European Central Bank | Security document comprising an electrochromic element |
| CN112114461A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2020-12-22 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Transparent display plate and transparent window with display function |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5604626A (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1997-02-18 | Donnelly Corporation | Photochromic devices |
-
1997
- 1997-05-27 WO PCT/US1997/008773 patent/WO1997045767A1/en active Application Filing
- 1997-05-27 AU AU31409/97A patent/AU3140997A/en not_active Abandoned
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