WO1997042453A1 - Collecteur ameliore d'energie thermique - Google Patents

Collecteur ameliore d'energie thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997042453A1
WO1997042453A1 PCT/AU1997/000285 AU9700285W WO9742453A1 WO 1997042453 A1 WO1997042453 A1 WO 1997042453A1 AU 9700285 W AU9700285 W AU 9700285W WO 9742453 A1 WO9742453 A1 WO 9742453A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
thermal energy
collector
heat
layer
base layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1997/000285
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Lawrence Murphy
Terry Howard Solomon
Original Assignee
Thermal Energy Accumulator Products Pty. Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thermal Energy Accumulator Products Pty. Ltd. filed Critical Thermal Energy Accumulator Products Pty. Ltd.
Priority to AU26275/97A priority Critical patent/AU2627597A/en
Publication of WO1997042453A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997042453A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/73—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the tubular conduits being of plastic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/67—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of roof constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/60—Thermal insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to an improved thermal energy collector and relates particularly, though not exclusively, to an improved solar collector having a series of heat transfer tubes containing a heat transfer fluid to be heated.
  • Australian patent no. 561353 describes a collector of solar energy comprising a series of adjacent layers into which a system of tubes is buried, the tubes carrying a heat exchange fluid such as water. Unlike a conventional greenhouse-type collector having a transparent upper surface, the solar collector of Australian patent no. 561353 has an upper surface constructed from a material having a high surface roughness with low levels of radiation and reflectivity, in this case a rubber latex material coated on top of a layer of concrete. The solar collector is thus constructed of suitably robust materials at a reduced cost compared with the known greenhouse-type solar collectors.
  • FIG. 561353 Two examples of the invention defined in Australian patent no. 561353 are illustrated in cross-section showing a first upper layer of rubber latex covering a second layer of concrete into which a system of tubes is buried.
  • the second concrete layer is formed on a third layer of high reflectivity, in this example an aluminium foil sheet, which covers a base layer constructed of a suitable heat insulating material such as foamed polyurethane.
  • An intention of the present invention is to provide an improved thermal energy collector that is rigid, durable, and relatively efficient in use.
  • an improved collector of thermal energy having at least one heat transfer tube adapted to carry a heat transfer fluid to be heated by an external heat source
  • said collector comprising: a base layer constructed of a material having relatively high thermal insulation, said base layer having a plurality of spacer means built on an upper surface thereof so that, in use, said at least one heat transfer tube rests on said spacer means wherein the tube is raised above the upper surface of the base layer and substantially all the circumferential surface of said heat transfer tube is exposed to heat from the external heat source wherein the heating capacity of the collector is substantially maximised.
  • the plurality of spacer means consist of a plurality of ribs formed on the upper surface of the base layer.
  • the plurality of spacer means consist of an adhesive used to connect said at least one heat transfer tube to the upper surface of the base layer and at the same time separate said at least one heat transfer tube from the base layer.
  • the base layer includes a series of positioning means each built on the upper surface of the base layer and designed to contact said at least one heat transfer tube so that when said tube rests on the spacer means the positioning means locates the tube in a fixed horizontal position within the collector.
  • the spacer means and/or the positioning means are constructed integral with the base layer.
  • the positioning means consists of a series of protrusions formed on the upper surface of the base layer.
  • each of the series of protrusions is positioned on the upper surface of the base layer so that said at least one heat transfer tube is located between and contacts adjacent protrusions so that said tube is held in a fixed horizontal position within the collector.
  • each of the protrusions is shaped so that the contact area between each of the protrusion and the heat transfer tube is substantially minimised when said tube is located between adjacent protrusions.
  • said at least one heat transfer tube is configured to releasably press-fit between adjacent protrusions.
  • each of the protrusions when sectioned in a horizontal plane is diamond-shaped with opposing edges of adjacent diamond-shaped protrusions designed to contact opposing surfaces of said at least one heat transfer tube so as to hold said tube in a fixed horizontal position within the collector.
  • the base layer is constructed of a foamed polyurethane material of a relatively high density wherein the base layer is relatively rigid.
  • the base layer is coated with a material having relatively high thermal insulation. More typically, the base layer is coated with a polyurethane based material .
  • the improved collector further comprises a heat conductive layer in which said at least one heat transfer tube is contained, said heat conductive layer formed on the base layer from a material having relatively high thermal conductivity so that heat from the external heat source can be readily transferred to said heat transfer tube via the heat conductive layer.
  • the heat conductive layer consists of a cement based material.
  • the improved collector further comprises a heat absorbent layer constructed on the heat conductive layer of a material having relatively low radiation and reflectivity so that, in use, a large proportion of heat from the external heat source is absorbed on the heat absorbent layer.
  • the heat absorbent layer is constructed directly on said at least one heat transfer tube and the upper surface of the base layer.
  • the heat absorbent layer is constructed of a composite bitumen/latex based material.
  • the heat absorbent layer is constructed of a material marketed and sold under the trade mark IMPERSPRAY.
  • the composite bitumen/latex based material includes a pigment designed to change the colour and thus improve the aesthetics of said bitumen/latex based material.
  • the pigment is chromium based and the bitumen/latex based material is substantially green in colour when combined with said pigment.
  • the pigment comprises iron oxide and the bitumen/latex based material is substantially terracotta like in colour when combined with said pigment.
  • the heat absorbent layer has a thickness of approximately five (5) millimetres (mm) .
  • the improved collector further comprises an upper layer constructed of a substantially transparent and relatively rigid material, said layer spaced from the heat absorbent layer so that a greenhouse heating effect occurs between the heat absorbent layer and the upper layer so that the efficiency of the improved collector is further increased.
  • the upper layer consists of a corrugated sheet, alternate corrugations on a lower surface of the sheet being designed to be spaced above the heat absorbent layer wherein a greenhouse heating space is defined between the lower surface of the corrugated sheet and an upper surface of the heat absorbent layer whereby, in use, greenhouse heating occurs in the greenhouse heating space.
  • the upper layer is constructed of a polycarbonate material.
  • Figure 1 is a cross sectional view of an improved thermal energy collector
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of a portion of the improved thermal energy collector illustrated in Figure 1 shown for clarity without an upper layer, an absorbent layer, and a heat conductive layer.
  • thermo energy collector 10 comprising a base layer 12, a heat conductive layer 14, an absorbent layer 16, and an upper layer 18.
  • the base layer 12 is constructed of a foamed high density polyurethane material having a plurality of spacer means, in this example ribs 22, built on an upper surface of the base layer 12.
  • the base layer 12 further comprises a series of positioning means, in this example diamond-shaped protrusions 24, extending from the upper surface of the base layer 12. As best shown in Figure 2, the diamond-shaped protrusions 24 are located in a series of rows between which a portion of the heat transfer tube 20 is located. Opposing protrusions 24 of each row are located in a staggered arrangement.
  • the conductive layer 14 is formed on an upper surface of the base layer 12. Each of the protrusions 24 extends substantially the full depth of the conductive layer 14.
  • Adjacent rows of diamond-shaped protrusions 24 are separated a distance equal to or marginally less than the outside diameter of the heat transfer tube 20 to be located therebetween.
  • the heat transfer tube 20 is constructed of a corrugated nylon-based material and can be press fit between adjacent rows of diamond-shaped protrusions 24.
  • the ribs 22 are also located in rows between adjacent rows of diamond-shaped protrusions 24, each rib 22 oriented at approximately 45° to the direction of the row of protrusions 24. Adjacent ribs 22 in a row are oriented perpendicular to each other. In this example, the ribs 22 are each raised approximately eight (8) mm above the upper surface of the base layer 12. Sectioned transversely the ribs 22 are dome-shaped, as can be seen most clearly in Figure 1.
  • a lower surface of the heat transfer tube 20 is located on an elevated surface of one of the ribs 22 which is disposed between adjacent protrusions 24.
  • the contact area between the heat transfer tube 20, the protrusions 24, and ribs 22 is minimised and thus substantially all the circumferential surface of the tube 20 is exposed to the heat conductive layer 14.
  • the heat transfer tube 20 is laid in a serpentine arrangement, each parallel portion of the tube 20 located between adjacent rows of protrusions 24.
  • the heat conductive layer 14 is formed from a cement-based material laid on the upper surface of the base layer 12.
  • the cement-based conductive layer 14 covers substantially all the circumferential surface of the heat transfer tube 20.
  • the heat absorbent layer 16 constructed of a material having relatively low radiation and reflectivity, is formed on the cement-based conductive layer 14.
  • the heat absorbent layer 16 is constructed of a composite bitumen/latex product marketed and sold under the trade mark IMPERSPRAY. It has been discovered that a relatively thick layer of IMPERSPRAY in this example approximately five (5) mm, provides relatively high levels of solar absorption on the improved collector 10. However, the present invention is not limited to an IMPERSPRAY coating of this thickness .
  • the aesthetic qualities of the improved collector can be improved by the addition of a suitable pigment to the IMPERSPRAY or other similar heat absorbent coating.
  • the colour of the coating may be varied depending on the pigment used. For example, a chromium based pigment results in a substantially green colour, and an iron oxide pigment giving a terracotta-like colour when added to the IMPERSPRAY coating.
  • the upper layer 18 of this embodiment is constructed of a substantially transparent corrugated sheet. As best shown in Figure 1 alternate corrugations of the corrugated sheet 18 are spaced above the absorbent layer 16. A greenhouse heating space 26 is thus defined in the space located between a lower surface of the corrugated sheet 18 and an upper surface of the absorbent layer 16. It is believed that a greenhouse heating effect occurs in the greenhouse heating space 26 such that the efficiency of the collector 10 is increased.
  • the corrugated sheet 18 of this embodiment is constructed of a polycarbonate material .
  • the polyurethane base layer 12 is coated with a polyurethane based material (not shown) . It is believed that the polyurethane coating when applied to the base layer 12 improves the insulation properties of the base layer 12 and thus increases the overall efficiency of the improved collector 10.
  • the polyurethane coating may vary in thickness from between approximately two (2) to five (5) mm.
  • the improved collector 10 can be used in a variety of applications where a heat transfer fluid is to be heated using thermal energy from an external heat source.
  • the improved collector 10 can be located on the roof of a building for maximum exposure to an external heat source, in this example sunlight.
  • a heat transfer fluid in this embodiment water, is passed through the heat transfer tube 20 of the improved collector 10.
  • the IMPERSPRAY coating 16 of the absorbent layer absorbs a substantially high proportion of sunlight which passes through the transparent corrugated sheet 18.
  • this heating of the IMPERSPRAY coating 16 is further improved by greenhouse heating which is believed to occur between the corrugated sheet 18 and the IMPERSPRAY coating 16.
  • Heat is transferred from the absorbent layer 16 to the heat transfer tube 20 via the cement base conductive layer 14.
  • Advantageously substantially all the circumferential surface of the corrugated heat transfer tube 20 is encased by concrete of the conductive layer 14. Heat can, therefore, be transferred to a large proportion of the circumferential surface area of the heat transfer tube 20.
  • the base layer 12 being constructed of high density polyurethane, reduces heat loss through the bottom of the improved collector 10 and further increases the efficiency of the collector 10.
  • the high density polyurethane base layer 12 of the improved collector 10 is relatively rigid and has sufficient strength to support a relatively large weight of concrete in the conductive layer 14. Therefore, the improved collector 10 can be prefabricated, transported, and installed with a reduced risk of breaking the base layer 12.
  • the corrugated sheet 18 may be laid and fixed on top of the absorbent layer 16 on site.
  • a heat transfer tube is connected in a spiral-like configuration to an upper surface of a substantially planar base layer (not illustrated) .
  • the base layer is constructed of a high density polyurethane material and the heat transfer tube made of a black polyethylene tube similar to that used for irrigation.
  • the polyethylene tube is connected to the polyurethane base using a suitable adhesive which also separates the tube from the base.
  • the polyethylene tube and polyurethane base are then, in this example, coated with a heat absorbent layer such as a composite bitumen/latex based material.
  • the collector without the heat conductive layer (for example a cement based material) , is significantly lighter than the collector described above. Furthermore, a significantly greater surface area of heat transfer tube per square metre of collector is provided with the spiral-like arrangement compared to the serpentine-like arrangement described earlier.
  • the improved thermal energy collector has at least the following advantages over the admitted prior art: i) the improved thermal energy collector by the nature of its design has an improved heating capacity; ii) the improved thermal energy collector is relatively rigid and thus can be prefabricated; iii) the improved thermal energy collector has a durable upper surface and therefore can withstand relatively high loads and weathering; iv) the improved thermal energy collector can be designed to be aesthetically pleasant by pigmentation of the heat absorbent layer; and v) the improved thermal energy collector requires relatively little maintenance without showing a decrease in overall efficiency.
  • the improved thermal energy collector may include various improvements or modifications, in addition to that described above, which are to be considered within the scope of the present invention.
  • the improved thermal energy collector may not, depending on the climatic and atmospheric conditions, require a transparent upper layer as described herein.
  • the protrusions formed in the base layer may take a variety of configurations other than the diamond-shaped protrusions described.
  • the ribs described herein may be substituted for a series of dimples formed in the base layer and still remain within the ambit of spacer means.
  • the base layer may be constructed of any suitably rigid material other than high density polyurethane which provides the necessary insulation and strength properties.
  • any number of heat transfer tubes of any cross-sectional shape laid in various configurations within the collector may be used.
  • the improved collector need not necessarily include a heat conductive layer but rather may have the heat transfer tube and base layer directly coated with a heat absorbent layer. All such variations and modifications are to be considered within the scope of the present invention the nature of which is to be determined from the foregoing description.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un collecteur amélioré (10) d'énergie thermique comportant un substrat (12), une couche thermoconductrice (14), une couche absorbante (16), et une couche supérieure (16). Un tube de transfert de chaleur (20) conçu pour transporter un fluide caloporteur tel que de l'eau est placé dans la couche thermoconductrice (14). Dans l'une des variantes, le substrat (12) est fait de polyuréthane expansé et comporte une série d'éléments d'espacement tels que des nervures (22) disposées sur sa surface supérieure. Le substrat (12) comporte une série de moyens de positionnement tels que des protubérances (24) en forme de losange saillant de sa surface supérieure. Le tube de transfert de chaleur (20) est situé entre les protubérances (24) et s'appuie sur les nervures (22). De ce fait, une partie plus importante dudit tube se trouve exposée pour recueillir de la chaleur.
PCT/AU1997/000285 1996-05-08 1997-05-08 Collecteur ameliore d'energie thermique WO1997042453A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU26275/97A AU2627597A (en) 1996-05-08 1997-05-08 An improved thermal energy collector

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPN9743A AUPN974396A0 (en) 1996-05-08 1996-05-08 An improved thermal energy collector

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997042453A1 true WO1997042453A1 (fr) 1997-11-13

Family

ID=3794056

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1997/000285 WO1997042453A1 (fr) 1996-05-08 1997-05-08 Collecteur ameliore d'energie thermique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (2) AUPN974396A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997042453A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1009713C2 (nl) * 1998-07-22 2000-01-25 Espace Holding B V Dakbedekkingselement.
FR2912444A1 (fr) * 2007-01-08 2008-08-15 Cyril Alain Lepretre Dispositif de capteur thermique solaire integre aux toitures et terrasses
WO2010013028A2 (fr) * 2008-07-31 2010-02-04 Flynn James P Capteur solaire
ITPI20080097A1 (it) * 2008-09-25 2010-03-26 Valli Zabban S P A Membrana per rivestimento di superfici esterne e captazione di calore solare

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2288277A1 (fr) * 1974-10-17 1976-05-14 Monfreid Daniel De Element de recuperation d'energie solaire sur la toiture d'un batiment
DE2652254A1 (de) * 1976-11-16 1978-05-18 Brehm Heide Vorrichtung und verfahren zur umwandlung von sonnenenergie in waerme
BE879441A (fr) * 1979-07-19 1980-02-15 Feist Artus Installation d'isolation thermique et de captage d'energie thermique pour un batiment
US4344416A (en) * 1980-01-25 1982-08-17 Kemper Charles R Solar energy collector
CH635417A5 (en) * 1978-05-01 1983-03-31 Paul Leuenberger Solar heat collector
AU1494783A (en) * 1982-05-25 1983-12-01 Interteatherm Anstalt Solar energy collector
DE3808773A1 (de) * 1987-03-18 1988-09-29 Messner Caspar O H Anlage zur gewinnung atmosphaerischer und terrestrischer waerme
DE4208830A1 (de) * 1992-03-19 1993-09-23 Iduso Gmbh Witterungsbestaendiger recyclingfaehiger solarabsorber aus recycling-material
FR2699991A1 (fr) * 1992-12-28 1994-07-01 Bernier Jacques Dispositif de captation solaire à capteur stockeur.
AU5378294A (en) * 1992-03-20 1995-05-08 Hans Egbert De Leeuw Solar collector

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2288277A1 (fr) * 1974-10-17 1976-05-14 Monfreid Daniel De Element de recuperation d'energie solaire sur la toiture d'un batiment
DE2652254A1 (de) * 1976-11-16 1978-05-18 Brehm Heide Vorrichtung und verfahren zur umwandlung von sonnenenergie in waerme
CH635417A5 (en) * 1978-05-01 1983-03-31 Paul Leuenberger Solar heat collector
BE879441A (fr) * 1979-07-19 1980-02-15 Feist Artus Installation d'isolation thermique et de captage d'energie thermique pour un batiment
US4344416A (en) * 1980-01-25 1982-08-17 Kemper Charles R Solar energy collector
AU1494783A (en) * 1982-05-25 1983-12-01 Interteatherm Anstalt Solar energy collector
DE3808773A1 (de) * 1987-03-18 1988-09-29 Messner Caspar O H Anlage zur gewinnung atmosphaerischer und terrestrischer waerme
DE4208830A1 (de) * 1992-03-19 1993-09-23 Iduso Gmbh Witterungsbestaendiger recyclingfaehiger solarabsorber aus recycling-material
AU5378294A (en) * 1992-03-20 1995-05-08 Hans Egbert De Leeuw Solar collector
FR2699991A1 (fr) * 1992-12-28 1994-07-01 Bernier Jacques Dispositif de captation solaire à capteur stockeur.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. C-5356C/12, Class Q43; & BE,A,879 441, (FEIST A), 15 February 1980. *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1009713C2 (nl) * 1998-07-22 2000-01-25 Espace Holding B V Dakbedekkingselement.
FR2912444A1 (fr) * 2007-01-08 2008-08-15 Cyril Alain Lepretre Dispositif de capteur thermique solaire integre aux toitures et terrasses
WO2010013028A2 (fr) * 2008-07-31 2010-02-04 Flynn James P Capteur solaire
WO2010013028A3 (fr) * 2008-07-31 2011-02-24 Flynn James P Capteur solaire
ITPI20080097A1 (it) * 2008-09-25 2010-03-26 Valli Zabban S P A Membrana per rivestimento di superfici esterne e captazione di calore solare

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AUPN974396A0 (en) 1996-05-30
AU2627597A (en) 1997-11-26

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