WO1997011843A1 - Building element - Google Patents

Building element Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997011843A1
WO1997011843A1 PCT/NO1996/000229 NO9600229W WO9711843A1 WO 1997011843 A1 WO1997011843 A1 WO 1997011843A1 NO 9600229 W NO9600229 W NO 9600229W WO 9711843 A1 WO9711843 A1 WO 9711843A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laminate
supporting plate
foam
surface layer
aluminium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1996/000229
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Einar Wathne
Haakon Thrane-Nielsen
Original Assignee
Norsk Hydro Asa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Hydro Asa filed Critical Norsk Hydro Asa
Priority to AU72304/96A priority Critical patent/AU7230496A/en
Publication of WO1997011843A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997011843A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
    • E04C2/521—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling
    • E04C2/525—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling for heating or cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/66—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of facade constructions, e.g. wall constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/10—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material
    • F24S70/16—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material made of ceramic; made of concrete; made of natural stone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/04—Inorganic
    • B32B2266/045—Metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S2080/01—Selection of particular materials
    • F24S2080/013—Foams
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composed wallboard (a laminate) and more specifically to a facade/floor board.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a facade board having an attractive, colour stable appearance that will not deteriorate even under extreme climatic conditions with intensive sun radiation in tropical/subtropical areas.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a laminate having a built-in tube system for the circulation of a medium to achieve an effective cooling/heating of the surface of the laminate.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically in an vertical cross-section the construction of the laminate
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the laminate in a horizontal section along the line I-I in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates schematically the laminate 1 , comprising a supporting plate 2 joined to a thinner top layer 3 by means of for instance a thin layer of adhesive (not shown in the figure).
  • the supporting plate 2 is according to a preferred embodiment of the invention made from foam-aluminium, preferably reinforced by non-metallic (ceramic) particles, of the type described in Norwegian Patent No. 172 697. Characteristic features of this type of foam-aluminium is that it has good mechanical properties and low weight (up to 90 % reduction in weight compared to matrix Al-material) together with good insulation properties regarding both thermal and acoustic insulation.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the laminate, where the supporting plate 2 is further provided with a plurality of grooves/recesses, arranged sub ⁇ stantially parallel to each other, for the installation of a tube system shown in the Figure as tube sling 5.
  • the tubes form part of a circulation system (not shown in the Figure) for cooling or heating of the top layer 3 when required, depending on the application of the laminate. Cooling/heating medium may circulate serially as shown in the Figure or in a parallel manner, respectively.
  • the tubes, tube con ⁇ nections and the support/mounting of the supporting plate to a possible suspension frame are made from a compatible Al-material (alloy), to eliminate the problems related to galvanic corrosion.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the laminate according to the invention comprises a top layer 3 made from a thin split natural slate, for instance a black surface-centered Finnmark-slate joined to foam-aluminium by adhesive means.
  • a novel type of facade boards having special/unique properties.
  • the commercially applied specular glass areas will become polluted both outside and inside, and there will gradually develop a deposit at the underside thereof caused by a corroded deposit in the solar heat collector. This influences the appearance in a negative manner, with fading, tinting colours and heat transfer properties, leading to a vast reduction in the heat absorption even as early as 5-7 years after installation.
  • the novel material pro ⁇ vides a maintenance-free, colour stable solar heat collector with low weight due to the thickness of the applied slate plates.
  • the thickness of said plates may be in the range of 1.5-2.5 mm.
  • the total weight per square metres of the laminate will be about 22 kilos dependent on the thickness of the slates and the thickness of the supporting foam-aluminium (20-40 mm), a feature which is very advantageous with respect to transport and when performing assembling at the building site.
  • the facade boards may be handled by manual operations and thus special crane equipment will not be required.
  • the black, surface-centered slate surface with bounded graphite is totally waterproof, colour stable and has high tensile strength values.
  • the laminate may be manufactured according to desired standard sizes as (conventional) two-component adhesive systems are applied in joining together the slate plates and the foam-aluminium preceded by possible priming of the contact surface of the slate.
  • foam-aluminium as supporting plate material is that the material is easy to process, and the pattern of grooves for the installation of tubes may even be stamped/pressed into the plate material as an alternative to milling, thus obtaining a process that saves material and that is benign with respect to the environment.
  • the laminate boards may, in addition to the application as facade boards, be applied as wall elements that are free-standing or integrated in roof or floor constructions with or without a built-in tube system for heat absorption and/or heat emission (cooling).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

A building laminate comprises a supporting plate (2) of foam-aluminium joined together with a surface layer (3) by means of an adhesive having an optimal adhesion to both components. The supporting plate may be provided with a tube sling (5) for the cooling/heating of the surface layer (3).

Description

Building element
The present invention relates to a composed wallboard (a laminate) and more specifically to a facade/floor board.
Large modern buildings as office buildings and public buildings as museums, theatres etc. often are provided with boards both at the inside and the outside thereof, the boards having for instance specular/reflective properties, decorative stones/slabs etc. The selection of materials, a relatively high weight/volume and labour-consuming production/assembling accompanied by high costs, will represent an obvious limitation for a broader implementation of such boards also in other types of buildings.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a new type of laminate that is substantially lighter than the previously known/applied boards, the laminate being more simple to produce and to assemble.
Another object of the invention is to provide a facade board having an attractive, colour stable appearance that will not deteriorate even under extreme climatic conditions with intensive sun radiation in tropical/subtropical areas.
A further object of the invention is to provide a laminate having a built-in tube system for the circulation of a medium to achieve an effective cooling/heating of the surface of the laminate. These and other objects and characteristic features of the invention and its preferred embodiments are achieved by a laminate as described in the claims and the detailed description of the invention with reference to the Figures 1-2, where
Fig. 1 shows schematically in an vertical cross-section the construction of the laminate, and
Fig. 2 illustrates the laminate in a horizontal section along the line I-I in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 illustrates schematically the laminate 1 , comprising a supporting plate 2 joined to a thinner top layer 3 by means of for instance a thin layer of adhesive (not shown in the figure). The supporting plate 2 is according to a preferred embodiment of the invention made from foam-aluminium, preferably reinforced by non-metallic (ceramic) particles, of the type described in Norwegian Patent No. 172 697. Characteristic features of this type of foam-aluminium is that it has good mechanical properties and low weight (up to 90 % reduction in weight compared to matrix Al-material) together with good insulation properties regarding both thermal and acoustic insulation.
Fig. 2 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the laminate, where the supporting plate 2 is further provided with a plurality of grooves/recesses, arranged sub¬ stantially parallel to each other, for the installation of a tube system shown in the Figure as tube sling 5. The tubes form part of a circulation system (not shown in the Figure) for cooling or heating of the top layer 3 when required, depending on the application of the laminate. Cooling/heating medium may circulate serially as shown in the Figure or in a parallel manner, respectively. The tubes, tube con¬ nections and the support/mounting of the supporting plate to a possible suspension frame are made from a compatible Al-material (alloy), to eliminate the problems related to galvanic corrosion. Another preferred embodiment of the laminate according to the invention comprises a top layer 3 made from a thin split natural slate, for instance a black surface-centered Finnmark-slate joined to foam-aluminium by adhesive means. According to this embodiment there is provided a novel type of facade boards having special/unique properties. The commercially applied specular glass areas will become polluted both outside and inside, and there will gradually develop a deposit at the underside thereof caused by a corroded deposit in the solar heat collector. This influences the appearance in a negative manner, with fading, tinting colours and heat transfer properties, leading to a vast reduction in the heat absorption even as early as 5-7 years after installation. The novel material pro¬ vides a maintenance-free, colour stable solar heat collector with low weight due to the thickness of the applied slate plates. The thickness of said plates may be in the range of 1.5-2.5 mm. The total weight per square metres of the laminate will be about 22 kilos dependent on the thickness of the slates and the thickness of the supporting foam-aluminium (20-40 mm), a feature which is very advantageous with respect to transport and when performing assembling at the building site. The facade boards may be handled by manual operations and thus special crane equipment will not be required. The black, surface-centered slate surface with bounded graphite is totally waterproof, colour stable and has high tensile strength values.
Long run tests conducted on this material show that the material will neither fade nor foul, even when exposed to corrosive environments for 50 years. The laminate may be manufactured according to desired standard sizes as (conventional) two-component adhesive systems are applied in joining together the slate plates and the foam-aluminium preceded by possible priming of the contact surface of the slate. A further advantage of using foam-aluminium as supporting plate material is that the material is easy to process, and the pattern of grooves for the installation of tubes may even be stamped/pressed into the plate material as an alternative to milling, thus obtaining a process that saves material and that is benign with respect to the environment.
The laminate boards may, in addition to the application as facade boards, be applied as wall elements that are free-standing or integrated in roof or floor constructions with or without a built-in tube system for heat absorption and/or heat emission (cooling).

Claims

Claims
1. A laminate (1) comprising a supporting plate (2) joined together with a surface layer (3), characterised in that the supporting plate (2) is made from foam-aluminium.
2. Laminate according to claim 1 , characterised in that the supporting plate is provided with a plurality of substantially parallel grooves for the assembling of a tube sling (5), for the cooling/heating of the surface layer (3).
3. Laminate according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the surface layer (3) comprises thin split natural slates fixed to the supporting plate (2) by means of an adhesive having an optimal adhesion to both natural slate and foam-aluminium.
4. Laminate according to claim 3, characterised in that the thickness of the slate layer is 1 to 3 mm.
5. Laminate according to one or more of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the laminate is applied as a facade board.
PCT/NO1996/000229 1995-09-29 1996-09-27 Building element WO1997011843A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU72304/96A AU7230496A (en) 1995-09-29 1996-09-27 Building element

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO953858 1995-09-29
NO953858A NO953858D0 (en) 1995-09-29 1995-09-29 laminate

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997011843A1 true WO1997011843A1 (en) 1997-04-03

Family

ID=19898611

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1996/000229 WO1997011843A1 (en) 1995-09-29 1996-09-27 Building element

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7230496A (en)
NO (1) NO953858D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1997011843A1 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000037861A1 (en) * 1998-12-22 2000-06-29 Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Flat façade unit for absorbing or releasing heat energy
US6465111B1 (en) * 1998-11-24 2002-10-15 Fritz Michael Streuber Metal foam jointing method
US6468671B1 (en) * 1998-11-24 2002-10-22 Fritz Michael Streuber Foamed metal preformed body
DE10328734A1 (en) * 2003-06-25 2005-01-13 Rwth Aachen Device for tempering of component parts in which continuous gap exists between outer contour of pipe element and cavity contour of mineral component has arrangement whereby gap is filled completely with cellular material
WO2006107223A1 (en) * 2005-04-04 2006-10-12 Dariusz Dzegan Building panel
WO2017093722A1 (en) * 2015-12-01 2017-06-08 University Of Surrey Security panel

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2814004A1 (en) * 1978-03-31 1979-10-11 Woermann Bauchemie Holding Ag Concrete slab on building roof or road - has inlaid meandering pipes conducting water absorbing solar heat
EP0210803A1 (en) * 1985-07-19 1987-02-04 Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology Foamed metal and method of producing same
WO1991001387A1 (en) * 1989-07-17 1991-02-07 Norsk Hydro A.S A process of manufacturing particle reinforced metal foam and product thereof
WO1991005929A1 (en) * 1989-10-19 1991-05-02 Owens Charles R Laminated tile and method for producing same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2814004A1 (en) * 1978-03-31 1979-10-11 Woermann Bauchemie Holding Ag Concrete slab on building roof or road - has inlaid meandering pipes conducting water absorbing solar heat
EP0210803A1 (en) * 1985-07-19 1987-02-04 Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology Foamed metal and method of producing same
WO1991001387A1 (en) * 1989-07-17 1991-02-07 Norsk Hydro A.S A process of manufacturing particle reinforced metal foam and product thereof
WO1991005929A1 (en) * 1989-10-19 1991-05-02 Owens Charles R Laminated tile and method for producing same

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6465111B1 (en) * 1998-11-24 2002-10-15 Fritz Michael Streuber Metal foam jointing method
US6468671B1 (en) * 1998-11-24 2002-10-22 Fritz Michael Streuber Foamed metal preformed body
WO2000037861A1 (en) * 1998-12-22 2000-06-29 Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Flat façade unit for absorbing or releasing heat energy
DE10328734A1 (en) * 2003-06-25 2005-01-13 Rwth Aachen Device for tempering of component parts in which continuous gap exists between outer contour of pipe element and cavity contour of mineral component has arrangement whereby gap is filled completely with cellular material
WO2006107223A1 (en) * 2005-04-04 2006-10-12 Dariusz Dzegan Building panel
WO2017093722A1 (en) * 2015-12-01 2017-06-08 University Of Surrey Security panel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO953858D0 (en) 1995-09-29
AU7230496A (en) 1997-04-17

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