Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
  • C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
  • C11D3/3907—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/3917—Nitrogen-containing compounds
  • C11D3/392—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. cyclic imides or lactames

Definitions

• This invention relates to bleach compositions containing a peroxygen bleaching compound. More particularly it relates to bleaching compositions containing inorganic peroxygen compounds activated with derivatives of piperidone.
• Bleaching compositions have been used in the home and in industrial applications for bleaching stains on hard surfaces and soiled fabrics.
• Hypochlorite bleaches are effective in removing such stains, when used in relatively high concentrations, but hypochlorite, along with other active chlorine bleaches, cause severe damage to fabric colors as well as to the textile fibers.
• hypochlorite liquid bleaches present handling and packaging problems. Color and fabric damage can be minimized by using milder oxygen bleaches, such as, sodium perborate or potassium monopersulfate.
• milder oxygen bleaches such as, sodium perborate or potassium monopersulfate.
• the stain removal characteristics of these peroxygen bleaches are much less desirable than those of the harsher halogen bleaching agents.
• bleach activators i.e., compounds that enhance the performance of the peroxygen bleaches.
• Bleaching compositions containing different types of bleach activators are known in the art including such compounds. as esters, carboxylic acid anhydrides, quaternary ammonium salts and carboxylic acid salts.
• U.S. 5,437,686 discloses an inorganic peroxygen compound and a bicyclic or tricyclic diketone as an activator for the peroxygen compound.
• U.S. 3,822,114 discloses a process for the activation of peroxygen bleaching agents which comprises conjointly dissolving in aqueous solution certain peroxygen bleaching agents, certain aldehyde or ketone bleach activators and buffering agents. Concentrated dry bleach compositions containing these compounds are also disclosed. Among a host of other ketones there is also taught the use of certain piperidone compounds.
• Another object is to provide activators for enhancing the efficiency of peroxygen bleaches.
• a peroxygen bleaching composition which comprises a mixture by weight of:
• R is hydrogen, an aryl monovalent group having 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl having 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, al aryl or aralkyl group having about 7 to about 20 carbon atoms, or a nitrogen substituted hydrocarbyl group, and the piperidone ring carbon atoms can be mono- or disubstituted by one or more groups defined by R.
• the peroxygen bleaching compositions of this invention can be used directly or in aqueous solution to bleach a fabric or in the alternative he bleaching c i ⁇ positions can be incorporated as an additive to a cleaning composition, such as, a powdered laundry detergent, a non-aqueous laundry detergent, a scouring powder, a hard surface cleaning composition, a powdered automatic dish washing composition, a non-aqueous automatic dish washing composition, a hair bleaching composition, a wound cleansing composition, a dental cleansing composition, a paper bleaching composition, a prespotter and the like.
• a cleaning composition such as, a powdered laundry detergent, a non-aqueous laundry detergent, a scouring powder, a hard surface cleaning composition, a powdered automatic dish washing composition, a non-aqueous automatic dish washing composition, a hair bleaching composition, a wound cleansing composition, a dental cleansing composition, a paper bleaching composition, a prespotter and the like.
• the present invention is directed to peroxygen bleaching compositions, and bleaching and/or stain removal processes carried out in an aqueous solution.
• These peroxygen bleaching compositions exhibit many practical utilities both domestic and industrial.
• the bleaching compound-activator compositions can be used alone or in combination with other conventional ingredients to effect (1) direct bleaching of stains on fabrics. (2) removal by bleaching of stains found on hard surfaces,and (3) inhibition of the transfer to fabrics of solution or suspended dyes found in fabric laundering solutions.
• the bleach compositions of the instant invention comprise a mixture of a peroxygen bleaching compound, preferably a monoperoxysulfate and more preferably potassium monoperoxysulfate and a piperidone derivative peroxygen bleaching compound activator, in a weight ratio of psroxygen bleaching compound to peroxygen bleac.-i-.y compound activator of about 1:1 to about 100:1, preferably about 1:1 to about 50:1, and most preferably of about 1:1 to about 10:1.
• the piperidone derivatives used herein are N-acyl 3- or 4-piperidones having the formula shown above.
• the bleaching compounds used in the instant invention are inorganic peroxygen salts, organic peroxygen acids and their water soluble salts.
• inorganic peroxygen salts include the water-soluble monopersulfates and water-soluble monoperoxyphosphates. Specific examples of such salts include sodium monopersulfate, potassium monopersulfate, disodium monoperphosphate, and dipotassium monoperphosphate.
• Highly preferred peroxygen salts, namely, those which are most highly activated by the piperidone derivative activators used in the instant invention are the sodium and potassium monopersulfates having the generic formulae NaHS0 5 and KHS0 5 respectively.
• Potassium monopersulfate is available commercially from E. I. duPont de Nemours and Company, Inc. under the trade name "Oxone". Oxone contains approximately 41.5% by weight KHS0 5 with the balance being KHS0 and K 2 S0 4 in about equal proportions.
• Peroxyacid ⁇ which are suitable in the instant invention have the general formula:
• R is an alkylene group containing from 1 to about
• Y 16 cax-jo.i atoms or a. arylene group containing from 6 to about 8 carbon atoms and Y is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, aryl or any group which provides an anionic moiety in aqueous solution.
• Y includes the following structures:
• organic peroxyacids or salts thereof suitable for use in this invention can contain either one or two peroxy groups and can be either aliphatic or aromatic.
• the organic peroxyacid is aliphatic
• the unsubstituted acid has the general formula:
• Preferred aliphatic peroxyacids include diperazelaic acid and diperadipic acid.
• the organic peroxyacid is aromatic
• the unsubstituted acid has the general formula:
• aromatic peroxy acids or salts thereof include monoperoxyphthalic acid, diperoxyterephthalic acid, 4-cnloroperoxyphthalic acid and the monosodium salt of diperoxyterephthalic acid.
• a preferred aromatic peroxyacid is diperoxyisophthalic acid.
• the concentration of the peroxygen bleaching compound in the compositions of this invention is about 1 to about 75% by weight, preferably about 5 to about 60% by weight and most preferably about 5 to about 50% by weight.
• the concentration of the peroxygen bleaching compound is at a sufficient level in the bleaching composition to provide about 1 ppm to about 1000 ppm, when the composition is contacted with and dissolved in water at room temperature or higher.
• the bleaching system acts through a mechanism first involving the reaction of an acylpiperidone with a peroxygen bleaching compound, such as, a monoperoxysulfate upon contact with water to form a dioxirane intermediate.
• a peroxygen bleaching compound such as, a monoperoxysulfate
• the intermediate then reverts back to the original acylpiperidone liberating nascent oxygen at the same time functioning in the bleaching operation. Because of the reversion, the acylpiperidone may be considered as a catalyst since it is not consumed in the process.
• the acylpiperidones of this invention are stable solids having a melting point of at least 25 oC that can be conveniently post blended with the conventional powder detergents of bleach additives, unlike liquid peroxy bleach activators. Additionally, these peroxygen bleaches of the instant invention have the advantage that they are fully activated in the presence of water over a broad range of temperatures from below room temperature to higher temperatures; are stable solids resistant -to hydrolysis and are biodegradable leaving no nitrogen residues and thus are environmentally safe and acceptable.
• the concentration of the dioxirane formed from these acylpiperidones in use in the water is about 1 to about 10,000 parts per million (ppm), more preferably about 1 to about 5,000 ppm and most preferably about 1 to about 1,000 ppm.
• the peroxygen bleaching composition can be utilized as an additive to a ful?y formulate composition at a concentration level of about l to about 75% by weight preferably about 6 to about 60 weight % and most preferably about 5 to about 50 weight % depending upon the kind of cleaning composition.
• either the peroxygen bleaching compound, the monopersulfate for example, or the piperidone bleach activator can be encapsulated using any of the known encapsulating techniques and agents which are water soluble at a preselected temperature.
• a typical powder form automatic dishwashing composition (by weight) containing the claimed peroxygen bleach composition comprises:
• a typical nonaqueous liquid automatic dishwashing composition (by weight) comprises:
• a typical powder form detergent composition (by weight) comprises:
• An exemplary nonaqueous laundry detergent comprises (by weight) :
• a typical scouring powder composition suitable for removing stains from hard surfaces comprises by weight:
• a typical nonconcentrated powdered bleach composition comprises by weight: (1) 1-75% of Potassium Monopersulfate (2) 1-75% of the claimed acylpiperidone
• the bleach activator process of the instant invention is carried out in aqueous solution having a pH of about 7 to about 12. Outside of this range the bleaching performance falls off markedly. Since the aqueous solutions of the persalts or peracids of the present invention are generally acidic, it is necessary to nair.tain th ⁇ . requisite pH conditions by utilizing standard buffering agents.
• a buffering agent is defined as any non-interfering compound which can alter and/or maintain a specified pH.
• Useful buffers include phosphates, carbonates, or bicarbonates designed to buffer in the range of 7-12. Specific examples include sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, and disodium hydrogen phosphate. Buffering agents generally comprise about 1% to about 85% of the instant concentrated bleaching compositions.
• Nonionic surfactants suitable for use herein include ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty alcohols, capped or uncapped. Typical nonionic surfactants are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,316,812 incorporated herein by reference. Foam inhibition is important to increase dishwasher and laundry machine efficiency and minimize the destabilizing effects what may occur due to the presence of excess foam within the washer during laundering. The degree of foam is partly dependent on the hardness of the wash water where addition of builder salts, such as, NaTTP (sodium tripolyphosphate) which has a water softening effect may aid in providing a degree of foam inhibition.
• builder salts such as, NaTTP (sodium tripolyphosphate) which has a water softening effect may aid in providing a degree of foam inhibition.
• silicones from Dow Chemical and the alkyl phosphoric acid esters derived from C12-C20 alkanols or ethoxylated alcohols.
• Commercially available examples of the latter are SAP from Hooker and LPKN from Knapsack.
• alkali metal detergent builder salts include the polyphosphates, e.g., alkali metal pyrophosphates, alkali metal tripolyphosphates, alkali metaphosphates and the like.
• Low molecular weight polyacrylates in the range of about 1,000 about 100,000 can be used in conjunction with the builder salts.
• a preferred polyacrylate is Norasol LMW45ND sold by Norsohaas as is Acusol TM 640D from Rohm & Haas. These are employed in a range of about 0-15% or 0.1-10%.
• compositions can also contain a nonphosphate builder system comprised of a mixture of phosphate-free particles formed from a builder salt and a low molecular weight polyacrylaate.
• a preferred solid builder salt is an alkali metal carbonate, such as, sodium carbonate or sodium citrate or a mixture thereof. When a mixture is used, a weight ratio of sodium carbonate to sodium citrate of about 9:1 to about 1:9 and preferably about 3:1 to about 1:3 is used.
• the alkali metal silicates serve as anti-corrosion agents functioning to make the composition anti-corrosive to eating utensils and to automatic dishwashing machine parts.
• Sodium silicates of Na 2 /Si0 2 ratios of from 1:1 to ,1:3.4 especially about 1:2 to 1:3 are preferred. Potassium silicates of the same ratios can also be used.
• the preferred silicates are sodium disilicate (hydrated or anhydrous) and sodium metasilicate.
• Thickening agents that can be used to ensure the physical stability of the suspension and to enhance its viscosity are those that will swell and develop thixotropic properties in a nonaqueous environment. These include organic polymers and inorganic and organic modified clays. Essentially, any clay can be used as long as it will swell in a nonaqueous environment and exhibits thixotropic properties. A preferred clay is bentonite. A swelling agent is used with the bentonite clay. A preferred swelling agent is a combination of propylene carbonate and tripropylene glycol methyl ether. However, any other substance that will cause bentonite to swell in a nonaqueous environment and to develop thixotropic properties can be used.
• nonaqueous liquid carrier materials that can be used for formulating nonaqueous liquid compositions include the higher glycols, polyglycols, polyoxides and glycol ethers. Examples are propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and the like.
• a preferred nonaqueous carrier is polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200) or polyethylene glycol 300 (PEG 300) .
• the system that can be used in the instant compositions to ensure phase stability can comprise a finely divided silica, such as, Cab-O-Sil M5, Cab-O-Sil EH5 or Aerosil 200 used at a level of about 0 to about 4.0 weight % and preferably about 0.5 to about 3.0 weight %.
• a finely divided silica such as, Cab-O-Sil M5, Cab-O-Sil EH5 or Aerosil 200 used at a level of about 0 to about 4.0 weight % and preferably about 0.5 to about 3.0 weight %.
• the detergent formulation can also contain a mixture of a proteolytic enzyme and an amylolytic enzyme and optionally, a lipolytic enzyme that serves to attack and remove the organic residues on glasses, plates, pots, pans, and other eating utensils.
• Proteolytic enzymes attack protein residues, lipolytic enzymes fat residues and amylolytic enzymes starches.
• Proteolytic enzymes include the protease enzymes subtilism, bromelin, papain, trypsin end pepsin.
• Amylolytic enzymes include amylase enzymes.
• Lipolytic enzymes include the lipase enzymes.
• the preferred amylase enzyme is available under the name Maxamyl, derived from Bacillus lichenformis, from Gist-Brocades of the Netherlands in the form of a nonaqueous slurry (18% of enzyme) having an activity of about 40,000 TAU/g.
• Maxatase is a preferred protease enzyme.
• compositions include perfumes, hydrotropic agents, such as, sodium benzene, toluene, and cumene sulphonates, preservatives, dyestuffs, pigments and the like.
• hydrotropic agents such as, sodium benzene, toluene, and cumene sulphonates
• preservatives dyestuffs, pigments and the like.
• Especially preferred for coloring are the chlorinated phthalocyanines and polysulfides of aluminosilicate which provide, respectively, green and blue tints. Titanium dioxide may be used for whitening or neutralizing off-shades.
• Bleaching tests were performed in a six bucket (1-liter) terg-o-tometer at 80° F and 120° F. Tests were run in tap water.
• Dioxiranes were generated in situ by the addition of Oxone (0.35 g) and the N-acyl-piperidone to the terg-o-tometer which contained the Fab Ultra detergent. After ten seconds of agitation of the above solution, stained swatches were added to the solution and agitation was continued for 15 minutes. The stains were then rinsed in tap water, dried and their reflectance measured on a reflecto eter to determine the average soil removal (% ASR) .
• the % Average Soil Removal (% ASR) value is calculated by averaging the individual % Soil Removal (%SR) values of the four stains evaluated.
• the % Soil Removal (%SR) of a stained swatch was determined by manipulating its reflectance values which are measured from a swatch both before and after washing.
• a reflectance value is the amount of light that a surface (such as a swatch) will reflect. The following procedure will illustrate this protocol.
• Coffee/Tea (Cotton Percal) stained swatches were bleached in the Dioxirane system (BPIP-Oxone) using the procedure above.
• Table A provides the measured reflectance values of the swatches without stain fNo soiH , with the stain (fifi ⁇ fid) , and after washing f ashed) . For each stain there are two swatches evaluated in order that there be an average value calculated.
• the % SR value for thecoffee/tea stained swatch is calculated by inserting the average of the measured reflectance values into the equation presented below.
• the % SR value for the coffee/tea stained swatch at 70° F is 83.69.
• the individual % SR values of all four stains were added up and the sun is divided by four as shown in Table B below where the % ASR value for the BPIP/Oxone (30/350 ppm) system is shown to be 59.59. Table B
• This protocol is usually done in replicates of two or three to provide an overall average value and standard deviation as illustrated in Tables 1 through 4.
• Tables 1 and 2 contain the % Soil Removal Values obtained at 70° F and 100° F respectively for oxone alone at a concentration of 350 ppm (Control) , Oxone (350 ppm) plus 30 ppm of N-benzoy1-4.-piperidone (BPIP) , a dioxirane of this invention, 0-. ne (350 ppm) plus 30 ppm of cyclohexanone and Oxone (350 ppm) plus 100 ppm of cyclohexanone.
• BPIP N-benzoy1-4.-piperidone
• TMP 2,2,6,6-tetra__ethy1-4-piperidone
• Table 3 The bleach performance of Oxone la not potentiated In the preaence of 2,2,6,6-tetram ⁇ thyl piperidone (TMP) at 80 *F.
• piperidones which are use f u l f or peroxygen bleaching activation include but are not limited to N-formyl-3-piperidone, N-formy1-4-piperidone, N-acetyl-3-piperidone, N-acety1-4-piperidone, N-propionyl-3-piperidone, N-propionyl-4-piperidone, N-stearyl-3-piperidone, N-stearyl-4-piperidone as well as N-acyl 3- or 4-piperidones where R in the generic formula on page 3 are benzyl, xylyl, phenylethyl, amino, substituted amino and liy. ⁇ groups.
• compositions of this invention inhibit dye transfer from taking place from aqueous media in which soiled fabrics are being cleaned by the bleaching of the fabrics.

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• 1996
  • 1996-12-18 AU AU14257/97A patent/AU1425797A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-12-18 WO PCT/US1996/020174 patent/WO1997024429A1/en active Application Filing
  • 1996-12-26 CO CO96067871A patent/CO4770895A1/es unknown

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