Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
  • A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
  • A61K35/28—Bone marrow; Haematopoietic stem cells; Mesenchymal stem cells of any origin, e.g. adipose-derived stem cells
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K40/00—Cellular immunotherapy
  • A61K40/10—Cellular immunotherapy characterised by the cell type used
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K40/00—Cellular immunotherapy
  • A61K40/20—Cellular immunotherapy characterised by the effect or the function of the cells
  • A61K40/22—Immunosuppressive or immunotolerising
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K40/00—Cellular immunotherapy
  • A61K40/40—Cellular immunotherapy characterised by antigens that are targeted or presented by cells of the immune system
  • A61K40/41—Vertebrate antigens
  • A61K40/418—Antigens related to induction of tolerance to non-self
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K41/00—Medicinal preparations obtained by treating materials with wave energy or particle radiation ; Therapies using these preparations
  • A61K41/10—Inactivation or decontamination of a medicinal preparation prior to administration to an animal or a person
  • A61K41/17—Inactivation or decontamination of a medicinal preparation prior to administration to an animal or a person by ultraviolet [UV] or infrared [IR] light, X-rays or gamma rays
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2239/00—Indexing codes associated with cellular immunotherapy of group A61K40/00
  • A61K2239/38—Indexing codes associated with cellular immunotherapy of group A61K40/00 characterised by the dose, timing or administration schedule
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K40/00—Cellular immunotherapy
  • A61K40/50—Cellular immunotherapy characterised by the use of allogeneic cells

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method of transplanting hematopoietic system reconstituting cells between genetically unrelated individuals using a combination of treated mononuclear cells and bone marrow or peripheral blood hematopoietic system reconstituting cells.
• Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is the preferred treatment for a variety of malignant and genetic diseases ofthe blood and blood-forming cells.
• the widespread application of this therapy is limited by the availability of suitable bone marrow donors who are genetically related to the patient and share the same transplantation antigens on the surface of their blood cells. Only 25% of patients have a sibling who is an antigenically matched potential donor.
• Bone marrow transplantation can be offered to those patients who lack an appropriate sibling donor by using bone marrow from antigenically matched, genetically unrelated donors (identified through a national registry), or by using bone marrow from a genetically related sibling or parent whose transplantation antigens differ by one to three of six human leukocyte antigens from those ofthe patient.
• GvHD graft vs. host disease
• graft rejection increases to 60%.
• GvHD is a disease with significant morbidity. Patients who develop acute GvHD may develop blisters covering most of their skin surface, massive gastrointestinal bleeding or fulminant liver failure and jaundice.
• Patients who develop chronic GvHD may develop scleroderma that results in joint contractures and skin ulcers, hair loss and a generalized wasting syndrome. Patients with acute or chronic GvHD are immuno ⁇ suppressed and at risk for life-threatening opportunistic infections similar to those that develop among AIDS patients.
• T cells from the bone marrow obtained from matched unrelated or unmatched sibling donors results in a decreased incidence of graft vs. host reactions, but an increased incidence of rejection ofthe allogeneic bone marrow graft by the patient.
• lymphocytes, and especially T cells, present in the allogeneic bone marrow graft are important to ensure engraftment in antigenically and genetically mis ⁇ matched recipients.
• T cells present in the allogeneic graft also have an important role in eliminating residual cancer cells in the recipient, a phenomenon termed "graft vs.
• the "ideal" donor T cell in an allogeneic bone marrow or stem cell graft would have the ability to prevent graft rejection and mediate the graft vs. leukemia effect without producing GvHD.
• the potential to successfully transplant T cell- depleted, or stem cell-enriched bone marrow or stem cells from antigenically mis- matched donors to patients without graft rejection or GvHD would greatly extend the availability of bone marrow transplantation to those patients without an antigenically matched sibling donor.
• the present invention overcomes the problems in the art by providing a method of transplanting hematopoietic system reconstituting cells from a donor to an antigenically matched or unmatched, genetically unrelated recipient or an antigenically unmatched, genetically related recipient with successful engraftment in the absence of GvHD.
• the present invention provides a method of transplanting hematopoietic system reconstituting cells from a donor into an allogeneic recipient comprising administering to the recipient, prior to the administration ofthe hematopoietic system reconstituting cells, an amount of mononuclear cells which are treated so as to render them incapable of proliferating and causing a lethal GvHD effect, but which are effective in enhancing subsequent engraftment ofthe hematopoietic system reconstituting cells in the recipient; and administering to the recipient an effective amount of hematopoietic system reconstituting cells.
• the present invention provides a method of transplanting bone marrow cells into an allogeneic recipient comprising administering to the recipient, one to five days prior to administration ofthe bone marrow cells, between 0.05 x IO 6 and 30 x IO 6 cells/kg of body weight of T cells that have been exposed to between 500 and 1000 rads of irradiation; and administering to the recipient between 1.0 x 10 8 and 4 x 10* T cell-depleted bone marrow cells/kg of body weight.
• the present invention provides a method of transplanting hematopoietic system reconstituting cells from a donor source into an allogeneic recipient comprising administering to the recipient, prior to the administration ofthe hematopoietic system reconstituting cells, an amount of mononuclear cells which are treated so as to render them incapable of proliferating and causing a lethal GvHD effect, but which are effective in enhancing subsequent engraftment ofthe hematopoietic system reconstituting cells in the recipient; and administering to the recipient an effective amount of hematopoietic system reconstituting cells.
• hematopoietic system reconstituting cells means a population of cells, preferably human, that possess the capability of dividing and producing progeny that include all ofthe formed cellular elements ofthe blood.
• donor source means the animal, preferably human, that is the natural source from which the hematopoietic system reconstituting cells are originally removed.
• a “recipient” is the animal, typically human, into which the hematopoietic system reconstituting cells will be transplanted.
• allogeneic as used herein means that the recipient is not the natural source from which the hematopoietic system reconstituting cells have been removed.
• Major histocompatability complex antigens also called human leukocyte antigens, HLA
• HLA human leukocyte antigens
• MHC HLA antigens are target molecules that are recognized by certain immune effector cells [XT- cells and natural killer (NK cells)] as being derived from the same source of hematopoietic reconstituting stem cells as the immune effector cells ("self) or as being derived from another source of hematopoietic reconstituting cells ("non-self 1 ).
• Mononuclear cells are cells ofthe hematopoietic system identified by a round, nonsegmented nucleus. Mononuclear cells can include T cells, NK cells, monocytes, mixtures of T cells, NK cells or monocytes.
• T cells include the expression of a complex of proteins on their cell surfaces that include the CD3 antigen and the T cell receptor (TCR) that can bind to MHC HLA molecules expressed on the surface of other cells.
• CD3 TCR complex allows T cells to recognize cells from genetically different individuals as expressing "non-self MHC/HLA antigens and to recognize virally infected cells and tumor cells from the same individual as expressing "altered self
• T cells are able to bind to and kill cells that express "non-self and “altered self MHC HLA by the activation of specific cytolytic enzymes; they regulate (including stimulation and inhibition) T cell and B cell proliferation and antibody production in response to a specific antigen; they release protein molecules called cytokines that stimulate or inhibit the immune response; and they undergo multiple rounds of cell division and produce daughter cells with similar biologic properties as the parent cell.
• T cells with some attributes of NK cells include cells that express both the CD3 (T cell specific) and the CD56 (NK cell specific) antigens.
• NK cells include: the expression of antigens on their cell surface that include one or more ofthe following: CD16, CD56, and CD57 and the absence of the alpha/beta or gamma delta TCR complex expressed on the cell surface; the ability to bind to and kill cells that fail to express "self MHC/HLA antigens by the activation of specific cytolytic enzymes; the ability to kill tumor cells from a genetically unrelated individual; the ability to release protein molecules called cytokines that stimulate or inhibit the immune response; and the ability to undergo multiple rounds of cell division and produce daughter cells with similar biologic properties as the parent cell.
• monocytes include the ability to engulf (phagocytosis) bacteria and "non-self cells; the elaboration of cytokines that stimulate T cells and NK cells; the release of molecules that cause inflamation; and the presentation of antigens to T cells.
• the mononuclear cells are "treated so as to render them incapable of proliferating and causing a lethal GvHD effect.”
• this phrase means that the mononuclear cells can be treated, for example by exposure to a source of ionizing radiation, which will have the effect of preventing lethal GvHD. It is believed that the treatment sufficiently hinders the mononuclear cell proliferation such that they do not cause a lethal GvHD in the patient.
• Sources of ionizing radiation can include but are not limited to gamma radiation produced by the nuclear decay of a radio-isotope (Till and McCuUoch, 1961, "A direct measurement ofthe radiation sensitivity of normal mouse bone marrow cells", Radiation Research, 14:213-222) and a linear accelerator which produces high energy X-rays (Gratmple etal. (1988), "Irradiated buffy coat following T cell depleted bone marrow transplants", Bone Marrow Transplantation , 3:577-582).
• gamma radiation as the source ofthe ionizing radiation
• the mononuclear cells in one example, can be irradiated with between 250 and 2000 rads of radiation.
• An alternative range of irradiation doses is between 500 and 1500 rads of irradiation, with 500 to 1000 rads of irradiation being another range.
• the mononuclear cells can also be irradiated with gamma radiation using any range of any values between 250 and 5000 rads, for example, 350 and 1900, 450 and 1800, 550 and 1700, etc. or combinations thereof (e.g., 250 and 1900).
• the mononuclear cells can be treated with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs to render the cells incapable of proliferating and causing a lethal GvHD.
• Cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs act by cross-linking DNA or otherwise interfering with normal cellular metabolism so as to render cells incapable of proliferating (Chabner (1993) "Anticancer Drugs" in Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, Fourth Edition , eds. DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg, pp. 325-417. J.B. Lippincott publishers, Philadelphia).
• cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs examples include, but are not limited to, mitomycin C, bleomycin, actinomycin D, fludarabine, doxirubicin, daunorubicin, mitoxanthrone, cytarabine, streptozocin and amsacrine.
• the mononuclear cells are incubated with a sufficient concentration ofthe cytotoxic drug so as to result in their eventual death. For example, 5xl0 7 mononuclear cells/ml can be incubated with 50 ⁇ g/ml mitomycin C in phosphate buffered saline for 20 minutes at 37°.
• Mitomycin C enters the mononuclear cells and acts to cross-link DNA. Unbound mitomycin C is then removed by diluting the cell suspension with PBS, centrifuging the mixture at 300xg for 5 minutes and removing the supernatant. Fresh PBS is added to the cell pellet and the washing procedure is repeated two additional times. The cell pellet is then resuspended in PBS or a similar physiologic salt solution.
• the mononuclear cells are treated, for example, by either ionizing radiation or cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs to render the cells substantially incapable of proliferating but such that the mononuclear cells are effective in enhancing subsequent engraftment ofthe hematopoietic system reconstituting cells in the recipient, for example, by neutralizing restricting host cells.
• This enhancement may be due to mononuclear cells conditioning the recipient to successfully accept the transplanted cells without proliferating in the recipient and mounting an immune response against the recipient's cells.
• the mononuclear cells can also exert a graft versus leukemia effect by which they aid in the elimination of residual cancer cells in the recipient.
• the treated mononuclear cells can be administered to the recipient at any time prior to the administration ofthe hematopoietic system reconstituting cells and preferably are administered up to ten days prior to administration ofthe hematopoietic system reconstituting cells. Most preferably, the treated mononuclear cells are administered to the recipient between one and five days prior to the administration ofthe hematopoietic system reconstituting cells. Any range of treatment, e.g., one to nine, two to eight, three to seven, one to two, one to three, zero to one, zero to two days, etc. are also provided.
• the hematopoietic system reconstituting cells and the treated mononuclear cells can be from the same donor source or they can be from different donors.
• These donor source cells include cells which are propogated in vitro or derived in vitro from a less differentiated cell type ofthe donor source, for example, from a yolk sac or other embryonic fetal tissue source such as embryonic stem cells.
• the amount of treated mononuclear cells administered to the recipient in one example, can be between 0.05 x IO 6 and 30 x IO 6 cells/kg ofthe recipient's body weight. Subranges of treated mononuclear cells are also provided, for example 5 to 25x10 6 , 10 to 20x10 6 , 5 to 20x10 6 , etc.
• the hematopoietic system reconstituting cells administered to the recipient can, in one example, be present in a source population of between 0.2 x 10 8 and 4.0 x 10 8 , or ranges there between, donor bone marrow cells/kg ofthe recipient's body weight.
• the bone marrow cells can be obtained from the donor by standard bone marrow aspiration techniques known in the art. Bone marrow cells are removed from the donor by placing a hollow needle into the marrow space and withdrawing a quantity of marrow cells by aspiration.
• the hematopoietic system reconstituting cells administered to the recipient can, in one example, be present in a source population of between 1.0 x 10 8 and 40 x 10" , or ranges there between, donor cytokine mobilized peripheral blood stem cells/kg of recipient's body weight.
• Peripheral blood cells can be obtained from the donor, for example, by standard phlebotomy or apheresis techniques. Phlebotomy is performed by placing a hollow needle into a vein and withdrawing a quantity of whole blood using aspiration or gravity. Apheresis is performed in a similar manner to phlebotomy except the whole blood is anticoagulated and then separated into the constituent formed cellular elements by centrifugation. The mononuclear cell fraction is retained and the remaining plasma and other cellular elements (red blood cells, granulocytes, platelets) are returned to the patient by intravenous infusion.
• Peripheral blood stem cells can be cytokine mobilized by injecting the donor with hematopoietic growth factors such as Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), stem cell factor (SCF) subcutaneously or intravenously in amounts sufficient to cause movement of hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow space into the peripheral circulation.
• G-CSF Granulocyte colony stimulating factor
• GM-CSF granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor
• SCF stem cell factor
• the hematopoietic reconstituting cells can also be derived from fetal or embryonic human tissue that is processed and/or cultured in vitro so as to increase the numbers or purity of monave hematopoietic elements.
• the hematopoietic system reconstituting cells administered to the recipient can be T cell-depleted to prevent the development of GvHD.
• the cell population is depleted of T cells by one of many methods known to one skilled in the art (Blazer et al. , ( 1985) "Comparison of three techniques for the ex vivo elimination of T cells from human bone marrow.” Experimental Hematolog 13:123-128) or by using affinity chromatography, as described below.
• the hematopoietic system reconstituting cells administered to the recipient can also be hematopoietic system cells that have been enriched from the source population.
• the source population can be either donor bone marrow cells or donor peripheral blood cells.
• the hematopoietic system reconstituting cells can be enriched from the source population by selecting cells that express the CD34 antigen, using combinations of denisty centrifugation, immuno-magnetic bead purification, affinity chromatography, and flourescent activated cell sorting, known to those skilled in the art (Baum, CM., LL. Weissman et al, (1992) "Isolation of a candidate human hematopoietic stem-cell population" Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. U.S.A. 89:2804-8; Lansdorp, P.M., H.J.
• the treated mononuclear cells and hematopoietic system reconstituting cells are typically administered to the recipient in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier by intravenous infusion.
• Carriers for these cells can include but are not limited to solutions of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing a mixture of salts in physiologic concentrations.
• PBS phosphate buffered saline
• the recipient can be treated with antibodies or antisera intended to deplete residual T cells or NK cells.
• Examples include the administration of 1 OO ⁇ l of antiasialo antisera to mice by intravenous or intraperitoneal injection one to three days prior to the administration of allogeneic bone marrow cells, a treatment that enhances the engraftment ofthe mice by antigenically mismatched and genetically unrelated tumor cells ( Waller et al (1991) "Growth of primary T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomata in SCID-hu mice: requirement for a human lymphoid microenvironment", Blood
• Another example includes the intraveneous administration of anti- thymocyte globulin to human patients one to five days prior to the intraveneous infusion of allogeneic bone marrow cells (Storb et al. (1994) "Cyclophosphamide combined with antithymocyte globulin in preparation for allogeneic marrow transplants in patients with aplastic anemia", Blood 84(3):941-9).
• the present invention provides a method of transplanting bone marrow cells from a donor into an allogeneic recipient comprising administering to the recipient, one to five days prior to administration ofthe bone marrow cells, between 0.05 x IO 6 and 30 x IO 6 cells/kg ofthe recipient's body weight of T cells that have been exposed to between 500 and 1000 rads of gamma irradiation; and administering to the recipient between 1.0 x 10 8 and 4 x IO 8 cells/kg ofthe recipient's body weight of T cell-depleted bone marrow cells.
• the present invention also provides a method of treating a cancer using mononuclear cells from a donor source into a non-autologous recipient.
• the method utilizes the protocol of administering mononuclear cells as described above.
• the mononuclear cells can be used to treat the cancer even in the absence of a hematopoietic cell transplantation.
• the step of administering hematopoietic system reconstituting cells is not necessary to treat a cancer.
• an allogeneic transfer of mononuclear cells is utilized although the transfer can also be xenogeneic.
• the tumor antigen or whole cells containing the antigen can be utilized to prime the donor or cells from the donor prior to transfer to the recipient.
• Current Protocol in Immunology ed. J.E. Coligan et al., John Wiley and Sons (1994).
• Any cancer can be treated using this method.
• These cancers include skin, brain, squamous cell carcinoma, sarcoma, esophageal, stomach, liver, kidney, colon, bladder, prostate, ovarian, uterine, testicular, neuroendocrine, bone, and pancreatic cancer.
• the method is especially useful for hematopoietic cell cancers such as leukemias, lymphomas and multiple myloma.
• mice B 10 R.III mice, aged eight to ten weeks, were purchased from Charles River/Jackson Laboratories. C57B1/6 (H2Kb Thy 1.2) and BA (H2Kb Thy 1.1) mice were bred and maintained in sterile housing at the Emory University Animal Care Facility. Drinking water was acidified to a pH of 2.5.
• HBSS Hanks Buffered Saline Solution
• BA H2Kb Thy 1.1 mice by removing the spleen and placing it in a small petri dish.
• a single cell suspension was generated by flushing the spleen with medium using a 25 gauge needle followed by repeated pipetting.
• Bone marrow cells at a concentration of 2 x IO 7 cells per milliliter were incubated with biotinylated ⁇ CD3 antibody (Pharmingen, San Diego, CA) at a saturating concentration of antibody on ice for 20 minutes, then washed with ten volumes of HBSS FBS and collected by centrifugation.
• the cell pellets were suspended in 100 ⁇ l of Streptavidin Microbeads (Miltenyi Biotech GmbH) and 200 ⁇ l degassed HBSS. This solution was incubated on ice for 20 minutes, then washed as previously described.
• the cells were run over a Mini Macs magnetic separation column (Miltenyi Biotech, Gmbh). The first fraction collected was depleted of CD3+ cells (T cell depleted fraction). The column was removed from the magnetic source and CD3+ cells were eluted by washing the column with 0.5 ml HBSS/FBS.
• Spleen cell suspensions were irradiated to 1000 rads in a single fraction at a dose rate of 1.462 rads sec (0.01462 cGy/sec).
• Antiasialo treatment Recipient mice were injected intraveneously with 100 ul (0.1ml) of antiasialo antisera.
• Recipient animals B10RJJJ H2Kr were exposed to 10 Gy (1000 rads) of radiation from a Cs 137 source (Gamacell Irradiator, Canada) at a dose rate of .01462 cGy/sec (1.462 rads/sec), with the total dose being delivered in two equal fractions separated by a five hour rest.
• Bone marrow and spleen cell suspensions were transplanted to irradiated animals by retroorbital injection under methoxyflurane anesthesia.
• the recipient animals were maintained on oral aqueous antibiotics (Neomycin Sulfate Polymyxin B Sulfate 6000 units/mg, Sigma Chemical, St.
• mice were anesthetized with methoxyflurane and about 200 ⁇ l of peripheral blood was collected from the retroorbital sinus into 400 ⁇ l of HBSS plus 100 U/ml sodium heparin.
• a 2 ml volume of 3% Dextran T500 (Pharmacia LKB, Piscataway, NJ) in HBSS was added to each blood sample and the mixture was incubated for 20 min at room temperature to allow sedimentation of red blood cells (RBC). The upper layer of RBC- depleted fluid was transferred to a new tube.
• Cells were collected from this layer by centrifugation and resuspended in 2 ml of cold 0.2% NaCl for one minute followed by the addition of 2 ml of cold 1.6% NaCl to restore isotonicity. Cells were collected by centrifugation, then resuspended in HBSS/FBS at a cell concentration of approximately 1 x IO 6 cells/ 100 ⁇ l for immunofluorescent staining. Donor and host-derived cells were distinguished with monoclonal antibodies specific for the MHC (H2Kb).
• Dual-color immunofluorescence using a fluorescein-conjugated anti-Thy 1.1 reagent and allophycocyanin-conjugated anti-Thy 1.2 reagent was performed to enumerate donor- derived T cells from bone marrow (Thy 1.2) and spleen (Thy 1.1).
• Table 1 shows the fraction of mice surviving thirty days after receiving a lethal dose of ionizing radiation followed by intravenous infusion of a small number (500,000 cells; 0.2 x 10 8 cells/kg) of mouse marrow cells. The survival was greatest (80%) among mice that received bone marrow cells from genetically identical
• mice The two strains of mice are completely (fully) mismatched at the MHC antigen loci.
• An analogous situation in humans would be donors and patients mismatched at all six ofthe HLA antigen loci.
• mortality is 60% due to graft failure and or GvHD for genetically related human donors and patients mismatched at twoout of six HLA antigens.
• the survival of mice that received allogeneic bone marrow cells was increased to 80% by the co-administration of unirradiated allogeneic spleen cells; however these recipient mice were at risk for developing GvHD as assessed by the survival of large numbers (+++) of mature T cells in their peripheral blood derived from the infused spleenocytes.
• mice that received allogeneic bone marrow cells in combination with irradiated spleen cells had a survival that was intermediate between the group that received syngeneic bone marrow and the group that received allogeneic bone marrow cells alone. Recipients of irradiated spleen cells did not have any detectable spleen- derived T cells in their peripheral blood, and are at much lower risk for GvHD.
• the addition of a single dose of irradiated spleen cells co-administered with the allogeneic bone marrow cells increased survival of recipient mice to 20%; the administration of two doses of irradiated spleen cells, (the first one day prior to the administration of allogeneic bone marrow cells and an additional dose co-administered with the allogeneic bone marrow cells) increased survival to 41%.
• the injection of anti-asialo antisera preceding the administration of two doses of irradiated spleen cells and the allogeneic bone marrow increased survival to 60%.
• anti-asialo antisera The function of anti-asialo antisera is to cause in vivo depletion of host NK cells, further reducing the resistance ofthe irradiated recipient to engraftment by fully allogeneic hematopoietic reconstituting cells.
• a patient diagnosed with a disorder for which transplantation of hemapoietic system reconstituting cells is indicated, can be given about 5 x IO 6 treated mononuclear cells kg isolated from the peripheral blood ofthe donor by apheresis about two days prior to the administration ofthe hematopoietic system reconstituting cells.
• the patient can be given hematopoietic system reconstituting cells either in a source population of about 5 x IO 6 CD34 + cells/kg isolated by apheresis from the donor's peripheral blood following treatment with GCSF or an equivalent cytokine, or about 2 x IO 6 CD34+ cells kg present in donor bone marow obtained by harvesting bone marrow cells.
• the hematopoietic system reconstituting cells administered to the patient can be T cell-depleted or CD34+ cell-enriched from the source population.
• IO 6 CD34+ cells/kg present in donor bone marow obtained by harvesting bone marrow cells.
• the hematopoietic system reconstituting cells administered to the patient can be T cell-depleted or CD34+ cell-enriched from the source population.
• Irradiated allogeneic donor lymphocytes have an anti leukemic effect in mice without producing graft vs. host disease.
• Methods Lethally Irradiated C57BL6 (H2K, Ly 5.2) were transplanted with 0.5 x IO 6 T-cells depleated (TCD) BM cells from MHC mismatched B 10.BR (H2K K ) donors along with a lethal dose of C 1498 mycloid leukemia cells from a congenic strain of Ly 5.1 + C57BL6 mice.
• Allogeneic spleen cells (H2K K ) were administered 24 hours prior to BMT and then concomitantly with the TCD BM graft.
• mice that died in the group receiving irradiated spleen cells 66% died of bone marrow hypoplasia and graft failure without evidence of leukemia in their blood, spleen, or bone marrow.
• Irradiated allogeneic lymphocytes retain an anti-leukemic activity in vivo without resulting in significant GvHD.

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