WO1997011658A1 - Pansement absorbant pouvant epouser diverses formes - Google Patents

Pansement absorbant pouvant epouser diverses formes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997011658A1
WO1997011658A1 PCT/GB1996/002341 GB9602341W WO9711658A1 WO 1997011658 A1 WO1997011658 A1 WO 1997011658A1 GB 9602341 W GB9602341 W GB 9602341W WO 9711658 A1 WO9711658 A1 WO 9711658A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dressing
bag
pieces
water
absorbent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1996/002341
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William John Ward
Roderick John Hulme
Original Assignee
Smith & Nephew Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Smith & Nephew Plc filed Critical Smith & Nephew Plc
Priority to AU70895/96A priority Critical patent/AU7089596A/en
Publication of WO1997011658A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997011658A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/02—Adhesive plasters or dressings
    • A61F13/0203—Adhesive plasters or dressings having a fluid handling member
    • A61F13/0206—Adhesive plasters or dressings having a fluid handling member the fluid handling member being absorbent fibrous layer, e.g. woven or nonwoven absorbent pad, island dressings
    • A61F13/0209—Adhesive plasters or dressings having a fluid handling member the fluid handling member being absorbent fibrous layer, e.g. woven or nonwoven absorbent pad, island dressings comprising superabsorbent material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/02—Adhesive plasters or dressings
    • A61F13/0203—Adhesive plasters or dressings having a fluid handling member
    • A61F13/022—Adhesive plasters or dressings having a fluid handling member having more than one layer with different fluid handling characteristics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/02—Adhesive plasters or dressings
    • A61F13/0276—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing adhesive dressings or bandages
    • A61F13/0289—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing adhesive dressings or bandages manufacturing of adhesive dressings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/00089—Wound bandages
    • A61F2013/00217—Wound bandages not adhering to the wound
    • A61F2013/00229—Wound bandages not adhering to the wound with alginate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/00089—Wound bandages
    • A61F2013/00246—Wound bandages in a special way pervious to air or vapours
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/00361—Plasters
    • A61F2013/00544—Plasters form or structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/00361—Plasters
    • A61F2013/00544—Plasters form or structure
    • A61F2013/00574—Plasters form or structure shaped as a body part
    • A61F2013/00578—Plasters form or structure shaped as a body part conformable; soft or flexible, e.g. elastomeric
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/00361—Plasters
    • A61F2013/00727—Plasters means for wound humidity control
    • A61F2013/00731—Plasters means for wound humidity control with absorbing pads
    • A61F2013/0074—Plasters means for wound humidity control with absorbing pads containing foams
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/00361—Plasters
    • A61F2013/00727—Plasters means for wound humidity control
    • A61F2013/00731—Plasters means for wound humidity control with absorbing pads
    • A61F2013/00744—Plasters means for wound humidity control with absorbing pads containing non-woven
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/00361—Plasters
    • A61F2013/00727—Plasters means for wound humidity control
    • A61F2013/00748—Plasters means for wound humidity control with hydrocolloids or superabsorbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/00361—Plasters
    • A61F2013/00795—Plasters special helping devices
    • A61F2013/00829—Plasters special helping devices rigid or semi-rigid backing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/00361—Plasters
    • A61F2013/00855—Plasters pervious to air or vapours
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/00361—Plasters
    • A61F2013/00855—Plasters pervious to air or vapours
    • A61F2013/00868—Plasters pervious to air or vapours thin film
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/00361—Plasters
    • A61F2013/00902—Plasters containing means
    • A61F2013/0091—Plasters containing means with disinfecting or anaesthetics means, e.g. anti-mycrobic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/00361—Plasters
    • A61F2013/00902—Plasters containing means
    • A61F2013/00914—Plasters containing means with deodorising or perfuming means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/00361—Plasters
    • A61F2013/00902—Plasters containing means
    • A61F2013/00927—Plasters containing means with biological activity, e.g. enzymes for debriding wounds or others, collagen or growth factors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wound dressings, in particular dressings for irregularly shaped wounds.
  • Certain wounds present particular difficulties in choosing and applying a dressing because of their awkward shape.
  • a wound is a fungating carcinoma which is usually irregularly shaped and often protrudes from or extends into the skin. These wounds are usually unsightly and often exude heavily, the exudate typically having a characteristically unpleasant odour.
  • a dressing should be well adhered to surrounding skin but it can be difficult to achieve satisfactory adhesion around such a wound using conventional flat dressings. It is common for healthcare workers to spend a great deal of time dressing these wounds because they are distressing for the patient but the high rate of exudate evolved may necessitate frequent dressing changes.
  • Dressings which can absorb a large volume of exudate tend to be relatively difficult to shape to conform to extremely irregular protruding wounds without allowing exudate to leak.
  • a wound dressing which comprises individual pieces of absorbent material contained within a porous bag is described in EP-A-0171268. That dressing is, however, designed for use in deep cavity wounds and may be unsuitable for the irregularly shaped wounds described above.
  • a wound dressing comprises a plurality of discrete pieces of absorbent material loosely enclosed within a conformable bag or pouch such that said pieces may move freely within said bag, said bag being permeable to water over a part of its surface and impermeable to water over a different part of its surface.
  • the absorbent material may comprise natural or synthetic absorbents such as pulped paper based materials, woven or non ⁇ woven fibrous absorbents, gels, hydrocolloids or super-absorbents such as alginates, cereal husk derivatives, cellulose derivatives, naturally occurring or derived gums etc.
  • One preferred absorbent is a foam material, especially a hydrophilic foam material.
  • a preferred absorbent is a resilient, open cell foam.
  • Suitable open cell hydrophilic foams will have a cell size of 30 ⁇ m to 700 ⁇ m and preferably a cell size of 50 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
  • Such hydrophilic open cell foams will have 20% to 70% and preferably 30% to 60% of the total membrane area of the cells as membrane openings.
  • Such open cell foams permit transport of fluid secreted from the wound and of any cellular debris into and within the foam as well as between individual pieces of the foam.
  • Suitable foams include polyurethane, carboxylated butadiene- styrene rubber, polyacrylate, polyvinylic or cellulosic foams.
  • Polyvinylic foams include polyvinyl acetal foams formed by the reaction of polyvinyl alcohol and an aldehyde, usually formaldehyde or acetaldehyde. Such foams are generally hard until wetted by water. It is envisaged that such foams may be used dry or may be wetted and squeezed 'dry' whereupon they retain sufficient moisture to remain soft and flexible.
  • Suitable foams may be prepared from hydrophilic materials per se or may be treated to render them hydrophilic, for example with surfactants.
  • foams which are made of a polymer which is itself hydrophilic Such foams have been found to be less likely to cause the wound exudate to coagulate rapidly. It is also within the scope of the invention that two or more absorbents may be used or a combination of a foam with an absorption enhancing material such as, for example, a cellulose material in a form which is capable of being retained within the bag.
  • Favoured hydrophilic polymer foams are hydrophilic polyurethane foams.
  • One favoured foam is made of cross-linked hydrophilic polyurethane.
  • Particularly favoured foams can be made by reacting a hydrophilic isocyanate-terminated polyether prepolymer with water.
  • Preferred hydrophilic polyurethane foams of this type include those known as Hypol (trade mark) foams. Hypol foams can be made from Hypol hydrophilic prepolymers marketed by W.R. Grace and Co.
  • a second favoured foam may be formed by foaming, for example by blowing or reticulating, a hydrophilic polyurethane described in United Kingdom Application No. 2093190.
  • Suitable polyurethanes include the linear polyether polyurethanes described therein and which are incorporated herein by cross-reference.
  • the hydrophilic polyurethanes are foamed using a conventional blowing agent or are reticulated by conventional means.
  • One way of forming the foam will be to cast a foamable composition onto a support to which it is not adherent and after curing the foam is recovered in the form of a sheet having a thickness of from 1 to 5mm, more suitably 2 to 10mm, preferably 3 to 5mm.
  • the sheet of foam may then be cut into pieces which have a size of 0.5 x 0.5mm to 15 x 15mm, and more suitably about 1 x 1 mm to 10 x 10mm, preferably 3 x 3 to 7 x 7mm and most preferably 3 x 3 to 5 x 5mm.
  • the pieces used need not necessarily be uniformly shaped. Irregular shaped pieces would result from chopping the foam in, for example, a kitchen blender or a fixed blade comminutor. Pieces which have uniform shape such as parallelepiped or cuboid may be formed by cutting the cast foam sheet using scissors, a sharp knife or other sha ⁇ bladed mechanical device. It is preferred that the pieces are approximately cuboid in shape.
  • the conformable hydrophilic polyurethane foam can be made by mixing together an isocyanate terminated polyether having functionality of more than two with a surfactant and water and casting the mixture onto a surface which is non-adherent to the foam.
  • Preferred isocyanate terminated polyethers include Hypols FHP 2000, 20001, 3000, 3001, 2002 and 2000HD marketed by W.R. Grace & Co. Hypols are described in a booklet published by W.R. Grace & Co. "Hypol: foamable hydrophilic polymers - laboratory procedures and foam formulation". Their preparation and use are disclosed in British Patent Specifications No. 1,429,711 and 1 ,507,232.
  • the material used to form the porous bag employed in the present invention is suitably an elastic, flexible material which has a soft feel when in contact with the skin. It is liquid permeable over a part of its surface. By liquid permeable it is meant that the material has been adapted to allow the passage of liquids such as blood, water, and wound exudate. Liquid permeability may be a result of the structure of the material, e.g. a relatively open, fibrous structure, or the material may be rendered permeable by providing it with apertures.
  • the material may possess apertures either by virtue of a manufacturing process, that is the material is an integral net or woven fabric for example or by forming the apertures in a film or layer of the material by means of conventional methods including needling, electric discharge, vacuum perforation, hot jet perforation and moulding under heat and pressure on a suitable former or by fibrillation of an embossed film.
  • the material has a reduced tendency to adhere to a moist wound surface.
  • the material will be chosen to enclose the pieces of absorbent and to isolate the wound surface from contact with the absorbent.
  • the bag material is preferably not adhered to the absorbent.
  • the size of the apertures in the bag material will be chosen not only to prevent pieces of absorbent escaping from the bag but also to prevent parts of the pieces of absorbent from protruding from the dressing and abrading the wound surface or adhering to it.
  • the bag is impermeable to liquid over a part of its surface.
  • This part of the bag may be formed from an unperforated polymeric film or from an inherently permeable material such as a fabric which has been treated, e.g. by coating, to render it impermeable.
  • the impermeable part of the bag may be formed from a similar basic material to that used for the permeable part of the bag (i.e. differing only in permeability to water) or it may be formed from a different type of material.
  • the bag will be formed from two pieces of similar conformable plastics film, one piece being perforated to allow water to pass through the film and into the interior of the bag.
  • the two parts of the bag may be formed from different materials.
  • a single piece of material may be used which is water permeable in one region and water-impermeable in a different region.
  • the material used for forming the liquid-permeable part of the bag will be a perforated polymeric film such as an integral net, for example formed either by the fibrillation of embossed films of polymeric material by biaxially stretching the film or by casting the material from a solution onto an embossed former.
  • the material is made from hydrophobic polymers including high or low density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polystyrene or copolymers or mixtures thereof or styrene-butadiene or styrene-isoprene-block copolymers.
  • the liquid- permeable part of the bag may be formed from a knitted, woven or non-woven material which is permeable to wound exudate.
  • the apertures in the material may be any convenient shape but are favourably of a circular shape, suitably the apertures will be 0.1mm to 4mm in diameter, more suitably 0.5mm to 3mm and preferably 1 to 2.5mm in diameter. If the apertures are irregular then they will have an area equivalent to that of the circular apertures described above.
  • One favoured form of material for forming the porous part of the bag for use in the present invention is an integral net.
  • Aptly such nets are formed by the fibrillation of a thermoplastic embossed polyolefin film comprising low and high density polyethylene, polypropylene or copolymers or blends thereof or blends of polyolefin with polystyrene.
  • the manufacture of such a net is described in for example British Patents Nos. 914489, 1055963, 1075487, 1106254, 1110051 , 1261515, 1496786, 1531715 and 1548865, which patents are incorporated herein by cross-reference.
  • integral net may be formed by the process described in British Patent No. 1548865.
  • This net is formed from hydrophobic polymers which include high density polyethylene and a blend of a high density polyethylene and high impact polystyrene.
  • porous material for use in the present invention are integral cast nets such as those formed by the process described in our copending United Kingdom Application No. 2093702 at page 7 Iines 20 to 38 which are incorporated herein by cross-reference.
  • a preferred material however for forming the porous material used in the present invention is in the form of a contoured net.
  • This net comprises a film which has a plurality of depressions impressed out of the plane of the film. In the permeable part of the bag, each of the depressions has an aperture at the bottom.
  • the net therefore is not flat but has a finite thickness. The thickness is defined as the perpendicular distance between the bottom of the depressions and the plane of the film. It has been found that these nets are flexible, elastic and have a particularly soft feel.
  • the dressings of the invention are formed with the apertured depressions of the permeable part of the bag facing into the interior of the dressing so that the pieces of absorbent are maintained at a distance from the wound surface but without impeding the absorption capacity of the dressing nor adversely affecting the rate at which wound exudate is taken into the dressing.
  • the contoured net will have a thickness as hereinbefore defined of from 0.5 to 2mm, more suitably 0.75 to 2mm and preferably 1.0 to 1.5mm.
  • the apertures in the net will have an area equivalent to a circle of diameter 0.5mm to 1.5mm, and preferably 0.75 to 1.0mm.
  • Polymeric material which is suitable for preparing contoured nets as described above include thermoplastic elastomeric polymers or polymer blends.
  • a favoured polymeric material is a blend of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and an incompatible polymer such as a polyolefin and particularly polystyrene.
  • a particularly preferred polymeric material is a blend of from 40 to 90 parts by weight of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and 60 to 10 parts by weight of polystyrene and more preferably 60 to 90 parts ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and 40 to 10 parts polystyrene.
  • the polymeric material preferably includes fillers or whitening materials such as titanium dioxide, because it maybe desirable to cover wounds from sight.
  • the film from which the contoured net is formed may suitably have a thickness of from 50 ⁇ m to 120 ⁇ m and preferably 95 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • a bulky non-woven fabric usually called a fleece
  • a fleece may be present between the walls of the bag and the pieces of absorbent.
  • the presence of this fleece makes the dressing softer, more resilient and more aesthetically pleasing and may also act to disperse the wound exudate as it passes through the apertured film bringing the exudate in contact with more absorbent more quickly.
  • the fleece may also provide an additional absorbency to the dressing and help contain small pieces of absorbent material within the bag.
  • Suitable materials for forming the fleece include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyamide and the like. It may be desirable to employ a mixture of a minor proportion of a hydrophilic polymer in forming the fleece.
  • a suitable mixture may comprise particularly rayon and polypropylene and an apt mixture is 10% rayon/90% polyethylene.
  • the fleece will have an uncompressed thickness of from 0.5mm to 2mm.
  • Another suitable material for forming the porous material of the bags used in the present invention is a contoured net as described hereinbefore which has been coated on the embossed surface with polymer fibres formed by spraying a solution of the polymer whereby the solvent evaporates in flight and the fibres so formed are collected on the contoured net to form a non-woven fabric which is adhered to the contoured net.
  • Observation of the coating using an optical microscope shows that some of the fibres bridge across apertures, where present, but without deleteriously affecting the absorption of the dressing or without affecting the elasticity of the contoured net.
  • Suitable polymers for forming a coating in this way are those which are soluble in volatile solvents and include polyurethanes and styrene-butadiene block copolymers.
  • Another preferred film which may be used to form the bag or pouch is a polyurethane film, preferably a hydrophilic polyurethane which has a moisture vapour permeability of greater than
  • Such a film is impermeable to liquids and so it is particularly suitable for the impermeable part of the bag because moisture from absorbed exudate inside the bag may be transmitted through such a film and so increase the effectiveness of the dressing in removing exudate from a wound.
  • a similar material may be perforated and used to form the liquid-permeable part of the bag.
  • the bag or pouch may be formed from a piece of perforated film and a piece of non-perforated film, both being of the same size and shape and superimposed one upon the other. They are then adhered to each other around the edges of the films, by welding, heat-sealing or by means of an adhesive. The absorbent pieces should be placed inside the bag before it is completely sealed around its edges.
  • the bag or pouch may be formed from two pieces of film or other material which are of unequal size, the liquid-impervious piece usually being larger so as to form an imperforate perimeter to the bag.
  • the proportion of the surface of the bag which is formed of material which is permeable to water is preferably up to 50%. In some forms, more than 50% of the bag surface is formed from imperforate, liquid-impermeable material. Alternatively the bag could be permeable over a greater part of its surface than the impermeable part.
  • At least a discrete region of the bag corresponding to at least 20% of the surface area of the bag is formed from a continuous material which is impervious to liquid water. That region may be at least 40% or at least 50% in preferred embodiments of the invention.
  • the total dry volume of absorbent pieces contained within the bag should be considerably less than the volume of the bag in order to provide space for the pieces to move around the bag when it is shaken. This enables the absorbent pieces to be moved around the bag so that the dressing may be shaped to conform to the contours of the wound. For example, if a protruding tumour is to be dressed, the absorbent pieces may be moved to the edges of the bag so as to be able to surround the tumour and conform to its shape.
  • the dressing is placed on the wound with the liquid-permeable part of the bag facing the wound and the impermeable part facing away from the wound.
  • the shape of the bag or pouch which contains the absorbent pieces is preferably regular and may be circular, square, hexagonal etc.
  • the bag may also be toroidal or annular. It may be any practical size commensurate with the purpose which it is intended to fulfil i.e. it should be sized so as to be able to cover a majority of the wounds for which it is designed and commercial examples of the dressing may be made available in a range of sizes.
  • the dressing may comprise more than one bag containing absorbent. For example several such bags may be adhered to an adhesive liquid-impermeable backing film.
  • the bags may be placed in a pattern such as a circle or evenly spaced. This type of arrangement may provide a means to contain a certain amount of absorbent in contact with a particular part of the wound.
  • the bag has a flange extending outwardly from the perimeter of the bag.
  • the flange may be formed from an extension of the unperforated part of the bag or, where the bag is formed from two pieces of material placed together, the edges of the material which are welded or adhered together may form a flange. Most preferably the flange is adjacent to and continuous with the unperforated part of the bag.
  • the bag is formed from an upper, continuous film and a lower, perforated film, each piece of film being circular, and the upper piece being of a larger diameter than the lower piece. The two pieces are then joined e.g.
  • the flange has an adhesive side and a non-adhesive side, the adhesive side being placed so as to enable the flange to be stuck to skin surrounding a wound such that the permeable part of the bag faces the wound and the impermeable part of the bag faces outward, away from the wound.
  • the dressing may be secured over and around the wound by means of adhesive tape placed over the flange. The flange assists in ensuring that a good seal may be formed between the dressing and the skin so that wound exudate and odour cannot escape from under the dressing.
  • an adhesive flange structure is sealed to the flange of the bag all around the perimeter so as to extend outwardly from the perimeter of the flange.
  • the adhesive structure preferably comprises a conformable film which is provided with a layer of medically acceptable pressure-sensitive adhesive, which is protected by a suitable release paper.
  • the film is preferably permeable to moisture vapour to enable sweat to evaporate from the skin to which the film is adhered, thereby avoiding maceration of the skin.
  • the film may be a thin film of the type used in thin-film dressings, such as hydrophilic polyurethane for example. Such thin films may beneficially have a relatively stiff support layer releaseably secured to the non-adhesive side of the film to assist the user to apply the adhesive film to the skin around the wound without creasing the film.
  • the wound dressings of the present invention may further contain physiologically active components which are present in therapeutically effective amounts.
  • the wound dressing may contain, for example, local anaesthetics, hormonal compounds, enzymes, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, debriding agents and less favourably lubricating and barrier chemicals such as silicone compounds.
  • the additional components should be compatible with the absorbent material used in the dressing and may be incorporated into the absorbent during its manufacture.
  • a preferred additional component is an antibacterial agent and is most preferably a water soluble antibacterial agent. Suitable antibacterial agents include chlorhexidine or a salt thereof, a silver salt such as sulver sulphadiazine or an acceptable iodine source such as povidone-iodine.
  • the physiologically active component may be present by 0.2 to 20%, more usually from 0.3 to 10% and preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight of the dressing, for example 1 %, 2% or 3%.
  • the absorbent pieces may be formulated to include activated charcoal as an odour-absorbing agent.
  • a layer of an odour-absorbing material such as a fabric which inco ⁇ orates activated charcoal, may be placed adjacent to the material forming the bag, preferably inside the bag, or may form part of the flange or a seal between the flange and the bag.
  • a perfume may be incorporated into the absorbent or the material of the bag either as an alternative to or in addition to an odour-absorbing material.
  • a method of making a wound dressing comprising the steps of placing together a layer of a water-impermeable material and a layer of a water- permeable material; sealing said layers together to form a container having an opening; placing into said container through said opening a plurality of pieces of an absorbent material and then sealing together said layers in the region of said opening to close said container.
  • a further method of making a wound dressing comprising the steps of placing a plurality of pieces of an absorbent material onto a first layer of one of a water impermeable material or a layer of water permeable material; placing a second layer which comprises the other said two materials over said first layer and pieces of absorbent material and then sealing together said first and second layers to form a closed container containing said absorbent pieces.
  • the dressing may be manufactured in a number of different ways.
  • the bag may be formed from two layers of material, e.g. polymer film, one of which is perforated to allow wound exudate to pass through.
  • the pieces may be formed into an open bag by heat sealing, radio-frequency welding or adhering them together around the edge of bag-shape.
  • the bag may optionally be turned inside-out so that any seam material is located inside the bag.
  • the bag is then filled with absorbent material pieces and sealed. It may then be secured to a film, e.g. an adhesive film which extends beyond the edges of the bag.
  • one piece of adhesive-coated liquid impermeable film may be used, to which a perforated or otherwise liquid-pervious film may be adhered to form a bag.
  • the absorbent pieces may be added before or after the bag is formed. If this method is used, a part of the adhesive surface of the adhesive-coated film may be covered by a non-adhesive material prior to the application of the liquid-permeable layer so that the adhesive surface does not extend within the bag to any significant degree.
  • a vacuum-forming technique may be used to form the material of the bag into a suitable shape for containing the absorbent pieces during manufacture.
  • the dressing is preferably sterilised and packed in a bacteria- proof package.
  • Figure 1 a sectional view through one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 a sectional view through a second form of dressing according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 a schematic sectional view of the dressing of Fig 2 in use upon a wound;
  • Figure 4 a schematic view of the dressing on a concave shaped wound
  • Figure 6 a sectional view through a further embodiment of the invention.
  • a dressing 10 is formed from a piece of liquid- impermeable film 11 and a piece of liquid-permeable film 12 joined around their edges to form a bag with a perimeter flange.
  • the films 11 , 12 comprise a blend of ethylvinyl acetate (60 parts) and high impact polystyrene (40 parts) which form a conformable elastic film.
  • Film 12 is contoured and has apertures in the base of depressions which form the contour, formed by placing the film material between a flat polyethylene sheet and an embossed sheet, heating the resulting "sandwich" to 80°C for 5 minutes and then peeling the film away from the embossed sheet.
  • the film pieces 11 , 12 are circular in shape and have a diameter of about 10cm.
  • the pieces 11 , 12 are heat sealed around at least 75% of their perimeter and the bag formed therefrom is then partially filled to about 40% of its volume with pieces of hydrophilic polyurethane foam 13, each piece being approximately cuboid in shape having sides measuring between 3 and 4cm.
  • the remaining edges of the bag are then heat sealed together to completely enclose foam pieces 13.
  • the heat-sealed edges form a flange 14.
  • the bag of the dressing is placed over and around the wound or tumour to conform to its shape and contour and it may then be secured to the skin by means of adhesive tape to ensure a good seal to avoid leakage of exudate.
  • Fig 2 shows an altemative form of dressing in which the bag is formed in the same way as that shown in Fig 1.
  • An adhesive flange 17, formed of a layer of hydrophilic polyurethane film 18 and a pressure sensitive adhesive 19 is placed around the bag and adhered to the flange 14 of the bag.
  • the adhesive 19 is covered by a releaseable protector 20 until the dressing is placed on a wound.
  • the adhesive flange has a moisture vapour permeability of greater than 200g/m 2 /24h so that the skin to which it adheres does not become macerated.
  • a ring of non-woven material 21 which inco ⁇ orates activated charcoal is present around the dressing beneath the adhesive flange. This ensures that the unpleasant odour of a fungating wound to which the dressing is applied is minimised.
  • Fig 3 shows how the above dressing shown in Fig 2 may be placed on an irregularly shaped wound 15, such as a fungating tumour.
  • the absorbent pieces 13 have been distributed in the bag to provide cushioning around the wound and absorbency in contact with the surface of the wound.
  • the perforated film 12 is placed next to the wound so that exudate produced by the wound can enter the bag through the perforations and be absorbed by the pieces 13.
  • the top film 11 is impermeable to liquid so the exudate remains within the bag.
  • the wound is kept moist and warm by the dressing for optimum wound healing and comfort.
  • the dressing is held in place by the adhesive flange 17 which forms a fluid-tight seal between the dressing and the skin.
  • Fig 4 shows the dressing of Fig 2 in use to dress a concave shaped wound.
  • the bag is formed to an appropriate shape to fill the cavity and the adhesive flange 17 is then adhered around the wound.
  • the dressing is preferably sterilised and supplied in a sterile package.
  • Fig 5 shows an altemative form of the dressing comprising a bag made from a perforated film 12 and a non perforated film 18 which has a layer of an adhesive 19 coated thereon.
  • the film 18 is preferably a conformable and breathable thin film such as a polyurethane film of the type used on known film dressings.
  • the film may have a support means to allow it to be handled more easily especially in regions which extend beyond the perimeter of the bag.
  • the dressing in the drawing has such a support means in the form of a carrier layer 22 which is a relatively stiff layer of polymeric film releasably attached to the non-adhesive surface of film 18.
  • the carrier 22 is intended to be removed after the dressing has been applied to the patient.
  • the bag is formed by adhering the permeable film 12 to the adhesive surface 19 of film 18.
  • a piece of film (not shown) is adhered over the area 23 of adhesive layer 19 which is present inside the bag.
  • a releasable layer 20 covers and protects the exposed areas of adhesive prior to use of the dressing.
  • Fig 6 shows a similar dressing to that of Fig 5 although here the bag, made from a perforated film 12 and a non-perforated film 11 , is adhered to the surface of adhesive layer 19.
  • the protector papers 20 are formed into a V-shape such that a part 21 of the releaseable layer extends outwardly from the dressing so that it can be more easily held and peeled away by the user.
  • Example 1
  • a 75 ⁇ m thick contoured and apertured film of a blend of 90% ethylenevinyl acetate copolymer with 10% high-impact polystyrene was placed over a planar, continuous film of the same material.
  • the two pieces were then sealed together around their edges using "RADYNE” (trade mark) radio-frequency welding equipment set at a power of 10.8, a spring force of 150 pounds and a time of 6 seconds with a welding tool in the form of a partial 150mm circle.
  • a portion of the edges (approx 30mm) was left unsealed so as to form an opening for the bag.
  • the bag was then charged with pieces of hydrophilic polyurethane foam (HYPOL (trade mark)) cut to approximate cube shapes having sides of about 3-4mm.
  • the bag was filled so that, when the bag was held vertically by an edge and shaken, the level of foam pieces came approximately half way up the bag.
  • the opening was then closed by heat sealing.
  • Example 1 A 200mm square piece of polyurethane film about 40 ⁇ thick and having one surface coated with a continuous layer of a skin friendly acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, covered with a releasable protector layer was prepared by cutting a circle approximately 150mm in diameter out of the central part of the releasable layer to expose the adhesive. The bag was then adhered to the exposed adhesive by pressing the part of the bag formed by the continuous film to the exposed adhesive. In this way the portion of the adhesive-coated polyurethane film which extended beyond the bag formed an adhesive flange by which the dressing may be fixed in place to the patient. The remaining protector paper which covers the adhesive of this flange is removed just prior to using the dressing.

Abstract

Un pansement (10) pour plaies irrégulières exsudant comporte un sac ou une poche dont une partie (11) de la surface est imperméable et une autre (12) perméable à l'eau. Le sac, qui est garni, de façon lâche, de morceaux de matériau absorbant (13), peut, éventuellement, être pourvu d'un rebord adhésif (18, 19).
PCT/GB1996/002341 1995-09-26 1996-09-24 Pansement absorbant pouvant epouser diverses formes WO1997011658A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU70895/96A AU7089596A (en) 1995-09-26 1996-09-24 Conformable absorbent dressing

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9519574.9 1995-09-26
GBGB9519574.9A GB9519574D0 (en) 1995-09-26 1995-09-26 Conformable absorbent dressing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997011658A1 true WO1997011658A1 (fr) 1997-04-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1996/002341 WO1997011658A1 (fr) 1995-09-26 1996-09-24 Pansement absorbant pouvant epouser diverses formes

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7089596A (fr)
GB (1) GB9519574D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997011658A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA968059B (fr)

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WO1998001166A1 (fr) * 1996-07-04 1998-01-15 Innovative Technologies Limited Traitement de blessures
WO2001013853A1 (fr) * 1999-08-24 2001-03-01 Smith & Nephew Plc Pansement
GB2371490A (en) * 2001-01-29 2002-07-31 Johnson & Johnson Medical Ltd Space filling medicinal absorbant articles
WO2003039419A2 (fr) * 2001-11-05 2003-05-15 Hollister Incorporated Pansement en mousse absorbante
US6566575B1 (en) 2000-02-15 2003-05-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Patterned absorbent article for wound dressing
US7005143B2 (en) 2002-04-12 2006-02-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Gel materials, medical articles, and methods
WO2007078361A2 (fr) * 2005-12-22 2007-07-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Mousse hybride absorbante et articles la contenant
EP1985270A2 (fr) 2007-04-24 2008-10-29 Birgit Riesinger Pansement expensible
WO2010097570A1 (fr) * 2009-02-24 2010-09-02 Smith & Nephew Plc Pansement pouvant être drapé
EP1303239B2 (fr) † 2000-07-18 2013-05-01 Coloplast A/S Pansement
EP2594298A1 (fr) * 2008-05-30 2013-05-22 KCI Licensing, Inc. Système à pression réduite super absorbant
US8680360B2 (en) 2006-09-26 2014-03-25 Smith & Nephew Inc. Lattice dressing
US8791316B2 (en) 2009-02-13 2014-07-29 Smith & Nephew Plc Wound packing
US9061095B2 (en) 2010-04-27 2015-06-23 Smith & Nephew Plc Wound dressing and method of use
US9227000B2 (en) 2006-09-28 2016-01-05 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Portable wound therapy system
US9387126B2 (en) 2002-10-28 2016-07-12 Smith & Nephew Plc Apparatus for aspirating, irrigating and cleansing wounds
US9393158B2 (en) 2011-08-25 2016-07-19 Brightwake Limited Non-adherent wound dressing
US9427505B2 (en) 2012-05-15 2016-08-30 Smith & Nephew Plc Negative pressure wound therapy apparatus
US9446178B2 (en) 2003-10-28 2016-09-20 Smith & Nephew Plc Wound cleansing apparatus in-situ
US9662246B2 (en) 2012-08-01 2017-05-30 Smith & Nephew Plc Wound dressing and method of treatment
US9707311B2 (en) 2007-08-03 2017-07-18 BSN medical, GmbH Wound care article having an absorbent shell
US9801761B2 (en) 2010-07-02 2017-10-31 Smith & Nephew Plc Provision of wound filler
US9820888B2 (en) 2006-09-26 2017-11-21 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Wound dressing
USD806243S1 (en) 2012-05-23 2017-12-26 Smith & Nephew Plc Flexible port used to connect a wound dressing to a source of negative pressure
US9962474B2 (en) 2007-11-21 2018-05-08 Smith & Nephew Plc Vacuum assisted wound dressing
US10046096B2 (en) 2012-03-12 2018-08-14 Smith & Nephew Plc Reduced pressure apparatus and methods
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EP1994916B1 (fr) 2002-05-08 2020-10-14 BSN medical GmbH Corps d'absorption destiné au raccordement au corps humain
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WO1998001166A1 (fr) * 1996-07-04 1998-01-15 Innovative Technologies Limited Traitement de blessures
WO2001013853A1 (fr) * 1999-08-24 2001-03-01 Smith & Nephew Plc Pansement
US6566575B1 (en) 2000-02-15 2003-05-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Patterned absorbent article for wound dressing
EP1303239B2 (fr) † 2000-07-18 2013-05-01 Coloplast A/S Pansement
GB2371490A (en) * 2001-01-29 2002-07-31 Johnson & Johnson Medical Ltd Space filling medicinal absorbant articles
GB2371490B (en) * 2001-01-29 2004-07-28 Johnson & Johnson Medical Ltd Space filling medicinal articles
WO2003039419A2 (fr) * 2001-11-05 2003-05-15 Hollister Incorporated Pansement en mousse absorbante
WO2003039419A3 (fr) * 2001-11-05 2003-10-30 Hollister Inc Pansement en mousse absorbante
US6787682B2 (en) 2001-11-05 2004-09-07 Hollister Incorporated Absorbent foam wound dressing
US7005143B2 (en) 2002-04-12 2006-02-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Gel materials, medical articles, and methods
EP1994916B1 (fr) 2002-05-08 2020-10-14 BSN medical GmbH Corps d'absorption destiné au raccordement au corps humain
US10842678B2 (en) 2002-10-28 2020-11-24 Smith & Nephew Plc Apparatus for aspirating, irrigating and cleansing wounds
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WO2007078361A3 (fr) * 2005-12-22 2008-05-08 Kimberly Clark Co Mousse hybride absorbante et articles la contenant
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GB9519574D0 (en) 1995-11-29

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